2024高中英語刷題首秧基礎(chǔ)練能力練Unit2TheUnitedKingdomSectionⅢGrammar含解析新人教版必修5

PAGEPAGE10SectionⅢGrammar對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P19[基礎(chǔ)題]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Iwouldliketohavethewallsofmyhouse________(paint)blue.答案：painted句意：我想讓我房子的墻壁漆成藍(lán)色。havesth.done表示“使/讓某物被做”，thewalls與paint之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補。2．Iheardthesong________(sing)byheryesterday.答案：sung句意：我昨天聽見她唱這首歌了。thesong與sing之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補。3．Idon'twantanybadwords________(say)aboutmyroommates.答案：said句意：我不希望別人說我室友任何壞話。wantsth.(tobe)done為常用結(jié)構(gòu)，用過去分詞作賓語補足語，故填said。4．[2024·江蘇高考]Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage________(hide)withinthework.答案：hidden句意：在藝術(shù)評論中，你必需假定藝術(shù)家在作品中有肯定的隱含信息。設(shè)空處在句中作定語，message與hide之間為被動關(guān)系，且設(shè)空處表示動作已完成，故用過去分詞作后置定語。5．Hefeltproudwithhimself________(devote)tothescientificstudy.答案：devoted句意：他為自己致力于科學(xué)探討而感到驕傲。此處是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。賓語himself與devote之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補。6．Didyouhaveallthepackages________(weigh)?答案：weighed句意：你把全部的包袱都稱重了嗎？havesth.done表示“使/讓某物被做”，packages與weigh之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補。7．“Don'tmakethebaby________(frighten)！”warnedmyfather.答案：frightened句意：我父親警告說：“別嚇著寶寶！”makesth./sb.done結(jié)構(gòu)中，sth.或sb.與動詞do之間是被動關(guān)系，故填frightened。也可以看作是形容詞化的過去分詞作賓補，表賓語的狀態(tài)。8．Withtheproblems________(settle),Ifelthappyandrelaxed.答案：settled句意：問題解決了，我感到輕松開心。由“Ifelthappyandrelaxed”可知，問題已經(jīng)被解決。withsth.done表示“某事被做”，本句中problems和settle之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。9．Johnwasveryhappytoseehismother________(take)goodcareofathome.答案：takenseesb.done表示“望見某人被……”，在本句中，他媽媽是被照看的對象，hismother與takegoodcareof之間是被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞作賓補。10．Takecarenottokeepyourchildren________(expose)tobadbooks,computergamesorwebsites.答案：exposedkeepsth.done表示“使某物保持某種狀態(tài)”，children和expose之間是被動關(guān)系，故設(shè)空處需填過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedooropened.________________________________________________________________________答案：opened→open2．WhenIpassedbyhisroom,Isawhimseatingonthebed.________________________________________________________________________答案：seating→seated3．Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimselfnoticing.________________________________________________________________________答案：noticing→noticed4．Maryfoundherhousebreakintowhenshecameback.________________________________________________________________________答案：break→broken5．Whileplayingbasketball,Iwascarelesstohavemyhandhurting.________________________________________________________________________答案：hurting→hurt6．Parentsprefertochoosenameslinkingtobeautifulthingsandgoodluck.________________________________________________________________________答案：linking→linked7．AndyreceivedaninvitationtoTom'sparty,andwithherworkfinishingshegladlyacceptedit.________________________________________________________________________答案：finishing→finished8．Hepassedaway,leavinghisworksunfinish.________________________________________________________________________答案：unfinish→unfinished9．Hesuddenlynoticedhimselffollowingbyastranger.________________________________________________________________________答案：following→followed10．Thepaperswereingreatneed,sotheworkerskeptthemachinesrunalldaylong.________________________________________________________________________答案：run→runningⅢ.完成句子1．Whenyoutalk,youshould________yourself________.