中考英語學(xué)霸必刷子母題：第15講 任務(wù)型閱讀題型閱讀填表、還原句子、回答問題等中考考點(diǎn)（原卷版）

解題口訣及母題典例

任務(wù)型閱讀題型高頻考點(diǎn)I實(shí)用解題口訣

考向1:閱讀填表

高頻考點(diǎn)1:橫縱表頭

解題口訣：橫縱表頭

表格式閱讀橫向表頭是中心，主旨看首尾;縱向表頭是結(jié)構(gòu),重點(diǎn)需提煉.

口訣識別

表格式任務(wù)型閱讀中，在表頭位置填空時，用此口訣解題.

口訣解題典例：

Hello,everyone.I'mJillGreen.I*mamiddleschoolstudent.It*snicetomeetyouhere.

First,letmetellyousomethingaboutmyfamily.Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.Theyare

mymother,myfather,mysister,mybrotherandme.

Myfatherisadriver.MymotherisateacherofEnglishatmyschool.Mysisterissixteen

andmybrotherissixteen,too.Theyaretwins.Iamtwelve.Weallenjoywatchingfootba11games.

MyhomeisonWestStreet.Thereisabigtreeandalotofsmalltreesaroundmyhouse.The

bigoneisapeartreeandthesmallonesareappletrees.Buttherearen'tanypearsorapples

ontherm.Thereisaphotoofmyhouse.Inthephoto,youcanseeacatinmyhouse.It'sblack

andwhite.Welikeitverymuch.

Jill's________

Thereare...peoplemherfamily.Theyareherparents,herbrother,hersisterand...

Herfatherisadriver.

People???Hermotheris...Englishteacheratherschool.

Ilerbrotherandsisterarethesame（相同的）..

Children

Theyall...watchingfootballgames.

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)原文首段中的“l(fā)etmetellyousomethingaboutmyfamily”可知，表頭應(yīng)該填family.

解題坑點(diǎn)

常見的概括類表頭詞

原因：reason/cause;方法：way/means/method;觀點(diǎn)：opinion/view

介紹：introduction;舉例：example;種類/類型：types/kinds/sorts

優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)：advantages/disadvantages;建議/提示：advice/suggestion/tip

目的：purpose/aim/goal;影響/結(jié)果：effect/result

問題/解決方法:problem/solution;措施/行動:measure/action

個人信息：age/name/hobbies/personality;tn：conclusion/summary

特性/特點(diǎn)：characteristics/features;相似/不同：similarity/difference

主題/話題：theme/topic/subject;重要性/意義：importance/meaning

母題

（2023?遼寧錦州-統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成短文后的圖表.

Youmayalwayspayattentiontohunger（饑餓）.Hungerhasmanydifferentcauses,according

toDr.MoniqueTello,fromHarvardMedicalSchool.

Thefirstcausemaybeamedicalproblem."Ifapersonalwaysfeelshungryanccan'tput

onweightorevenlosesweight,heshouldgotothehospitai.ForpeoplewithTypeIdiabetes（糖

尿?。?，theirbodyisn'tabletoprocesssugar.Theyeatalot,butstillloseweightandthey

feelterrible."Tellosaid.

Ifitisn'tamedicalcause,theproblemscouldbeinthehead.It*sreasonabletobehungry

everythreetofivehours.However,it'spossibleforyoutoeatoftenandalotafterwatching

foodadvertisementsonTVorsocialmedia（媒體）.Also,themoreyoueat,thelargeryourstomach

gets,andthemoreyouwanttosat.Aperson*sstate（狀態(tài)）ofmindcanplayarole.too.Research

hasshownthatstresscanincreaselevelsofhungerhormones（激素）Pressureandworrydrivepeople

tolookforfoodinthefridgewhentheyJrenotrulyhungry.

AnotherreasonmaybetheIifestyle.Sometimesthereasonwhyapersonisalwayshungryis

thatheeatstoolittle,exercisestoomuch,orboth.

