Peking_opera京劇英文介紹

1、1會計學Peking_opera京劇英文介紹京劇英文介紹China has more than 300 forms of traditional opera, of which Peking Opera is the most popular. Peking Opera evolved from Kunqu Opera, an even more ancient art of drama listed by UNESCO in 2001 among the first group of works representing humankind through oral history. Pek

2、ing Opera developed in early 19th-century Beijing and presents singing, music, chanting, dancing and martial arts all in one stage performance.The “Four Great Anhui Troupes” 四大徽班四大徽班coming to Beijing in 1790 ushered the forming of Beijing Opera.The combination of Huidiao（徽調（徽調),Kunqu(昆曲昆曲) and Qinqi

3、ang(秦腔秦腔) gradually formed Peking operas main melodies, The Beginning Period Peking opera is generally regarded as having fully Peking opera is generally regarded as having fully formed by 1845 with the birth of the first formed by 1845 with the birth of the first generation of Peking opera performe

4、rs. The generation of Peking opera performers. The following picture shows 13 famous performers following picture shows 13 famous performers between between 1860 and 18901860 and 1890Beijing opera reached maturity between 1883 and 1918. This was partly because the Empress Dowager Cixi became a regul

5、ar patron of it. In this period, the leading figures are Tan Xinpei , Wang Guifen and Sun Juxian who were called ”The three post giants of Housheng”.Tan Xinpei-the leading figurePeking Operas facial make-up is based on life, or rather, it is the summarization of life. 1、Draw on the principles of gen

6、etic origin.Draw on the principles of genetic origin.借鑒借鑒生活中血統(tǒng)遺傳的原理。生活中血統(tǒng)遺傳的原理。For instance, Zhang For instance, Zhang Pao(Pao(張苞張苞), son of Zhang Fei), son of Zhang Fei張飛張飛, Meng Qiang, Meng Qiang孟孟強強, son of Meng Liang, son of Meng Liang孟良孟良, they all follow , they all follow their fathers their f

7、athers facial make-up and this facial make-up and this gradually became a general practice.gradually became a general practice.2 2、They use different colors to specify different They use different colors to specify different characters in conformity with the roles in the characters in conformity wit

8、h the roles in the opera.opera.3 3、 Rely on descriptions of the characters in Rely on descriptions of the characters in classical literary works or folk stories.For classical literary works or folk stories.For example, the red-faced Guan Yu and the dark-example, the red-faced Guan Yu and the dark-fa

9、ced Bao Gong. faced Bao Gong. Face of eunuch (太監(jiān)臉太監(jiān)臉)The color of it is either red or white.Wry face歪臉：歪臉：Lacking symmetry is a device to exaggerate the wryness and ugliness of facial feature of the accomplices and bullies.Yuanbao (Shoe-shaped gold ingo) facet(元寶臉元寶臉): It got the name as the color o

10、f the forehead and te cheek is different and the outline looks like a shoed-shaped gold ingot. Face of immortal: (神仙臉神仙臉)Composition of the face originated from the statue of the Buddha構圖 取法佛像。The main colors used are golden and silvery which stand for holiness and dignity 主要用金、銀色，或在輔色中添勾金、銀色線條和涂色塊，

11、以示神圣威嚴。 Face of demon:(小妖臉)Also called “random face”(隨意臉)” General meaning：brave、loyal and chivalrous俠義, mostly for a positive roles;others：ironically, sometimes it represents those who are good looking but actually bad in nature.General meaning：straightforward、brave and fortitude剛毅，full of wisdomot

12、hers：represent the yin from yin yang, usually for ghosts,d ark skin guys or ugly-looking peopleGeneral Meaning: Insidious and treacherous, obstinate陰險奸詐 and adhere to his own judgment; 剛愎自用 Others:sometimes it also represents monks, eunuches(太監(jiān)) and aged people.General Meaning: upright and unyieldin

13、g ; a hero who will never be faltered by neither threats nor force”. Others: sorrowful looking, or even ugly looking people.Besides color, lines also function as symbols. For example, a figure can be painted either all white on his face, or just around the nose. The larger the white area painted , t

14、he more viperous the role.Mi was born in 1894 in a family of Peking Opera and Knq performers. He made his stage debut when he was 10 years old. In his 50-year stage career, he maintained strong continuity while always working on new techniques. His smooth, perfectly timed, poised style has been know

15、n in opera circles as the “Mi School.”1.In 1915, for the first time Mei used the spotlight 追光 in Peking Opera.2.In 1923, Mei was inspired to add erhu to the accompaniment of Peking opera, which enriched its background music.3.In 1930, Mei made a t tour performance with his troupe abroad, and visited

16、 Japan , Canada, and the United States. He showed to the whole world how marvelous the Peking Opera is and the tour turned to be a great success.Mei Lanfang ranked first in the “Four Famaous Dan-role Actors ” 四大名旦四大名旦 Kunqu Cuanxi Huangmeixi Yueju Qinqiang Yuju Hebeibangzi Cantonese Opera Peking Ope

17、ra developed in early 19th-century Beijing and presents singing, music, chanting, dancing and martial arts all in one stage performance.Peking Operas facial make-up is based on life, or rather, it is the summarization of life. Wry face歪臉：歪臉：Lacking symmetry is a device to exaggerate the wryness and

18、ugliness of facial feature of the accomplices and bullies.Yuanbao (Shoe-shaped gold ingo) facet(元寶臉元寶臉): It got the name as the color of the forehead and te cheek is different and the outline looks like a shoed-shaped gold ingot. Mi was born in 1894 in a family of Peking Opera and Knq performers. He made his stage debut when he