高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 教材重點(diǎn)全程攻略 Unit 2 English around the world講義 新人教版必修1.doc

unit 2 english around the world 話題素材語言和文化話題詞匯1master vt. 掌握 2.consult vt. 咨詢；商量；查閱3command v. & n. 命令；指令 4.standard n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)5usage n. 使用；用法6form_the_habit_of_reading 養(yǎng)成閱讀習(xí)慣7step_by_step 逐步地；一步步地8have a_good_knowledge/command_of english 通曉英語9work hard_at english 努力學(xué)習(xí)英語10have difficulty/trouble_in doing sth. 在方面有困難11make full use of 充分利用12give sb. some advice on how to learn english 給某人一些關(guān)于如何學(xué)英語的建議13bear/keep sth. in mind 記住14enlarge ones vocabulary 擴(kuò)大某人的詞匯量15improve writing skills 提高寫作能力經(jīng)典佳句1learning_english_well depends on reading widely and largely.學(xué)好英語取決于大量地、廣泛地閱讀。2with the constant development of the society, english has played_a_more_and_more_important_part_in our daily life.隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展，英語在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪衅鸬皆絹碓街匾淖饔谩?there_are several tips on how_to_learn english well. firstly, you should spare_no_effort_to_read english news, which can help you increase your interest in english.有幾條如何學(xué)好英語的建議。首先，你應(yīng)當(dāng)不遺余力地閱讀英語新聞，這有助于提高你對(duì)英語的興趣。精美語篇dear jason，im li hua. im writing to ask you to do me a favor. its about an english speech contest with the title an unforgettable experience in high school, which im going to take part in this saturday. ive finished my draft, but i find it still far from satisfactory.im not sure of the usage of some words. there may also be some mistakes in grammar and sentence structures. would you be so kind to spare some time to check them out and improve my article? if its convenient for you, please send it back by thursday afternoon.id appreciate it if you could give me your guidance. looking forward to your reply.yours，li hua高頻單詞1official (adj.) 官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的office (n.) 辦公室officer (n.) 軍官；警察2voyage (n.) 航海；航行voyager (n.) 航行者；遠(yuǎn)行者3native (adj.) 本國的；本地的 (n.) 本地人；本國人4actually (adv.) 實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上actual (adj.) 真實(shí)的；實(shí)際的5base (vt.) 以為根據(jù) (n.) 基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)basic (adj.) 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的basis (n.) 基礎(chǔ)；基本原則6gradual (adj.) 逐漸的；逐步的gradually (adv.) 逐漸地；逐步地7vocabulary (n.) 詞匯；詞匯量；詞表8spelling (n.) 拼寫；拼法spell (v.) 拼寫9latter (adj.) 較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的latest (adj.) 最新的；最近的later (adv.) 后來 (adj.) 后來的lately (adv.) 近來；最近late (adj.) 晚的 (adv.) 遲地10fluent (adj.) 流利的；流暢的fluently (adv.) 流利地；流暢地11frequent (adj.) 頻繁的；常見的frequently (adv.) 常常；頻繁地frequency (n.) 頻率12usage (n.) 使用；用法；詞語慣用法use (vt.) 使用 (n.) 用途useful (adj.) 有用的useless (adj.) 無用的13command (n.& vt.) 命令；指令；掌握commander (n.) 負(fù)責(zé)人；(尤指)司令官；指揮官14request (n. & vt.) 請(qǐng)求；要求15expression (n.) 詞語；表示；表達(dá)express (vt.) 表達(dá) (n.) 快車；快遞16recognize (vt.) 辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)recognition (n.) 識(shí)別；承認(rèn)；認(rèn)出17straight (adv.) 直接；挺直 (adj.) 直的；筆直的；正直的重點(diǎn)短語1more than超過；非常；不只是；不僅是 2because of 因?yàn)?；由?even_if 即使4come_up 走近；上來；提出5be based on 以為基礎(chǔ)6at present 現(xiàn)在；目前7make use of 利用；使用8a number of 若干；許多 9such as 例如；像這種的10believe it or not 信不信由你11play a part (in) 扮演一個(gè)角色；參與熱點(diǎn)句型1even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于even though，意為“即使；盡管”native english speakers can understand each other even_if_they_dont_speak_the_same_kind_of_english (即使他們所講的英語不盡相同)(教材p10)2more . than . “與其說倒不如說”it was based more_on_german (更多的是以德語為基礎(chǔ))than the english we speak at present.(教材p10)3it is/wasadj.(for sb.)to do sth.“(對(duì)某人來說)做某事是”it_is_not_easy (是不容易的) for a chinese person to_speak (說) english as well as a native english speaker.