GRE模考六-帶答案.doc

GRE?？剂鵖ECTION 1Verbal ReasoningTime- 30minutes20 Questions（單空）1. The National Archives contain information so _ that researchers have been known never to publish because they cannot bear to bring their studies to an end. (E8.10)(A) divisive (B) seductive (C) selective (D) repetitive (E) resourceful題目（單空）1. The National Archives contain information so _ that researchers have been known never to publish because they cannot bear to bring their studies to an end. (E8.10)9610s4(A) divisive (B) seductive (C) selective (D) repetitive (E) resourceful翻譯國家檔案包含的信息如此誘人，以至于研究者從來沒想過要出版，因為他們不能忍受結(jié)束他們的研究。解析(A)分裂(B)誘人(C)選擇性(D)重復(fù)(E)足智多謀選B有because后面研究員不想結(jié)束研究可以得知這項研究的特征為褒義詞，只有B項最合適。（單空）2. Thomas Paine, whose political writing was often flamboyant, was in private life a surprisingly _man: he lived in rented rooms, ate little, and wore drab clothes. (E2.2)(A) simple (B) controversial (C) sordid (D) comfortable (E) discourteous題目（單空）2. Thomas Paine, whose political writing was often flamboyant, was in private life a surprisingly _man: he lived in rented rooms, ate little, and wore drab clothes. (E2.2)(A) simple (B) controversial (C) sordid (D) comfortable (E) discourteous翻譯翻譯：托馬斯潘恩的政治作品通常非常華麗，但是在個人生活中卻是簡樸得令人吃驚：他居住在租來的房子里，吃的很少，并且穿著褪色的衣服。 解析分析：本題有兩個思路，空格填入一個形容詞，表示Thomas Paine在“個人生活（private life）”中的特點，supprisingly表示句子中含有矛盾，所以空格填和“華麗（flamboyant）”相反的含義。同時，冒號后的解釋也可以歸納出他的生活特點是“簡樸的”。A簡單的，樸素的；B有爭議的；C破爛骯臟的；D舒服的；E無禮貌的。A選項正確。（單空）3. The constitutional guarantee for free Speech may have been aimed at protecting native Speakers of English from censorship，but it is not a great _ to interpret it as protecting the right to express oneself in any natural language or dialect (E3.9)(A)enigma (B)extension (C) sacrifice (D) condemnation (E) attenuation題目（單空）3. The constitutional guarantee for free Speech may have been aimed at protecting native Speakers of English from censorship，but it is not a great _ to interpret it as protecting the right to express oneself in any natural language or dialect (E3.9)(A)enigma (B)extension (C) sacrifice (D) condemnation (E) attenuation翻譯立法保障言論自由可能是意在保護英語為母語的人擺脫審查制度，但是，它不能被拓展理解為保護用任何語言或方言的每一個人表達自己的權(quán)利。解析選B.but之前說憲法保護了母語為英語的人的言論自由，but之后說對于任何語言的人來說，它不是什么，很明顯是一種拓展。（同義）4. Ecology, like economics, concerns itself with the movement of valuable_ through a complex network of producers and consumers. （E9.5）(A) commodities (B) dividends (C) communications (D) goods (E) nutrients (F) artifacts題目（同義）4. Ecology, like economics, concerns itself with the movement of valuable_ through a complex network of producers and consumers. （E9.5）(A) commodities (B) dividends (C) communications (D) goods (E) nutrients (F) artifacts翻譯生態(tài)學(xué)，就像經(jīng)濟學(xué)一樣，考慮的是有價值的物品在生產(chǎn)者和消費者之間的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)流動的問題。解析分析：空格要填入的是一個名詞，它需要在生產(chǎn)者和消費者的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中流動，like表達類比的含義，因此空格應(yīng)該表達的是經(jīng)濟學(xué)和生態(tài)學(xué)共有的特點。A商品，物品；B股息；C通訊，信息；D貨物；E營養(yǎng)品；F人造物品。經(jīng)濟學(xué)討論的是商品在市場的流動，生態(tài)學(xué)討論的是自然物品在生態(tài)環(huán)境的流動，因此答案是A（同義）5. Some scientists argue that carbon compounds play such a central role in life on Earth because of the possibility of_ resulting from the carbon atoms ability to form an unending series of different molecules. (E9.9)(A) diversity (B) deviation (C) variety (D) reproduction (E) stability (F) invigoration題目（同義）5. Some scientists argue that carbon compounds play such a central role in life on Earth because of the possibility of_ resulting from the carbon atoms ability to form an unending series of different molecules. (E9.9)(A) diversity (B) deviation (C) variety (D) reproduction (E) stability (F) invigoration翻譯翻譯：一些科學(xué)家認為，因為碳化合物的多樣性，它們對地球上的生物起到了核心作用，這種多樣性來自碳原子具有構(gòu)成大量不同分子的能力。