So,howtosolvetheproblem?Thorearcthreewaystosolveit.First,reduce（減少）yourtime

onwatchingfoodadvertisementsonTVandsocialmedia.Inaddition,saynotofoocifyou're

notreallyhungry.Finally,changeyourdietbyeatingmorefoodhighinfiber（纖維），protein（蛋

白質(zhì)）andhealthyfats.

Topic：Payingattentionto]

FactSomepeop1ealwaysfeelhungry.

CausesAmedicalproblev*Eatingalot,butstill2weight.

*WatchingfoodadvertisementsonTVorsocialmedia.

Theproblemsinthe_

*Eatingsomuchfoodthatyourstomachgetslarger.

3____

*Increasinglevelsofhungerhormonesbecauseofstress.

The1ifestyle*Eatingtoolittle,exercisingtoomuch,orboth.

卡Spending5timeonwatchingfood

advertisements.

____4_

*Sayingnotofoodwhenyou'renothungry.

*Changingyourdiet.

【答案】1.hunger2.losing3.head4.Ways5.less

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了饑餓的原因及解決的方法.

1.根據(jù)"Youmayalwayspayattentiontohunger（饑餓）.”可知，你可以注意饑餓.故填hunger.

2.根據(jù)“Ifapersonalwaysfeelshungryandcan'tputonweightorevenlosesweight”可知,

如果一個人總是感到饑餓,不能增加體重,甚至減肥.此處與Eating并列，故填losing.

3.根據(jù)"Ifitisn,tamedicalcause,theproblemscouldbeinthehead.n可知，如果不是醫(yī)學(xué)

原因，問題可能出在頭部.故填head.

4.根據(jù)“So,howtosolvetheproblem?Therearethreewaystosolveit.”可知，介紹解決問題的

方法，故填Ways.

5.根據(jù)"reduce（減少）yourtimeonwatchingfoodadvertisementsonTVandsocialmedia”可知，

減少在電視和社交媒體上看食品廣告的時間，即花費(fèi)更少的時間，故填less.

高頻考點(diǎn)2：畫定抄

解題口訣：畫定抄

畫：畫空前空后關(guān)鍵詞；

定：定位原文；

抄：對比信息、抄寫答案.

口訣識別

在表格式任務(wù)型閱讀中，非縱橫表頭位置出現(xiàn)填空題,用此口訣解題.

口訣解題典例

Hello,everyone.I*mJillGreen.I,mamiddleschoolstudent.It,snicetomeetyouhere.First,

letmetellyousomethingabou：myfamily.Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.Theyaremymother,

myfather,mysister,mybrotherandme.

Myfatherisadriver.MymotherisateacherofEnglishatmyschool.Mysisterissixteen

andmybrotherissixteen,too.Theyaretwins.Iamtwelve.Wcallenjoywatchingfootballgames

MyhomeisonWestStreet.Thereisabigtreeandalotofsmalltreesaroundmyhouse.The

bigoneisapeartreeandthesmallonesareappletrees.Buttherearen'tanypearsorapples

onthem.Thereisaphotoofnyhouse.Inthephoto,youcanseeacatin

myhouse.It,sblackandwhite.Welikeitverymuch.

JilTsfamily

PeopleTherearc__________peopleinherfamily

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)題干畫出關(guān)鍵詞peopleinherfamily,回到原文中定位"Therearcfivepeopleinmyfamily.,z,

可知答案為five.

解題坑點(diǎn)

在表格式任務(wù)型閱讀中，答案并不一定是文中的原文原詞,時常需要對原文信息進(jìn)行同義改寫或歸納整合.

（2023?遼寧錦州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成短文后的思維導(dǎo)圖.

TheDifficultSearchforAmericanProductsintheUS

Ifyougotoanothercountry,whatkindofthingswouldyoubuy?Wouldyoubuyacamerain

Japan,somebeautifulclothesinFrance,orawatchinSwitzerland?Nomatterwhatyoumaybuy,

youmightprobablythinkthoseproductsweremadeinthosecountries.However,youcouldbewrong.

