2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Module1SmallTalk課下能力提升（四）外研版.docx

Module 1 課下能力提升（四）.閱讀理解How did your friendships begin? Most start with a short conversation on a random day. Asking about a homework assignment in class or complaining about your sore legs after playing in a soccer game, you found your best pal by accident.“Small talk is where all your relationships begin，” Forbes magazine summed up.The following is a fivestep guide to making small talk from Bernardo J. Carducci, the director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast, US. Lets have a look.1Getting startedBegin by talking about the setting, such as the weather outside or the room you are in (“Its cold in here, isnt it？”). The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.2The personal introductionYou should mention something about yourself, such as your name. A good personal introduction helps move the conversation forward.3Looking for topicsAt this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground. This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things youve said or heard earlier. Dont worry if it gets quiet. The other person is probably just thinking of something to say.4Expanding the topicThe goal is to keep the conversation going. At every stage, you should be careful not to talk too much. But dont let the other person dominate (支配) the conversation either. If that starts to happen, mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath.5A polite endingWhen ending a conversation, let the person know youll be leaving soon, express gratitude for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation. For example, you could say，“I really must be going soon, but I had a great time chatting with you. I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie. Heres my phone number. Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文向?qū)W生介紹了如何通過(guò)聊天建立友誼的技巧。1According to the article, starting by talking about the setting is meant to _.Afind common groundBimpress the other personCmake the room louderDshow your eagerness to make a conversation解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.”可知談?wù)摥h(huán)境是一個(gè)很好的開(kāi)始談話的契機(jī)。2What is the reader advised to do when making small talk?ATurn the conversation to your advantage.BNever cut in when the other person is talking.CDo whatever you can to avoid quiet moments.DFocus on topics both sides are interested in.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段中“At this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground.”可知。3When ending a conversation, youd better “_”Atalk about how much you want to keep talkingBshow that youve enjoyed the talkCmention a specific movie that you loveDgive your opinion about the other persons earlier comments解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“For example, you could say，I really . you think I might enjoy.”可知。4The main purpose of the article is to _.Aencourage students to make more friends at schoolBgive students tips on making small talkCintroduce popular topics for students to have daily conversations aboutDteach students how to create their friendships 解析：選B寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知這是寫(xiě)給學(xué)生看的。再結(jié)合第一句話“How did your friendships begin? ”可推測(cè)作者的意圖是向?qū)W生介紹如何通過(guò)聊天建立友誼的技巧。.閱讀七選五Family isnt always blood. Theyre the people in your life who appreciate having you in their life. These people are the ones who truly matter. _1_Free yourself from negative people. Spend time with nice people who are smart, driven and likeminded. Relationships should help you, not hurt you. _2_ Choose friends who you are proud to know, people you admire, who love and respect you. Life is too short to spend time with people who suck happiness out of you. _3_ Being you is the only way to truly live.Show everyone kindness and respect. Treat everyone with kindness and respect, even those who are rude to you not because they