2012高考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法名詞性從句

1、名詞性從句,1.When we will start is not clear. 2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4.I had no idea that you were her friend.,主語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句,I 名詞性從句的種類,The news that our team has won the match is true. His delay is due to the fact th

2、at the car broke down halfway.,同位語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在名詞fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, doubt, hope, law, knowledge,opinion, suggestion information, plan, 后面, 用以說(shuō)明或解釋前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容.,2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句.,I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea when he did it. I hav

3、e no idea what he did.,注: 1. that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句與that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別: 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的that 無(wú)實(shí)際意義, 不作從句的任何成分, 而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that 從句的某個(gè)成分.,He told me the news that our team won the match. He told me the news that was very exciting. We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school. We are interested in

4、the news that he told us.,語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題,1.The photographs will show you _ （MET89） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,規(guī)律一：名詞性從句在句中要用陳述句語(yǔ)序,在名詞性從句中，關(guān)聯(lián)詞在從句之首，其它部分應(yīng)用_的語(yǔ)序。,陳述句,2.He asked_for a violin.（MET92） A. did I pay

5、 how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid,規(guī)律二：1.從句是陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的，不缺成分，不含有疑問(wèn)意義。由that 引導(dǎo)且that連詞在從句中不作成分,主語(yǔ)從句,同謂語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句that不可以省略,在賓語(yǔ)從句中that 常可省略 That he will come and help us is certain. John said (that) he would attend the meeting. The trouble is that I have forgotten her name.

6、,2.從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)，含有疑問(wèn)意義,不缺成分。由whether，if 引導(dǎo). I worry about whether/if he can pass the exam. The question is whether it is worth doing.,找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律： 1. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet. 2. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. 3. The question is if he himself

7、 will be present at the meeting. 4. He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether he himself will be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,規(guī)律三： whether和if的區(qū)別：,主語(yǔ)從句只能

8、用whether,表語(yǔ)從句中只能用whether,賓語(yǔ)從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用whether,后面跟or(not)或to do連用時(shí)用 whether,3.從句是由特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)，含有疑問(wèn)意義的,缺成分的。由wh-連詞或how引導(dǎo)在從句中作成分。連接代詞what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 Who will go makes no difference. That is whe

9、re he was born. Tell me what he said.,特殊情況： 1.在seem, appear后的表語(yǔ)從句中可接that引導(dǎo)的從句, 而look則不可. 2. 這三個(gè)詞后都可用as if / as though 引導(dǎo)從句. It seems / appears that he was late for the train yesterday. It seems / appears / looks as if we have to go home on foot.,II引導(dǎo)詞的選擇,1. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have.

10、 A.What , what B. What , that C. That , that D. That , what,2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. Awhile Bthat Cif Dfor,3.What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon Awhen Bhow Cwhether Dwhy,4 made the school proud was more than 90% of the s

11、tudents had been admitted to key universities. AWhatbecause BWhatthat CThatwhat DThatbecause,找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律： I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. Everybody considers it impossible which he

12、wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,規(guī)律四：主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,1.主語(yǔ)從句可以用it （作形式主語(yǔ)） 來(lái)替換成以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)。 (A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/ adj. that It is certain that he will come to see me. (B)It is a pity/shame/good id

13、ea/no wonder/ n. that . It is a shame that he didnt pass the exam.,（C）It is said/reported/ believed/ known/ thought/suggested that It is said that Brazil will win in the World Cup. （D）It seems/happens that It seems that he has finished his homework.,2.賓語(yǔ)從句可以用it（作形式賓語(yǔ)） 來(lái)替換的句型為： 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)itadj./n.從句如： I th

14、ink it necessary that we have the meeting,He will believe whatever others say. （不能用no matter what代替whatever） Whatever others say, he will believe it. （可以用no matter what代替whatever）,規(guī)律五：whatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however 等與 no matter what, no matter which, no matter who, no matt

15、er when, no matter where, no matter how 的區(qū)別:前者既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而 no matter 加疑問(wèn)詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。,1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who,2. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. A. How B. Whatever C. Howe

16、ver D. No matter,3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,另外，在名詞性從句的復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中，我們還須特別注意以下問(wèn)題：,填空: The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied,reason 后面的表語(yǔ)從句只能用that 引導(dǎo), 不能用because 引導(dǎo), 但reason后面的定語(yǔ)從句可以用why 或者that 引導(dǎo)。,w

17、hy,that,名詞從句與定語(yǔ)從句的一些對(duì)應(yīng)系： 1. He has done what he can to help me. -He has done _ _ he can to help me. What I want to say has nothing to do with it. -_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.,all that,All that,3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. _ _ breaks the law is to be punished. 4. He w

18、ill give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most. 5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.,Anyone who,anyone who,anyone (whom),6. They will do whatever he wants them to do. They will do _ _he wants the

19、m to do. 7. Ill read whichever book you give me. Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.,anything that,any,that,鞏固練習(xí),1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether,3.Dr. Black comes fro

20、m either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember _. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work AWhat Beverything Csomething Danything,5.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A. why ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because 6.He doesnt think the question _ th

21、ey are men or women is important A. whether B. if C. which D. why,7.I ask her _ come with me. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 8._ he said is true. What B. That C. Which D. Whether,9.Can you tell me _? who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is

22、D. whom is that gentleman 10.He didnt know which room _. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in,11.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 12.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its

23、D. that,13.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 14.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is,15._ you have done might do harm to other people. That B. What C. Whi

24、ch D. This 16.They have no idea at all _. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone,17.They want to know _ do to help us. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 18.These photographs will show you _. what our village looks like B. wha

25、t does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,19.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 20._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. When

26、ever B. If C. Whether D. That,21.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. there B. where C. there where D. where there 22._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,23. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off?

27、A. why B. when C. what D. where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever,25. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 26._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. W

28、hether C. That D. Where 27.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,28._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 29.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. how th

29、ey were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited,30._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 31.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how,32.I

30、t was a matter of _ would take the position. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever 33._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever,34.It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. what ; that B. that ; that C. what ; what D. that ; what 35.Eat _ cake you lik

31、e and leave the others for _ comes in late. any ; who B. every ; whoever C. whichever ; whoever D. either ; whoever,Good-bye!,1. 誤：I dont know if he comes back this month. 2. 誤：I have no idea what had happened when I was away.,正：I dont know if he will come back this month.,正：I have no idea what happ

32、ened when I was away.,3.誤：The reason is because he is ill. 4.誤：Who leaves last turns off the light.,正：The reason is that he is ill.,正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light.,Thank you for attending!,Goodbye,找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律： 4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. 5. My idea is that we mus

33、t do our homework first. 6. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.,We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.,My idea is that we (should) do our homework first.,His proposal that we (should) go there on foot.,規(guī)律五：注意虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用！ (1)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的運(yùn)用。 “wish + 賓語(yǔ)從句”表示不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是就好了”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示將來(lái)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could + 動(dòng)