初中英語(yǔ)之連詞.doc

1、初中英語(yǔ)之連詞.doc 連詞 一、 并列連詞： （一）連詞的概念： 連詞是一種虛詞，不能擔(dān)任一個(gè)句子成分。連詞在句中主要起連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括 并列連詞和 從屬連詞。 （二） 并列 連詞的 分類： ： 表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞 but, yet, however 表示因果關(guān)系的連詞 for, so, therefore 其他并列連詞 and, or, eitheror, neithernor not onlybut also, bothand, as well as 例句：slow but sure. 要慢而穩(wěn)。 shell be back either this

2、week or next week. 她將在這周或下周回來(lái)。 i went and she went also. 我去了，她也去了。 （三）并列連詞的用法： 1、 并列連詞 and 和 or： and 和 or 是用得最多的并列連詞，可以連接： a. 兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞： we were singing and dancing all evening. 整個(gè)晚上我們都在唱歌跳舞。 b. 名詞、形容詞等： this apple is big and red. would you like fish or beef? c. 兩個(gè)并列的分句（句子）： i said it and i meant it.

3、我說(shuō)話算數(shù)。 and 可連接兩個(gè)分句，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。 give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他會(huì)得寸進(jìn)尺。 or 可連接分句，表示"否則'： dont drive so fast or youll have an accident. 別開這么快，不然你會(huì)出車禍。 2、 表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞：but, yet: but 和 yet 的用法： the weather will be sunny but cold. 天氣會(huì)晴朗但很冷。 it is strange, yet true. 這很奇怪，卻是真的。 however, still 等

4、為副詞，但可起連接作用，表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折-"但是'或"然而'。 a. however: his first response was to say no. later, however, he changed his mind. 他的第一反應(yīng)是不行，但后來(lái)他改變了主意。 b. still: its raining; still id like to go. 天在下雨，但我還是要去。 詞組 all the same: she is naughty, all the same we have to laugh at her jokes. 她很調(diào)皮，但對(duì)她的惡作劇我

5、們還是要發(fā)笑。 3、表示因果的連詞： for 可以表示"因?yàn)?#39;，但引導(dǎo)的不是從句，而是并列分句，對(duì)前面情況加以解釋，常用逗號(hào)把它和前面的分句分開，這在書面語(yǔ)中比較多見。 the days were short, for it was now december. 白天很短，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是十二月。 she must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast. 她肯定一早出去了，因?yàn)樗龥]來(lái)吃早飯。 so 表示結(jié)果，可譯為"因此'、"所以'。 our cases were hea

6、vy, so we took a taxi. 我們的箱子很重，因此我們坐了出租車 therefore 為副詞，也表示同樣的意思-"因此'，可放句前： he had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.他走了，于是她把錢給了我。 4、both. and 的用法 a man should have both courage and perseverance.一個(gè)人既要有勇氣又要有毅力。 【難點(diǎn)】 5、就近原則： 1）neithernor neither lucy nor lily is a league member. 2）not o

7、nlybut also not only you but also he likes football. 3）eitheror either jim or peter is right. 4）notbut not jim but peter broke the cup. 6、as well as 的用法: i have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我讀過(guò)他的一本小說(shuō)和幾個(gè)劇本。 【基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)】 （一）用 根據(jù)句意選用 and, but, or, so, while, for 填空。 1. the ground is

8、wet, _ it rained last night. 2. it"s a fine day today, _ everyone is busy. 3. this is our first lesson, _ i don"t know all your names. 4. take an umbrella with you, _ you"ll get wet. 5. do you understand what i said _ do you want me to explain it again? 6. we have classes in the morni

9、ng, _ we don"t have classes in the afternoon. 7. she is a doctor _ i am a teacher. 8. use your head, _ you"ll find a way. 9. they went to the zoo yesterday, _ they didn"t see any animals. 10. i must go now, _ it"s getting dark. 11. be careful, _ you will fall off the tree. 12.exc

10、use me. do you have a table for two? i"m sorry, _ there aren"t any seats now. would you mind waiting for a while? 13. never give up, _ you"ll make it. 14. she was very thirsty, _ she drank some water from the river. 15. you must work hard, _ you"ll fall behind. 16. the dress was

11、very expensive, _ i didn"t buy it. 17. my uncle doesn"t have much money,_ he always enjoys himself. 18.would you like to come to dinner tonight? i"d like to, _ i"m busy. 12、get up early tomorrow, _ you won"t get there before seven. （二） 選擇最佳答案： ( ) 1 my aunt asks whether i li

12、ke a woolen sweater _ a cotton one. a. but b. or c. and d. not ( ) 2 either mary _ lucy told him to come to see us. a. or b. and c. with d. nor ( ) 3 hurry up, _ we"ll be late for the film. a. and b. but c. so d. or ( ) 4 be quick, _ we"ll be late. a. and b. or c. but d. so ( ) 5 we ran to