(教材p11)4“no such可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”意為“沒有這樣的”believe it or not, there is no_such_thing_as_standard_english (沒有像標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語這樣的東西)(教材p13)5this/that is because . “這/那是因?yàn)椤眛his_is_because (這是因?yàn)? in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent english.(教材p13)6the way 作先行詞后接定語從句，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作方式狀語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可以為：that, in which或關(guān)系詞可省略however, on tv and the radio you will hear differences in the_way_people_speak (人們說話的方式). (教材p13)同步訓(xùn)練在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1later in the next century, people from england made voyages (conquer) other parts of the world and because _ that, english began to be spoken in many other countries.答案：to conquer; of2_ (actual) all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicateeach other.答案：actually; with3the number of people (learn) english in china _ (be) increasing rapidly.答案：learning; is4fact, china may have _ largest number of english learners.答案：in; the5many people believe the english (speak) on tv and the radio is standard english.答案：spoken6some people _ live in the mountains of the eastern usa speak _ an older kind of english dialect.答案：who/that; with7the usa is a large country _ many different dialects are spoken.答案：where/in which8she told us to go around the corner _ the left and keep going straight for two _ (block)答案：on; blocks1 basevt.以為根據(jù)n基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)教材原句it was based more on german than the english we speak at present.(p10)當(dāng)時(shí)的英語更多地是以德語為基礎(chǔ)，而我們今天所說的英語不是。(1)base . on/upon . 根據(jù)；以為基礎(chǔ)(sth.) be based on/upon (某物)以為基礎(chǔ)at the base of . 以為基礎(chǔ)；在底部(2)basis n. 基礎(chǔ)；基本原則on the basis of/that . 根據(jù)；在基礎(chǔ)上(3)basic adj. 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的be basic to . 是的基礎(chǔ)在“base . on/upon .”結(jié)構(gòu)中，base是及物動(dòng)詞，base后要跟賓語，否則要用被動(dòng)形式“be based on/upon”形式。kleindorfers findings are_based_on similarities between the calls of moms and chicks.克林多佛爾的發(fā)現(xiàn)是以鳥媽媽與小鳥叫聲的相似之處為依據(jù)的。basing_an_important_decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.更多地依靠感性而不是理性去做一個(gè)重要的決定，你遲早會(huì)后悔的。some movies have been banned on_the_basis_that they are too violent.有些影片因暴力鏡頭過多而被查禁。drums are_basic_to african music.鼓是非洲音樂的基本樂器。2 commandnc命令；指令u掌握 vt.命令；指揮；支配教材原句can you find the following command and request from reading？(p12)你能從閱讀中找出下面的命令和要求嗎？(1)at ones command聽從某人的支配under ones command由某人指揮；由某人統(tǒng)帥take command of控制；擔(dān)任的指揮(be) in command of指揮；控制have a good command of 很好地掌握；精通(2)command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事command that . 命令(3)commander n. 負(fù)責(zé)人；(尤指)司令官；指揮官command所接賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should) do”形式，能這樣使用的動(dòng)詞可用以下口訣來記憶：一堅(jiān)持：insist二命令：order, command三建議：advise, suggest, recommend四要求：require, request, demand, desireim at your commandwhat would you like me to do?我聽從你的吩咐你要我做什么？the police arrived and took_command_of the situation.警察到達(dá)后就控制了局勢(shì)。applicants will be expected to have_a_good_command_of english.申請(qǐng)人被期望精通英語。the boss commanded him to_finish some important work, but henry forgot his command.the boss commanded that he_(should)_finish some important work, but henry forgot his command.老板命令他完成一些重要的工作，但亨利卻忘了他的命令。3 requestn& vt.請(qǐng)求；要求教材原句in english you use a command or a request when you want someone to do something.(p12)在英語中，當(dāng)你想讓別人做事時(shí)，你可以使用命令或請(qǐng)求的方式。(1)request sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)求某人做某事request that sb. (should) do sth. 請(qǐng)求某人做某事it is requested that . 根據(jù)要求(2)make a request/requests for . 請(qǐng)求/要求at ones requestat the request of sb. 應(yīng)某人的要求my parents requested that i_should_learn a second foreign language.my parents requested me_to_learn a second foreign language.父母要求我再學(xué)一門外語。it_is_requested that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.