Book4 Unit1 Period6 Grammar主謂一致

1、Book 4 Unit 1 Women of Achievement 姓名:_ 編制：楊巧妮 審定：高一外語組 班級:_Period6 Grammar 主謂一致 Learning aims（學習目標）：1 master all the points 2. finish all the exercise Learning difficulties and importance; 1. 語法一致的原則 2. 意義一致的原則 3. 鄰近一致的原則一、.Self-preview（自主預(yù)習） 謂語受主語支配，須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這叫做主謂一致。主謂一致一般遵循三條原則：語法一致原則，

2、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。1、Task1（任務(wù)一）  1. 語法一致的原則（1）以單數(shù)名詞或代詞，動詞不定式短語作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù);主語為復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，例如：He goes to school early every morning.The children are playing outside.To work hard is necessary for a student.（2）由and或bothand連接的并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：Both he and I are right.Mr Black and Mrs Black have a

3、son called Tom.但并列主語如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come.（3）主語是單數(shù)時，盡管后面跟有 but, except, besides, with ，等介詞短語，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。例如：The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.Nobody but two boys was late for class.Bread and butter

4、 is a daily food in the west.（4） 一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主語時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：A lot of people are dancing outside.The police are looking for lost boy.2、Task2（任務(wù)二）               2. 意義一致的原則（1）表時間、距離、價格、度量衡等的名詞作主語時，謂

5、語動詞通常用單數(shù)。例如：Twenty years is not a long time.Ten dollars is too dear.（2）有些集合名詞，如family, team等作主語時，如作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如指其中每個成員，則用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：My family is big one.My family are watching TV. （3）疑問代詞作主語時，其謂語動詞也有兩種情況：主語表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；主語表示單數(shù)意義，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Who is your brother?Who are League members? （4）“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+

6、名詞”構(gòu)成的詞組作主語時，其謂語動詞要以of后面的名詞而定。名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)：名詞是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women. Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. （5）由what 引導(dǎo)地主于從句作主語時，通常謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。但如果所指內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)意義時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： What she said is correct. What she left me are a few old books. （6）凡是以“定冠詞

7、+形容詞（或分詞）”作主語，往往根據(jù)意義一致的原則決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如果這種主語指的是一類人，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果指的是一個人或抽象概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. The dead is a famous person.3. 就近一致的原則（1）由連詞or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also,等連接的并列主語，如果一個是單數(shù)，一個是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動詞按就近一致原則，與最靠近它的主語一致。例如：Either you or I am ri

8、ght.Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.（2）在“There be” 句型中,謂語動詞和靠近的主語一致。 There are two apples and one egg in it. （3）as well as, with, except和名詞連用時,謂語動詞和第一個名詞相一致。 He as well as I is responsible for it. 不但是我，他對這件事也有責任。（4）以here開頭的句子，其謂語動詞和靠近的主語一致。 Here is a letter and some book

9、s for you. 二、Questions for preview（預(yù)習疑惑） 三、Cooperative Exploration（合作探究）1、Task1（任務(wù)一）集合名詞作主語，如果表示整體概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如表示成員則用復(fù)數(shù)。常見的這部分名詞有： army，audience，class，club，committee，company，crowd，family，group，government，organization，party，personnel，public，staff，team，union，crew等。如： 2、Task2（任務(wù)二）與as well as 用法里類

10、似的詞語還有： 四、Oral or written presentation（口頭或書面展示） 第二組展示有關(guān)語法一致原則知多少 第三組展示有關(guān)意義一致原則知多少 第四組展示哪些詞語連接主語是用就近原則五、Summary（總結(jié)、點評）.Practice(及時訓(xùn)練) 用所給動詞的適當形式填空1. _ (be) everything OK?2. Nobody _ (know) the answer to the question.3. Ten divided by two _ (be) five.4. Most of the drinking water _ (be) from

11、 the Black River.5. Not only she but also I _ (do) morning exercises every day.6. Either you or she _ (have) made a wrong decision.7. The family _(be) spending the weekend together.8. Bread and butter _ (be) her daily breakfast.9. The police _ (be) trying to catch the thief.10. The number of people

12、invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.1. How time flies! Ten years _ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are 2 Not only his parents but also his brother _ to the Summer Palace. They havent been back. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone3. Neither my father _ g

13、oing to see the patient. A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is 4 Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers一. 選擇填空1. They said the eighteenth and last lesson _ quite easy. A. is

14、B. was C. are D. were2. -When are you going to Kumming for your holidays? -I havent decided. _ this Sunday _ next Sunday is OK. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also3. _ Helen _ Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China. A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C

15、. Both; and D. A and B4. _ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each5. Are there any _ on the farm? A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep6. My shirt _ white and my trousers _ blue.A. are; are B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are7. -Two months _ quite a long time.-Yes. Im afraid that he

16、 will miss a lot of lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were8. The old man has two children but _ of them lives with him.A. both B. none C. neither D. all9. Our knowledge of computer _ growing all the time.A. be B. is C. are D. were10. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began.A. is B.

17、was C. are D. were11. Most of the houses _ this year.A. has built B. have built C. has been built D. have been built12. I think maths _ very difficult to learn.A. is B. are C. has D. have13. A large number of students _ to work in Xingjiang.A. have gone B. has gone C. goes D. is going14. The number of the students in the class _ small.A. are B. is C. have D. were15. There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper.A. is B. are C. was D. were翻譯下列句子1.我們兩個人都沒有看這部電影。 _ 2.我的茶杯里沒有水了。 _ 3.不是他就是我要到哪兒去。_ 4.學生們和老師都不知道這件事。_ 5.我們家正在一起度周末。 _ 【練習答案】一. 1. B 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.B11.D 12.A