獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)講解

1、一、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成形式一、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成形式1 1、邏輯主語、邏輯主語+V-ing+V-ing這種構(gòu)成形式內(nèi)部的邏輯主語是分詞的這種構(gòu)成形式內(nèi)部的邏輯主語是分詞的動作執(zhí)行者，分詞表示的動作不是整句動作執(zhí)行者，分詞表示的動作不是整句主語發(fā)出的動作，而是其邏輯主語發(fā)出主語發(fā)出的動作，而是其邏輯主語發(fā)出的動作。如：的動作。如： 1)._no bus, we had to walk home. A.There being B.Being C.Having been D.There was A獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的模式是：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的模式是：主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞+

2、+分詞分詞/ /形容詞形容詞/ /副詞副詞/ /不定式不定式/ /介詞短語介詞短語( (作邏輯主語）作邏輯主語） （作邏輯謂語）（作邏輯謂語） 1. All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs.2. The question settled, we went home. 3. The river having risen in the night, the crossing was impossible. 主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞+ +分詞分詞 ( (過去分詞過去分詞/ /現(xiàn)在分詞）現(xiàn)在分詞）主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞 + +

3、形容詞形容詞1. His mother being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.2. Other things being equal, I would buy the black dress. 主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞 + + 副詞副詞The meeting being over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room.We to care for the children, you are able to be carefree away from home. 主格名詞主格名詞/

4、/代詞代詞 + + 不定式不定式主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞 + +介詞短語介詞短語Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 與與 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 它們都可以在句中作原因狀語、伴隨狀況狀語、條件狀語、時間狀語或結(jié)果狀語用，一般也可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。雖然它們的語法功能和意義相同，但其結(jié)構(gòu)形式和名稱卻不相同。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的模式是： with+with+名詞名詞/ /代詞代詞+ +分詞分詞/ /形容詞形容詞/ /副詞副詞/ /不定式不定式/ /介詞短語介詞短語獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的模式是： 主格

5、名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞+ +分詞分詞/ /形容詞形容詞/ /副詞副詞/ /不定式不定式/ /介詞短語介詞短語一、作時間狀語一、作時間狀語 1、With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.2、With the traffic light green, the bus got moving.=The traffic light green, the bus got mo

6、ving.二、作原因狀語二、作原因狀語 1、With the weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves. = The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.2、With the key having been lost, she could not enter the room. = The key having been lost, she could not enter the room. 三、作條件狀語三、作條件狀語 1、Wi

7、th time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. = Time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. 2、With the car going wrong, well have to stop at the foot of the mountain. = The car going wrong, well have to stop at the foot of the mountain. 四、作伴隨狀語四、作伴隨狀語 1、The mother was cleaning the house with

8、her baby playing on the bed. =The mother was cleaning the house, her baby playing on the bed. 2、Last night I followed him, with a sword in my hand. = Last night I followed him , sword in hand. 無論with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)還是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，都不可有動詞的謂語形式充當(dāng)其中的邏輯謂語。如下例中的was就必須去掉：He sat at the desk reading with a pen was in his right hand.withwith復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作后置定語修飾名詞，復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作后置定語修飾名詞，而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不可作后置定語修飾名而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不可作后置定語修飾名詞詞. Soon she arrived at a