13、 the trees, _ we couldn"t see any more monkeys. a. but b. so c. and d. for ( ) 6 _ li ping _ wu fang _ league members. a. neither; nor; are b. either; nor; is c. both; and; are d. neither; or; is ( ) 7 you can _ stay at home _ go out to play. a. either; or b. so; that c. neither; and d. both; a

14、nd ( ) 8 _ wei hua _ ann_ very busy. a. both; and; is b. so; and; is c. either; or; is d. so; that; are ( ) 9 _ monday_ tuesday is ok, i will be free then. a. either; or b. neither; nor c. so; that d. both; and ( ) 10 _ my brother_ sister are doctors. a. not; but b. neither; nor c. both; and d. eith

15、er; or ( ) 11 the teacher, as well as his students_ football. a. like b. likes c. enjoy d. play ( ) 12 the doctor, along with these nurses_ sent to the country. a. are b. were c. have d. was ( ) 13 my sister, together with her classmates_ interested in the new book. a. are b. were c. is d. have ( )

16、14 _ she _ i knows his telephone number, because it has been changed. a. both; and b. either; or c. not only; but also d. neither; nor ( ) 15 _ jack _ tom watched tv yesterday evening because they were busy with their lessons. a. both; and b. not only; but also c. not; but d. neither; nor ( ) 16 you

17、 may sit_ this end_ that end of the boat. a. neither; nor b. both; and c. either; or d. between; and ( ) 17 none of the shoes are the right size. they are _ too big _ too small. a. or; or b. either; or c. neither; nor d. both; and ( ) 18 when lily was three, she could_ read_ write. a. not; but b. no

18、t; and c. neither; nor d. either; or ( ) 19 we should learn_ from books._ from workers and farmers. a. both; and b. either; or c. neither; nor d. as; as ( ) 20 we went_ to the cinema, _ to the park. a. did not; / b. not; but c. either; or d. both; and 二、 從屬連詞： 1分類： 從句種類 主要從屬連詞 時(shí)間從句 when, while, as,

19、before, after, until, till, whenever 條件從句 if, unless 目的從句 in order that, so that 結(jié)果從句 sothat, suchthat, so that, so 原因從句 because, as, since 讓步從句 although, though, even though(if), while 方式從句 as if, as though 地點(diǎn)從句 where, wherever 比較從句 than, as 說(shuō)明 that, whether, if 等從屬連詞可引導(dǎo)名詞從句，在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。 2引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的

20、連詞( 重點(diǎn))： when: dont get excited when you talk. 講話時(shí)別激動(dòng)。 while: we must strike while the iron is hot. 我們要趁熱打鐵。 as: he smiled as he passed. 他經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)笑了笑。 before: it will be five years before we meet again. 要五年后咱們才能再相見。 after: ill tell them after you leave. 我將在你走后告訴他們。 until, till: i propose waiting till the

21、 police get here. 我建議等警察來(lái)了再說(shuō)。 since: how long is it since you came to london? 你到倫敦有多久了？ whenever: whenever it is possible, they play outside. 一有機(jī)會(huì)他們就到外面玩耍。 3引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞( 重點(diǎn))： 1）條件狀語(yǔ)從句主要由 if, unless, supposing(suppose)引導(dǎo)： if: if it rains tomorrow , we will have to stay at home. unless: i wont write u

22、nless he writes first. 我不寫信，除非他先給我寫。 2）條件狀語(yǔ)從句還有其他形式：(難 難點(diǎn) 點(diǎn)) you will always have a home as long as i have anything. 只要我有家產(chǎn)，你就永遠(yuǎn)會(huì)有一個(gè)家。 4引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞： （重點(diǎn)） in order that: i lent him 500 yuan in order that he can go for a holiday. 我借給他 50 英鎊，使他能去度假。 so that: ask her to hurry up with the letters so that

23、 i can sign them. 讓她快點(diǎn)把信打好，以便我能簽字。 5引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞： 1）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句主要由 sothat 和 suchthat 引導(dǎo)： sothat: he was so fat that he couldnt get though the door. 他胖得連門都過(guò)不去了。 suchthat: jim made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet. 吉姆吵成那樣，他姐姐讓他安靜點(diǎn)。 he shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 6引

24、導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞： because: because it rained he took a taxi. 由于下雨他叫了一輛出租車。 as: as youre sorry, ill forgive you. 既然你悔悟了，我就原諒你。 since: since you will go there, i will go too. 7讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞： although / though: though / although it is not large, the room was light . 房間雖然不大，采光卻很好。 even if: theyll stand by you even if you dont succeed. 即使你不成功，他們也會(huì)支持你。 8引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞 as: you ought to do as i t