解析分析：根據(jù)解釋模式，空格后的分詞短語應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)空格的含義。后面說碳原子能“形成大量不同的分子”，可以體現(xiàn)兩個特征：一是“多”，二是“不同”，任意出現(xiàn)一個就是正確答案。(A)多樣性(B)偏差(C)品種(D)復(fù)制(E)穩(wěn)定(F)堅定不移 答案為C選項。（同義）6. Animals that have tasted unpalatable plants tend to_ them afterward on the basis of their most conspicuous features, such as their flowers. （E12.1）(A) recognize (B) hoard (C) trample (D) retrieve (E) identify (F) approach題目（同義）6. Animals that have tasted unpalatable plants tend to_ them afterward on the basis of their most conspicuous features, such as their flowers. （E12.1）(A) recognize (B) hoard (C) trample (D) retrieve (E) identify (F) approach翻譯那些吃到了難吃的植物的動物在此之后都會靠這些植物的顯著特征，如它們的花，來識別它們。解析分析：空格要填入一個動詞，表示“動物（Animals）”對“它們（them）”做的動作，on the basis of表達因果關(guān)系，空格應(yīng)該填一個和“顯著特征（conspicuous features）”有關(guān)的，或者說可以依靠“顯著特征”來做的一件事情。(A)識別(B)囤積(C)踐踏(D)檢索(E)識別(F)方法。A選項正確。（同義）7. Demonstrating a mastery of innuendo, he issued several_ insults in the course of the evenings conversation. (E12.6)(A) blunt (B) veiled (C) fallacious (D) boisterous (E) disguised (F) embellished題目（同義）7. Demonstrating a mastery of innuendo, he issued several_ insults in the course of the evenings conversation. (E12.6)(A) blunt (B) veiled (C) fallacious (D) boisterous (E) disguised (F) embellished翻譯在晚上的對話中，他說出很多含沙射影的侮辱語言，體現(xiàn)了他強大的暗諷能力。解析分析：空格要填入的是一個形容詞，修飾insults，分詞短語表示前后一致，空格和insults與innuendo語義對應(yīng)，因此空格表達“隱含，含沙射影”的含義。(A)沖(B)含蓄(C) 謬誤(D)喧鬧的 (E)偽裝(F)裝飾 答案應(yīng)該是B。（多空）8. A perennial goal in zoology is to infer function from_, relating the_ of an organism to its physical form and cellular organization. (E21.4)A size D ancestry B structure E appearance C location F behavior題目（多空）8. A perennial goal in zoology is to infer function from_, relating the_ of an organism to its physical form and cellular organization. (E21.4)A size D ancestry B structure E appearance C location F behavior翻譯翻譯：動物學(xué)永恒的目標是根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)推測功能，即把生物的行為和其物理結(jié)構(gòu)和細胞組織關(guān)聯(lián)起來。解析分析：本題是一個很簡單的“四元素模式”，因此，空格1和“物理結(jié)構(gòu)與細胞組織（physical form and cellular organization）”語義對應(yīng)，空格2和“功能（function）”語義對應(yīng)。逗號前后兩部分沒有反義和否定存在，所以兩個空格都應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)和對應(yīng)語義的同義重復(fù)。A大小D祖先B結(jié)構(gòu)E外觀C位置F行為選項B,F正確。（多空）9. When theories formerly considered to be_ in their scientific objectivity are found instead to reflect a consistent observational and evaluative bias, then the presumed neutrality of science gives way to the recognition that categories of knowledge are human_. (E22.2)A disinterested D imperatives B callous E errors C verifiable F constructions題目（多空）9. When theories formerly considered to be_ in their scientific objectivity are found instead to reflect a consistent observational and evaluative bias, then the presumed neutrality of science gives way to the recognition that categories of knowledge are human_. (E22.2)A disinterested D imperatives B callous E errors C verifiable F constructions翻譯根據(jù)埃及和巴比倫影響了晚期希臘文明的證據(jù)，把希臘科學(xué)家的工作視為完全獨立的創(chuàng)作這種觀點是錯誤的。錢人的刻薄的語言描述，這個作者顯得憎惡這個被她描述得很膚淺的社會。解析分析：空格1填入形容詞，修飾“理論（theories）”，instead to表達對比關(guān)系，因此空格1表達和“偏見”相對的含義，即“無偏見”。 A無私的 D要務(wù)B無情 E錯誤C可核查的 F結(jié)構(gòu)A，F(xiàn)選項為正確答案。（多空）10. The myth persists that in 1492 the Western Hemisphere was a (i)_ and that it was European settlers who harnessed and transformed its ecosystems. But scholarship shows that forests, in particular, had been altered to varying degrees well before the arrival of Europeans. Native populations had (ii)_ much of the forests to successfully cultivated stands, especially by means of burning. Nevertheless, some researchers have maintained that the extent, frequency, and impact of such burning was (iii)_. (E40.1)題目（多空）10. 