are nice, but because you are. _4_ Treat everyone with the same level of respect you would give to your grandfather and the same level of patience you would have with your baby brother. People will notice your kindness._5_ In most eases its impossible to change them anyway, and its rude to try. So save yourself from needless stress. Instead of trying to change others, give them your support and lead by example.AAccept people just the way they are.BSurround yourself with people who reflect the person you want to be.CWhen you free yourself from negative people, you free yourself to be you.DTrue friends should make your day a little brighter.EThere are no boundaries or classes that define a group of people that deserve to be respected.FRemember: only make friends with outgoing people and stay away from those who dont respect you.GHere are some tips to help you find and foster these special relationships.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了養(yǎng)成良好的關(guān)系的三條建議。1解析：選G空處起承上啟下的過(guò)渡作用，為讀者提出培養(yǎng)人際關(guān)系的建議，故G項(xiàng)正確。2解析：選B根據(jù)空前的“Relationships should help you, not hurt you”和空后的“Choose friends who you are . respect you”可知，應(yīng)選B“讓你的周?chē)鷿M是你以后想要成為的那種人”，強(qiáng)調(diào)你所培養(yǎng)的這種關(guān)系積極的方面。3解析：選C空后一句“Being you is the only way to truly live”與C項(xiàng)中的“free yourself to be you”相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選C。4解析：選E本段的主題句“Show everyone kindness and respect”與E項(xiàng)中的“a group of people that deserve to be respected”相對(duì)應(yīng)，且由空后的“Treat everyone with the same level of respect . of patience”可知，選E項(xiàng)，說(shuō)明世上沒(méi)有界限或等級(jí)去定義哪一部分人值得尊重，因此你要同等對(duì)待別人。5解析：選A分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處是本段的主題句。根據(jù)下文中的“在大多數(shù)情況下，要改變他們是不可能的”和“不要試圖改變別人，而要給他們支持和榜樣的引領(lǐng)”可知，選A項(xiàng)“接受他們現(xiàn)在的樣子”。.完形填空In the past, boredom was just part of life. You didnt have a phone to _1_ you in the car. You sat in the back seat and stared out of the window. But today, boredom is easy to _2_. You can fill _3_ time with apps, Xboxes and computers.In fact, being bored can get you into real _4_.Boredom can lead to worry (Should I be doing something？). It can lead to bad _5_ (Ill ride my bike down the stairs what could go wrong？). People who are bored may _6_ be more likely to abuse (濫用) alcohol or drugs.According to some experts, however, it turns out boredom can be _7_ for you. Why? It has to do with the _8_，which has two ways of paying attention.The first way of paying attention is what helps you with whats _9_ around you. It helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends. Thats the part of the brain you use _10_ you text, play games and watch TV.The other way of paying attention helps you think about how you _11_. It helps you sort out your feelings about a fight with your brother. It helps you _12_ the joy of baking cookies with your grandma. Thats the part of the brain you use to be _13_，daydream and imagine your future.But these two parts of your brain cant both _14_ at the same time.So what happens if youre always _15_？ Youll only use the first part of your brain. Youll _16_ use the thoughtful part. If this part of your brain doesnt work well, you may not know what you really feel. You can be _17_ of what you really want.Thats why its _18_ to learn to be bored. Being able to do _19_ happily is an important skill. Its something you have to practice, _20_ it will feel much more rewarding (有益的) than computer games.語(yǔ)篇解讀：無(wú)聊時(shí)人們常會(huì)無(wú)所事事，會(huì)陷入到糾結(jié)痛苦中。但科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，事實(shí)并非如此，無(wú)聊也可能對(duì)人體產(chǎn)生益處。1A.educateBsupportChelp Dentertain解析：選D過(guò)去沒(méi)有手機(jī)，無(wú)聊的你坐在車(chē)?yán)餆o(wú)法“娛樂(lè)(entertain)”自己，只能呆呆望著窗外。2A.have BavoidCstart Dforget解析：選B相較于過(guò)去沒(méi)有手機(jī)玩，如今的人們很容易“避免(avoid)”無(wú)聊。3A.long BspareClimited Dlocal解析：選B人們是通過(guò)玩手機(jī)、打游戲來(lái)填補(bǔ)“空閑(spare)”時(shí)間。