(完整版)小升初介詞專(zhuān)項(xiàng)

1、介詞介詞是表示名詞， 代詞和句中其他詞之間關(guān)系的詞，主要表示地點(diǎn)，位置，時(shí)間和方式等。What can you see in the picture? 你在照片里看到了什么？I was born on May 11th. 我出生在 5 月 11 日。The library is near the post office. 圖書(shū)館在郵局附近。常用介詞及用法1. 表示時(shí)間的介詞。英語(yǔ)里最常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間介詞有：at, in , on, before, after 和 from.(1) at, in 和 on 都表示時(shí)間。at 指具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn) 。 at half past seven. 在七點(diǎn)半。 at

2、eleven oclockat noon （中午）at that time （那時(shí)）in一 般 指 某 一 段 時(shí) 間 。inApril在 四 月 份inthemorning/afternoon/evening. In 2013 , in May, 2005（在 2005 年五月） ;in three days（三天之后） ;in Spring;in the 21st century（在 21 世紀(jì)）on指在具體的某一天。on Sunday. 在星期天。On April,1st 在四月一日on Sunday afternoon在星 期天 的早上ona warmmorning in April

3、(在四月的一個(gè)溫暖的早晨)on New Years day(新年 )(2) before 和 after 表示時(shí)間的先后順序。before 表示“在 .之前”Wash your hands before dinner. 飯前要洗手。I have to finish my homework before 10 oclock.我不得不在十點(diǎn)之前做完作業(yè)。after 表示“在 .之后”，They often play football after school. 他們放學(xué)后經(jīng)常踢足球。My father often watches TV after dinner.我爸爸經(jīng)常在晚飯后看電視。(2) f

4、rom 表示時(shí)間時(shí)， 常和 to 連用， 構(gòu)成 from to 的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“從 .到 .”的意思。He kept on working from seven to twelve last night.他昨晚從起點(diǎn)到12 點(diǎn)一直在工作。I go to school from Monday to Friday.2. 表示方位的介詞。小學(xué)階段常見(jiàn)的方位介詞有on, in, at , under, over, above, below, about,around, between 等。(1) on , over 和 above相同點(diǎn)：三者均有“在 .上面”的意思。不同點(diǎn)：on 表示兩個(gè)物體的表面相互

5、接觸。Where is the pen ?It s on the box over 表示“在 .的正上方”，兩個(gè)物體的表面沒(méi)有接觸。above 表示兩個(gè)物體中一個(gè)在另一個(gè)的上方，但不一定垂直，兩個(gè)物體間也沒(méi)有接觸。There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本書(shū)。The sky is over our heads.天在我們的頭頂上。Theplane is flying above clouds. 飛機(jī)在云上飛行。(2) under 和 below 相同點(diǎn)： 兩者均表示“在 .的下面”的意思。不同點(diǎn)： under 表示“在 .的正下方”， 其反義詞是 over.overu

6、nderThere is a ball over two boxes. There is a ball under a boxThere is a bridge over the river河.上有座橋。below 表示“在 .的下面”，但只是低于某一點(diǎn)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否在正下方。From the top of the hill, we could see the blue ocean below.我們從山頂上能看到下邊的藍(lán)色大海。The dead sea is below sea level.死海的海面低于海平面。(3) in 表示位置， 意為“在里面”， 也可以用來(lái)表示在一個(gè)很大的空間內(nèi)。 Ma

7、ry works in a bank. 瑪麗在銀行工作。 There isnt a cloud in the sky. 天空中沒(méi)有一片云。 Whats in the box? He put hishands in his pockets. 他把手放入口袋。(4) at 表示“在某地點(diǎn)”。 I will wait for you at the station. 我將在車(chē)站等你。(5) around 和 about 均表示“在周?chē)薄?They sat around the table.他們圍著桌子而坐。We walked about the town. 我們?cè)阪?zhèn)周?chē)摺?6) behind 表示

8、“在 .的后面”。 There is a broom behind the door. 門(mén)后邊有一把掃帚。(7)in front of 表示“在的前面” 。 There is a new white car in frontof the house. 那房子前面有一輛白色的新轎車(chē)。(8)between 表示“在兩者之間”。My bedroom is between my twosisters. 我的臥室在兩個(gè)姐妹的臥室之間。(9)表示“在某地”時(shí)，at 后面接小地方， in 后接大地方。 如：at home 在家 at the bus stop 在汽車(chē)站 in China在中國(guó) in the

9、world 在世界上3. 表示動(dòng)向的介詞。在英語(yǔ)鐘，有一類(lèi)介詞表示一種動(dòng)態(tài)的移動(dòng)，有“朝著 , ”和“向著 , ”的意思。小學(xué)階段常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)向介詞有into, out of, up, down, from, to, across,through, along 等。(1) into 和 out ofInto 表示“從外向里”的意思；out of 表示“從里向外”的意思。 I saw them go into the house. 我看見(jiàn)他們進(jìn)了那間房子。 Lily ran out of the classroom. 莉莉跑出了教室。(2) up 和 down up 表示“向上”， down 表示“

