2024-2025學(xué)年廣東省廣州市部分學(xué)校高一下學(xué)期3月月考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1廣東省廣州市部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期3月月考英語(yǔ)試題一、聽力(略)二、語(yǔ)法選擇(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)1.TheoldtownofLijiangstandsinthenorthwestofYunnanprovince,________withelegantgreentrees.A.surrounded B.surroundingC.havingsurrounded D.tobesurrounded【答案】A【詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：麗江古城位于云南西北部，四周綠樹環(huán)繞。TheoldtownofLijiang與surround之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)，用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，故A項(xiàng)正確。2.Wewon’tcontinuetheprojectuntilsomethoroughresearch________.A.willhavebeendone B.hasbeendoneC.willbedone D.hadbeendone【答案】B【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在做了一些徹底的研究之前，我們不會(huì)繼續(xù)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。do和主語(yǔ)research之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又在含有until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，若主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句需用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“研究完成”是“繼續(xù)項(xiàng)目”的前提，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作的完成對(duì)主句動(dòng)作的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。3.Shakespeare’splayHamletintoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.A.hadbeenmade B.wasmadeC.hasbeenmade D.wouldbemade【答案】C【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的幾年里，莎士比亞的戲劇《哈姆雷特》至少被拍成了十部不同的電影。overthepastyears表示的是從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，所以句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；Shakespeare’splayHamlet與謂語(yǔ)make為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此選擇現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。4.AreportonfoodsafetyinBeijing_______onJanuary15th,2018andithasreceivedpositivereviews.A.published B.waspublished C.haspublished D.hasbeenpublished【答案】B【詳析】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2018年1月15日，北京一份關(guān)于食品安全的報(bào)告發(fā)表，受到廣泛好評(píng)。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)January15th,2018可知，此句描述的是過(guò)去的事情，故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；又因publish與主語(yǔ)report之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選B。5.Everypossiblemeans________tosavetheminers________inthemine.A.havetried;sticking B.hasbeentried;stuckC.hasbeentried;sticking D.havebeentried;stuck【答案】B【詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為救被困在礦井里的礦工，所有可能的方法都試過(guò)了。try(嘗試)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)“Everypossiblemeans”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，“every+名詞”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式，故排除A、D兩項(xiàng)；stickinthemine作后置定語(yǔ)，stick(卡住，陷住)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與其邏輯主語(yǔ)theminers之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞stuck表被動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。6.Poorboy!His________looksand________handssuggestedhewasveryafraid.A.frightening;trembling B.frightened;tremblingC.frightening;trembled D.frightened:trembled【答案】B【詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：可憐的孩子！他驚恐的表情和顫抖的雙手表明他非常害怕。frightened“感到害怕的”，用來(lái)描述人或動(dòng)物的情緒狀態(tài)；frightening表示“令人害怕的”，用來(lái)描述事物或情境，而不是人的情緒。在句子中，描述的是“男孩”的情緒狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用形容詞frightened；trembling“顫抖的”，用來(lái)描述正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)；trembled是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，表示“顫抖了”，是一個(gè)動(dòng)作的完成形式。