根據(jù)要求所有的參觀者不該對(duì)展品進(jìn)行拍照。they made_a_request_for further aid.他們要求再給一些援助。shes cutting down the novel at the publishers request/at the request of the publisher.她按出版商的要求對(duì)小說進(jìn)行刪節(jié)。4 recognizevt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)教材原句although many americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each others dialects.(p13)雖然許多美國人經(jīng)常搬遷，但他們還是能識(shí)別和理解彼此的方言。(1)recognize ones voice聽出某人的聲音recognize . as/to be . 承認(rèn)是be recognized as . 被公認(rèn)為/承認(rèn)是it is recognized that . 人們公認(rèn)(2)recognition n. 認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識(shí)out of/beyond (all) recognition 認(rèn)不出來unesco set april 30 as international jazz day to recognize the value of jazz.聯(lián)合國教科文組織將4月30日設(shè)立為國際爵士樂日是為了認(rèn)可爵士樂的價(jià)值。the book is now recognized_as a classic.這本書現(xiàn)在是一部公認(rèn)的經(jīng)典著作。its_recognized_that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.人們一致認(rèn)為環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為人們面臨的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。the town has changed beyond_recognition since i was last here.自從我上次離開這里以來，這座城鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)變得讓人認(rèn)不出來了。易混辨析recognize強(qiáng)調(diào)通過對(duì)記憶的搜索，辨認(rèn)出原來熟悉的人、物、聲音、方位等，常指經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間的間隔后又重新認(rèn)出來know“知道，認(rèn)識(shí)”，指相互間十分熟悉、十分了解realize“意識(shí)到”，強(qiáng)調(diào)在經(jīng)過一個(gè)過程后的完全了解。強(qiáng)調(diào)了解本質(zhì)、明白事理。它還有“實(shí)現(xiàn)(夢(mèng)想)”的意思用recognize, know, realize的適當(dāng)形式填空ai knew bob ten years ago, but he has changed so much that i can hardly recognize him at present.bnone of us realized the danger we were in.cmo yan is universally recognized as one of the greatest authors of our time.單句語法填空1with a sinking feeling, he realized that he _ (actual) enjoyed doing it.答案：actually此處副詞actually修飾動(dòng)詞enjoyed作狀語。句意：他有種不祥的預(yù)感，意識(shí)到自己實(shí)際上喜歡做這事。2with our knowledge (base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.答案：based此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。base與knowledge之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填based。3according to the rules of the hotel, guests _ (request) to vacate (騰出) their rooms by noon on the day of departure.答案：are requestedrequest sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”。此處是該結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。4the manager commanded that measures _ (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.答案：(should) be takencommand后跟賓語從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語應(yīng)用(should) do，又因?yàn)閙easures與take之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，填(should) be taken。5lawrences novel was eventually recognized _ a work of genius.答案：asbe recognized as . “被公認(rèn)為”。句意：勞倫斯的小說終于被認(rèn)為是天才之作。.單句改錯(cuò)1we wrote our first officially report for the government in 1996._答案：officiallyofficial2as is known to all language learners, newly learnt words will soon be forgotten unless frequent used in everyday communication._答案：frequentfrequently3compared with the former opinion, i agreed with the later opinion._答案：laterlatter4the plots of the story gradual developed in my mind._答案：gradualgradually5there was a expression of horror on her face when i saw her._答案：aanbecause of 因?yàn)椋挥捎诮滩脑鋖ater in the next century， people from england made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that， english began to be spoken in many other countries.(p9)隨后在接下來的一個(gè)世紀(jì)，英國人開始航海征服世界的其他地區(qū)。正因如此，許多別的國家開始說英語了。owing to 由于thanks to 由于；幸虧as a result of 由于as a consequence (of sth.) 因此；因?yàn)?某事)on account of 由于in view of 由于；因?yàn)閐ue to 由于；因?yàn)?1)because of 介詞短語，后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。(2)because 從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。however, these plans were abandoned because_of financial problems.然而，由于資金問題，這些計(jì)劃被放棄了。i did it because he told me to.因?yàn)樗愿牢也抛龅?。