9A Unit 1 Ancient Greece 知識點.doc

精品文檔9A Unit 1 Ancient Greece 知識點1. luck n. 運氣 Wish you good luck！ 祝你好運！ lucky adj. 好運的；幸運的 He is lucky to pass all the tests.他很幸運通過了所有的考試 luckily adv. 幸運地 Luckily，he passed all the tests.幸運的是，他通過了所有的考試。2. history n. I can use my computer to learn about a famous person from history. 我在電腦上可以讀到某個歷史名人的文章。historical adj. 歷史的；歷史上The Great Wall is a famous historical place in the world.3. at a time = each time; on each occasion 每次The doctor asked my mother to take medicine three times a day and two pills at a time. 醫(yī)生讓我媽媽每天服藥三次，每次兩片。4. disappear vi. ：become impossible to see消失appear vi. 出現(xiàn)5. no longer= not any longer不再 My father gave up smoking . He is no longer a smoker.父親戒煙了。他不再是煙民了。 =My father gave up smoking. He isnt a smoker any longer. He broke his leg and could no longer walk.他把腿摔斷了，不能再走了。 =He broke his leg and could not walk any longer.6. go up the stairs= go upstairs上樓7. seconds later = moments later , after a while 不一會兒 Seconds later, she finished making rice dumplings.不一會兒，她就包好了粽子。8. look down at向下看 反義詞：look up at 抬頭看 He looked down at his shoes. They were very dirty.他低頭看了看他的鞋子。鞋子很臟。 He looked up at the bright stars. 他抬頭看著明亮的星星。look for 尋找Jane is looking for her key everywhere. 珍妮在到處尋找她的鑰匙。look at 看。Please look at the blackboard.請看黑板。look after=take care of; care for 照顧We must learn to look after ourselves.我們須學(xué)會照顧自己look up 查閱 He looked up all the new words in the dictionary.他在詞典里查閱了所有的生詞。look out = be careful 當心 Look out! There is a car coming. 當心！有車過來了。9. empty adj. 空的 反義詞：full adj. 滿的 This is an empty box. 10. take sth. with sb. 隨身帶走了某物 When you get off the car, dont forget to take your belongings with you. 下車時，別忘了帶走你的隨身物品。11. main adj. 主要的The horse must go through the main gate. 那馬必須經(jīng)過那扇大門。mainly adv. 主要地 This text mainly tells us how we should learn a foreign language. 這篇課文主要告訴我們?nèi)绾螌W(xué)習(xí)外語。12. wood n. Wood can be used to make furniture.木頭可用來造家具。wooden adj. Its a wooden ball, not a metal ball. 這是一個木頭球，不是金屬球。13. difficult adj. This is a difficult problem.這是個難題。difficulty n. There is a lot of difficulty in finishing the task.完成這個任務(wù)有許多困難。14.on wheels 在輪子上The wooden horse is on wheels. 這木馬是在輪子上。15. maybe = perhaps adv. 也許；可能 Maybe he is right. 也許他是對的。may be 可能是 = He may be right. 16. want (sb.) to do sth 想（讓某人）做某事= would like (sb.) to do sth. Do you want to visit the museum next week? 你想下周去參觀博物館嗎？ = Would you like to visit the museum next week?17. interrupt sb. 打斷某人 The captain interrupted him. 長官打斷了他的話。 Im sorry to interrupt, but theres someone to see you. 對不起打斷一下，有人要見你。18. obey orders服從命令 A soldiers duty is to obey orders.士兵的職責(zé)是服從命令。19. city n. 城市 citizen n. 市民；公民；居民All the citizens of Shanghai can enjoy the party. She is American by birth but is now an Australian citizen 她出生于美國，但現(xiàn)在是澳大利亞公民。20. celebrate v.慶祝 I celebrated my birthday with a big party.我舉行派對來慶祝我的生日。 celebration n.21.dance around the horse 圍著馬跳舞22. make a joke / jokes about sth. / sb. 拿某事(某人)開玩笑; 取笑某人play a joke / jokes on sb. 拿某人開玩笑My classmates like to make jokes about me at lunchtimes.同學(xué)們喜歡在午餐時間開我的玩笑。23. enemy n. 敵人 enemies (復(fù)數(shù))24. stupid adj. : foolish; silly 愚蠢的 反義詞： clever ; bright ; wise ; intelligent ; smart25. make sure 確信。 We will make sure all the windows are securely locked. 我們將確信所有的窗牢牢地鎖住。26.be securely locked被牢牢地鎖住 = be safely locked27.go to sleep 入睡；睡著 He didnt go to sleep until his mother came back.直到母親回來，他才入睡。28. include v. 包括；包含The tour included a visit to the Science Museum. 這次游覽包括參加科技館。including prep.包括。在內(nèi)Ive got a three-day holiday including New Years Day. 包括元旦在內(nèi)，我有三天的假日。29. by midnight到半夜時為止 by + 過去的時間狀語，用過去完成時 By the end of last year, they had read five English stories.30. except prep. 除。