快速突破“主旨大意”

1、快速突破“主旨大意”閱讀理解中的"主旨大意”(main idea),也被稱(chēng)作“主旨要義”。它指的是文 章的中心思想，主要是表明作者的意圖，闡明作者的觀(guān)點(diǎn)；或介紹某一件事情，或 說(shuō)明某一個(gè)道理。這類(lèi)題目的設(shè)題方式主要有：The passage (text) is mainly about.The main (general) idea of the passage isWhat does the passage (author) mainly want to tell us?Which of the following best expresses the main idea of t

2、he text?The best tile of this passage isWhat is the best title of this passage?一般說(shuō)來(lái)，這類(lèi)題目答案的信息岀現(xiàn)在文章的首段或尾段。因?yàn)橥ǔ５男形姆?式是文章首段總啟全文、開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山：文章的尾段總結(jié)點(diǎn)題、畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛。文章的中心 思想往往就集中在這兩部分。所以，要想快速突破這類(lèi)題目最好的方式就是重視首 尾段。其操作辦法是：先在文章的首(尾)段中找到'關(guān)鍵詞”(某人、做某事，論 述某觀(guān)點(diǎn))，再以這些''關(guān)鍵詞”為核心，向前后發(fā)展，直到找到全部有用的信息, 最后確定答案。例1:An Australian

3、 adventurer has taken on a dangerous bid to become the first kayaker(皮艇手)to paddle L600 kilometers (1,000 miles) from his country to New Zealand.1. What's the main idea of the passage?A. An adventurer is attempting to paddle from Australia to New ZealandB. The Tasman Sea is a real challenge for

4、most adventurersC. Police showed much concern about McAuley's trip to New ZealandD. McAuley is well-known as a good kayaker in Australia分析A。這篇文章后而主要介紹McAuley的航海經(jīng)歷，以及這次活動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)備工作， 很顯然都是為文章的第一段所提到的內(nèi)容服務(wù)。文章的第一段應(yīng)是尋找main idea 的最佳段落。關(guān)鍵詞是：adventurer, bid, first kayaker to paddle, his coimtry. New Zealand.聯(lián)

5、系四個(gè)答案選項(xiàng)，能夠確定A為準(zhǔn)確答案。例2：By far the most common difficulty in studying is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine(常規(guī))of study Many students just do a bit of this subject or that, as the mood

6、 takes them, or let their set work pile up until the last possiblemoment.Those who believe that they need only work and study when they are in the mood have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of "freedom". In fact, freedom from control and discipline leads to unha

7、ppiness rather than to "self-expression" or "personality development". Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and puncluality（準(zhǔn)時(shí)），and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society, we have to meet demands2. The best title for the passage might be.A.

8、 Attitudes to StudyB. A Study PlanC. The Difficulties in StudyingD. Study and Self-discipline分析D。這篇文章一開(kāi)始列舉一些現(xiàn)象，目的是提出問(wèn)題，中間被省略的部分是 分析問(wèn)題，最后一段是解決問(wèn)題，也是作者陳述自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，很明顯答案應(yīng)在最后 一部分找。關(guān)鍵詞是：freedom from control and discipline leads to unhappiness» society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctualit

9、y在結(jié)合文章第一段進(jìn)一步 證明D是準(zhǔn)確答案。當(dāng)然，“主旨大意”類(lèi)題目的解題方法決不止這個(gè)種，最佳方案往往是自己在 實(shí)踐中摸索而且行之有效的方法。這里提供的方法只起個(gè)拋磚引玉的作用，切不可 生搬硬套。即時(shí)練習(xí)：練習(xí)1A rise in the earth s temperature could lead to an increase in the number of insects worldwide, with potentially serious consequences for humans.1 The main idea of the passage is.A. Serious dis

10、eases are related to global warmingB. Global warming may increase insect population.C. Some insect species may be gone for ever.D. Many insect species will have to adapt to new environment.提示B關(guān)鍵詞是：rise, temperature, increase, number of insects練習(xí)2Now another American education icon（標(biāo)志）may be disappea

11、ring: the hardbound（硬皮的）tcxtbook More and more school districts are replacing traditional textbooks with electronic one Electronic textbooks are usually accessed either through an online server or are downloaded to student laptops.2. What's the main idea of the passage?A. More and more schools are using e-books instead of textbooksB. E-books will help students prepare for college and the workplaceC. The idea