2025屆福建省廈門市高中畢業(yè)班第3次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1福建省廈門市2025屆高中畢業(yè)班第3次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAsanaffiliate(附屬隊)oftheNewYorkMets,afamousMajorLeagueBaseball(MLB)team,theSyracuseMetsservesasacrucialsteppingstoneforplayersaimingtoreachtheMajorLeagues.Ifyou’reafanofbaseballorplayerdevelopment,theirgamesareagreatwaytoseerisingstarsinaction!WhattoExpectatSyracuseMetsGames●ExcitinggamesfeaturingpromisingplayersontheirwaytoMLB.●Funpromotionssuchasthemenights,fireworks,andspecialgiveaways.●Family-friendlyatmosphere,withgreatfood,drinks,andseatingoffered.SyracuseMetsHomeGamesTuesday,1April-Sunday,21September2025NBTBankStadium,Syracuse,NewYorkTicketsTicketTypePriceDescriptionDugoutBox$25NearthefrontofthefieldwithacloserviewOutfieldBox$20FrontsectionoftheoutfieldwithanopenviewUpperReserved$18Uppersectionsofthestadium4-TopTable$150Four-persontablewithmorespaceandcomfortNotesSeniors(62+)andkids(12&under)geta$4discountonUpperReservedseats.Tableseatsoffertableserviceforfoodanddrinks.KnowbeforeyoubuyIfagameispostponedorrescheduledduetoweatherorotherreasons,yourticketwillbevalidforthenewdate.Ifagameiscanceledandnotrescheduled,wewillautomaticallyprocessrefunds(退款).Ifagameoccursasscheduledandtheticketholdercannotattend,refundsarenotoffered.YoucanchangeyourticketanduseitforanySyracuseMetsHomeGamewithin1yearoftheoriginallyscheduledeventtheticketwaspurchasedfor.1.WhatcanbeanticipatedatSyracuseMetsGames?A.MeetingMLBstarplayers. B.Enjoyingfreefoodanddrinks.C.Witnessingemergingathletes’growth. D.Receivingfamily-friendlygiveaways.2.Whichtickettypechargesthemost?A.DugoutBox. B.OutfieldBox.C.UpperReserved. D.4-TopTable.3.Whatwillhappentoticketholdersifagameisdelayed?A.Theyneedtopayfornewtickets.B.Theywouldgetrefundsautomatically.C.Theycanusetheticketsforthenewdate.D.Theycouldreselltheticketswithinoneyear.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了SyracuseMets球隊比賽的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhattoExpectatSyracuseMetsGames部分中“ExcitinggamesfeaturingpromisingplayersontheirwaytoMLB.(精彩的比賽，有前途的球員正在前往MLB的路上)”可知，在SyracuseMets的比賽中可以見證新興運動員的成長。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tickets部分“DugoutBox$25(內(nèi)野前排座位25美元)”；“OutfieldBox$20(外野前排座位20美元)”；“UpperReserved$18(上層預(yù)留座位18美元)”；“4-TopTable$150(四人桌座位150美元)”可知，4-TopTable的票價是150美元，人均37.5美元，是所有票型中價格最高的。所以“4-TopTable.(四人桌座位)”是收費最高的票型。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Knowbeforeyoubuy部分中“Ifagameispostponedorrescheduledduetoweatherorotherreasons,yourticketwillbevalidforthenewdate.(如果比賽因天氣或其他原因被推遲或重新安排，您的門票在新的日期仍然有效)”可知，如果比賽推遲，持票者可以在新的日期使用門票。故選C。BEight-year-oldS.HarirajisaFoldscopedevotee.He’susedittoexaminethemilkfromhisfamily’scows.Thoughthemilklookscreamy,theFoldscoperevealsaworldofmicroorganisms.“Ithastobeboiledandcooledbeforewecandrinkit,”herealized.Thisincredibledeviceisnoordinarymicroscope.Madefromwaterproof,tear-resistantpaper,itcomesinasmallbagwithpartsthatcanbeattachedinminutes.Magnets(磁鐵)holdittogether,andatinylens(透鏡)allowsittoenlargeobjectsupto140times.Oncebuilt,it’snolargerthanabookmark,smallenoughtoslipintoapocket.Andthebestpart?Itcostsjust$2toproduce,andmillionsofchildreninlow-incomecountriesgetthemforfree.TheideafortheFoldscopebeganwithManuPrakash,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,whogrewupinIndia.Asasixthgrader,heandhisclassmatesfailedtodrawamicroscopeinatest-noneofthemhadeverseenone.Microscopeswereexpensive,andnotallschoolscouldaffordawell-equippedlab.