之外，即不把被排除的事物包括在內(nèi) except for 常指在兩種非同類事物中排除其中的一種 except that 用來表示理由或細節(jié)，修正前面所說的情況，其后須接從句besides prep.“除。之外還有”，相當于in addition to例：He works every day except Sunday. 除了星期天之外，他每天都上班。This is a very nice car except for its high price. 這是一輛非常漂亮的車，只是價格太高了。It was a good restaurant except that it was rather noisy.這家餐館不錯，就是有點兒吵。=It was a good restaurant except for its noise.Besides English, I also like Chinese and P.E.除了英語，我還喜歡語文和體育。31. another hour = one more hour 又一小時注意：another + 數(shù)字 + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) = 數(shù)字 + more + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)如：another two chairs = two more chairs 另外兩把椅子32. secret adj. 秘密的；n. 秘密 a secret place一個秘密的地方Its a secret between you and me. secretary n. 秘書 He is a secretary of the manager.他是經(jīng)理的秘書。33. climb out 爬出去34. return vi = come back 回來 The man returned to his office. 那人回到了辦公室。 vt.= give back 歸還 Have you returned the book to the library?你把書還給圖書館了嗎？35.in the darkness 在黑暗中 I couldnt see anything in the darkness.在黑暗中我什么也看不見。36. enter vi. = come or go into 進入 entrance n 入口處 This is the entrance to the exhibition hall.這是展覽會的入口處。37. seize v. 抓住，捉?。篶apture 攻占；奪取38. by doing sth. 通過做某事 We can save water by not washing vegetables under a running tap.39. in one night 在一夜間40. succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 = be successful in doing sth. = manage to do sth. = be able to do sth. succeed v. Our plan succeeded. success n. 成功；勝利 What he did is a great success. successful adj. He is a successful businessman. 他是個成功的商人。41. through a trick 憑借一個計謀 The Greeks succeeded in capturing the city through a trick.希臘人利用計謀占領(lǐng)了這個城市。42. leavebehind 留下 （leave, left, left） Dont leave any rubbish behind when your picnic is over. 當野餐結(jié)束時，別留下垃圾。43. be / fall asleep 睡著； 入睡 ( fall, fell, fallen )44. make the bed 整理床鋪 lay the table 擺放桌子（準備吃飯）45. fix the chair = repair the chair (fix, fixed, fixed) 修理椅子46. offer sb.sth. = offer sth. to sb. 給某人提供某物offer to do sth.主動提出做某事 He offered to help me with my English.他提出幫我復(fù)習(xí)英語。47. be busy doing sth. / be busy with sth. 忙于(做)某事 Im busy going over my lessons thesr days.這幾天我忙于復(fù)習(xí)功課。48. give sb. a hand = do sb. a favour幫某人一個忙 Would you please give me a hand?你能幫我一個忙嗎？49. all the time = always 一直 Dont be so independent all the time. 不要總是那么獨立。50. depend v. 依靠 dependent adj. 依靠的；沒有主見的 independent adj. 獨立的；有主見的51.accept v. 接受；認可 We all accepted his offer. 我們都接受了他的幫助。52.refuse : reject v. 拒絕； 回絕 He refused my invitation. 他拒絕了我的邀請。53.Its so big that they couldnt take it with them. 句型： so that “如此。 以至于”。它的常見用法如下： so + 形容詞或副詞 + that He is so boring that nobody would like to talk to him. 他很無聊，以至于沒人能趕上他。 so + 形容詞 + a (n ) + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that This is so interesting a story that all the people want to read it again. so + many 或 few +a復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that注意：so that 否定句可以和too to或 not enough to進行句型轉(zhuǎn)換There are so many books that I dont know which one to choose. so + much 或 little + 不可數(shù)名詞 + thatThere is so little milk in the fridge that we must buy some.Grammar ： The Present Perfect Tense 現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時一、構(gòu)成形式: have / has +過去分詞二、現(xiàn)在完成時的含義：1、現(xiàn)在完成時用以表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀況對現(xiàn)在有影響或產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。I have bought a new pair of trousers. ( Now I have a new pair of trousers. )She has lost her earrings. ( Now she has no earrings.)I have just had breakfast. ( Im not hungry now. )現(xiàn)在完成時常與already、 just 、yet 、never、 ever、recently等連用。如：A: Have you ever read this book?B: No, Ive never read it.A: Have you seen the film yet?B: Yes, I have already seen it. / No, I havent seen it yet. He has just gone to the library.just 發(fā)生在短暫的過去,放在行為動詞之前.already 用于肯定句, .yet用于否定句和疑問句ever “曾經(jīng)”，相當于at any time。 如： Have you ever been to New York? -Yes, twic. / No, never. Its the most beautiful building I have ever seen.never “從不”， 相當于not at any time。如： I have never seen such a wonderful film before.I have never met a kinder man.2.表示從過去開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在已有一段時間的動作或狀態(tài)。(1) 與 recently, so far, up to now, in the past (last) 等連用。Two bus stations have been built in the past two months.So far, we have learned three units.(2) 與today, this morning, this month, this year等連用。Mr. Li has taught four lessons this month.The shop has sold about 200 washers this year.(3)與since、for、How long連用。for 后接某個時間段，用來說明動作持續(xù)的時間長度，只能與持續(xù)性的動詞連用。They havent seen each other for more than 20 years. since 意為“自從”,后接某個時間點，用來說明動作起始的時間。since 的四種用法參見下表： since + 過去的某個時間點（如具體的年、月、 日、鐘點等）He has lived in Beijing since 2000.他從2000年起九住在北京。since + 一段時間 + agoWe have been here since five minutes ago.從五分鐘前開始，我們就在這里。since + 從句Great changes have taken place since you left.從你離開之后就發(fā)生了巨變。It is + 一段時間 + since從句It is two years since you became a doctor.從你成為一名醫(yī)生算起，以僅有兩年了。注意：對for、since時間狀語的提問用How long?(1)The speaker has talked for about two hours.(2)He has taught Chinese in the language school since he came to London.Fill the blanks with “since”or “for”.1.We have lived in Pudong _1994.2.The film has been on _ten minutes.3.John has been a soldier _a year.4.Tom has had a fever _the day before yesterday.對劃線部分提問1.He has been a top fashion designer for a couple of years.2.The Smiths have lived in Shanghai since they came to China in 1980.3.My cousin has been to the South Pole three times.時態(tài)填空：1. These young men _in the army for three years.(be)2. He _a book on physics for the last six months.(write)3. The old man _in the same house since he was born.(live)4. I cant find my dictionary. I think maybe someone_it by mistake.(take)5. Mr. Green _on the computer for 12 hours. Now he is too tired to go to his friends dinner party. (work)6. The rain _.(stop) Shall we go on with our volleyball match?7. Hi, Mike! I_(receive)your invitation. Thank you very much! Illcome on time.8. They _(not leave) because their schoolbags are still in their desk.9. The lady has been to the shop several times,but she_(never buy) anything10. Mum, I _(lay) the table. Is dinner ready?(4) have been in+地點(持續(xù)呆在某地)e.g. He has been in Shanghai for 3 years.have been to +地點(去過某地)e.g. He has been to London twice.have gone to +地點(去了某地,仍在某地)e.g. He has gone to Canada. (He isnt here now.)Has she ever been to the Summer Palace?Has she gone to the Summer Palace?Fill the blanks with “have / has gone to” or “ have / has been ton/ in”.1. How long _you _Australia?2. Your mother isnt in the office. She _the airport to see your father off.3. She tells me that she _China twice.4. A:Where _ (be) the Browns? B: They _(go) to Canada for holiday.注意：延續(xù)性時間狀語（for/since)必須與延續(xù)性動詞連用。 瞬間動詞 延續(xù)性動詞 瞬間動詞 延續(xù)性動詞go / leave be away from come / arrive be in / atdie be dead join be a member of / be in buy have borrow keepbegin / start be on finish / end be overput on wear catch a cold have a coldfall ill be ill保持句子原意，改寫下面的句子。1. The old man died ten years ago.The old man _ _ _ for ten years.2. She came here a while ago. She _ _ here for a while.3. The film began ten minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for ten minutes.4. James bought the watch a month ago. James _ _ the watch for a month.5 .He left two hours ago. He _ _ _ for two hours.6. I borrowed this novel last month. I _ _ this novel for a month.*結(jié)構(gòu):1. It is the first/second/third/time +(that)中須與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。 