4A.pain BbusinessCtrouble Dchallenge解析：選C由下文列舉無(wú)聊會(huì)使人煩惱、使一些人酗酒或吸毒可知，處于無(wú)聊狀態(tài)會(huì)讓人陷入真正的“麻煩(trouble)”。5A.situations BconcernsCdecisions Dperformances解析：選C由下文中的例子“Ill ride my bike down the stairs what could go wrong？”可知，無(wú)聊會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們做出糟糕的“決定(decisions)”。6A.just BevenCstill Donly解析：選B“無(wú)聊會(huì)使人煩惱、使人做出糟糕決定”和“人無(wú)聊時(shí)可能會(huì)酗酒或吸毒”之間是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故選even。7A.fit BgoodChard Dsimple解析：選B由however一詞和下文作者通過(guò)科學(xué)的解釋說(shuō)明享受無(wú)聊的重要性可知，無(wú)聊對(duì)人體“有益(good)”。8A.habit BheartCbrain Dlife解析：選C由下文介紹人體集中注意力的兩種方式以及多次出現(xiàn)的brain可知，無(wú)聊與人體的“大腦(brain)”有關(guān)。9A.continuing BdisappearingChiding Dhappening解析：選D由下文的“helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends”可知，大腦集中注意力的一種方式是幫助你應(yīng)對(duì)身邊“正在發(fā)生(happening)”的事，這正是“當(dāng)(when)”你發(fā)短信、玩游戲和看電視時(shí)所用的那部分大腦。10A.when BsinceCbefore Dthough解析：選A解析見(jiàn)上題。11A.react BspeakCfeel Drelax解析：選C由下文的“helps you sort out your feelings”和“helps you _ the joy of .”可知，大腦集中注意力的另一種方式是讓你面對(duì)某事時(shí)思考自己的“感受(feel)”。12A.tell BlearnCexplain Dremember解析：選D“回憶(remember)”與祖母一起烘焙時(shí)的快樂(lè)是大腦思考如何感受的結(jié)果。13A.active BcreativeCattractive Dcompetitive解析：選B由下文的“the thoughtful part”可知，“有創(chuàng)造力(creative)”與做白日夢(mèng)、幻想未來(lái)一樣都是需要大腦進(jìn)行思考的。14A.exist BworkCspread Dmove解析：選B由下文的“Youll only use the first part of your brain . the thoughtful part . doesnt work”可知，大腦用來(lái)管理做事情和思考事情的兩部分不會(huì)同時(shí)“工作(work)”。15A.free BrealCbusy Dnormal解析：選C由上文介紹大腦用來(lái)管理做事情的部分“helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends”可知，這部分大腦會(huì)在人“忙碌(busy)”時(shí)工作，此時(shí)大腦管理思考的那部分是“絕不會(huì)(never)”被使用的。16A.always BeverCnever Donce解析：選C解析見(jiàn)上題。17A.shy BunsureCtired Dcareful解析：選B由上文的“you may not know what you really feel”可知，當(dāng)你不知道你真正的感受時(shí)，也就“不確信(unsure)”你到底想要什么。18A.ordinary BimpossibleCdifficult Dimportant解析：選D由上文作者通過(guò)科學(xué)解釋大腦的不同功能和下文的“an important skill”可知，無(wú)聊時(shí)的思考與大腦管理思考的那部分有關(guān)，因此學(xué)會(huì)無(wú)聊是非?！爸匾?important)”。19A.nothing BsomethingCeverything Danything解析：選A由上文的“l(fā)earn to be bored”可知，能夠開(kāi)心地“什么都不做(nothing)”是一種重要的技能。20A.so BbutCor Dif解析：選B“學(xué)會(huì)開(kāi)心地?zé)o所事事是需要練習(xí)的”和“這比電腦游戲更加有益”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選but。.語(yǔ)法填空Here _1_ (be) some ways to start talking.Find common ground. Anything that the person can relate to and that establishes a connection can _2_ (consider) common ground, such as the weather.Involve the other person. Now that youve established common ground, its time to involve the other person and get him talking by asking him to reveal some information about _3_ (he). Dont ask anything too _4_ (person), like asking about the persons health, religion, or political views. Just keep it light and fun and ask openended questions about the persons interests, job, or _5_ (surrounding)Follow up with a question or a statement. The persons response will influence whether you follow up with a question, a statement, or a joke. Try to find a balance between questions _6_ statements. Too many questions will make the person feel like hes being interrogated (質(zhì)問(wèn)), and too many statements wont give the person room _7_ (talk)Take the time to listen. _8_ (real) listening to things _9_ the person says can make the speaker feel pleased and like to speak more. It also helps you find new common ground and guide the conversation _10_ a more fun or productive direction.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文就怎樣發(fā)起聊天提供了方法。1are設(shè)空處描述的是一般事實(shí)，且由“some ways”可知，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填are。2be considered主語(yǔ)Anything與consider之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且設(shè)空處前面有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，故填be considered。3himself由“get him talking by asking him to reveal some information”可知，設(shè)空處所在句表述的是說(shuō)話者談?wù)撟约旱男畔?，故填himself。4personal由下文的“the persons health, religion, or political views”可知，設(shè)空處表述的是不要問(wèn)太多私人的