10、向下”。 We climbed up the mountain to the top. 我們爬上了山頂。 She opened the door and went down the stairs. 她開(kāi)了門(mén)下樓去了。(3) across 和 through 相同點(diǎn)： 兩者都表示“通過(guò)， 穿過(guò)”的意思。不同點(diǎn)： across.?'kr?s 表示“穿過(guò)”這一動(dòng)作在某個(gè)物體的表面進(jìn)行。 He walked across the road carefully. 他小心地穿過(guò)馬路。 The duck is swimming across the river. 這只鴨子正在游過(guò)河。 He issw

11、imming across the pool. 他正在游過(guò)游泳池。through. ru:表示“穿過(guò)”這一動(dòng)作在某個(gè)物體的空間內(nèi)進(jìn)行。She walked through the forest alone.她獨(dú)自一人走過(guò)森林。The trainis going through the tunnel(隧道 )。 這輛火車(chē)正在穿過(guò)隧道。Hewants to climb into the room through the window.他想從窗戶(hù)爬進(jìn)房間。3. 表示方式的介詞表示方式的介詞主要有by, with, in 等。(1) by 表示“靠，用”。My mother goes to work

12、by bus. 我媽媽乘公共汽車(chē)上班。(2) with 表示“使用， 和 .一起； 有， 具有， 帶有”。 He cut the cake with a knife. 他用小刀切開(kāi)了那個(gè)蛋糕。(3) in 表示“用某種語(yǔ)言，以某種方式”。She can speak in Japanese.基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練將下列詞組翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。1. on the farm _ 2. by train _2. the boy in white_4. after school_5. under the chair_6.at night_7. in front of the classroom_8. on Saturday

13、morning_9. behind the tree_10. near the river_選擇括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1. Childrens Day is _(at /on / in) the 1st of June.2. The girl _(with / on / in) long hair is my sister.3. Tom doesnt do well _( at / on / in) math.4. Look at the monkeys _(between / on / in) the tree.5. We have skirts _(under / behind / in)

14、 red, green and white.What color do you like？6. Tom sells his computer game_(with / for / to) me.7. She is a friend _(of / to / on) my sisters.8. Heres a nice picture _( with/ to/ for) you .9. Please call me _( at/ to/ with) 23479865.10. Whats this _( at, on, in) English?二 單項(xiàng)選擇() 1. Whats this _ Eng

15、lish? It s an apple.A. onB. inC. atD. of() 2.Lily, can you go shopping _ me?A. nearB. atC. withD. from() 3.English is spoken _ American.A. inB. atC. byD. with() 4.It often rains _ June.A. ofB. inC. atD. on() 5.They are waiting for a bus _ the bus stop.A. inB. toC. onD. at() 6. What did you do _ the

16、farm ? We plantedsome trees for the farmers.A. onB. inC. atD. to() 7.The girl _ white and red is my sister Kate.A. forB. ofC. inD. with() 8. The waterway (運(yùn)河 ) is wide enough for many ships topass_.A. aboveB. acrossC. crossD. through() 9.Write the numbers _ 10 _ 30 on the blackboard.A. from;inB. bet

17、ween;andC. behind; andD. among; in() 10. The childrenareplanning_ theirclass project.A. ofB. forC. withD. about() 11. Tom was born _ April the 1st, and I was born _April, too.A. in; inB. in; onC. on; inD. on; on() 12. Is Polly _ the tree?A. atB. inC. onD. after() 13. Does your mother cook _ you _ th

18、e weekend?A. for; onB. for; atC. with; onD. to; at() 14. I get up _ about seven fifty five.A. inB. onC. atD. for() 15. Its cold _ winter in ShenYang.A. atB. inC. onD. to() 16. Whats wrong _ your bike?A. inB. onC. atD. with() 17. Thanks _ your help.A. toB. forC. inD. on() 18. I know the name _ the gi

19、rl.A. inB. onC. of() 19. Is his book _ the drawer ? No，its _ the desk.A. in, inB. on, onC. at, onD. in, on() 20. Bob was born _ May 12th , 1999.A. inB. atC. onD. mustnt三 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成句子。1. 李明很擅長(zhǎng)唱歌。Li Ming is good _ singing.2. 爸爸對(duì)我要求很?chē)?yán)格。My father is strict _ me.3. 李華坐在教室中間。Li Hua sits _ the middle _ the

20、classroom.4. 這本書(shū)和那本書(shū)不一樣。This book is different _ that book.5. 在朋友的幫助下， 我通過(guò)了數(shù)學(xué)考試。With the help_ my friend , I passed the maths exam.四 完成對(duì)話。A: Excuse me, can you show me the way _ the Bank _ China?B: Oh, do you know the post office? The bank is _ _ it.A: Im new here, I dont know the city well.B: Can I go _ you ?A: Thats great.B: Where are you _?A: Sydney, How _ you？B: Im _ GuiLin.A: Its a place of interest.B: Welcome _ GuiLin五 找出句中錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng)并改正。1.There aretwopicturesinthewall._2.Sheusual