這個題沒有選項！The myth persists that in 1492 the Western Hemisphere was a (i)_ and that it was European settlers who harnessed and transformed its ecosystems. But scholarship shows that forests, in particular, had been altered to varying degrees well before the arrival of Europeans. Native populations had (ii)_ much of the forests to successfully cultivated stands, especially by means of burning. Nevertheless, some researchers have maintained that the extent, frequency, and impact of such burning was (iii)_. (E40.1)翻譯解析（邏輯）Astronauts who experience weightlessness frequently get motion sickness. The astronauts see their own motion relative to passing objects, but while the astronauts are weightless their inner ears indicate that their bodies are not moving. The astronauts experience is best explained by the hypothesis that conflicting information received by the brain about the bodys motion causes motion sickness. 11. Which one of the following, if true, provides the strongest additional support for the hypothesis above? (A) During rough voyages ship passengers in cabins providing a view of the water are less likely to get motion sickness than are passengers in cabins providing no view. (B) Many people who are experienced airplane passengers occasionally get motion sickness. (C) Some automobile passengers whose inner ears indicate that they are moving and who have a clear view of the objects they are passing get motion sickness. (D) People who have aisle seats in trains or airplanes are as likely to get motion sickness as are people who have window seats. (E) Some astronauts do not get motion sickness even after being in orbit for several days.經(jīng)常體驗失重的宇航員會暈動病。相對于移動的物體，宇航員看到了自己的運動，但是當失重時，宇航員的內(nèi)耳判斷他們的身體沒有在運動。宇航員的經(jīng)歷能夠被這樣的假設(shè)最好的解釋，即關(guān)于身體運動的相互矛盾的信息被大腦接受引起了暈動病。11。 下列哪一個,如果是真的,能夠為上述的假說提供最強有力的支持？(A)在惡劣的水上航行中的，在機艙中看到水的景象的乘客比沒有看到景象的乘客不容易暈船。(B)許多有經(jīng)驗的飛機乘客們偶爾會暈機。(C)內(nèi)耳判斷出他們正在運動而且看清楚他們正在經(jīng)過的物體的乘車者會暈車。(D)人在火車或飛機的走廊的座位可能比坐在窗邊的人更容易暈。(E)一些宇航員不會暈，,即使在軌道上好幾天。答案：A條件：內(nèi)耳由于失重認為沒有運動，視覺上看到了參照物認為身體在運動結(jié)論：大腦收到了矛盾的信息，引起暈動病。解析：本題為加強題，正確選項應(yīng)該能夠在條件結(jié)論之間架設(shè)橋梁使二者的邏輯關(guān)系更加的有力。首先排除無關(guān)選項B和E,本題的邏輯關(guān)系和經(jīng)驗無關(guān)，E項更是跑題，所以排除。剩下的三個選項都是在說不失重，也就是內(nèi)耳判斷身體在運動的情況下，暈動和視覺之間的關(guān)系。A項說看到景象不容易暈，也就是視覺也判斷身體在運動，和內(nèi)耳信息一致時不容易暈，相當于原文條件結(jié)論的雙重否定，所以能夠加強原文的邏輯關(guān)系。而C和D都是在說，視覺和內(nèi)耳同時判斷運動是容易暈，其實是在否定原文的結(jié)論。（長閱讀）9510The term “remote sensing” refers to the techniques of measurement and interpretation of phenomena from a distance. Prior to the mid-1960s the interpretation of film images was the primary means for remote sensing of the Earths geologic features. With the development of the optomechanical scanner, scientists began to construct digital multispectral images using data beyond the sensitivity range of visible light photography. These images are constructed by mechanically aligning pictorial representations of such phenomena as the reflection of light waves outside the visible spectrum, the refraction of radio waves, and the daily changes in temperature in areas on the Earths surface. Digital multispectral imaging has now become the basic tool in geologic remote sensing from satellites.The advantage of digital over photographic imaging is evident: the resulting numerical data are precisely known, and digital data are not subject to the vagaries of difficult-to-control chemical processing. With digital processing, it