句子的分類 - E度教育網(wǎng)

1、句子的分類句子的分類:由句子結(jié)構(gòu)來講，可分為三類簡單一、簡單句：由一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語（或并列謂語）構(gòu)成的句子。 eg. We cleaned the windows and tidied the room. 二、并列句：由并列連詞and, but,so,or,for等把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連起來的句子。 eg. 1)I come from China and he comes from Japan. 2)Hurry up,or youll miss the train. 3)He looked for it everywhere, but he couldnt find it.

2、 4)She didnt know the answer to the question,so she asked the teacher. 5)Hes interested in music while John is interested in sports. 三、復(fù)合句 A.賓語從句：賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。 1、連接詞 1)由連接詞that引導(dǎo)陳述句，在口語中that常省略。 eg. He said that he would

3、 like to see the headmaster. 2)由連接詞whether/if引導(dǎo)一般疑問句，whether和if ?？苫Q，但下列場合一般用whether. 介詞后的賓語從句：Im thinking of whether hell come. 與or not連用：I dont know whether I should go or not. 3)由連接代詞what,who(whom,whose)which或連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for? 2、語序：不管賓語從句是

4、陳述句、一般疑問句或特殊疑問句，都要用陳述句語序，也就是說主謂次序不能顛倒。連接詞主謂結(jié)構(gòu) (1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I dont know whats the matter with Bob? (3).I dont know whats wrong with them? 3、時態(tài)：一般說來，主從句時態(tài)要統(tǒng)一。如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可根據(jù)需要用其它任何時態(tài)；如果主句是一般過去時，從句應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)范疇（也就是用一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。 eg.Lily wanted to know whether he

5、r grandma liked the handbag. I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo? 如果從句表明的是一個客觀事實或真理，那么無論主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都只能用一般現(xiàn)在時。 eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 注意：在think后的賓語從句，如果需要表示否定意義，一般不在賓語從句中否定，而是在主句中否定。 eg. I dont thin

6、k that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 誤) 練習(xí)題：（一） How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句) Could you tell me how _ _ on with his new classmates? What is he doing there? Mother didnt know. (改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句) Mother didnt know what _ _doing there.

7、Could you tell me _ they are talking about? A.where B.when C.why D.what Youd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on. Excuse me.Could you tell me where _? A.is the toilet B.the toilet is C.was the toiletD.the toilet was 四、祈使句：表示請求、命令、建議或勸告等的句子叫祈使句，主語you通常省略。 1、祈使句的肯定形式

8、：一般以動詞原形開頭。 Open the door, please. 2、祈使句的否定形式：在句首謂語動詞前加Dont。 Dont be late for class. 3、說話對象是第一人稱和第三人稱時，表示建議做某事。Let me/us Let him/her/them eg. Lets go to school. 注意： 1)祈使句 and/or 簡單句是常用句型 祈使句 + and + 簡單句 表示“如果，就” 祈使句 + or + 簡單句 表示“否則” eg. 1.Go down the street,and youll see a hospital. 2.Be quick,or w

9、ell be late. 2)在祈使句后面，常常附加一個問句，使語氣更加委婉。 eg. Tell me about it,will you/wont you? Dont tell anyone,will you? Lets go to school,shall we? Let us go out to play for a while,will you? 練習(xí)題 1)_ on the thin ice. Its dangerous. A.Dont skate B.Dont skating C.Skate D.Not skate 2)Lets fly the kite on the playgr

10、ound, _ _?（附加問句） 3)Please turn down the radio a bit, _ _?（附加問句） 句子的轉(zhuǎn)換1、同義詞組的轉(zhuǎn)換：指不同的詞組表達同一個意思，用另一個意義相同的詞組替換原句中的詞組。 1)Did your parents have a good time in Hangzhou? Did your parents _ _ in Hangzhou? 2)Jane prefers English to maths. Jane _ English _ than maths. 3)The smiths flew to London for their hol

11、iday yesterday afternoon. The smiths _to London for their holiday _ _yesterday afternoon. 4)Yesterday Tom heard from his sister. Yesterday Tom _ _ _ _ his sister. 5)The woman spent ￥200 on her handbag. The woman _ ￥200 _ her handbag. Her handbag _ the woman ￥200. 6)Lily taught herself Japanese. Lily

12、 _ Japanese _ _. 7)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng _ _ _ English. 2、反義詞或詞組的轉(zhuǎn)換，相對于主語來說，動作發(fā)出的對象改變 1)They havent written to their daughter for a long time. The daughter _ _ from her parents for a long time. 2)The farmer borrowed a pan from the woman last week. The woman _ a pan _ the farmer last

13、week. 3)Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room. _ _ to turn off the lights when you leave the room. 4)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng _ _ _ _ English. Lin Feng _ _ _ English. 3、比較等級的轉(zhuǎn)換：形容詞/副詞的原級、比較級、最高級間的轉(zhuǎn)換，通常用more than, less than,asas, not soas連接。 1) Japanese is not so popula

14、r as English. Japanese is _ popular _ English. 2) Jim runs faster than any other student in his class. Jim runs _ _ all the students in his class. _ runs _ than Jim in his class. _ runs _ fast _ Jim in his class. 3) He has more story-books than I. I havent _ many story-books _ he. 4、用連接詞把兩句合并為一句的轉(zhuǎn)換。

15、 1)The old woman was very angry.She couldnt say a word. The old woman was _ angry _ say a word. 2)Edison was very clever.He could invent a lot of things. Edison was _ _ _ invent a lot of things. 3) Jane prefers English to maths. So does Ann. _ Jane _ Ann _ English to maths. 4)You can do this before

16、class, and you can also do it after class. You can do this _ before class _ after class. 5) This shirt doesnt look nice. That shirt doesnt look nice, either. _ this shirt _ that shirt _nice. 5、不同句子結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換，主要指簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句間的轉(zhuǎn)換 1)We found him a good pupil. We found _ _ _ a good pupil. 2)The room is so sma

17、ll that my family cant live in it. The room isnt _ _ _ my family _ live in. The room is _ small _ my family _ live in. 3)His grandfather died ten years ago. It _ ten years _ his grandfather _. 4)Im not sure what I should do next. Im not sure _ _ _ next. 5)Hurry up, or youll miss the train. _ you _ h

18、urry up, youll miss the train. 6、根據(jù)句意的轉(zhuǎn)換 1) Yesterday everyone of us went to the farm except Lucy. _ Lucy _ go to the farm with us yesterday. 2)Sam is friendly to his classmates and his classmates are friendly to him. Sam _ _ well with his classmates. 3)Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was.

19、I am ten minutes _ than Lily. 4)English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. English _ the largest number of _ in the world. 5)Its your turn to do it. Its _ _ you to do it. 6)The children cant wait to open their presents. The children want to see the presents _ _ _ _. 7)The room i

20、s bright enough. Theres _ _ in the room. 8)We cant finish the work if you dont help us. We cant finish the work _ _ help. 9)It rained heavily last night. There _ _ _ last night. 10)He has lived in the city since he was born. He has lived in the city _ _ _. 11)The building is beautiful and there are

21、many tall trees around it. The building _ many tall trees all _ is beautiful. 7、其它 1)I spent two hours reading the book yesterday. _ _ me two hours _ _ the book yesterday. 2)He bought the book two weeks ago. He _ _ the book _ two weeks. 3)Youre very kind to help me with my maths. _ _ very kind _ you _ help me with my