KangJianisa17-year-oldstudentfromShanghai.Lastyearhewenttovisithisauntanduncle

inSanFrancisco.Hefounditinterestingthatsomanyproductsinthelocalshopsweremadein

China."Iwantedtobuyatoycarformycousin,buteventhoughmostofthetoyshadAmerican

brands,theyweremadeinChina.”

ToysarenottheonlythingsmadeinChina."Iwantedtobuyapairofbasketbal1shoes,“

heexplains,“butIhadtovisitfiveorsixstoresbeforefindingapairmadeinAmerica!M

HerealizedthatAmericanscanhardlyavoidbuyingproductsmadeinChina."Infact,“hecontinues,

therearesomanythingsmadeinChina-footballs,handbags,pctfood,mobilephones.Even

AmericanflagsaremadeinChina!nKangJianthinksit,sgreatthatChinaissogoodatmaking

theseeverydaythings.However,hewishesthatinthefutureChinawillalsogetbetteratmaking

high-technologyproductsthatpeoplecanbuyinallpartsoftheworld.

?Who：KangJianTrip

Tr?Where：SanFranciscointheUS

ip?Wanttobuy：atoycarfor6andapairof

basketballshoesforhimself

?HefoundmosttoyswereAmericanbrands,buttheywere

madeinChina.

Difficultsearchfor

7?Hecou1dn*tfindapairofshoesmadeinAmerica.

“MadeintheUS”

8____hevisited5or6stores.

Re

Chinaissogoodatmakingthese9things.

￡son

HoInthefuture,Chinawilldobetterin10

pehigh-technologyproducts.

【答案】6.cousin7.Fact8.until9.everyday10.making

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹中國制造的相關(guān)內(nèi)容.

6.根據(jù)"Iwantedtobuyatoycarformycousin”可知，想給表弟買一輛玩具車，故填cousin.

7.根據(jù)表格右欄介紹可知，是事實(shí),用fact,故填Fact.

8.根據(jù)"butIhadtovisitfiveorsixstoresbeforefindingapairmadeinAmerica”可知，在

去了五六家店才找到一雙美國制造的.not...until”直到...才”，故填until.

9.根據(jù)"KangJianthinksit'sgreatthatChinaissogoodatmakingtheseeverydciythings.w

可知，中國很擅長制造這些日常用品，故填everyday.

10.根據(jù)“hewishesthatinthefutureChinawi11alsogetbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproducts

thatpeoplecanbuyina]1partsoftheworld”可知，希望未來中國在制造人們可以在世界各地買到

的高科技產(chǎn)品方面也能做得更好,故填making.

考向2：閱讀還原

高頻考點(diǎn)3：段落標(biāo)題

解題口訣：段落標(biāo)題段首段尾優(yōu)先讀，高頻詞常入標(biāo)題.

口訣識別

閱讀還原中在一個段落前挖空,需要匹配到體現(xiàn)此段主旨的小標(biāo)題時,可用此口訣解題.

口訣解題典例：

Allowingpetcatstogoojtsideisnotjustbadforbirdsandwildlife,it'salsobadfor

thecatsthemselves.Outdoorcatscangetsickveryeasily.Theyarcindangerfromtrafficand

attacks（攻擊）fromotheranimals.Infact,outdoorcatsusuallydon'tlivepasttheageoffive,

whileindoorcatsoftenlivetobe17orolder.

A.Catscanbringillness.

B.Keepingacatisgoodforyou.

C.Youshouldletyourcatinside.

I）.Goingoutsideisbadforcats.too.

E.ThebirdsarefewerandfewerinAmerica.

E.Catskillmanybirdsandsnailanimalseveryyear.

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)"Allowingpetcatstogooutsideisnotjustbadforbirdsandwildlife,it*salsobadfor

thecatsthemselves.”可知，本段圍繞”讓貓咪外出對它們產(chǎn)生的危害”展開論述，故選D.

