牛津深圳版八上：Chapter2newspaperslanguagepoints(共44張PPT).ppt

newspapers,1. Soon after意為“不久之后；稍后”，它既可以是副詞短語，用作時(shí)間狀語，也可以用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 Eg:I rang for a taxi and it arrived soon after. Soon after she graduated from university, she got married.,Language points,2.News意為“消息，新聞” News雖然是以-s結(jié)尾的，但它并不是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，且是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用a或an修飾， 一條消息：a piece of news,3.Publish a newspaper 出版一份報(bào)紙 publish 意為：出版 newspaper 是可數(shù)名詞,4.People n.人們 People指“人”時(shí)，無復(fù)數(shù)形式，總是以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)在句子中；但指“民族”時(shí)，有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分 一個(gè)民族：a people 兩個(gè)民族：two peoples 辨析：people與person People意為“人們”時(shí)，著重全體方面，也可以說some people一些人 Person意為“人們”時(shí)，著重個(gè)體方面，也可以說two persons兩個(gè)人,5. We held a meeting after school. Held的原形是hold，在此意為：舉行 Hold a meeting=have a meeting 他們正在操場(chǎng)上舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。 They are holding a sports meeting on the playground. Hold還有“拿著；屏??；容納”的含義,辨析：hold have 與host (1) have是最常用的一個(gè)，表示進(jìn)行某一活動(dòng) 如： have a meeting開會(huì) have a rest休息一下 have a walk散步,(2) hold 意為：召開，舉行，主語既為承辦者，又為參與者,一般指本單位或團(tuán)體內(nèi)部自主舉行的活動(dòng)。 have a sports meeting (3) host 本意為：主人，在此意為：“做主人”、“主辦”、“做東”，指由多個(gè)單位或團(tuán)體聯(lián)合舉行的某一活動(dòng)交由某一單位具體組織,含有hold的短語： hold on （電話）別掛斷 hold ones breath屏住呼吸 hold out 伸出 Hold up舉起 Hold in壓住，忍耐,6. First, we decided to elect the chief editor. first 首先，表示做事情的第一步，強(qiáng)調(diào)順序. (2) at first 最初，開始的時(shí)候，表示最初的情況，而最后不是這樣。,First還可表示： （1）第一個(gè)人（事物） Eg: the first month of the year He was the first to come. （2）for the first time第一次 Eg：I saw him for the first time. （3）列舉條目，第一 First，;secondly,thirdly,7. decide to do sth決定做某事 = make up ones mind to do sth = make a decision to do sth 8. elect the chief editor選舉主編 Elect sb. to be選舉某人為,9. Tony suggested Joyce. suggest 動(dòng)詞，建議 建議做某事;suggest doing sth 我建議我們一起去逛街。 I suggested us going shopping together.,10. We should choose Joyce, because she has experience. Experience 意為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞。意為“經(jīng)歷”時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。 如：他缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn). He is short of experience. 昨天我又一次非同尋常的經(jīng)歷. I had an unusual experience yesterday.,experience還可以作動(dòng)詞，意為：感受，體驗(yàn)，有的經(jīng)歷 如：你體驗(yàn)過快樂、痛苦和困難嗎？ Have you experienced pleasure, pain and difficulty?,11.Then we all voted her. vote :投票，選舉 vote for：投票贊成 vote against : 投票反對(duì),12. Then Joyce took charge of the meeting. take charge of : 負(fù)責(zé);管理；承辦；掌管 = be responsible for = be in charge of 老師離開教室的時(shí)候誰對(duì)班級(jí)負(fù)責(zé)？ Who is responsible for the class when the teacher leaves the classroom? = Who takes charge of the class when the teacher leaves the classroom?,13. We ought to elect a secretary. ought to 和should的意思相近。我們一般用這兩者來表示做什么事最好或者正確. ought to 也是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面接動(dòng)詞原形，其否定形式是ought not to ,一般疑問句是直接把ought提前， 肯定回答是：Yes, 主語+ought to . 否定回答是：No, 主語+ ought not to,如： 我們不應(yīng)該談?wù)撨@件事. We ought not to discuss it. 我們應(yīng)該現(xiàn)在討論它嗎？ Ought we to discuss it now? 肯定回答：Yes, we ought to. 否定回答; No, we ought not to.,14. She asked for suggestions. ask for : 征求，請(qǐng)求得到. 他正在要錢. She is asking for money. ask sb for sth 向某人要某物. 他過去常常向他的媽媽要錢. He used to ask his mother for money.,Suggestion n.提議，建議（可數(shù)名詞） A suggestion 一個(gè)建議 Some suggestions一些建議,15.The others voted for me.,The others常用來指“其他（人或物），作代詞，所指的人或物是前文中已經(jīng)提到過的。 Other的其他變化形式主要有一下幾種： (1)other通常作形容詞，意為”別的；其他”泛指其他的（人或物） Eg: Do you have any other question (s)? (2)the other特指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)時(shí)，只能用the other，此時(shí)的other作代詞。 Eg: He has two daughters. One is a nurse, and the other is a worker.,The other后可加單數(shù)名詞，也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞 Eg: Mary is much taller than the other girls. (3)others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“另外幾個(gè)；其余的”，可作賓語，主語。 