在句子中，描述的是男孩“顫抖的雙手”，這是一個(gè)持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，而不是一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用形容詞trembling。故選B。7.InthelibraryyoucanuseyourowncomputertoconnecttoWi-Fispecially_____forreaders.A.preparing B.toprepareC.prepared D.prepare【答案】C【詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在這個(gè)圖書館，你能用你自己的電腦連接特別為讀者準(zhǔn)備的Wi-Fi。設(shè)空處修飾名詞Wi-Fi，和名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)，故選C。8.WhenIcamein,Isawhim________inachairdeepinthought.A.sat B.seated C.seating D.beingseated【答案】B【詳析】本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解題步驟：1.確定所作成分：前面有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞saw，空格處作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，seat是及物動(dòng)詞“使……就坐”，seesb后面接非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，seat和him是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。結(jié)合句意：當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我看見他坐在椅子上陷入沉思。故選B。9.Withnowater______,theclimbersseemedtohavenochanceof______.A.leaving;survive B.left;survive C.left;survival D.leaving;survival【答案】C【詳析】考查過(guò)去分詞和名詞。由于沒有水，登山者似乎沒有生存的可能性了。分析句子可知，前半部分為“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”作狀語(yǔ)，water和leave之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此第一空應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，第二個(gè)空為介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞形式（survival），故選C。10.Itiscommonlyacknowledgedthat________one’sworkproperlymaybeworsethannotdoingitatall.A.notdoing B.todo C.doing D.nottodo【答案】A【詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為，工作不做好可能比根本不做還要糟糕。A.notdoing不做（動(dòng)名詞的否定形式）；B.todo要做（動(dòng)詞不定式）；C.doing做（動(dòng)名詞）；D.nottodo不做（動(dòng)詞不定式否定形式）。分析可知，所填空為從句的主語(yǔ)部分，同時(shí)結(jié)合后文語(yǔ)境“notdoingitatall”可知，這里將“工作做得不好”與“完全不做”進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，為保持平行結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)是動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)、閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)AWALKINGBACKEverestBlogDay1-AmIMad?Ifirstheardof“ShowRacismtheRedCard”whenafriendaskedmetosignapetition(請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?supportingtheirwork.Basically,it’sanorganizationwhichusesprofessionalfootballerstohelpfightracisminsportandsociety.Ilikedtheidea,soIsigned.Afewweekslater,heaskedmeifIwantedtodoabitmoreforthem.Ithoughtheprobablymeantmakingadonationordoingsomevoluntarywork.Butthenhetoldmethatagroupofabout20peopleweregettingsponsoredtoplaythehighestevergameofrugbyat5,140metresontheslopesofMountEverest.Well,tocutalongstoryshort,tomorrowI’mofftoNepal.Wishmeluck.Day4-UphillalltheWayWe’remakingourwayuptothebasecamp-that’swheremostclimbersstarttheirfinalclimbingtothetop-andthen,we’llplayourgame.There’sonethingI’velearnedprettyquickly.Ifyouwalktoofastathighaltitude(高度),you’llgetreallyshortofbreath.There’snotmuchoxygen,andyouhavetodoeverythingslowly.Todaywestartedoutat8a.m.Wehadtocrossthreesuspensionbridges.Oneofthemwassohighthatyoucouldn’tseethebottom.Thenwewalkedthroughsomebeautifulforestareasbeforewestartedatwo-houruphillhiketoMamcheBazaar.Itwasreallytoughandmostofushadheadacheswhenwearrived.Tomorrowwe’regoingtohavearestday.Ineedone!Day11-TheGameTodayweplayedourgame.Itwassupposedtobea“friendly”game,andlastnight,wehadagreedwe’djustwalkandnotrun.However,itgotcompetitiveandtwoplayerswereevensentoff.Weonlyplayedfor14minutes.Ithinksomeonewouldhavegothurtifwe’dplayedanylonger!MyteamwonandIscoredthelasttry!Ofcourse,noneofthismatters.What’sreallyimportantisthatwediditandwe’veraisedaloadofmoney.Itfeelsamazing.11.Accordingtotheblog,thewriterismostlikelytobe________.A.ajournalist