解題坑點(diǎn)：

段落首尾句通常不和選擇項(xiàng)完全重合，可能以同義轉(zhuǎn)換的方式出現(xiàn).

母題

（2023?四川雅安?統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后面的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在

答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑.

Thesunisout.Theweatheriscool.It'sagreatdayforrunning.11

Besafe

12Sopayattentiontowhatishappeningaroundyouwhileyourun.Ifyouarerunning

alongaroad,wearlight-coloredclothessothatdriverscanseeyouclearly.

Listentoyourbody

Runningistiringandcanhurt.Butcontinuous（持續(xù)的）painmeanssomethingiswrong.Maybe

youneedLochangethewayyoumovetopullesspressureonceriainjoints（關(guān)節(jié)）.13Having

arestwhennecessarywillhelpyougetbacktorunningassoonaspossible.

14

Pickoutcomfortableshoesthatfityourfeet.Thiswillstopstrain（拉緊）onyourfeet,

legsandback.

Mixitup

Someexpertssuggestdoingotherphysicalactivitiesbesidesrunning.15Bydoing

differentkindsofexercise,youkeepawayinjuries（傷害）causedbyrepeatedactions.

A.Choosegoodshoes

B.Alwaysremembersafetycomesfirst.

C.Ormaybeyouaretootiredandneedadayoff.

D.Thatcouldmeanbiking,swimmingorplayingasport.

E.Butbeforeyoustartrunning,hereissomeadviceforyou.

【答案】11.E12.B13.C14.A15.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹跑步前的一些建議.

11.根據(jù)后文介紹可知，給出跑步前的一些建議，選項(xiàng)E”但在你開始跑步之前，這里有一些建議給你.”符合

語境，故選E.

12.根據(jù)“Besafe"可知,本條是議要注意安全，選項(xiàng)B”永遠(yuǎn)記住安全第一.”符合語境，故選B.

13.根據(jù)“Havingarestwhennecessarywillhelpyougetbacktorunningassoonaspossible.

可知，必要的時候休息一下會幫助你盡快恢復(fù)跑步.選項(xiàng)C”或者你太累了，需要休息一天.”符合語境，故選

C.

14.根據(jù)“Pickoutcomfortableshoesthatfityourfeet.”可知,挑選適合你腳的舒適的鞋子.選項(xiàng)A”

選擇好鞋”符合語境,故選A.

15.根據(jù)“Someexpertssuggestdoingotherphysicalactivitiesbesidesrunning.M可知，一些專

家建議除了跑步外還做其他的體育活動.選項(xiàng)D”這可能意味著騎自行車、游泳或做運(yùn)動.”符合語境，故選

D.

高頻考點(diǎn)4：指代法

解題口訣：代詞指代代詞指代在前方，看人稱、驗(yàn)單復(fù).

口訣識別

選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)代詞，需注意代詞指代,用此口訣解題.

口訣解題典例

Oneday,theemperor（皇帝），QinShiHuang,orderedhissoldierstocapture（俘虜）someyoung

men.HesenttheyoungmentobuildtheGreatWallofChina.

AyoungmannamedFanXiliangdidn，twanttogetcaptured.Hehadnowheretogoanddidn't

knowwheretohide.Whenheheardthesoldierscomingtowards

hiir,hewasterrified（感到恐懼的）.

A.LcidyMengJiangstayedbythewallandkeptcryingdayandnight.

B.Theyfellinlovewitheachother.

C.Heranawayfromhishomeandplannedtohidesomewhere.

D.Itwasamovinglovestory.

E.LadyMengJiangpreparedsonewarmclothesforherhusband.

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)空前"AyoungmannamedFar.Xiliangdidn'twanttogetcaptured.“可知，所填句的主語是ayoung

man,C選項(xiàng)中的He指代ayoungnan,故C.正確.

解題坑點(diǎn)

如果上文中出現(xiàn)多人或者多物,需要分清指代關(guān)系.