is possible to combine a large number of spectral images. The acquisition of the first multispectral digital data set from the multispectral scanner (MSS) aboard the satellite Landsat in 1972 consequently attracted the attention of the entire geologic community. Landsat MSS data are now being applied to a variety of geologic problems that are difficult to solve by conventional methods alone. These include specific problems in mineral and energy resource exploration and the charting of glaciers and shallow seas.A more fundamental application of remote sensing is to augment conventional methods for geologic mapping of large areas. Regional maps present compositional, structural, and chronological information for reconstructing geologic evolution. Such reconstructions have important practical applications because the conditions under which rock units and other structural features are formed influence the occurrence of ore and petroleum deposits and affect the thickness and integrity of the geologic media in which the deposits are found.Geologic maps incorporate a large, varied body of specific field and laboratory measurements, but the maps must be interpretative because field measurements are always limited by rock exposure, accessibility and labor resources. With remote-sensing techniques it is possible to obtain much geologic information more efficiently than it can be obtained on the ground. These techniques also facilitate overall interpretation. Since detailed geologic mapping is generally conducted in small areas, the continuity of regional features that have intermittent and variable expressions is often not recognized, but in the comprehensive views of Landsat images these continuities are apparent. However, some critical information cannot be obtained through remote sensing, and several characteristics of the Landsat MSS impose limitations on the acquisition of diagnostic data. Some of these limitations can be overcome by designing satellite systems specifically for geologic purposes; but, to be most effective, remote-sensing data must still be combined with data from field surveys and laboratory tests, the techniques of the earlier twentieth century.12.By using the word “interpretative” in line 40, the author is indicating which of the following?(A) Some maps are based more on data from aerial photography than on data from field operations.(B) Some maps are based almost exclusively on laboratory measurements.(C) Some maps are based on incomplete data from field observations.(D) Some maps show only large geologic features.(E) Some maps can be three-dimensional.答案C題型目的題關(guān)鍵詞/對應(yīng)原文Geologic maps incorporate a large, varied body of specific field and laboratory measurements, but the maps must be interpretative because field measurements are always limited by rock exposure, accessibility and labor resources.翻譯地質(zhì)地圖匯集了數(shù)量繁多、形形色色的一整套具體的實地和實驗室測量，但這些地圖必須是可解釋的，因為實地測繪總是受到巖石裸露，可到達程度，以及勞力資源的限制。選項解析題干：通過在40行使用的“可解釋的”一詞，本文作者要指出下列何種情形？選項：A. 有些地圖較多的依據(jù)空中拍攝的圖像，而較少依賴實地作業(yè)B. 有些地圖幾乎完全依據(jù)實驗室的測量C. 有些地圖所依據(jù)的是來自實地觀察中的不完整數(shù)據(jù)D. 有些地圖僅僅反映出大規(guī)模的地質(zhì)特征E. 有些地圖可以是三維立體的解析：作者說受限，表示有不可靠的地方相關(guān)題目背景/拓展13.With which of the following statements about geologic mapping would the author be most likely to agree?(A) Geologic mapping is basically an art and not a science.(B) Geologic mapping has not changed significantly since the early 1960s.(C) Geologic mapping will have limited practical applications until remote-sensing systems are perfected.(D) A developmental milestone in geologic mapping was reached in 1972.