當(dāng)你說話時，你應(yīng)當(dāng)讓別人聽懂。答案：make;understood2．I'msorryto________you________solong.我特別愧疚讓你等了這么長時間。答案：keep;waiting3．Thestudents________theirteachers____________.學(xué)生們發(fā)覺他們的老師很忙。答案：find/found;verybusy4．BeforehecametoLondon,hehadnever________asingleEnglishword________.他來倫敦之前從未聽別人說過一句英語。答案：heard;spoken5．Theyhavethenewtrafficrules________________________________________________________________________________________.他們在電視上已經(jīng)多次說明了新的交通規(guī)則。答案：explainedonTVmanytimes[實力題]Ⅰ.閱讀理解[2024·濟南高三一模]Tea,themosttypicalEnglishdrink,becameestablishedinBritainbecauseoftheinfluenceofaforeignprincess,CatherineofBraganza,thequeenofCharlesⅡ.AsaloverofteasinceherchildhoodinPortugal,shebroughttea-drinkingtotheEnglishroyalcourtandsetatrendforthe_beverageinthe17thcentury.Thefashionsoonspreadbeyondthecircleofthenobilitytothemiddleclasses,andteabecameapopulardrinkattheLondoncoffeehouseswherepeoplemettodobusinessanddiscusseventsoftheday.Manyemployersservedacupofteatotheirworkersinthemiddleofthemorning,thusinventingalastingBritishinstitution,the“teabreak”.However,drinkingteainsocialsettingsoutsidetheworkplacewasbeyondthemeansofthemajorityofBritishpeople.Itcamewithahighpricetagandteawastaxedaswell.Around1800,theseventhDuchessofBedford,AnnaMariaRussell,beganthepopularpracticeof“afternoontea”，aceremonytakingplaceataboutfouro'clock.Untilthen,peopledidnotusuallyeatordrinkanythingbetweenlunchanddinner.Atapproximatelythesametime,theEarlofSandwichpopularizedanewwayofeatingbread—inthinslices,withsomethinglikejamorcucumbersbetweenthem.Beforelong,asmallmealattheendoftheafternoon,involvingteaandsandwiches,becamepartoftheBritishwayoflife.Asteabecamemuchcheaperduringthe19thcentury,itspopularityspreadrightthroughallcornersoftheBritishsociety.Thus,teabecameBritain'sfavoritedrink.Inworking-classhouseholds,itwasservedwiththemainmealoftheday,eatenwhenworkersreturnedhomeafteraday'slabor.Thismealhasbecomeknownas“hightea”.Today,teacanbedrunkatanytimeoftheday,andaccountsforovertwo-fifthsofalldrinksconsumedinBritain—withtheexceptionofwater.eq\x(篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了飲茶習(xí)慣在英國的發(fā)展歷史及其受歡迎的緣由。)1．Whatismainlydiscussedaboutteainthetext?A．ItsdevelopmentinBritain.B．Itstraditionalwaysofdrinking.C．Itsinfluencearoundtheworld.D．ItspopularityinEurope.答案：A主旨大意題。從文章第一段的“inthe17thcentury”“Thefashionsoonspreadbeyondthecircleofthenobility”其次段的“Around1800”“beganthepopularpracticeof‘a(chǎn)fternoontea’”“Britishwayoflife”及第三段的“duringthe19thcentury”“becameBritain'sfavoritedrink”可知，本文主要介紹了飲茶習(xí)慣在英國的發(fā)展歷程。故選A項。2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thebeverage”probablyreferto?A．Teadrinking.B．Asmallmeal.C．Awayofeatingbread.D．Achoiceofdrinks.答案：A詞義揣測題。從文中的“shebroughttea-drinkingtotheEnglishroyalcourtandsetatrendforthebeverage”可知，她把飲茶的習(xí)慣帶到了英國皇室并開啟了英國人飲茶的潮流，故選A項。3．WhywasteaunabletobeacceptedasacommondrinkinBritaininthe17thcentury?A．ItwasmerelyservedinLondon.B．Itwastaxedasanalcoholicdrink.C．Itwasforbiddeninbusinesssettings.D．Itwastooexpensiveformostpeople.答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段最終兩句可知，17世紀(jì)，在英國茶不能作為一種普遍的飲料的緣由是對大多數(shù)英國人來說，它的價格高并被征稅。故選D項。4．Howisthetextorganized?A．Bycauseandeffect.B．Bycomparison.C．Intimeorder.D．Infrequencyorder.答案：C推理推斷題。從文章第一段的“inthe17thcentury”、其次段的“Around1800”及第三段的“duringthe19thcentury”可推知，文章是依據(jù)時間依次來組織的。故選C項。Ⅱ.完形填空Longlongago,thereoncelivedaking.Onedaythekingwenttoamaster,becausehewantedtobecomemorepowerfulthanother__1__kings.Hesatinfrontofthemasterand__2__tellinghimthepurposeofhis__3__.Themasterlistened__4__totheking.Hethentoldthekingtogotothe__5__wherearoseplantandacypress(柏樹)plantweregrowingsidebyside.Hetoldtheking,“Theyareyour__6__.Theycanteachyouwhatyouwantto__7__.”Thekingwentintothegarden,and__8__thetwoplantsbutcouldnot__9__whathecouldlearnfromthem.Hewentbacktothemasterandasked,“Whatdoyou__10__，master?Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”Themastertookthekingtotheplantsand__11__，“Thiscypressplanthasbeennexttotheroseplantforsomanyyears.Neveroncehasitwantedtobecomearoseplant.__12__，theroseplanthasneverwantedtobecomeacypressplant.Ifmanhadbeenthecypressplant,hewouldhave__13__himselfwiththeroseandfeltjealousatthe__14__thatthebeautifulroseplantwasgettingfromallthepeople.__15__，ifmanweretheroseplant,hewouldhave__16__thecypressplantenviouslythinkinghow__17__theplantwaswithoutthe__18__ofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday!Bothoftheplantsgrewverywellbecausethey__19__alltheirenergyfortheirown__20__insteadoftakingadvantageofittocompetewiththeother.”eq\x(篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。一位國王去一位大師那里尋求讓自己比鄰國的國王更強大的方法。大師用花園中毗鄰而生的玫瑰和柏樹作類比告知這位國王：集中全力成長自己而不是到處與人競爭比較，才是強大之道。)1．A.richB．neighboringC．handsomeD．western答案：B依據(jù)語境可知，這位國王想讓自己比鄰國的國王都強大。neighboring“四周的，相鄰的”。故選B。2．A.forgotB．continuedC．suggestedD．started答案：D依據(jù)語境可知，他坐在大師面前起先講解并描述來訪的目的。start“起先”。故選D。3．A.visitB．transportC．studyD．test答案：A句意：他坐在大師面前起先講解并描述來訪的目的。visit“探望”。故選A。4．A.happilyB．a(chǎn)ngrilyC．patientlyD．worriedly答案：C依據(jù)語境可知，大師耐性地傾聽國王的講解并描述。patiently“耐性地”。故選C。5．A.forestB．bankC．gardenD．valley答案：C依據(jù)第三段首句中的“Thekingwentintothegarden”可知，大師讓國王去花園。故選C。6．A.enemiesB．teachersC．familiesD．friends答案：B依據(jù)下文“Theycanteachyou”可知，此處指它們是你的老師。故選B。7．A.learnB．designC．buildD．notice答案：A依據(jù)語境可知，它們能教會您要學(xué)的東西。learn“學(xué)習(xí)”。故選A。8．A.watchedB．sawC．noticedD．heard答案：B依據(jù)語境可知，國王進入花園后，望見了兩株植物。see“望見”。故選B。9．A.provideB．showC．rememberD．understand答案：D依據(jù)下文“Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”可知，國王不明白他能從兩株植物上學(xué)到什么。故選D。10．A.hearB．findC．sayD．mean答案：D句意：大師，您什么意思？mean“意思，意味”，符合語境。故選D。11．A.orderedB．a(chǎn)skedC．explainedD．requested答案：C依據(jù)語境可知，國王不明白他能從兩株植物身上學(xué)到什么，于是大師向他說明。explain“說明”。故選C。12．A.SimilarlyB．FrequentlyC．FinallyD．Luckily答案：A句意：同樣，玫瑰也從沒想過成為一棵柏樹。similarly“同樣地，相像地”。故選A。13．A.coveredB．markedC．comparedD．dressed答案：C依據(jù)下文中的“feltjealous”(感到嫉妒)可知，假如人是那株柏樹的話，他肯定會將自己和玫瑰進行比較，嫉妒玫瑰可以得到人們的留意。compare“比較”。故選C。14．A.packB．a(chǎn)ttentionC．payD．message答案：B此處指嫉妒玫瑰獲得了人們的關(guān)注。attention“留意，留心”。故選B。15．A.BesidesB．HoweverC．OrD．Therefore答案：C此處與上文并列，表示“或者，假如人是那株玫瑰的話……”。故選C。16．A.waitedforB．lookedatC．calledonD．listenedto答案：B句意：假如人是那株玫瑰，他會嫉妒地看著柏樹……，lookat“看著”。故選B。17．A.peacefulB．heavyC．usefulD．poor答案：A依據(jù)語境可知，假如人是那株玫瑰，他會嫉妒地看著柏樹，認(rèn)為柏樹沒有受人們干擾的麻煩，是多么安靜。peaceful“安靜的?！惫蔬xA。18．A.dutyB．mistakeC．troubleD．interest答案：C依據(jù)下文“ofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday”可知，成天被人們打攪是一種麻煩。trouble“麻煩”。故選C。19．A.usedB．lostC．lentD．received答案：A此處指他們把自己全部的力氣用于自己的成長。use“運用”。故選A。20．A.opinionB．funC．victoryD．growth答案：D依據(jù)語境可知，大師告知這位國王，花園中玫瑰和柏樹之所以能健康成長，是因為它們都集中全力成長自己，而不是到處比較。growth“成長”。故選D。Ⅲ.語法填空ManypeoplemaythinktheForbiddenCity,orthePalaceMuseum,is__1__outstandingandold-fashionedmuseum.But,inrecentyears,themuseumhasbeenworkinghard__2__(promote)Chineseculturalheritageamongyoungpeople.Themuseum'sonlinestorenowoffersspecialculturaland__3__(create)products.Forexample,in2014,itstartedtomakeT-shirtsthatlooklikeanemperor'scoat.Italso__4__(sell)earphonesthatlooklikethenecklaceswornbyancientofficials,whichbrought__5__about1billionyuaninsalesin2024,reportedChinaYouthDaily.Lastyear,adocumentary(紀(jì)錄片)__6__(title)MastersinForbiddenCitybecamepopularonline.Thedocumentaryi