It is the first time I have been here.It is the third time that he has seen the play.2. Its +一段時間+since +that +從句.Its three years since he came to Shanghai.*現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的比較:1.現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，對現(xiàn)在的影響。2.一般過去時強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。They have closed down the restaurant .They closed down the restaurant yesterday.Whos taken away my umbrella? I cant find it anywhere.Oh, Sally took it away just now. I have learned a lot from the farmers.I learned a lot from the farmers while I was on the farm.9A Unit 1 Ancient Greece 課本基礎(chǔ)知識自測題I. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms 1 Pyramids is one od the most famous_places in the world. (history)2 The man _ in the darkness. (appear)3 My parents came down the _(stair), then said to me.4 All the _ in Shanghai must help to fight pollution. (city)5 The book tells you how to _ in business. (success)6 The car waited at the front _. (enter)7 Make sure your seat belt is _locked. (secure)8. Jane works as a _ in that company. (secret)9. We can protect the environment by _ against pollution. (fight)10. People all went to sleep, _ the captain. (include)11. The farmer _ the horse into the city. (drag)12. The _ horse burned quickly. (wood)13. Do you know the _ of the Jing Mao Building? (high)14. In one night, the Greeks _in capturing the city through a trick. (success)15. The baby fell _ at last. (sleep)II. Rewrite the following sentences as required.1.The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box himself.（保持句子意思不變） The boy is strong _ _ carry the box himself.2. The problem is too difficult for us to work out. （保持句子意思不變） The problem is _ difficult _ we cant work it out. The problem isnt _ _for us to work out.3. My father is so tall that he can reach the book on the shelf. （保持句子意思不變） My father is _ _ to reach the book on the shelf.4. Betty is very honest. Everyone wants to make friends with her. （保持句子意思不變） Betty is _ honest _ everyone wants to make friends with her.5. The box on the shelf is so heavy that the boy cant carry it. （保持句子意思不變） The box on the shelf isnt _ _ for the boy to carry. The box on the shelf is _heavy _ the boy to carry.6. The old fisherman was too weak to go fishing any more. （保持句子意思不變） The old fisherman wasnt _ _ to go fishing any more. The old fisherman was _weak _he couldnt fish any more.7. The price of the flat is so high that many people cant afford it now. （保持句子意思不變） The price of the flat is _ _ for many people to afford. The price of the flat isnt _ _for many people to afford.8. The horse was so big that nobody could take it with him. （保持句子意思不變） The horse was _ big for _ to take. The horse wasnt _ _for _ to take.9. He has to work hard to pass the exam. （改成否定句） He _ _ to work hard to pass the exam.10. Soldiers have to obey orders. （改成反意疑問句） Soldiers have to obey orders, _ _?11. After many years hard work, they were able to finish the task. （保持句子意思不變） After many years hard work, they _ _finish the task. After many years hard work, they _ _ finishing the task. After many years hard work, they _ _ _finish the task.12. I have never talked to a foreigner. （改成一般疑問句） _ you _ talked to a foreigner?13. I have been in the Science Club since 1997. (對劃線部分提問) _ _ have you been in the Science Club?14. The old man left his hometown ten years ago. （保持句子意思不變） The old man _ _ _ from his hometown for ten years.III.Put the verb in the present perfect tense or simple past tense. （用所給動詞現(xiàn)在完成時或一般過去式填空）1. Where is your mother? She _(go) to the supermarket.2. The guests _(just arrive) here. They _(arrive)here just now.3. The story _(happen) in a small village on a winter mor