(E) Without the present variety of remote-sensing techniques, geologic mapping could not be done.答案D題型推斷題關(guān)鍵詞/對應(yīng)原文The acquisition of the first multispectral digital data set from the multispectral scanner (MSS) aboard the satellite Landsat in 1972 consequently attracted the attention of the entire geologic community.翻譯因此，1972年首批多譜線數(shù)字數(shù)據(jù)的獲得此數(shù)據(jù)由安裝在Landsat衛(wèi)星上的多譜線掃描器發(fā)送出來吸引了整個地質(zhì)學(xué)界的注意。選項解析題干：關(guān)于地質(zhì)測繪，本文作者最可能同意下列哪項陳述？選項：A. 地質(zhì)繪圖基本上是一門藝術(shù)，而非科學(xué)B. 地質(zhì)測繪自20世紀60年代初期以來沒有發(fā)生重大變化C. 除非遙感系統(tǒng)得以完善，否則，地質(zhì)測繪將只具備有限的實際用途D. 地質(zhì)測繪在1972年達到了一個發(fā)展史上的里程碑E. 倘若沒有目前一系列的遙感技術(shù)，地質(zhì)測繪就無法進行解析：依據(jù)acquisition of the first multispectral和attracted the attention of the entire geologic community可知作者的態(tài)度相關(guān)題目背景/拓展14.According to the passage, measurements of which of the following can be provided by the optomechanical scanner but not by visible-light photography?(A) The amount of visible light reflected from oceans(B) The density of foliage in remote areas on the Earths surface(C) Daily temperature changes of areas on the Earths surface(D) The degree of radioactivity emitted by exposed rocks on the Earths surface(E) Atmospheric conditions over large landmasses答案C題型細節(jié)題關(guān)鍵詞/對應(yīng)原文With the development of the optomechanical scanner, scientists began to construct digital multispectral images using data beyond the sensitivity range of visible light photography. These images are constructed by mechanically aligning pictorial representations of such phenomena as the reflection of light waves outside the visible spectrum, the refraction of radio waves, and the daily changes in temperature in areas on the Earths surface.翻譯隨著光機械掃描器的研制發(fā)展，科學(xué)家開始構(gòu)造數(shù)字化或多譜線圖像，利用那些超出可見光攝影術(shù)敏感范圍的數(shù)據(jù)。這些圖像的構(gòu)建，主要是通過以機械的手段對各種現(xiàn)象的圖像再進行調(diào)整，這些現(xiàn)象包括光波在可見光譜之外的反射，放射波的折射，地球表層某些地區(qū)的溫度變化。選項解析題干：依據(jù)文章所述，對下列哪一事物的測量可由光機械掃描器提供，而無法由可見光攝影提供？選項：A. 自海洋折射的可見光數(shù)量B. 地球表面偏僻地區(qū)的樹葉密度C. 地球表面某些地區(qū)的日常溫度變化D. 地球表面裸露的巖石所釋放的放射物程度E. 大片陸地上空的大氣狀況解析：原文可得相關(guān)題目背景/拓展15.It can be inferred from the passage that a major disadvantage of photographic imaging in geologic mapping is that such photography(A) cannot be used at night(B) cannot focus on the details of a geologic area(C) must be chemically processed(D) is always enhanced by digital reconstruction(E) cannot reflect changes over extended periods of time答案C題型推斷題關(guān)鍵詞/對應(yīng)原文The advantage of digital over photographic imaging is evident: the resulting numerical data are precisely known, and digital data are not subject to the vagaries of difficult-to-control chemical processing.翻譯數(shù)字成像比諸于攝影成像，其優(yōu)點是顯而易見的：所產(chǎn)生的數(shù)字數(shù)據(jù)可被精確地了解，并且數(shù)字數(shù)據(jù)不會受到那難于控制的化學(xué)處理處理的不規(guī)則變化的影響。選項解析題干：從文中可推知，地質(zhì)測繪中攝影成像術(shù)的一大缺點是，這類照片選項：A. 無法在夜間使用B. 無法集中在某一地質(zhì)地域的局部細節(jié)上C. 必須通過化學(xué)手段來處理D. 總是通過數(shù)字還原而得到增強E. 無法反映出長時間的變化解析：因為數(shù)字成像的優(yōu)勢是不受化學(xué)變化的影響，故攝影成像的缺點是受化學(xué)手段處理相關(guān)題目背景/拓展16.It can be inferred from the passage that Landsat images differ from conventional geologic maps in that Landsat images(A) reveal the exact size of petroleum deposits and ore deposits(B) indicate the continuity of features that might not otherwise be interpreted as continuous(C) predict the movements of glaciers(D) provide highly accurate data about the occurrence of mineral deposits(E) reveal the integrity of the media in which petroleum deposits and ore deposits are found答案B題型推斷題關(guān)鍵詞/對應(yīng)原文Since detailed geologic mapping is generally conducted in small areas, the continuity of regional features that have intermittent and variable expressions is often not recog