（2023?遼寧錦州-統(tǒng)考中考真題）還原句子.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的五個選項(xiàng)中選出能夠填入短文空白

處的最伴詵項(xiàng).

Itis600yearsoldandhasbecomeapopularsnackaroundChina.Youcanbuyiteverymorning

atsmallstreetstalls（攤位）foraround5to10yuaninmostChinesecities.16

Butitiscookedinmanydifferentways.17TheTianjinCateringIndustryAssociation（天

津餐飲行業(yè)協(xié)會）madestandardsforjianbingguozitokeepthetraditionaltasteonMay25,2018.

18Accordingtothenewrules,jianbingguozishouldbemadeofingredients（原料）thatinclude

greenbeanflour（面粉）andeggs.ILshouldbe38Lo40ceuLimeLeisindiameter（直徑）.

19Theyhavepointedoutthateveryonehasdifferenttastesandthatitisuselessto

createthestandardsforfood."ThejianbingguoziwithnostandardistheoneIlikeeating.n

OneSinaWeibouserwrote.

Theassociationhasexplainedthatitdoesn'twanttomakeeveryonecookthesnackthesame

wayeverytime.20Itjustaimstobetterregulate（規(guī)范）thecookingprocess,techniques（做

法）andfoodsafetythanbefore.

A.Itdependsonwhereyoubuyit.

B.Thereasonofmakingstandardsistopassdownthecookingski1Is.

C.Thesnackiscalledjianbingguozi.

D.It'snotitsaim（目標(biāo)）tomakeitstandard.

E.Butsomepeoplearewonderingifit'snecessarytocreatesuchstandards.

【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.E20.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹煎餅果子的新規(guī)范.

16.根據(jù)“Itis600yearsoldandhasbecomeapopularsnackaroundChina.Youcanbuyitevery

morningatsmal1streetsialIs（攤位）foraround5to1（）yuaninmostChinesecities."可知，它

有600年的歷史,在中國已經(jīng)成為一種受歡迎的小吃.在中國大多數(shù)城市，每天早上你都可以在街邊小攤上花

5到10元買到它.此處介紹一種小吃,選項(xiàng)C”這種小吃被稱為煎餅果子.”符合語境,故選C.

17.根據(jù)“Butitiscookedinmanydifferentways.w可知，它有很多不同的烹飪方法，選項(xiàng)A”這取決

于你在哪里買.”符合語境,故選A.

18.根據(jù)“TheTianjinCateringIndustryAssociation（天津餐飲行業(yè)協(xié)會）madestandardsforjianbing

guozitokeepthetraditionaltasteonMay25,2018.”可知，2018年5月25日，天津餐飲行業(yè)協(xié)會制

定了煎餅果子保持傳統(tǒng)味道的標(biāo)準(zhǔn).此處介紹該規(guī)范，選項(xiàng)B”制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的原因是為了傳承烹飪技術(shù).”符合

語境，故選B.

19.根據(jù)“Theyhavepointedou:thateveryonehasdifferenttastesandthatitisuselesstocreate

thestandardsforfood.w可知:他們指出，每個人都有不同的口味，制定食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是沒有用的.所以有些人

認(rèn)為這種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是沒用的，選項(xiàng)E”但一些人懷疑是否有必要制定這樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn).”符合語境，故選E.

20.根據(jù)“Itjustaimstobetterregulate（規(guī)范）thecookingprocess,techniques（做法）andfood

safetythanbefore.w可知，它只是為了更好地規(guī)范烹飪過程、技術(shù)和食品安全.此處介紹的是該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的H

的，選項(xiàng)D”它的目的不是使它成為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)."符合語境,故選D.

高頻考點(diǎn)5:邏輯詞

解題口訣：邏輯詞句意前后有邏輯、注意轉(zhuǎn)折和順序.

口訣識別

閱讀還原中前后文或選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)順序詞或邏輯詞，需根據(jù)順序及邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行判斷,可用此口訣解題.