B.afootballplayerC.anexperiencedvolunteer D.aprofessionalmountainclimber12.By“AmIMad?”,thewritermeans________.A.hewillclimbtothetopofMountEverestwithoutanysponsorB.heisreallyangrywiththeracismheseesandfeelsC.hisfriendsdon’tunderstandwhyhegoestoNepalD.hisdecisionistoomuchbeyondexpectation13.Whatdidthewriterdoonhisjourney?________A.Helostthe“friendly”gamebecausehedidn’twanttohurtanyone.B.Hedonatedaloadofmoneytohelpthoseinneedafterthegame.C.Heplayedagame7daysaftertheyarrivedatMamcheBazaar.D.Hehelpedthosewhofeltuncomfortablewhileonthewayuphill.【答案】11.B12.D13.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，作者以日記形式記錄了參與“ShowRacismtheRedCard”組織發(fā)起的在珠穆朗瑪峰斜坡上進(jìn)行橄欖球比賽的經(jīng)歷，涵蓋從決定參與到前往目的地以及最終比賽的全過(guò)程?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day1-AmIMad?部分第一段“Ifirstheardof“ShowRacismtheRedCard”whenafriendaskedmetosignapetition(請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?supportingtheirwork.Basically,it’sanorganizationwhichusesprofessionalfootballerstohelpfightracisminsportandsociety.Ilikedtheidea,soIsigned.(我第一次聽說(shuō)“向種族主義亮紅牌”組織，是在一位朋友讓我在一份支持他們工作的請(qǐng)?jiān)笗虾灻臅r(shí)候。從根本上來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)利用職業(yè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)助力對(duì)抗體育界和社會(huì)中的種族主義的組織。我很喜歡這個(gè)理念，所以就簽了名)”可知，作者因朋友請(qǐng)求為“ShowRacismtheRedCard”組織簽署請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?，此組織借助職業(yè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員對(duì)抗體育和社會(huì)中的種族主義，作者參與其中，因此作者極有可能是足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Day1-AmIMad?部分第二段“Afewweekslater,heaskedmeifIwantedtodoabitmoreforthem.Ithoughtheprobablymeantmakingadonationordoingsomevoluntarywork.Butthenhetoldmethatagroupofabout20peopleweregettingsponsoredtoplaythehighestevergameofrugbyat5,140metresontheslopesofMountEverest.Well,tocutalongstoryshort,tomorrowI’mofftoNepal.Wishmeluck.(幾周后，他問(wèn)我是否愿意為他們多做些事。我以為他可能是指捐款或者做一些志愿工作。但后來(lái)他告訴我，有大約20個(gè)人得到贊助，要在珠穆朗瑪峰5140米的斜坡上進(jìn)行有史以來(lái)海拔最高的一場(chǎng)橄欖球比賽。長(zhǎng)話短說(shuō)，明天我就要去尼泊爾了。祝我好運(yùn))”可知，作者以為朋友可能是讓自己捐款或者做一些志愿工作，之后卻要去參與在珠峰斜坡上進(jìn)行的橄欖球比賽，這一決定大大超出了作者原本的設(shè)想。所以作者發(fā)出“AmIMad?”這樣的感慨，覺得自己的決定太出乎意料。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day4-UphillalltheWay部分最后一句“Thenwewalkedthroughsomebeautifulforestareasbeforewestartedatwo-houruphillhiketoMamcheBazaar.Itwasreallytoughandmostofushadheadacheswhenwearrived.Tomorrowwe’regoingtohavearestday.Ineedone!(然后我們穿過(guò)一些美麗的林區(qū)，之后開始了兩個(gè)小時(shí)的上坡徒步前往曼切集市。這真的很艱難，我們大多數(shù)人到達(dá)時(shí)都頭疼。明天我們要休息一天。我需要休息！)”以及Day11-TheGame部分“Todayweplayedourgame.(今天我們進(jìn)行了比賽)”可知，作者在第四天到達(dá)曼切集市，第十一天進(jìn)行比賽，所以是在到達(dá)曼切集市七天后進(jìn)行了比賽。故選C項(xiàng)。BTheturningpointofmylifewasmydecisiontogiveupapromisingbusinesscareerandstudymusic.Myparents,althoughsympathetic,andsharingmyloveofmusic,disapprovedofitasaprofession.Thiswasunderstandableinviewofthefamilybackground.Mygrandfatherhadtaughtmusicfornearlyfortyyears.Thoughmuchbelovedandrespectedinthecommunity,heearnedbarelyenoughtoprovideforhislargefamily.Asaconsequenceofthisexampleinthefamily,theverymentionofmusicasaprofessioncarriedwithitapictureofariskyexistencewithuncertainfinancialrewards.Myparentsinsistedoncollegeinsteadofamusicschool,andtocollegeIwentquitehappily,asIremember,foralthoughIlovedmyviolinandspentmostofmysparetimepracticing,Ihadmanyotherinterests.Beforemygraduationfromcollege,thefamilymetwithseverefinancialreversesandIfeltitmydutytoleavecollegeandtakeajob.ThuswasIlauncheduponabusinesscareerwhichIalwaysthinkofasthewastedyears.NowIdonotforamomentmeantodisparage(貶低)business.Mywholepointisthatitwasnotforme.Iwentintoitformoney,andasidefromthesatisfactionofbeingabletohelpthefamily,moneyisallIgotoutofit.Itwasnotenough.Ifeltthatlifewaspassingmeby.Icontinuedtomakemoney,andfinally,bitbybit,accumulatedenoughtoenablemetogoabroadtostudymusic.Iresignedfrommypositionand,feelinglikeamanreleasedfromjail,sailedforEurope.Istayedfouryears,workedharderthanIhadeverdreamedofworkingbeforeandenjoyedeveryminuteofit.“Enjoyed”istoomildaword.Iwalkedonair.Ireallylived.IwasafreemanandIwasdoingwhatIlovedtodoandwhatIwasmeanttodo.IfIhadstayedinbusiness,Imightbeacomparativelywealthymantoday,butIdonotbelieveIwouldhavemadeasuccessofliving.Iwouldhavegivenupallthoseinnersatisfactionsthatmoneycanneverbuy.14.Thewriter’sparentsdidn’twanthimtotakeamusiccareermainlybecause________.A.thewriterdidn’tshowmuchtalentinplayingmusicB.collegewasamuchbetteroptionthanamusicschoolC.itseemedanunstableandfinancially-challengedprofessionD.thelivingconditionsofthewriter’sparentsweren’tgoodenough15.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthewriter’sexperienceofcollege?A.ThewriterenjoyedthefruitfulcollegelifeB.Thewriterdroppedoutbeforegraduation.C.Thewriterkeptplayingtheviolineveryday.D.Thewriterwenttocollegeunwillingly.16.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceIwalkedonair.inParagraph3mean?A.Iwasinterviewedbyabroadcaster. B.Mymusicwasaliveonbroadcast.C.Ifeltveryrelaxedindeed. D.Iwasextremelyexcited.17.Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?A.Beingabletodowhatonelovesisthebestkindoflife.B.Asuccessoflivingdependsonone’sadaptiontolife.C.Oneshouldthinktwicebeforehe/shemakesadecision.D.Upsanddownsmakeoneevenstronger.【答案】14.C15.B16.D17.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者放棄商業(yè)生涯，選擇音樂(lè)之路的人生經(jīng)歷?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Myparents,althoughsympathetic,andsharingmyloveofmusic,disapprovedofitasaprofession.Thiswasunderstandableinviewofthefamilybackground.Mygrandfatherhadtaughtmusicfornearlyfortyyears.Thoughmuchbelovedandrespectedinthecommunity,heearnedbarelyenoughtoprovideforhislargefamily.Asaconsequenceofthisexampleinthefamily,theverymentionofmusicasaprofessioncarriedwithitapictureofariskyexistencewithuncertainfinancialrewards.(我的父母雖然同情我，也和我一樣熱愛音樂(lè)，但不贊成我把音樂(lè)當(dāng)作職業(yè)?？紤]到家庭背景，這是可以理解的。我的祖父教了近四十年的音樂(lè)。雖然他在社區(qū)里深受愛戴和尊敬，但他掙的錢幾乎不夠養(yǎng)活他的大家庭。由于家庭中的這個(gè)例子，一提到把音樂(lè)當(dāng)作職業(yè)，就會(huì)讓人聯(lián)想到一種充滿風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)不確定的生活)”可知，作者的父母不想讓他從事音樂(lè)事業(yè)主要是因?yàn)橐魳?lè)職業(yè)似乎是一個(gè)不穩(wěn)定且經(jīng)濟(jì)上充滿挑戰(zhàn)的職業(yè)。故選C。【15題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Beforemygraduationfromcollege,thefamilymetwithseverefinancialreversesandIfeltitmydutytoleavecollegeandtakeajob.(在我大學(xué)畢業(yè)之前，家里遭遇了嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)逆境，我覺得自己有責(zé)任離開大學(xué)去找工作)”可知，作者在畢業(yè)前退學(xué)了。故選B?！?6題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Istayedfouryears,workedharderthanIhadeverdreamedofworkingbeforeandenjoyedeveryminuteofit.“Enjoyed”istoomildaword.Iwalkedonair.Ireallylived.IwasafreemanandIwasdoingwhatIlovedtodoandwhatIwasmeanttodo.