“Thespiritofexplorationwascriticaltothestudyofscience,”saysPrakash.“Butinordertodevelopthatspirit,youneedtherighttools.”Determinedtochangethesituation,Prakashspentyearsexperimenting,evenborrowinglensesfromhisbrother’sglasses.In2014,heandhisPh.D.studentfinallydevelopedtheFoldscope,usingpaper-foldingtechniquestocreateanalternativetotraditionalmicroscopes.YoungHarirajencounteredtheFoldscopeatEdenSchoolinsouthernIndia,whereithastransformedsciencelessons.Childreneagerlyrushoutdoors,searchingforants,flowers,andleavestoexamine.“IjustlovethelookofamazementwhenkidslookintotheFoldscope,”saysIndiraPandiarajan,theschoolprincipal.“Whentheireyeslightup,Iknowthat’sthemomenttheywillacceptscienceenthusiasticallyandlearningfortherestoftheirlives.”4.WhydoestheauthormentionHarirajinparagraph1?A.Tointroducehishobby. B.Todescribehisfamilylife.C.Toexplainmilk’scomponents. D.ToshowFoldscope’spracticaluse.5.WhatisafeatureoftheFoldscopeaccordingtothetext?A.Itisuser-friendly. B.Itismagnetic-resistant.C.Itisintendedforbooklovers. D.Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructions.6.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Theimportanceofscientifictools.B.Thechallengeofstudyingscience.C.Theimpactoftechnicalcooperation.D.Thecreationofanaffordablemicroscope.7.WhichstatementwouldIndiraPandiarajanprobablyagreewith?A.ScientificspiritunitesresearchersinIndia.B.TheFoldscopefacilitatessciencelearning.C.TheFoldscopeeasesteachingworkload.D.Scientificspiritfuelsheadmasters’enthusiasm.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了Foldscope這種由紙制成的、價格低廉且便于攜帶的顯微鏡及其在教育中的應(yīng)用。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eight-year-oldS.HarirajisaFoldscopedevotee.He’susedittoexaminethemilkfromhisfamily’scows.Thoughthemilklookscreamy,theFoldscoperevealsaworldofmicroorganisms.(八歲的S.Hariraj是Foldscope的愛好者。他用它檢查家里奶牛產(chǎn)的牛奶。雖然牛奶看起來奶油般醇厚，但Foldscope揭示了一個微生物的世界)”可知，作者在第一段提到Hariraj是為了展示Foldscope的實際用途。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Madefromwaterproof,tear-resistantpaper,itcomesinasmallbagwithpartsthatcanbeattachedinminutes.Magnets(磁鐵)holdittogether,andatinylens(透鏡)allowsittoenlargeobjectsupto140times.Oncebuilt,it’snolargerthanabookmark,smallenoughtoslipintoapocket.(它由防水、抗撕裂的紙制成，裝在一個小袋子里，部件可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)組裝好。磁鐵將其固定在一起，一個微小的透鏡可以將其放大物體高達140倍。一旦組裝好，它不比書簽大，小到可以放進口袋里)”可知，F(xiàn)oldscope的一個特點是方便使用。故選A項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“TheideafortheFoldscopebeganwithManuPrakash,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,whogrewupinIndia.Asasixthgrader,heandhisclassmatesfailedtodrawamicroscopeinatest-noneofthemhadeverseenone.Microscopeswereexpensive,andnotallschoolscouldaffordawell-equippedlab.“Thespiritofexplorationwascriticaltothestudyofscience,”saysPrakash.“Butinordertodevelopthatspirit,youneedtherighttools.”Determinedtochangethesituation,Prakashspentyearsexperimenting,evenborrowinglensesfromhisbrother’sglasses.In2014,heandhisPh.D.studentfinallydevelopedtheFoldscope,usingpaper-foldingtechniquestocreateanalternativetotraditionalmicroscopes.