直接引語間接引語解題技巧及練習(xí).doc

錯題型練習(xí)：1. Helen _her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home.A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come2._from Beijing to London! A. How long way it is B. What a long way it is C. How long way is it D. What a long way is it3. Their teacher asked them to finish writing an _composition in the class. A. eight - hundred - words B. eight - hundreds - word C. eight - hundred - word D. eight - hundreds - words4 -What a nice handbag! How long _you _ it? -Just two days. A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; having D. have; had5. The victims parents will offer_$8,000_any useful clues. A. a reward of; for B. the reward for; of C. the reward of; for D. a reward for; for6. The policemen couldnt prove that he _the murder.A. is guilty of B. was guilty of C. is guilty with D. was guilty with直接引語與間接引語引述別人的原話叫直接引語，用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫間接引語。這兩種引語都是賓語從句，但直接引語放在引號內(nèi)，不用連詞連接；間接引語不用引號，通常用連詞與主句聯(lián)接。直接引語變間接引語：1、變?nèi)朔Q（動詞的變化可根據(jù)實際情況，可用say, tell, ask, beg等）如果從句中的主語時第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句的人稱變化。She said, “My brother wants to go shopping with me.”She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.如果從句中的主語或賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語，也可以用第一人稱。He said to Kate, “How is your sister now?”He asked to Kate how her sister was then.He said, “You are too clever.” He said to me I was too clever. He said he was too clever.He asked, “Is your father older than your mother?” He asked me if my father is older than my mother.如果從句中的主語或賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱一般不需要變化。Mr. Smith said, “Jack (he) is a good student.” Mr. Smith said Jack (he) was a good boy.2、變時態(tài)主句時態(tài)為一般過去時，直接引語變間接引語時態(tài)要做相應(yīng)的變化：一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時, 現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時, 一般將來時變?yōu)檫^去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時變?yōu)檫^去完成時, 一般過去時變?yōu)檫^去完成時, 過去完成時仍為過去完成時過去進行時仍為過去進行時 某些代詞，限定詞，表示時間或地點的副詞和個別動詞在間接引語中的變化規(guī)則如下： 直接引語 間接引語 today that day now then, at that moment yesterday the day before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next day /the following day the day after tomorrow two days after, / in two daysnext week/ month etc the next week/month etc last week/ month etc the week / month etc. before here there this that these those come go bring take 以下情況時態(tài)不變主句時態(tài)為各種現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時He says, “I cleaned the room.” He says he cleaned the room.直接引語是客觀真理The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去式或已為過去式The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should better stay in bed for 2 days.直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語Jack said, “I was born on April 21, 1980.” Jack said he was born on April 21, 1980.直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時，表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變成間接引語時態(tài)不變。 He said, “I get up at six every morning.” He said he gets up at six every morning.3、變狀語時間狀語變化：now 變?yōu)閠hen；yesterday變?yōu)閠he day before; today 變?yōu)閠hat day.He said, “I want to go swimming now.” He said he wanted to go swimming then.地點狀語變化(尤其表示方向性的)：here 變?yōu)閠hereHe said, “You should come here at 7:00.” He said I should go there at 7:00.指示代詞變化：this 變?yōu)閠hatHe said, “This book is mine.” He said that book was his.4、變句型陳述句變?yōu)橐詔hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。He said, “Im very glad.” He said that he was very glad.一般疑問句變?yōu)橐詉f(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?” He asked if (whether) John could come that afternoon.特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛蓋ho, what, when等疑問句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” He said where Mr. Wang was.直接引語是祈使句變?yōu)閠ell（ask, order, beg等）sb. (not) to do sth.句型“Open the door, please,” said she. (Mary said) She asked him (me) to open the door.直接引語是lets開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“suggest +動名詞或從句He said, “Lets go to see the movies.” He suggested going to see the movies. He suggested that they should go to see the movies.練習(xí)：一. 根據(jù)漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子1. 李明說他對玩電腦游戲感興趣。 Li Ming says _ _ interested in playing computer games.2. 我認為瑪麗不回來了。 I dont think Mary _ _.3. 山姆給我說他準備去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.4. 請你告訴我去鐘樓怎麼走嗎？ Could you tell me _ I can get to the Bell Tower?5. 父親說他買了一臺新電腦。 Father said that he _ _ a new computer.6. 我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.7. 你知道一個雙人間多少錢嗎？ Do you know _ _ a double room _?8. 請你告訴我我們外出多長 時間好嗎？ Could you tell me _ _ were going to be away?9. 叔叔說他正在寫一本新小說。 Uncle said that he _ _ a new novel.10. 杰克說他有重要事情要做。 Jack said he _ something important to do.直接引語與間接引語練習(xí)請將下面的直接引語變成間接引語：1“I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “I have found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.4. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.5. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there6. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.7. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _the children _ _making so much noise.8. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ _ him the news. 9. “Are you interested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interested in _.10、“I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with _.11、“I met her yesterday.” He said to me.He _ me that he _ met _ _ _.三、單項選擇1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did2. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which4. Jim doesnt understand _. A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which6. Mr. King didnt know _ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning? A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend8. -Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? -Usually it comes by 4: 00. A. how B. where C. when D. what9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital. A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office C. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office10. -Can I help you? -Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to get there? A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it11. He wanted to know _. A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start C. what hes going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held 12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden? -The day after tomorrow, I think. A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you visit D. when you would visit13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang? A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what14. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where