(我在那里待了四年，工作得比以往任何時(shí)候都要努力，每一分鐘都很享受?！跋硎堋边@個(gè)詞太溫和了。Iwalkedonair.。我真正地活著。我是個(gè)自由的人，我在做我喜歡做的事，也是我應(yīng)該做的事)”可知，作者對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)這件事情不僅是享受的，而且從作者表明“享受”這個(gè)詞太溫柔。由此可知，Iwalkedonair表示“我非常興奮”。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“IfIhadstayedinbusiness,Imightbeacomparativelywealthymantoday,butIdonotbelieveIwouldhavemadeasuccessofliving.Iwouldhavegivenupallthoseinnersatisfactionsthatmoneycanneverbuy.(如果我繼續(xù)經(jīng)商，我今天可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)相對(duì)富有的人，但我不相信我會(huì)過(guò)上成功的生活。我會(huì)放棄所有那些金錢永遠(yuǎn)買不到的內(nèi)心滿足)”可推測(cè)出，作者認(rèn)為能夠做自己喜歡的事是最好的生活。故選A。CThenextbigstage,theimprovementfromautomatictotrulyautonomoustrains,isalreadyhere.Itwilltaketrainautonomytothenextlevel,beyondtheautomatedperformanceonclosedloops(圈；環(huán))suchasautomaticraillinestodayandontothevastexpanseofinternationalrailways.Thatwillmeanthatthenextgenerationoftrainswillbeabletolocatethemselvesintheirenvironmentandinteractwithothertraintrafficwithouthumanassistance.Theywillhavetheabilitytodetectandmanageontheirownallelementsoftheirenvironment,designedbyaconnectedtrafficmanagementsystem.Thetransitiontowardtrainautonomyisspeeding,saysKaiTaylor,ThalesMarketing&CommunicationsDirectorMainLineRailSignalling,andareasonforthatcanbesummedupinoneword:digitalisation.“Thekeytosuccess”,saysKaiTaylor,“isinfactwhatisin‘theThalesDNA’—thedigitaltechnologiesacrossThalesbusinessunits-aerospace,space,transportation,defenceandsecurity”.“Thesetechnologiesrepresentthepiecesofthepuzzletoachieverealtrainautonomy.Theyareartificialintelligence,bigdata,connectivity,includingtheinternetofthingslinkingtrainstointelligentrailwayswitches,andwithnetsecuritybuiltin.Wehavesensorsforobstacle(障礙)detectionfromThalesdefence,safeandprecisesatellitepositioningfromourspaceandavionics(航空電子設(shè)備)division,cybersecurityfromtheThalessecuritysectorandthetrustedexplainableandapprovableartificialintelligenceledbyThalesforsafedecisions.Takentogether,theywillprovidethetrainwithtrueautonomyforsafeandefficientoperations”O(jiān)fcourse,allthesetechnologiesareatthebaseoftheThalesgroundandairtransportationsector’scurrentofferingsforefficient,safeandreliabletravelintheairorontheground.KaiTaylorexplains,“We’reuniqueinhavingtheexperienceandtheexpertiseinallaspectsofmobility,includingThalesgloballeadershipinairandtrainmanagementsystemswhichareassuringrailandairtravelforairlinesandrailoperatorsallovertheworld.”18.Whatwilltrulyautonomoustrainsdo?A.Carryouttheautomatedperformanceonclosedloops.B.Communicatewithothertrainswiththehelpofhumans.C.Examineanddealwiththesituationsofthesurroundings.D.Travelautomaticallywithgreatspeedsusingsolarpowers.19.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theirenvironment. B.Thetransition’speeding.C.Humanassistance. D.Theabilitytolocatethemselves.20.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellus?A.Howdigitalisationworksinrealtrainautonomy.B.Whatsensorsontheautonomoustrainsdealwith.C.Whatwillguaranteethetrain’ssmoothoperations.D.Howobstaclesareremovedfromthepathsoftrains.21.What’sKaiTaylor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofautonomoustrains?A.Indifferent. B.Concerned. C.Critical. D.Confident.【答案】18.C19.B20.A21.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了列車由自動(dòng)向自主發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theywillhavetheabilitytodetectandmanageontheirownallelementsoftheirenvironment,designedbyaconnectedtrafficmanagementsystem.