口訣解題典例

First,exercisecanhelpyourmind.Peoplewhogetplentyofphysicalactivitiesmightworry

lessandsleepbetteratnight.Youmayevenlearnbetterinschool.Physicalactivities

canmakeyourbodystrong.Itcanalsokeepyouatahealthyweight.Buthowcanteensbeencouraged

todomoreexercise?Herearesomegood

suggestions.

A.Second,exercisehelpsyourbody.

B.Stepawayfromthescreen.

C.Exercisewithotherstogether.

D.Exercisehelpsintwoways.

E.Findaspoi't.ynnareinterestedin.

口訣解題答案解析

上文中的“First,exercisecanhelpyourmind.〃和選項(xiàng)中Hl現(xiàn)的"Second,exercisehelpsyour

body.”構(gòu)成第一第二的順序關(guān)系,故選A.

解題坑點(diǎn)

轉(zhuǎn)折和順序是最容易辨認(rèn)的邏輯美系，但除此之外還可能會出現(xiàn)因果、讓步、條件等其他邏輯關(guān)系，需要仔

細(xì)觀察文章上下文來進(jìn)行判斷.

母題

（2023?吉林長春?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Choosingajob一somethingyou'rethinkingofdoingforthe

restofyourworking1ife—isn'talwayseasybutnecessary.Plansforyourfuturejobwi11have

agreatinfluenceonyourwholelife.21

Knowyourselfwell.

It'struethatthingslikepayareimportant,butdon'tletmoneyleadyouinthewrong

direction.Firstly,followyourheartandyourpersonality-ifyou*renotveryoutgoing,don't

goforasalesjob,evenifthepay*sgood.22Ifyoudowellingettingalongwithchildren,

tobeateachermaybeafantasticchoice.

23

Generallyspeaking,peoplegetmoresatisfactionoutcftheirjobsiftheyfeelthayaredoing

soirethingvaluableforothers.Itdoesn'thavetobecharitywork-itcouldbeajobthathelps

otherpeople,likebeingacleaner.Justimaginewhatourcitywouldbelikewithoutcleaners?

Yourfirstdecisionisn'tforever.

Someluckypeoplegetitrightfirsttime-theychooseajob,findtheyloveitandstick

atit.24Soremember-youtreallowedtochangeyourmind!There,snoneedtoletit

worryyouforyears：maybeyou'vegotthreeorfourpossiblethingsyou*dliketodo,socome

toadecisionandtryone—andifyoudon'tlikeit,tryanotherone.

25Thebestpreparationfortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.Remembertobe

responsibleforyourselfwhenyouareyoung.

閱讀短文,把A-E五個句子填入文中空缺處，使短文內(nèi)容完整.

A.Dosomethingofvalue.

B.Butitisn'talwayslikethat.

C.Herearesomesuggestionsforyou.

D.Secondly,thinkaboutwhatyouaregoodat.

E.Makingaclearplanforyearfuturejobismeaningful.

【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.E

【導(dǎo)語】本文就如何選擇工作給出了一些建議.

21.根據(jù)"Knowyourselfwell.n及"Yourfirstdecisionisn*tforever.H可知文中給出了一些建

議,C項(xiàng)”這里有一些建議給你.”符合語境.故選C.

22.根據(jù)“Firstly”可知此處要講其次做什么,D項(xiàng)”其次，想想你擅長什么.”符合語境.故選D.

23.根據(jù)“Generallyspeaking,peoplegetmoresatisfactionoutoftheirjobsiftheyfeelthey

aredoingsomethingvaluableforothers.可知可以做有價值的工作，A項(xiàng)”做一些有價值的事情.”符

合語境.故選A.

24.根據(jù)“Soremember—you'rsallowedtochangeyourmind根可知并非所有人都能一次選對工作,B

項(xiàng)”但情況并非總是如此.”符合語境.故選B.

25.根據(jù)“Th。bestpreparationfortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.”可知此處提到了為明天做

準(zhǔn)備,E項(xiàng)”為你未來的工作制定一個明確的計(jì)劃是有意義的.”符合語境.故選E.

