新世紀大學英語綜合教程4答案u1~u4

1、新世紀大學英語綜合教程4答案U1Cloze:Man has a blood tie with nature and nobody can live outside nature. Nature provides us with everything we need: the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat. For quite a long time after man began to live in the realm _ of nature, he lived in fear of its destructi

2、ve forces. He used to regard nature with its elemental forces as something hostile to him. And even the forest was something wild and frightening to him. Very often, he was unable to obtain the merest daily necessities though he worked together with others stubbornly and collectively with his imperf

3、ect tools. Through his interaction with nature, man changed it gradually. He cut down forest, cultivated land, transferred various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions, changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed plants and animals. He subdued and disci

4、plined electricity and compelled it to serve the interests of society. Nonetheless, with the constant expansion) of agriculture and industry, man has robbed nature too much of its irreplaceable resources, polluted his own living environment and caused about 95% of the species that have existed over

5、the past 600 million years to become extinct and still many others to be endangered. The previous dynamic balance between man and nature is on the verge of breaking down. Man is now faced with the problem of how to stop, or at least to moderate the destructive effect of technology on nature.-The cri

6、sis of the ecological situation has become a global problem. The solution to the problem depends on rational and wise organization both of production itself and care for Mother Nature. This can only be done by all humanity, rather than by individuals, enterprises or separate countries Translation：1、

7、這個村子離邊境很近，村民們一直擔心會受到敵人的攻擊The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2、這個國家僅用了20年的時間就發(fā)展成了一個先進的工業(yè)強國In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power. 3、這個公司已經發(fā)展成為這個地區(qū)主要的化工生產基地之一This company has evolved into

8、one of the major chemical manufacturing bases in this region. 4、鑒于目前的金融形勢，美元進一步貶值是不可避免的Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued. 5、政府號召市民就控制水污染問題獻計獻策，但相應卻不強烈The government's call for suggestions about the control of water pollution produ

9、ced very little response from the citizens. 6、天氣沒有出現(xiàn)好轉的跡象，所以政府號召我們做好防洪的準備The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods. 7、科學家曾一度認為沒有比原子更小的東西了，但現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人都知道原子是由更小的粒子構成的At one time scientists thought that there was nothing smaller than an atom b

10、ut now most people know that an atom consists of even smaller particles. 8、這些同學對世界杯十分關注，每天至少花兩個小時看比賽的現(xiàn)場直播The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV. 9、因為得不到貸款，無法按時開業(yè)，這家百貨商店損失慘重The department store lost out beca

11、use loans were very hard to come by and it could not start business on time. 10、我們不能到那里散步，因為那里有一個海軍基地，禁止游客進入We can't go there for a walk because there is a navy base there, which is off limits to tourists. Writing：My Understanding of Environmental Protection Man and the environment are closely r

12、elated. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth. However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, man's transformation

13、 of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage

14、 of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct. We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industr

15、ial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.U2Cloze:Technology is a "hot" issue nowadays. The defenders of technology stress its advantages while the opponents emphasize) its

16、 disadvantages. Neither side has ever taken the time to look at the opposite point of view.The defenders of technology hold that with technology, people's living conditions have been greatly improved. For example, the boom in productivity has made goods better and cheaper. Therefore, things that

17、 were once luxuries, such as jet travel and long-distance phone calls, have become necessities. Medical technology, in particular, has benefited us a lot, especially in prolonging life expectancy.On the other hand, the opponents of technology argue that technology makes life obviously worse. Telemar

18、keting, traffic jams, and identity theft are all phenomena that make people consciously) unhappy. In addition, many people believe technology disrupts relationships and fractures community.Ever since the Industrial Revolution, the relationship between happiness and technology has been an eternal sub

19、ject for social critics and philosophers, though economists and social scientists have seldom touched on the topic. However, in 1974 the economist Richard Easterlin did groundbreaking work on the relationship between prosperity and well-being. In his famous paper entitled "Does Economic Growth

20、Improve the Human Lot?", Easterlin showed that there was no real correlation between a nation's income level and its citizens' happiness in the developed countries. In fact, technology is neither good nor bad. It depends on what we want to do with it. Therefore, the responsibility belon