(經(jīng)關(guān)聯(lián)交通管理系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，自主運(yùn)行列車能夠獨(dú)立檢測(cè)與處理全部環(huán)境因素。)”可知，自主運(yùn)行列車可以獨(dú)立檢測(cè)和處理環(huán)境因素。故選C。【19題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合指代關(guān)系和上文“Thetransitiontowardtrainautonomyisspeeding(列車自主化的變革正在加快腳步)”可知，列車自主化的變革速度原因可以用一個(gè)詞來(lái)概括：數(shù)字化。此處that指代的是上文提到的“列車自主化的變革速度”。故選B?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全段，結(jié)合首句中的“Thesetechnologiesrepresentthepiecesofthepuzzletoachieverealtrainautonomy.(這些技術(shù)代表了實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的列車自主的拼圖的一部分。)”可知，全段講述了諸如物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、障礙物檢測(cè)傳感器、衛(wèi)星定位、人工智能等數(shù)字化技術(shù)在自主運(yùn)行列車上的運(yùn)用。所以本段告訴我們數(shù)字化如何在真正的列車自動(dòng)駕駛中發(fā)揮作用。故選A。【21題詳析】推理判斷題。文章最后一段講述了凱·泰勒對(duì)自主運(yùn)行列車的看法，其中由“We’reuniqueinhavingtheexperienceandtheexpertiseinallaspectsofmobility(我們?cè)诟鞣矫娴牧鲃?dòng)性具有獨(dú)到的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與專業(yè)知識(shí))”可知，凱·泰勒表示他們具備獨(dú)一無(wú)二的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與專業(yè)知識(shí)，說(shuō)明他對(duì)自主運(yùn)行列車是非常有信心的。故選D。DIusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessence(本質(zhì))ofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.Wordswereeverything.Thatbeliefchanged.Inanordinarymathclass,myteacherposedasimplequestion:What’s0.99roundedtothenearestwholenumber?Easy.Whenroundedtothenearestwholenumber,0.99=1.Somehow,Ithoughteventhough0.99isonly0.01awayfrom1,there’sstilla0.01difference.Thatmeanseveniftwothingsareonlyalittledifferent,theyarestilldifferent,sodoesn’tthatmakethemcompletelydifferent?Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999…repeatingitselfwithouteverending.Therewassomethingmysteriousbutattractiveabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.Lyinginbed,Ithoughtabouthowmuchtheequationparalleledourexistence.Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.Therightsidemeansatimeandspacefulloflimitlesspossibilities,andendlessopportunitiesintotheopenfuture.Sothat’swhatlifeis.Objectivebutimaginative.Unchangeablebutlimitless.Lifeisanequationwithtwosidesthatbalancesitselfout.Still,wecan’tevertrulyseemtoputtheperfectwordstoit.Sopossiblynumberscanexpressideasasequallywellaswordscan.Fornow,let’sleaveitatthat:1=0.99999…andlivealifelikeit.22.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutwordsinparagraph1?A.Theirwidevariety. B.Theirliteraryorigins.C.Theirdifferentsounds. D.Theirexpressivepower.23.Whatmadetheauthorfindtheequationattractive?A.Therepetitionofanumber. B.Thedifferencebetweenthetwonumbers.C.Thequestiontheteacherraised. D.Thewaytwodifferentnumbersareequal.24.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“paralleled”inparagraph6?A.Measured. B.Mirrored. C.Composed. D.Influenced.25.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePerfectEquation. B.NumbersBuildEquations.C.AnAttractiveQuestion. D.WordsOutperformNumbers.【答案】22.D23.D24.B25.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者在數(shù)學(xué)課上學(xué)了一個(gè)等式后的一些感悟?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessence(本質(zhì))ofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.Wordswereeverything.(我曾經(jīng)相信，只有語(yǔ)言才能捕捉到人類靈魂的本質(zhì)。文學(xué)作品包含了如此獨(dú)特的故事，它們塑造了我們看待世界的方式。文字構(gòu)成了我們?cè)噲D揭示的問(wèn)題，以及這些問(wèn)題本身的答案)”可推知，在第一段作者主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)力量，故選D。