2017屆英語外研版一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：語法專題12名詞性從句.pptVIP

語法專題十二 名詞性從句,-2-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,-3-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,考點二 主語從句 1.主語從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語,大多數(shù)主語從句都可以用it做形式主語而把主語從句置于句尾。it做形式主語后接that引導(dǎo)的主語從句時,that不可以省略。what引導(dǎo)的主語從句不能用it做形式主語代替。 (2015北京)How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 我們理解事物的方式與我們的感受有很大關(guān)系。 (2014大綱全國)Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain,but it was probably around 1565. 馬鈴薯具體是在什么時候被引入歐洲的并不確定,但有可能是在1565年左右。,-4-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,(2013北京)What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 使這本書非同尋常的是這位作家創(chuàng)造性的想象力。 That she will succeed is certain.It is certain that she will succeed. 她肯定會成功。 2.it做形式主語的常見句型 (1)It is+名詞(no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise等)+從句。 It is no surprise that we will win the match.,-5-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,(2)It is+形容詞(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,funny,possible,likely,certain等)+從句。 It is certain that he will come. (3)It is+過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced等)+從句。 It is said that Mr.Smith has arrived.,-6-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,考點三 賓語從句 1.動詞和介詞后面都可以跟賓語從句。大多數(shù)動詞(hope,tell,say等)后可以跟賓語從句。介詞后只能跟wh-類連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 (2015重慶)We must find out when Karl is coming,so we can book a room for him. 我們必須弄明白卡爾會在什么時候到來,這樣我們就可以為他訂房間了。 (2014福建)Pick yourself up.Courage is doing what youre afraid to do. 振作起來。勇氣就是去做你害怕做的事。,-7-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,(2013山東)Its good to know that the dogs will be well cared for while were away. 得知在我們離開期間這些狗將會受到很好的照顧真是太好了。 I dont think (that) you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不對。 2.動詞find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等后有賓語補(bǔ)足語時,需用it做形式賓語而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我認(rèn)為我們有必要每天喝足夠的開水。,-8-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,3.hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,see to等后接賓語從句時,常在從句前面加it。 I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我不喜歡人們吃著東西說話。 4.sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,surprised等形容詞后也可接賓語從句。 Im sure that they can make it. 我確定他們會成功。,-9-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,考點四 表語從句 1.跟在be或者其他系動詞后的從句為表語從句。that引導(dǎo)表語從句時不能省略。 (2014北京)The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal. 對足球明星來說最好的時刻就是他進(jìn)決勝球的時候。 (2014湖南)As John Lennon once said,life is what/whatever happens to you while you are busy making other plans. 正如約翰列儂曾經(jīng)說過的,生活就是當(dāng)你忙于制訂其他的計劃時,所發(fā)生在你身上的事情。,-10-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,(2014成都第一次診斷)The message of Saving Private Ryan is that humans want peace,not war. 拯救大兵瑞恩傳達(dá)的信息是人們想要和平而不是戰(zhàn)爭。 2.主句主語為idea,advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等名詞時,表語從句的謂語應(yīng)該用“should+動詞原形”的形式,should可以省略。 His suggestion is that we(should) change our course. 他建議我們改變航線。 3.主語為名詞reason時,表語從句的連接詞用that,不用why或者because。 The reason for the accident is that the driver was too careless. 事故的原因是司機(jī)太大意。,-11-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,4.because,as if,as though,as等也可引導(dǎo)表語從句。 (2013安徽)From space,the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 從太空看,地球是藍(lán)色的。這是因為地球表面大約71%的地方被水覆蓋著。,-12-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,考點五 同位語從句 同位語從句是用來解釋說明某一名詞的內(nèi)容或者性質(zhì)的從句。 1.常見的能接同位語從句的名詞有:belief,fact,hope,idea,doubt,news,conclusion,suggestion,problem,order,answer,decision,explanation,information,thought,word等。 (2014河北邯鄲調(diào)研)It was sad news that a music professor in Beijing committed suicide days ago. 幾天前,北京的一位音樂教授自殺了,這是個不幸的消息。 (2014山東濰坊聯(lián)考)People all over the world have a dream that they will always live a peaceful life. 全世界的人民都有一個夢想,即永遠(yuǎn)過著和平的生活。,-13-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,2.同位語從句一般用that引導(dǎo),但根據(jù)語境的不同,也可以用其他的連接代詞和連接副詞。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略。 (2014重慶)Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? Yeah,but I have no idea why he did it;thats one of his favorite universities. 昨天邁克拒絕接受來自耶魯大學(xué)的錄取通知書是真的嗎? 是的,但是我不能理解他為什么這樣做;那可是他最喜歡的大學(xué)之一。 3.有時同位語從句不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后,而是被別的成分隔開。 The story goes that William Tell did kill the king. 故事流傳說威廉泰爾確實殺了國王。,-14-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,4.doubt后面的從句要根據(jù)具體情況選擇引導(dǎo)詞。 doubt用于肯定句時,其后的賓語從句用whether/if引導(dǎo),同位語從句用whether引導(dǎo);用于否定句時,賓語從句和同位語從句都用that引導(dǎo)。 (2014北京海淀期末練習(xí))You can complain,but I doubt whether it will make any difference. 你可以發(fā)牢騷,但我對這樣做是否有用表示懷疑。 There is no doubt that we will have an exam next week. 毫無疑問下周我們要考試。,-15-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,考點六 whether與if引導(dǎo)的從句 whether與if 當(dāng)“是否”講時,在下列情況下只用whether,不用if: 1.