Eg: Some of us like singing and dancing, and others go in for sports. (4)the others意為“其他東西；其余的人”，特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的（人或物）”，是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式 The others=the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 (5)another可作形容詞和代詞，用于三個(gè)或更多的人或物，泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個(gè)”，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。,16 I started taking notes. take notes 記錄，做筆記 You will be responsible for different sections of the paper. section: 在此意為：版面 還有“部分”的意思。,Paper n.紙，論文，報(bào)紙 Paper意為“紙”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，不能用a或an來表示數(shù)量 一張紙：a piece of paper Paper意為“文章，論文書面作業(yè)，考卷”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞。 Eg:請(qǐng)給我兩張紙。 學(xué)生們每天有很多作業(yè)。,17. Talk it over among yourselves. Talk over: 詳細(xì)討論；詳談，相當(dāng)于discuss 介詞between與among的用法及區(qū)別 Between意為“在之間”，一般只指兩者或兩部分之間，或者是由and連接的兩個(gè)人或物；有時(shí)也可用在三者或三者之間，此時(shí)往往表示“三者（或以上）中的兩兩之間 Among意為“在中間”表示在三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物中間，后面通常接集體名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Eg: I saw him among the crowd. Mary sits between Lucy, Jane, Lily and Ben.,18. Then we made a list of some other things to discuss. make a list of 列一張的單子. 他列了一張名單. He made a list of names,19. Should it be free to readers, or should they pay for it? be free to sb 對(duì)是免費(fèi)的 be free還有“自由的”的意思。 這個(gè)博物館對(duì)學(xué)生是免費(fèi)的嗎？ Is this museum free to students? 下周我都有空. I will be free next week.,Pay for意為“付款；購買” 比較spend，cost，take，pay和pay for Spend的主語必須是人，賓語可以是錢、精力或時(shí)間等， Spend money on sth花多少錢買某物 Spend time （in）doing sth花多長時(shí)間做某事 Cost的主語必須是物或事，表示費(fèi)用、耗費(fèi)，側(cè)重于花費(fèi)的代價(jià) Take表示花費(fèi)時(shí)，其主語一般是一件事，它說明事情的完成花費(fèi)了多少時(shí)間 Pay的基本含義是“支付”，作為及物動(dòng)詞，賓語可以是人或錢。 Pay for的賓語是物或事，for表示支付的原因,20.What should we call it?,Call 把叫做；取名，后可接雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu) Call sb. sth.叫某人 Eg: We call her Miss Gao. Call 的其他用法： (1)vi.呼喊，大呼，大聲說 Eg: He called for an hour, but no one heard. (2)vi.拜訪 Call at+地名 訪問某處 call on sb.拜訪某人 (3)vt.打電話 call sb.打電話給某人 (4)n.電話 Give sb. a call 給某人打電話,21. We considered the last question briefly. consider 是“考慮”的意思.后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語作賓語，不能接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。 如：為什么不考慮去紐約參觀參觀呢？ Why not consider visiting New York?,22. We should think about this a bit longer. a bit : 有點(diǎn)兒，一些. a bit 作程度副詞，可置于形容詞、副詞前作狀語，也可作賓語或表語；也可修飾比較級(jí). 等一會(huì)兒：wait a bit. 我感到有點(diǎn)兒口渴。 I feel a bit thirsty.,辨析：a bit 與a little a bit 與a little都可以修飾形容詞、副詞，表示程度，意為：有點(diǎn)兒，這時(shí)二者可以互換。如： 現(xiàn)在我感覺有點(diǎn)兒餓. I feel a bit/ a little angry.,(2) a little 還可以直接修飾不可數(shù)名詞，意為：一點(diǎn)兒。而a bit后面要接of才能接不可數(shù)名詞.如： 桌子上有點(diǎn)兒面包. There is a little bread on the table. = There is a bit of bread on the table.,23.We will make a decision about the name at the next meeting.,Make a decision about意為：對(duì)做出決定 Decision是名詞，意為“決定；決心” Decide是動(dòng)詞，意為“下決心；作決定” 常見的與decision有關(guān)的短語有： Come to/arrive at/reach a decision作出決定 Give a decision for/against判決對(duì)有利/不利 Make a decision決定下來；作出決定；下決心,24 We agreed to conclude the meeting then. agree意為同意,反義詞為:disagree Agree的用法： agree with +某人或表示“意見，看法”的詞。如： He agrees with me.,(2) agree to do sth 同意做某事 我們同意早點(diǎn)兒動(dòng)身. We agreed to start early. (3) agree + that 從句 他同意我是對(duì)的. He agreed that I was right.,(4)agree to +表示“提議”“辦法”“計(jì)劃”的詞 我同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 I agree to the plan. (5)agree on+表示具體協(xié)議的文件、計(jì)劃、行動(dòng)的詞（主語是協(xié)商一件事情的人們或單位） 我們就這個(gè)問題達(dá)成了一致。 We agree on the question. (6)I cant agree more=I completely agree.用于口語中，表示“完全同意”,conclude: 作結(jié)論，結(jié)束 conclusion :名詞，結(jié)束 make a conclusion 做一個(gè)結(jié)論,25.We arranged to have the next meeting in one weeks time. arrange: 安排 arrange to do sth 安排做某事 arrange for sb to do sth.安排某人做某事 In one weeks time=in a week 一周后 “in+一段時(shí)間”中in為介詞，意為“在之后；在時(shí)間內(nèi)”；常用來回答how soon提出的問句。 Eg:-How soon can the clothes be ready? -In three days.,26.I have a problem.,辨析：question與problem Question意義廣泛，多指要求回答的問題 Problem是指較難或有待解決的問題，或是客觀存在的問題。 Eg:Can you answer my questions? This math problem is too difficult for me to work out.,27.Did yo