考向3：閱讀回答問題

高頻考點(diǎn)6：特疑回答

任務(wù)型閱讀?問答式閱讀

Why問Because/Todo答Howmany問數(shù)量答

What/Which問名詞/句子答Howmuch問數(shù)量/價格答

Who問人答Howoften問頻率答

When問“介詞+時間”答Howfar問距離答

Where問“介詞+地點(diǎn)”答Howlong問長度/“for+時間段”答

How問Bysth./doing答Howsoon問“in+時間段”答

方法識別

在問答式閱讀理解中，回答特殊疑問句時用此方法解題.

解題典例

Wehavegottwochildren.Jackisseven,andhislittlebrotherNickisfour.They*requite

closeandplayalottogether.Theyquarrelquitealot,too,buttheyenjoyeachother*scompany.

Jackreadswell,buthedien'tstarttoreadforpleasure.Hethinksreadingisonlysomething

youhavetodoatschool.Ithinkthemainproblemis：healwayswatchesTV.Healsolikesplaying

cardsandcomputergamesandridinghisbike.Idon'tlethimrideitonthestreet,butweoften

gotothepark,whereit'ssafer.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下面的問題.

WheredoesJackoftengotoridehisbike?

問答式解題答案解析

根據(jù)口訣"Where問~（介詞+）地點(diǎn)答〃并結(jié)合文中"Idon'tlethimrideitonthestreet,butweoften

gotothepark,whereit'ssafer.”可知,Jack經(jīng)常在公園騎自行車.故答案為"Inthepark.".

解題坑點(diǎn)

注意此類特殊疑問詞提問時的回答規(guī)范,切勿添詞少詞，并在作答前確認(rèn)題目是否有詞數(shù)要求.

母題

（2023?江蘇徐州?中考真題）閱讀短文，回答短文后的五個問題.

nungrovetrees

Before1970,fewlawsprotectedtheenvironment.ThenonApril22thatyear,EarthDaywas

createdtocelebrateourplanet,tellpeopleaboutenvironmentalproblems,andencouragethem

totakeaction.NowEarthDayiscelebratedallaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,

suchasclimate（氣候）change,plasticpollution,anddeforestation（Si:#）.Butwecanmakea

difference.HereisanEarth-helpinghero.

AdelineTiffanieSuwanawastwelvewhenherfamily'shomeflooded.Indonesia,herisland

nationinSouth-eastAsia,isoftenhithardbyfloodsandothernaturaldisasters.

Adelinewantedtohelp.Studyingtheproblem,shelearnedthatmangrovetreesplayanimportant

roleinfloodprotection.Theirbig,tangled（纏結(jié)的）rootsslowfloodwatersandkeepsoilfrom

washingaway.Butthetreesw^rebeingcutdown.

Adelinegatheredherclassmatestoplant200mangroveyoungtreesduringaschoolbreak.They

startedagroupcalledFriendsofNature,whichworkstokeepthearea'sbiodiversity（生物多

樣性），fightagainstclimatechange,andhelppeoplerealizetheimportanceoftheenvironment.

TheyevenstartedaprojecttDgetcleanenergytoremotevillages.

Today,Adelineattendscollege,studyinghowbusinessescanhelptheenvironment.

Remember：everyoneofuscanbeaherofortheenvironment!

注：每題答案不超過5個詞.

26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“ourplanetinParagraph1referto?

27.WhathappenedtoAdeline*shomewhenshewastwelve?

28.HowmanythingsdidAdelineandherclassmatesdotohelpwiththeenvironment?

29.WhatdoesAdelinedonow?

30.Whatisthepropertitleforthepassage?

【答案】26.TheEarth.27.Herfamily*shomeflooded.28.Three.29.Sheisacollege

student.30.AnEarth-helpinghero.

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了一位保護(hù)地球環(huán)境的英雄Adelin。TiffanicSuwana.文章介紹了她為保

護(hù)地球環(huán)境所付出的行動和努力.

