歷年高考閱讀理解精選(1)

1、歷年高考閱讀真題精選謹(jǐn)以此篇紀(jì)念江蘇高考英語回歸全國卷TO2021年江蘇卷D篇|句數(shù)：35|詞數(shù)：650MarkTwainhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.Andhesurelydeservesadditionalpraise:themanwhopopularizedthecleverliteraryattackonracism.Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeenthmportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.H.B.Stow

2、e'sUncleTom'sCabiinonlythemostfamousexample.Thesearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithslavery.Withminorexceptions,Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.Hedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintothestory.Againandagain,inthepostwaryears

3、,Twainseemedforcedtodealwiththechallengeofrace.Considerthemostcontroversial,atleasttoday,ofTwain'snovels,AdventureofHuckleberryinn.OnlyafewbookshavebeenkickedofftheshelvesasoftenasHuckleberryFir)nTwain'smostwidelyreadtale.Onceuponatime,peoplehatedthebookbecauseitstruckthemasrude.Twainhimself

4、wrotethatthosewhobannedthebookconsideredthenovel"trashandsuitableonlyfortheslums(貧民窟)."Morerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofthecharacteim,theescapedslave,andmanyoccurencesofthewordnigger.(ThetermNiggerJim,forwhichthenovelisoftenseverelycriticized,neverappearsinit.)Buttheattackswerean

5、daresillyandmissthepoint.Thenovelisstronglyanti-slavery.Jim'ssearchthroughtheslavestatesforthefamilyfromwhomhehasbeenforciblypartedisheroic.AsJ.Chadwickhaspointedout,thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfictionarecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities,"thevoiceofsurvivalwithinawhiteslavecu

6、ltureandthevoiceoftheindividual:Jim,thefatherandtheman."Thereismuchmore.Twain'smysterynovelPudd'nheadWilsonstoodasachallengetotheracialbeliefsofevenmanyoftheliberalsofhisday.WrittenatatimewhentheacceptedwisdomheldNegroestobeinferior低等的towhites,especiallyinintelligence,Twain'stalecen

7、teredinpartaroundtwobabiesswitchedatbirth.Aslavegavebirthtohermaster'sbabyand,fofearthatthechildshouldbesoldSouth,switchedhimforthemaster'sbabybyhiswife.Theslave'slight-skinnedchildwastakentobewhiteandgrewupwithboththeattitudesandtheeducationoftheslave-holdingclass.Themaster'swife

8、9;sbabywastakenforblackandgrewupwiththeattitudesandintonationsoftheslaveThepointwasdifficulttomiss:nurture養(yǎng)育,notnature,wasthekeytosocialstatus.Thefeaturesoftheblackmanthatprovidedthestuffofprejudicemannerofspeech,forexamplewere,toTwain,indicativeofnothingotherthantheconditioningthatslaveryforcedonit

9、svictims.Twain'sracialtonewasnotperfect.Oneisleftuneasy,forexample,bythelengthypassageinhisautobiography假abouthowmuchhelovedwhatwerecalled"niggershows"inhisyouthmostlywithwhitemenperforminginblack-faceandhisdelightingettinghismothertolaughatthem.YetthereisnoreasontothinkTwainsawtheshow

10、sasrepresentingreality.Hisfrequentattacksonslaveryandprejudicesuggesthiskeenawarenessthatheydidnot.WasTwainaracist?Askingthequestioninthe21stcenturyisaswiseasaskingthesameofLincoln.Ifwereadthewordsandattitudesofthepastthroughthe"wisdom"oftheconsideredmoraljudgmentsofthepresent,wewillfindno

11、thingbuterror.Lincoln,whobelievedtheblackmantheinferiorofthewhite,foughtandwonawartofreehim.AndTwain,raisedinaslavestate,brieflyasoldier,andinventorofJim,mayhavedonemoretoangerthenationoverracialinjusticeandawakenitscollectiveconsciencethananyothernovelistinthepastcentury.1. HowdoTwain'snovelson

12、slaverydifferfromStowe's?A. Twainwasmorewillingtodealwithracism.B. Twain'sattackonracismwasmuchlessopen.C. Twain'sthemesseemedtoagreewithplots.D. Twainwasopenlyconcernedwithracism.2. RecentcriticismofAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnarosepartlyfromits.A. targetreadersatthebottomB. anti-slavery

13、attitudeC. ratherimpolitelanguageD. frequentuseof"nigger"3. WhatbestprovesTwain'santi-slaverystandaccordingtotheauthor?A. Jim'ssearchforhisfamilywasdescribedindetail.B. Theslave'svoicewasfirstheardinAmericannovels.C. Jimgrewupintoamanandafatherinthewhiteculture.D. Twainsuspecte

14、dthattheslaveswerelessintelligent.4. ThestoryoftwobabiesswitchedmainlyindicatesthatA. slaveswereforcedtogiveuptheirbabiestotheirmastersB. slaves'babiescouldpickupslave-holders'wayofspeakingC. blacks'socialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheywerebroughtupD. blackswerebornwithcertainfeaturesofprejudice5. Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph7referto?A. Theattacks.B. Slaveryandprejudice.C. Whitemen.D. Theshows.6. Whatdoestheauthormainlyarguefor?