many obese children are bullied on_account_of their weight.許多肥胖兒童因?yàn)槠潴w重問題在學(xué)校受到欺負(fù)。two hundred people lost their jobs as_a_consequence/result_of the merger.合并一事直接導(dǎo)致二百人失去了工作。come up 走近；上來；發(fā)芽；發(fā)生；被提出；(太陽、月亮等)升起教材原句id like to come up to your apartment.(p10)我很愿意到你家里來。come up with 想出；提出；找到；產(chǎn)生come about 發(fā)生come across 穿過(路、橋)；偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)come on (風(fēng)、雨等)到來；(演員)出場(chǎng)；趕快；得了吧；加油come out 出版；出來；出現(xiàn)；結(jié)果是come to 蘇醒；總計(jì)；達(dá)到；談到when it comes to . 當(dāng)提到come to oneself 恢復(fù)常態(tài)；蘇醒(1)主語(物)come up，指“(計(jì)劃、建議、議題等)被提出；出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生”。(2)主語(人或團(tuán)體組織)come up with sth.，指“(某人/團(tuán)體組織)提出某事(想法、計(jì)劃等)”。the government spent nearly 30 years coming_up_with a plan to reintroduce the wolves.政府花了將近30年才想出了重新引進(jìn)狼的計(jì)劃。how did it come_about that you were late for half an hour?你遲到了半小時(shí)是怎么回事呢？when it_comes_to how to speak fluent mandarin, i suggest that you learn a bunch of pronunciation rules first.當(dāng)談到如何說一口流利的普通話時(shí)，我建議你先學(xué)學(xué)基本的發(fā)音規(guī)則。寫出下列句中come up的含義aan old lady came up to me and asked for directions.走近bas soon as the project came up at the meeting, it attracted many peoples attention.被提出cwhen the moon came up, the young people began their celebration.升起dalvin, are you coming with us?id love to, but something unexpected has come up.發(fā)生come upmake use of 利用；使用教材原句so by the 1600s shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.(p10),因此到17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時(shí)期都大。(1)make full/good use of 充分利用make the best/most of充分利用take (full) advantage of (充分)利用(2)come into use開始被使用be of great use 很有用的(be very useful)it is no use doing sth. 做某事是沒用的put sth. to (good) use (有效)使用/利用某物對(duì)于make use of這個(gè)短語，除了熟練掌握它的含義外，還應(yīng)注意以下兩點(diǎn)：(1)把use提前，使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(2)把use提前用作先行詞，其后接定語從句。people should make_full_use_of their time to do something meaningful.人們應(yīng)該充分利用時(shí)間去做有意義的事情。last but not least, its everyones responsibility to make_the_most/best_of water.最后但同等重要的是，充分利用水資源是每個(gè)人的義務(wù)和責(zé)任。it_is_no_use trying to persuade him to have a holiday because he is a workaholic.因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)工作狂，試圖說服他休假根本無用。shell be able to put her languages to_good_use in her new job.她在新工作中應(yīng)該可以好好運(yùn)用她會(huì)的各種語言。we should think of what_use can be_made_of such material.我們應(yīng)該考慮怎么用這種材料。.選詞填空make use of； come up (with)； because of； play a major part in； such as； at present1in order to expand my knowledge of tianjin, _ its history, tradition and food, i spend every spare moment i have in the library.答案：such as2you cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you _ it.答案：make use of3it is certain that the question will _ at the meeting.答案：come up4there is no way _ of predicting what the longterm effects of the explosion of tianjin will be.答案：at present5we said nothing about it, _ his wifes being there.答案：because of6email, as well as the telephone, our daily communication.答案：plays a major part in.完成句子1_ applicants has swollen to more than 200.申請(qǐng)人的數(shù)目已增至200多人。答案：the number of2for some teachers, half of their rating _ how well their students do.對(duì)一些教師來說，一半的評(píng)級(jí)是基于他們學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)。答案：is based on3_ she doesnt like what he did, she is not going to break up with him.她雖然對(duì)他所做之事不滿，但現(xiàn)在還不想和他分手。答案：even if4many species are in danger of extinction _ our destruction of their natural habitat.許多物種由于我們破壞了它們的自然棲息地而面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。答案：because ofnative english speakers can understand each other even_if they dont speak the same kind of english. (p10)以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以相互理解。(1)even if/even though通常引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“即使；盡管”，所引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。