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutattractiveabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(這個(gè)方程式神秘而迷人。左邊是不變的、客觀的：里面有一個(gè)沒有盡頭的數(shù)字。右邊是無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的東西，數(shù)字無(wú)限重復(fù)。然而，不知怎么的，這兩個(gè)相反的東西被一個(gè)等號(hào)連接起來(lái)了)”可知，作者覺得這個(gè)等式很迷人，因?yàn)閿?shù)字雖然不同，但是卻被等號(hào)連接起來(lái)了。由此可知，讓作者覺得這個(gè)等式迷人的是兩個(gè)不同的數(shù)相等的方式。故選D?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.(等式的左邊表示有時(shí)候生命本身是如此的不可改變，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具體整數(shù)。但是生與死之間有一段距離)”可知，作者躺在床上思考的是這個(gè)等式與我們的存在是多么相似，劃線詞paralleled的意思是“與……十分相似”，和mirrored意思相近，故選B。【25題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第四段“Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999…repeatingitselfwithouteverending.(我的老師給出了另一個(gè)等式：1=0.9，也可以表示為1=0.99999…不斷重復(fù)，沒有盡頭)”和第五段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutattractiveabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(這個(gè)方程式神秘而迷人。左邊是不變的、客觀的：里面有一個(gè)沒有盡頭的數(shù)字。右邊是無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的東西，數(shù)字無(wú)限重復(fù)。然而，不知怎么的，這兩個(gè)相反的東西被一個(gè)等號(hào)連接起來(lái)了)”可知，本文主要講的是作者在數(shù)學(xué)課上學(xué)了一個(gè)等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題是A選項(xiàng)“ThePerfectEquation(完美的等式)”。故選A。第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)Therearefrequentreportsontheneedofvolunteersinsomanydifferentcharitableorganizations．___26___Thereareactuallymanywaystofindopportunitiestohelpothers．Whenapersonislookingforvolunteeropportunitiesanddoesn’tcarewherehevolunteers，agoodplacetolookforjobsisthroughlocalvolunteercenters．Thesecentersmayhavelists，muchlikeclassifiedads，requestingvolunteersinavarietyoffields．Itcanhelptochooseavolunteerpositionthatwilltakeadvantageofworkorlifeexperience．___27___Otheremployersandcompaniesmaynotbethatpickyandarewillingtotakeonanyonewhohasenthusiasmforthework．Sometimespeoplewanttobecomeavolunteerinaspecifictypeofwork．___28___Thebestroutemaybetocontactthesefacilitiesandfindoutwhatavailablevolunteerprogramstheyhave．Someprogramsmayrequirejobapplicationsandtraining，andthistrainingisn’talwaysfree．Lookingaroundatafewprogramscanhelppeoplefindtheonesthatdon’tchargefortraining．___29___Schoolsmayadditionallyhavevolunteerjoblistingsthatcanhelppeoplebecomeavolunteer．Sometimeslistingsforjobsareexclusive(獨(dú)有的)totheschoolandpeoplemayfindworkastutorsoradministrativeassistants．Itisn’talwaysnecessarytolookatnon-profitcompaniestofindvolunteeropportunities．Plentyofindividualsandfor-profitcompaniesmaybenefitfromvolunteers’helptoo．Avolunteerbabysitterorsomeonewhohelpsaneighborwiththehouseworkcanmakeabigdifferenceinacommunity．Volunteeringdoesn’thavetobeafull-timecommitment．___30___A.Differentorganizationshavedifferentwaystoattractvolunteers．B.Theymaywanttohelpatananimalshelterorworkinahospital．C.Manyschoolsnowhavecommunityservicerequirementsforstudents．D.Itmaybeanoccasionalthingthatpromotesgoodfeelingsbetweenneighbors．E.Manypeoplewillgivemoretimeiftheyseethebenefitoftheirvolunteerwork．F.Butpeopledon’tknowhowtostartsometimesiftheywanttobecomeavolunteer．G.Somevolunteerpositionsdorequirethatapplicantshavecertainexperiencebeforetheyarehired．【答案】26.F27.G28.B29.C30.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹有很多方法使自己成為一名志愿者?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前句Therearefrequentreportsontheneedofvolunteersinsomanydifferentcharitableorganizations.（在許多不同的慈善組織中，經(jīng)常有關(guān)于志愿者需求的報(bào)道。）和后句Thereareactuallymanywaystofindopportunitiestohelpothers.