26.根據(jù)“ThenonApril22thatyear,EarthDaywascreatedtocelebrateourplanet”可知，人

們創(chuàng)造地球Fl來慶祝我們的星球,劃線部分指代的是地球.故填TheEarth.

27.根據(jù)"AdelineTiffanieSuwanawastwelvewhenherfamily*shomeflooded.v可知，Adelinel2

歲時，她的家被洪水淹沒.故填Herfamily'shomeflooded.

28.根據(jù)“Adelinegatheredherclassmatestoplant200mangroveyoungtrees…Theystartedagroup

calledFriendsofNature…Theyevenstartedaprojecttogetc1eanenergytoremotevillages.

可知,Adeline和同學(xué)們?yōu)楸Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境做了三件事,包括：種植樹木、成立環(huán)境保護(hù)組織、開發(fā)向偏遠(yuǎn)村莊提供

清潔能源的項(xiàng)目.故填Three.

29.根據(jù)“Today,Adelineattendscollege”可知,她現(xiàn)在是一名大學(xué)生.故填Sheisacollegestudent.

30.根據(jù)”據(jù)reisanEarth-helpinghero.”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了一位保護(hù)環(huán)境,拯救地球的英

雄，故AnEarth-helpinghero可作為文章標(biāo)題.故填A(yù)nEarth-helpinghero.

高頻考點(diǎn)7：自擬大意

解題口訣：自擬大意文首文尾優(yōu)先讀.能抄就抄首尾句.不符就得換說法,余段首尾要考慮.全文提煉是挑戰(zhàn),

概括名詞或從句.

口訣識別

題干為"What'sthemainideaofthepassage?，，，，What，sthepassagemainlyabout?z，/，Whatdoesthe

passagemainlytalkabout?”等時,考查文章大意，用此口訣解題.

口訣解題典例

DoyouknowwhatpeopleeatonNewYear,sDay?It'scncofthemostimportantfestivalsall

overtheworld.PeopleintheworldoatsomethingspecialforgoodluckonNewYear*sDay.

InSpain（西班牙）andsomeLatinAmericancountries,peopleeattwelvegrapesatmidnighton

NewYear*sEve.Onegrapemeansgoodluckineachmonthofthecomingnewyear.

Chinesepeopleeatdumplings.Peopleusuallyputsomecoins（硬幣）insidethem.Everyonewants

tofindthecoinandtheythinkitcanbringpeoplegoodluckandmoneyinthecomingnewyear.

Ofcoursetheydon,teatthesoin.

Japanesepeop1eeatnoodlesonNewYear'sEveandtheirbirthdays.11issaidthateating

noodlesmaybringthemgoodluckandlonglife.

What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)首段中的"PeopleintheworldeatsomethingspecialforgoodluckonNewYear*sDay.”以及

下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了不同國家的人們在慶祝新年時會吃什么，結(jié)合解題口訣”要抄就抄首尾句”

可知,此句可作為此題答案.

解題坑點(diǎn)

當(dāng)首尾句中沒有出現(xiàn)可作為主旨句的原文原句時，需要換說法,或用名詞或從句提煉全文主旨，另外注意字

數(shù)限制.

母題

（2023?黑龍江綏化-統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列各題

Youmayknowabout“junkfood”likeFrenchfries.Butdoyouknowabout“junksleep”?

ABritishsurveyshowsthattherearemanyelectronicproductsinteenagers'bedrooms.They

areinfluencingteenagers*sleepbadly.

Thesurveywasdoneamong1,000Britishkidsfrom12to16.Itisfoundthat50%ofthemgot

jusl4Lo7hours'sleepeveryday.ButdocLorssaytheyneed8Lo9hours.

Almost25%ofthekidssaidtheyoftenfellasleepwhiletheywerewatchingTV,listening

tomusicorusingotherelectronicproducts.

“Thisisveryworrying,wsaidDr.Chris,aBritishprofessor（教授），“Wecallit'junk

sleep,.Itmeansyoudon,tgetenoughsleepand