在主、從句主語相同且從句中含有be時(shí)，也可采用省略結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)even so “即使如此；盡管這樣”。i like her, even_though/even_if she can be annoying at times.盡管她有時(shí)可能很煩人，我還是喜歡她。he will not attend the party even if/even though (he is) invited.即使他被邀請(qǐng)，他也不會(huì)參加那個(gè)晚會(huì)。its raining. even so, we must set off.天在下雨。盡管如此，我們還是要出發(fā)。 it was based more on german than the english we speak at present.(p10),當(dāng)時(shí)的英語更多地是以德語為基礎(chǔ)，而我們今天所說的英語不是。(1)more than數(shù)詞或從句超過more than形容詞非常more than名詞不只是；不僅是more . than . 與其說，倒不如說(2)no more than 只不過；僅僅not more than 不超過；至多rather than 而不是other than 除了the writer is more in name than in reality.這個(gè)作家名不副實(shí)。his whole school education added up to no_more_than one year.他所受的全部學(xué)校教育加起來只有一年。it is you rather_than he that are to blame for the terrible accident.是你而不是他因這次可怕的事故應(yīng)受責(zé)備。寫出下列句中more than的含義afor many people, fishing is more than a sport; it is an art.不僅是bshe is a kind girl and more than willing to help others.非常cit also benefits those users who have more than one task to perform.超過；多于believe it or not， there is no such thing as standard english.(p13)信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語可言。(1)such與a/an連用時(shí)，要放在a/an的前面；與all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one等詞連用時(shí)，應(yīng)位于它們的后面。(2)suchthat . 如此以至于(3)such . as . 像這樣的。比較下列句子，注意連接詞的作用。this is such a difficult problem as all of us cant work out.(as引導(dǎo)定語從句)this is such a difficult problem that all of us cant work it out.(that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句)everything comes with a price; there is no_such_thing_as a free lunch in the world.任何事情都是要付出代價(jià)的，在這個(gè)世界上并沒有什么免費(fèi)的午餐。lucy was admitted to peking university, while i had no such luck.露西被北京大學(xué)錄取了，而我卻沒有這樣的運(yùn)氣。he was such a responsible teacher that we were all deeply moved.他是一位如此負(fù)責(zé)任的老師，以至于我們都被深深地感動(dòng)了。such a book as you show me is difficult to understand.像你給我展示的這樣的書是很難理解的。.單句語法填空1even if (receive) visitors, patients must observe normal hospital rules.答案：receivingeven if所引導(dǎo)的從句主語與主句主語相同且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式，應(yīng)采用省略結(jié)構(gòu)，此處省略了they are。故填receiving。2she was more sad _ angry when her son lied to her.答案：thanmore a than b “與其說是b倒不如說是a”。3the book is written in such easy english beginners can understand it.答案：thatsuch . that . “如此以至于”。從句中有賓語和主語，故不是as引導(dǎo)的定語從句，而是that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。4such advice _ he was given has proved almost worthless.答案：assuch . as . “像這樣的”，as在此引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞advice，且在從句中作賓語。5i was more than _ (surprise) to see him behind me.答案：surprisedmore than與形容詞連用表示“很，非?！?，more than surprised表示“很/非常吃驚”。.完成句子1he is so busy. he cannot afford enough time with his son .他很忙，即使他想抽出足夠的時(shí)間陪陪兒子也做不到。答案：even if he wants to2its _ a misunderstanding.這只是個(gè)誤會(huì)。答案：no more than3there is _ failure. failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.世上沒有失敗，失敗只不過是生活試圖將我們推向另一個(gè)方向罷了。答案：no such thing as直接引語和間接引語()當(dāng)我們轉(zhuǎn)述祈使句時(shí)，通常將原句中的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閹o的動(dòng)詞不定式，并根據(jù)句子意思在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。表示邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求某人做某事時(shí)用ask/beg/request sb. to do sth.she said to us, “please have a rest.”she asked us to have a rest.她要求我們休息一下。表示告訴、吩咐、命令某人做某事時(shí)用tell/order/command sb. to do sth.the old man said to me, “dont smoke in the hall.”the old man told me not to smoke in the hall.這個(gè)老人告訴我不要在廳內(nèi)吸煙。表示忠告某人(不)做某事，用advise sb.(not) to do sth.the officer said to us, “go away.”the officer advised us to go away.這個(gè)官員建議我們離開。.單句語法填空1she asked _ i would be free the next day or not.答案：whether由句意和or not可知，應(yīng)填whether，表示“是否”。2the teacher advised us not _ (be) late for the meeting.答案：to beadvise sb. (not) to do s