21、gs exclusively to humans who have to acquire a social conscience, to respect human beings, nature and its balances.Translation：1、他的確懂得很多理論，但是，一碰到實際工作就顯得非常無知He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant. 2、最新調查表明，大多數(shù)市民支持政府再建一個新圖書館的計劃The latest sur

22、vey shows / showed that the majority of the citizens support / supported the government's plan to build a new library. 3、這兩個國家之所以能夠成功的達成科學技術合作協(xié)定是因為有利于他們進行合作的好幾種因素一直在發(fā)揮作用The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favora

23、ble to their cooperation had been at work. 4、我在上小學的時候就看過那部電影，可就是一時想不起它的名字來I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just won't come to mind for the moment. 5、盡管他每天平均工作12個小時，他仍然陷于重重債務之中He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.

24、6、有必要知道他的身高嗎？在我看來，這與他能否成為一個好的律師沒有關系Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is irrelevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not. 7、櫥柜被安裝到墻里，既節(jié)約空間，使用起來又方便The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use. 8、這些工人掙得錢比我們多，可話又說回來，他們的工作也危險的多These workers ear

25、n more than we do, but the other side of the coin is that their job is more dangerous. 9、海倫在大學理學的是經濟學，與此同時她吧哲學作為第二專業(yè)來學習Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major. 10、重要的是你們要自己發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題，我是否到現(xiàn)場去無關緊要what is most important is that you must

26、 find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not.Writing：The Impact of the Mobile Phone on People's Lives Among the many technological inventions, the mobile phone impresses me most. The mobile phone brings considerable convenience to our lives. It

27、 not only enables us to keep in touch with each other almost anytime and anywhere but also helps us solve problems or do business efficiently. In emergencies, a mobile phone can even be a life-saver. Besides, its multi-functions add ease and color to our lives. With a mobile phone, we can receive ma

28、il, read news, listen to music, play games, and take pictures. Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages, too. Most of us have experienced the nuisance of unwanted or wrong calls. We are inconvenienced by calls on occasions when we least expect one. Besides, the technology infrastructure to suppor

29、t mobile communication has consumed valuable natural resources and caused significant environmental problems. It is reported that electromagnetic radiation waves from the phone may result in health problems. Despite its negative side, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages. I

30、believe that with advances in science and technology, improved and safer models of mobile phones will surely serve us still better.U3Cloze:According to Craig Russell, when we make an initial effort in our personal quests for knowledge, we may not even know that a certain field of learning exists. Bu

31、t, after we have done some reading, we will get to know more about the topic (1). At the same time, we may feel that all the reading creates (2) more questions rather than answers them. We then realize how little we really (3) know and how much more we need to read and think and write. Russell sugge

32、sts that we write after reading each time. His experience tells him that it is his writing that has led him to acquire a better grasp _(4) of the topic he studies. People may think that only those who know and who are sure (5) of themselves write. For Russell, however, it's just the opposite (6)

33、, for writing doesn't close things off it opens things up. To say that the more we know, the more we know we don't know seems contradictory (7). According to Russell, modern physics tells us that reality _(8) itself is contradictory. The more closely scientists look into our physical _(9) re

34、ality, the more it slips away from them. In a way, the more they learn, the less they know. Craig Russell believes that a proper understanding will inevitably lead us away from the force and rigidity (10) of dogmatism and toward the flexibility and freedom of the individual (11). Therefore, we must

35、temper our pride in knowing with the humility (12) of not knowing. The truth always exists there, but, it is like the rainbow (13) because we can never really grasp it, never hold it in our hands and truly know it. We can only, as William James said, "live today by what truth we can get today a

36、nd be ready to call it falsehood (14) tomorrow". Translation：1、大多數(shù)人都堅信法庭一定會嚴懲那些銀行搶劫犯Most people strongly believe that the court will no doubt punish the bank robbers severely. 2、在為治療這種疾病而進行的長期探索中，醫(yī)療工作者克服了一個又一個困難The medical workers overcame one difficulty after another in their long-term quest f

37、or a cure for the disease. 3、根據所獲得的情報，警察封鎖了街道并且抓獲了搶劫銀行的罪犯Acting on the information they received, the police closed off the streets and caught the bank robbers. 4、聽說這家剛建成的電視機廠第一年就能生產50萬臺電視機，我們都感到驚訝We were amazed at learning that the newly-built TV factory can produce 500,000 TV sets in the first yea