（實(shí)際上有很多方法可以找到機(jī)會(huì)去幫助別人。）可知，這里為承上啟下句，如果他們想成為一個(gè)志愿者，但有時(shí)人們不知道如何開始。故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前句Itcanhelptochooseavolunteerpositionthatwilltakeadvantageofworkorlifeexperience.中的關(guān)鍵詞workorlifeexperience（工作或生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)），可知，一些志愿者職位要求申請(qǐng)者有一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)才能被雇傭。故選G。【28題詳析】根據(jù)前句Sometimespeoplewanttobecomeavolunteerinaspecifictypeofwork.（有時(shí)，人們想要成為特定類型工作的志愿者。）可知，動(dòng)物收容所或醫(yī)院是一些特定的場(chǎng)所。故選B。【29題詳析】根據(jù)后句Schoolsmayadditionallyhavevolunteerjoblistingsthatcanhelppeoplebecomeavolunteer.（此外，學(xué)?？赡苓€會(huì)提供志愿工作清單，幫助人們成為一名志愿者。）可知，許多學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在對(duì)學(xué)生有社區(qū)服務(wù)的要求。故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前兩句Avolunteerbabysitterorsomeonewhohelpsaneighborwiththehouseworkcanmakeabigdifferenceinacommunity．Volunteeringdoesn’thavetobeafull-timecommitment．可知，自愿做保姆或幫助鄰居做家務(wù)的人可以在一個(gè)社區(qū)有很大影響，能夠增進(jìn)鄰居間的好感。故選D。四、完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Mylong-distancecyclingcareerof13yearsand35,000kilometresendedasIapproached75.AlthoughIamnownolongerstrongenoughto____31____thelongdaysandbigclimbs,dayinanddayout,Ihavemymemories.Theroadbehindisjustmemories,somesoontobeforgotten,otherstobe____32____andenhancedwiththeretelling.A6000-kilometrecross-countryrideinitiallyappears____33____,but,oncedone,itissimplydone,muchlikethechallengesthatlife____34____.Real____35____wouldcomewhenIwasaloneonmybicycle.Ienjoyedmeetingandeven____36____thedailytargetsIhadsetformyself.Ienjoyedthetechnicalchallengesfacedbytireburstsandloosehandlebars,but____37____notatthattime.Ilovedcyclingwithastrongtailwindpushingmealongandhated____38____intoastrongheadwind.Ilovedstrikingupconversationswithadiversityofpeopleandsincerelyappreciatedthesupportandcomfortthey____39____.Longdistancecyclingbringsunbearableexhaustion,longhoursofanxiety,evenfearanddesperation,butthese_____40_____intoinsignificance,comparedtothejoyand_____41_____ofclimbinghugemountainsorseeingfantasticsightsforthefirsttime.Theexperiencesaddnewnessand_____42_____tomylifeandthememoriesare_____43_____.Mostimportantly,cyclingtaughtmetoknowmyselfbetter.IteventuallydawnedonmethatIhadmore_____44_____andcouragethanIeverimagined.Theself-awarenessandlong-lastingmemorieswillgivemeenormous_____45_____asIcarryonmylifejourney.31.A.appreciate B.choose C.expect D.stand32.A.treasured B.explored C.created D.discussed33.A.boring B.annoying C.confusing D.discouraging34.A.overcomes B.greets C.throws D.ignores35.A.loneliness B.joy C.convenience D.panic36.A.making B.changing C.beating D.finalizing37.A.reasonably B.admittedly C.fortunately D.hopefully38.A.battling B.slipping C.falling D.wandering39.A.owned B.offered C.mentioned D.promised40.A.fit B.pale C.run D.back41.A.reflection B.anticipation C.satisfaction D.motivation42.A.secrets B.rules C.decisions D.dimensions43.A.reliable B.flexible C.inaccessible D.unforgettable44.A.toughness B.curiosity C.imagination D.wisdom45.A.insight B.knowledge C.power D.admiration【答案】31.D32.A33.D34.C35.B36.C37.B38.A39.B40.B41.C42.D43.D44.A45.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章作者回顧了自己長(zhǎng)達(dá)13年的遠(yuǎn)程騎行生涯，講述了騎行過(guò)程中的各種經(jīng)歷、感受以及騎行對(duì)作者自身的影響?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我現(xiàn)在再也沒有足夠的體力去忍受漫長(zhǎng)的日子以及艱難的山路攀爬，日復(fù)一日，但我擁有的是滿滿的回憶。A.appreciate欣賞、感激；B.choose選擇；C.expect期待；D