(Foldscope的想法始于斯坦福大學(xué)教授ManuPrakash，他在印度長大。作為一名六年級學(xué)生，他和他的同學(xué)在一次他們從未見過的測試中沒有畫顯微鏡。顯微鏡價格昂貴，并非所有學(xué)校都能負擔(dān)得起設(shè)備齊全的實驗室?！疤剿骶駥茖W(xué)研究至關(guān)重要，”Prakash說。“但為了培養(yǎng)這種精神，你需要合適的工具?！盤rakash決心改變現(xiàn)狀，花了數(shù)年時間進行實驗，甚至借用了他兄弟的眼鏡鏡片。2014年，他和他的博士生最終開發(fā)了Foldscope，利用紙張折疊技術(shù)創(chuàng)造了傳統(tǒng)顯微鏡的替代品)”可知，本段主要介紹了可負擔(dān)得起的顯微鏡的創(chuàng)造過程。故選D項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““IjustlovethelookofamazementwhenkidslookintotheFoldscope,”saysIndiraPandiarajan,theschoolprincipal.“Whentheireyeslightup,Iknowthat’sthemomenttheywillacceptscienceenthusiasticallyandlearningfortherestoftheirlives.”(“我只是喜歡孩子們看向Foldscope時那種驚訝的表情，”校長IndiraPandiarajan說?！爱斔麄兊难劬α疗饋頃r，我知道那就是他們將熱情地接受科學(xué)并終身學(xué)習(xí)的時刻?！?”可推知，IndiraPandiarajan可能會同意的觀點是Foldscope能夠促進科學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。故選B項。CTheabilitytoconnectaneventwithitsconsequences—expertsusethetermassociativelearning—isacrucialskillforadaptingtotheenvironment.Recentfindingsshowthatadultsfailtodemonstratethehighestlearningperformanceinthisarea.Thispavesthewayforafreshperspectiveonassociativelearningdisorders,whicharelinkedtothedevelopmentofmentalillnesslaterinlife.ResearchersfromRuhrUniversityBochumconductedgroundbreakingexperimentsacrossfouragegroups:babies(0-3),primaryschoolchildren(6-12),teenagers(13-19),andadults.Participantswererequiredtoidentifypatternsbetweenvisualpicturesandcorrespondingrewardsthroughcomputer-basedtasks.Severallearningsessionswerethenintegratedtoassessperformancestability.Theresearchteamwasamazedbytheresults:“We’dinitiallyassumedthatassociativelearningimprovescontinuouslywithincreasingage,”saysDr.CarolinKonrad.However,therewasaclearpeakinperformanceatprimaryschool:“Childrenatthisageachievedthebestresults,learnedmostconsistentlyandshowedtheleastvariabilityintheirlearningbehavior.”Althoughadultsandteenagerslearnedfasterthanbabies,theydidn’treachtheperformancelevelofprimaryschoolchildren.Italsoemergedthatrepeatedexposuretothelearnedmaterialplaysacrucialroleforbabiesandteenagerssinceanadditionallearningsessionledtoanimprovementinlearningperformanceintheseagegroups.Teenagersimproved40%afteradditionalpracticesessions,whereasadultsshowedminimalprogress.Thisfindinghighlightsthe“sensitiveperiod”phenomenon—thebrain’shigherplasticityduringchildhoodthatallowsmoreefficientknowledgestrength.Thestudyshowsthatassociativelearningispresentacrossthelifespanbutthattheratesandquantitiesoflearningvary.“Thismentalcapacitynotonlyhelpsusavoiddangersbutalsoinfluencesemotionalregulationpatterns,”concludesKonrad.“Earlyidentificationofassociationofassociativelearningdifficultiescouldserveasanindicatorforfuturementalhealthrisks.”8.Whichisanexampleofassociativelearning?A.Ababygraspsanobjectplacedinitshand.B.Astudentworksharderaftergettinggoodgrades.C.Adriverkeepsspeedingupwhenreceivingaticket.D.Acookfollowshisrecipedespitecustomercomplaints.9.Whatweretheparticipantsrequiredtodointheexperiments?A.Identifytherelationshipbetweendifferentgroups.B.Watchandrecordtheirownperformanceovertime.C.Assesstheirlearningprogressduringthesessions.D.Pairpictureswithrewardsthroughcomputer-basedtasks.10.Whatsurprisedtheresearchersaboutassociativelearning?A.Adultspossessedgreateradaptability.B.Primaryschoolersoutperformedothers.C.Teenagerspeakedinlearningperformance.D.Babiesrequiredfrequentexposuretoknowledge.11.Whyisthe“sensitiveperiod”phenomenonmentionedinparagraph4?A.Toshowlearningabilitydifferencesacrossallages.B.Toadviseadultstolearnefficientlyinagradualway.C.Tostressthesignificanceoflearningduringchildhood.D.Todemonstratethebrain’sabilitytoadaptinadulthood.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是不同年齡段在聯(lián)想學(xué)習(xí)能力上的差異，以及兒童期學(xué)習(xí)的高效性對心理健康的影響?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theabilitytoconnectaneventwithitsconsequences—expertsusethetermassociativelearning—isacrucialskillforadaptingtotheenvironment.(將事件與其結(jié)果聯(lián)系起來的能力——專家稱之為聯(lián)想學(xué)習(xí)——是適應(yīng)環(huán)境的一項關(guān)鍵技能。)”可知，聯(lián)想學(xué)習(xí)是指將事件與其結(jié)果聯(lián)系起來的能力，B選項中“學(xué)生因為取得好成績而更加努力學(xué)習(xí)”符合這一定義，因為它體現(xiàn)了事件（取得好成績）與結(jié)果（更加努力學(xué)習(xí)）之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Participantswererequiredtoidentifypatternsbetweenvisualpicturesandcorrespondingrewardsthroughcomputer-basedtasks.(參與者需要通過計算機任務(wù)識別視覺圖片與相應(yīng)獎勵之間的模式。)”可知，參與者需要通過計算機任務(wù)將圖片與獎勵配對。故選D項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,therewasaclearpeakinperformanceatprimaryschool:“Childrenatthisageachievedthebestresults,learnedmostconsistentlyandshowedtheleastvariabilityintheirlearningbehavior.”Althoughadultsandteenagerslearnedfasterthanbabies,theydidn’treachtheperformancelevelofprimaryschoolchildren.(然而，小學(xué)階段的表現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)了明顯的峰值：“這個年齡段的孩子取得了最佳成績，學(xué)習(xí)最穩(wěn)定，學(xué)習(xí)行為的差異性最小?！北M管成年人和青少年比嬰兒學(xué)得更快，但他們的表現(xiàn)水平并未達到小學(xué)生的程度。)”可知，研究人員驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，小學(xué)生階段的孩子取得了最佳成績，學(xué)習(xí)最穩(wěn)定，學(xué)習(xí)行為的差異性最小，由此可知，小學(xué)生在聯(lián)想學(xué)習(xí)中的表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于其他年齡段的人群。故選B項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thisfindinghighlightsthe“sensitiveperiod”phenomenon—thebrain’shigherplasticityduringchildhoodthatallowsmoreefficientknowledgestrength.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)突顯了“敏感期”現(xiàn)象——兒童時期大腦具有更高的可塑性，這使得他們能夠更高效地鞏固知識。)”可知，兒童時期大腦的高可塑性使知識學(xué)習(xí)更高效，由此可知，第四段中提到“敏感期”為了強調(diào)兒童時期學(xué)習(xí)的重要意義。故選C項。DResearchersatRutgersUniversity-NewBrunswickhavedevelopedanAItoolthatwillhelppredictthehabitatsofendangeredwhales,guidingshipsalongtheAtlanticcoasttoavoidthem.Thetoolisdesignedtopreventdeadlyaccidentsandinformconservationstrategiesandresponsibleoceandevelopment.TheAIprogramanalyzespatternsfromtwolargedatabases,improvingtheabilitytomonitorthedistributionofendangeredmarine(海洋的)speciesliketheNorthAtlanticrightwhale.Themarinesciencesprofessors,AhmedEzzatandJoshKohut,likenedtheoutputtowhatmightbelearnedbytrackingpeople’smovementsinahouseanddeterminingwhetherthereisfoodinthekitchen.Suchfactorsmightevaluatewhypeoplearewheretheyareatcertaintimesoftheday.Detectingcertainpatternsconveyspredictivepower.“Withthisprogram,we’recorrelatingthepositionofawhaleintheoceanwithenvironmentalconditions,”Kohutsaid.