38、r. 5、政府正在調查這么多人下崗的原因，并設法幫助下崗工人再就業(yè)The government is looking into the causes of so many layoffs and is trying to help the laid-off workers to be re-employed. 6、為了擴大產品的銷售，這家公司采取多種措施，開擴市場，改進服務To expand the sales of its product, the company has taken up various measures to open up new markets and to impr

39、ove its services. 7、他的學習荒廢到如此程度，要在一個月趕上別的同學恐怕是不可能的He has neglected his studies to such an extent that I am afraid it is impossible for him to catch up with the other students in a month. 8、那家煙花爆竹廠由于未能遵守政府的安全條例上個月關門了The fireworks factory was closed last month for failing to comply with the government

40、 safety regulations. 9、我們的足球隊能否戰(zhàn)勝對手，還要等到比賽結束后才知道It remains to be seen whether our football team can beat its opponent. 10、史密斯先生預言，新近發(fā)現(xiàn)的石油儲藏再加上新技術的利用，會讓原油的價格降下來Mr. Smith predicted that the recent oil discoveries, together with the use of new technologies, would lead to a decline in the price of crude

41、 oil.Writing：Barriers to Knowledge Transfer Knowledge transfer is a human phenomenon and plays a very important role in the process of human evolution. With the knowledge accumulated over generations, human beings can now build and transform societies with unprecedented knowledge resources. However,

42、 there are many barriers to knowledge transfer. For example, lack of trust and resistance to change undermine the transfer of knowledge. People are less likely to acquire knowledge from those whom they don't trust or to adopt new theories and practices they are not familiar with. Cultural and la

43、nguage barriers also hamper the transfer of knowledge between nations or ethnic groups. It would be almost impossible for people who speak different languages or dialects with different cultural backgrounds to communicate effectively, not to mention exchanging knowledge. An underdeveloped economy is

44、 another barrier to knowledge transfer. The lack of socio-economic and techno-environmental cooperation, as well as poor communications infrastructure, can greatly hinder the flow of knowledge within and between nations. To remove these barriers, people should change their attitude towards knowledge

45、 transfer and the learning of foreign languages and cultures. At the same time, efforts should be made to develop a better world economy.U4Cloze:Most people have work to do. With work, they can enjoy (1) their lives. However, people who did physical (2) labor were looked down upon in the past. Many

46、people were compelled _(3) to take manual labor because it was an absolute necessity (4) for them to earn a living and to support (5) their families. By contrast, people who did mental (6) work were highly respected. Under the influence of this idea, even today some people still idealize (7) their f

47、uture when making choices for their career. What they care most about is whether the job can give them enough social status (8) rather than whether they can realize their values (9) in it. In their eyes, those who do manual labor should still be classified (10) as inferior in social status. In fact,

48、 there is no essential (11) difference between those who work with their hands and those who work with their mind (12). Whether a job is labor or work does not depend on the job itself but on people's attitude (13) towards it. As long as you like your job, you will think you are fortunate (14) e

49、nough to take it and you will do it enthusiastically.Translation：1、隨著她個人生活的細節(jié)越來越多地被媒體披露出來，她不得不辭去公司總經理的職務As more and more details of her private life were disclosed by the media, she was compelled to resign her post as general manager2、她對自己的新工作很滿意，因為這份工作正好與她的興趣相符She is very satisfied with her new job

50、 as it coincides with her interests.3、我買了這件襯衣，因為它的價格從300元減到了80元。I bought this shirt because the price was reduced from 300 yuan to 80 yuan. 4、為了把孩子們撫養(yǎng)成人，這位母親真是經歷了各種磨難。To bring her children up, the mother really went through all kinds of hardships.5、警方在老太太的死亡案中已經排除了他殺的可能性。The police have ruled out mu

51、rder in the case of the old lady's death.6、市政府承諾將盡快采取有效措施，解決空氣污染的問題。The municipality promised to take effective steps as soon as possible to solve the problems of air pollution.7、因為腿部受傷，我沒有參加上個月學校舉行的網球錦標賽I did not go in for the Campus Tennis Championships held last month because of my injured leg. 8、要是能得到大多數(shù)女生支持的話，你贏得選舉成為學生會主席的機會是很大的。