引導(dǎo)主語從句并用在句首時。 (2014成都第二次診斷)Whether you are on good terms with your classmates will affect your mood. 你與同學(xué)相處得是否融洽會影響你的情緒。 2.引導(dǎo)表語從句和同位語從句時。 We should discuss the question whether we can finish it on time carefully. 我們要認(rèn)真討論一下我們是否能按時完成任務(wù)這個問題。 3.所引導(dǎo)的從句做介詞賓語時。 It all depends on whether they will lend us the money. 這都要看他們是否會借給我們錢。,-16-,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,4.從句后有“or not”時。 I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Beijing. 我不知道他是否已經(jīng)到達(dá)了北京。 5.后接動詞不定式時。 I dont know whether to go to the party. 我不知道是否去參加聚會。,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,考點七 that,what與which 1.that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時,在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分,只起連接作用,也沒有任何含義;that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句一般不作介詞的賓語(介詞but,except,besides,in除外)。 That he failed the exam made me surprised.(主語從句,that不充當(dāng)從句成分) 他考試沒及格令我很驚訝。 He is a good student except that he is a little careless. 除了有點粗心以外,他是一個好學(xué)生。 2.what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時,其意義為“的人/物/數(shù)目等”,在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或定語。what具有雙重作用,既能引導(dǎo)從句,又能在從句中做成分。做主語、賓語和表語時what可以分解成“定語從句的先行詞+關(guān)系代詞”,即常說的“先行詞+that”。,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,(2014浙江)“Every time you eat a sweet,drink green tea.” This is what my mother used to tell me.(what 指“說的話”) “每次吃糖,要喝點綠茶,” 這是我母親過去常告訴我的。 (2015安徽)A ship in harbor is safe,but thats not what ships are built for.(做for的賓語,意思為“什么樣的用途”) 船停泊在港灣里會很安全,但人們把它造出來可不是為了這個目的。 You will know what side effect the medicine brings about.(做定語,意思為“什么樣的”) 你將會知道這種藥會帶來什么副作用。 He lives in what we call “spring city”.(表示“的地方”) =He lives in the place that we call “spring city”. 他住在一個叫“春城”的地方。,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點五,考點六,考點七,You dont know what good students they are.(表示“多么”,此為感嘆句用于賓語從句中) 你不知道他們是多么好的學(xué)生。 3.which 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,其意義為“哪一個”,可以指人也可以指物,是在已知的具體的人、事、物當(dāng)中進(jìn)行選擇;引導(dǎo)定語從句時,只能當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞,在從句中做主語或賓語,且只能指物。 Tell me which book you like better,the red one or the blue one? I will buy the book which you choose for you. 告訴我你更喜歡哪本書,紅色的還是藍(lán)色的? 我給你買你選中的那本。 4.A is to B what C is to D.A對于B 就像C對于D一樣。 Air is to us what water is to fish. 空氣對于我們就像水對于魚一樣。,-20-,.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空 1.(2015浙江改編)If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate what is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 2.(2015四川改編)The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution. 3.(2015重慶一中一診改編)To improve the quality of our products,we asked for suggestions whoever had used the products. 4.(2015安徽江南十校聯(lián)考改編) Success usually goes to whoever is well-prepared. 5.(2015安徽淮北二模改編) All the students of Grade 3 are studying hard in order to gain admission to what they believe is an ideal university.,解析,-21-,6.(2015福州第二次質(zhì)檢改編) The problem is that one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement. 7.(2015成都二診改編) You can tell about a person by what he says about others in their absence. 8.(2015北京東城下學(xué)期綜合測試改編)Toms worry is that he wont be chosen for the school football team. 9.(2015甘肅部分普通高中聯(lián)考改編)The truth that trees are vital to our life is not a secret. 10.(2015云南部分名校1月統(tǒng)考改編)What he meant is that the Internet is full of information but it can be difficult to find what you really need.,解析,-22-,11.(2015重慶巴蜀中學(xué)模擬改編)It really matters how he treated the latest failure,for the examination is around the corner. 12.(2015沈陽二中月考改編)What I was doing was a brave move,of course. 13.(2015山東煙臺上學(xué)期期末改編)Focusing on what you want to bring into your life not what you want to avoidwill make you more likely to actually pursue it. 14.(2015福建最后沖刺模擬卷二改編)The 3G phone must be of great use to whoever wants to get the information through the Internet quickly. 15.(2015廣東惠州二模改編)Doctors hold the belief that such a robotic operation will make safer and better operations in the future and will improve doctor training as well.,解析,-23-,16.(2014北京改編)Some people believe what/whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 17.(2014陜西改編)When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 18.(2014山東改編)It is difficult for us to imagine what life was like for slaves in the ancient world. 19.(2014四川改編)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,“Thats where I was born.” 20.(2014天津改編)I think what impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.,解析,-24-,.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空 Twenty years ago few people realized 1.that computers were about to become part of our daily lives.This short period of time has seen enormous changes,in business,education and public administration.Jobs,2.which used to take weeks to com