初中英語單詞用法講座第二講.ppt

初中英語易混詞匯辨析 （二）,主講：張緒敏,三、ache. pain. hurt,1、pain n &v 疼痛，指不適或疼痛的感覺。它持續(xù) 的時間可長可短，程度可強可弱，可形容局部，也可以 形容全身疼痛。,例如：Ive pains in my leg all the time. My foot is still paining me.,2、ache. n&v 疼痛，指不適或痛苦的感覺。它指的是 一種較持久的疼痛，通常是隱痛，而不是劇烈的痛， 它可以與人體的某些部位一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞。如 headache stomachache。,例如：My head is aching.=I have a headache. She felt an ache in her eyes.,3、hurt v. “使疼痛、使受傷”，指肉體上的或精神 上的傷害。,例如：He hurt his leg. He was hurt by what you said.,練習(xí)、1. She couldnt sleep for . 2. She was crying because she had a in her stomach. 3. I have an in the back. 4. My leg .,四、across, cross, through, over, past,這幾個單詞都表示“穿過、通過”的意思， 但詞性和用法 各不相同。,across 是介詞，強調(diào)從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊，且 在物體表面上或沿著某一條線的方向而進行的動作， 其含義常與介詞 on 有關(guān)，常和表示“走”一類的動詞 （如：walk, run, fly, jump等）連用。,Go across the bridge, and youll find the park. 越過這座橋，你就會找到公園。 The little girl ran across the road. 這個小女孩橫穿馬路。,2. cross 是動詞，表示“穿過、越過、渡過”。,The old man is crossing the road. 這位老人正在穿過馬路。 Be careful when you cross the street. 過街時你要小心。,through 是介詞，表示從某一范圍的一端到另一端，但 它表示的動作是在內(nèi)部空間進行的，往往指穿過沙漠、 森林、窗戶等。,The river runs through the city. 這條河從這座城市中間穿過。 Can you see it through this hole? 你能透過這個洞看到它嗎？,over 是介詞，用作“穿過、通過”時，表達到達高的 障礙物（如：樹、墻、籬笆和山脈等）的另一側(cè)。,He jumped over the wall and ran away. 他跳過了墻，跑了。 The horse jumped over the fence. 馬跳過了柵欄。,past 也是介詞，指從某物旁邊經(jīng)過，意思是“走過某處、 經(jīng)過”。,He walked past me without saying “Hello”. 他沒有打招呼就從我身邊走過。 Our bus drove past the Great Hall of the People. 我們乘坐的公共汽車經(jīng)過人民大會堂。,注意,如果不強調(diào)動作，只說明處于墻、籬笆或山 等障礙物的 另一側(cè)時，over 和across 也可以互換。,If we can be over / across the mountain before 8 oclock, we can be helped. 如果我們八點前能到達山那邊，我們就能獲救。,across, through , over 的關(guān)系可用以下圖表示：,across,Exercises,用across, cross, through, past, 或over填空,If we cant go the mountain, we must go around it. The old man went the road to catch the bus. The moon shone brightly in the window. She went the classroom of Class 4. His father the street from the post office.,over,across,through,past,crossed,五、after, in, later,當(dāng)表示以現(xiàn)在時間為起點的“在之后”時， in 后接時間段， after 后接時間點。,He often comes back after ten oclock at night. 他經(jīng)常晚上十點后回來。 Hell be here in a week. 他將在一周后到這里。,當(dāng)表示以過去某個時間為起點時， after 之后可接 時間點或時間段。 而 in 只表示未來的事情，一般 不用于過去某個時間。,After a few minutes she started to cry. 幾分鐘后，她開始哭了。 He said that he would come back in a year. 他說他一年以后回來。,3. After 還可作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。,After he drank some water, he began to clean the table. 他喝了些水后，便開始擦桌子。 Lets play basebal