“Thisallowsustopredictwhalelocationswithhigherprobability,enablingustocarryouteffectiveprotectionstrategies.”Unliketypicalcomputerprograms,whereinstructionsarewrittenout,thisnewmachinelearningprogramanalyzedlargedatasetstodiscoverpatternsandrelationships.AstheAIprogramencounteredmoredata,itadjusteditsinternalmodeltomakebetterpredictionsorclassifications.“Theoutcomeofthemachine-learningmodelisapredictionofwhereyoumayencounteramarinemammal(哺乳動物),”Ezzatsaid,describingwhathecharacterizedasa“probabilitymap”.Initially,theresearcherssoughttodevelophigh-resolutionmodelsoftheNorthAtlanticrightwhalepresencetosupportresponsibleoffshorewindfarmdevelopmentandoperation.However,Ezzatnotedthatthesetoolscouldbenefitvariousindustriesintheblueeconomy,suchasfishingandshipping.“Thisapproachcansupportawiseandenvironmentallyresponsibleuseofthesewaters,”Ezzatsaid.“Fordecades,we’vehadwhalelocationdataandenvironmentalrecords,butAIfinallyconnectsthem,”Kohutemphasized.“ThisdemonstratesthepowerofemployingAImethodologiestoadvanceourabilitytopredictorestimatewherethesewhalesare.Wecanachieveoureconomicgoalswhileminimizingharmtotheenvironment.”Thisinnovationsafeguardswhalesandadvancesresponsibleoceandevelopment—acriticalstepasclimatepressuresintensify.12.WhatdoweknowabouttheAItool?A.Itcanpredictwhalelocations.B.Itcanavoidcoastalpollution.C.Itcanmonitortheresearchprogress.D.Itcanpreventdeadlymarinediseases.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)ikened”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Owed. B.Compared. C.Applied. D.Submitted.14.WhatcanwelearnfromKohut’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Whalesboostblueeconomy.B.Climatechangeharmswhales.C.AIiskeytosustainableoceanicexploration.D.Technologicalinnovationtakesconstantefforts.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheAItool?A.Positive. B.Dismissive. C.Conservative. D.Objective.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了羅格斯大學(xué)新不倫瑞克分校的研究人員開發(fā)了一種人工智能工具，該工具能夠分析數(shù)據(jù)模式來預(yù)測瀕危鯨魚的棲息地，從而防止致命事故發(fā)生，并為海洋保護策略和合理的海洋開發(fā)提供信息。【12題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ResearchersatRutgersUniversity-NewBrunswickhavedevelopedanAItoolthatwillhelppredictthehabitatsofendangeredwhales,guidingshipsalongtheAtlanticcoasttoavoidthem.(羅格斯大學(xué)新不倫瑞克分校的研究人員開發(fā)了一種人工智能工具，它將有助于預(yù)測瀕危鯨魚的棲息地，引導(dǎo)大西洋沿岸的船只避開它們)”以及第二段中“Withthisprogram,we’recorrelatingthepositionofawhaleintheoceanwithenvironmentalconditions,“Kohutsaid.”Thisallowsustopredictwhalelocationswithhigherprobability,enablingustocarryouteffectiveprotectionstrategies.(科胡特說：“通過這個程序，我們將鯨魚在海洋中的位置與環(huán)境條件聯(lián)系起來。這使我們能夠更有可能預(yù)測鯨魚的位置，從而使我們能夠?qū)嵤┯行У谋Ｗo策略”)”可知，該人工智能工具可以預(yù)測鯨魚的位置。故選A項?！?3題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Themarinesciencesprofessors,AhmedEzzatandJoshKohut,likenedtheoutputtowhatmightbelearnedbytrackingpeople’smovementsinahouseanddeterminingwhetherthereisfoodinthekitchen.Suchfactorsmightevaluatewhypeoplearewheretheyareatcertaintimesoftheday.”(海洋科學(xué)教授艾哈邁德?埃扎特和喬希?科胡特將該程序的輸出結(jié)果likened通過跟蹤人們在房子里的活動并確定廚房里是否有食物所了解到的情況。這些因素可以評估人們在一天中的某些時候為什么會在某個地方。)可知，這里是把人工智能工具的輸出結(jié)果和跟蹤人們在房子里的活動作類比。劃線詞意為“和……比較”，故選B項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Fordecades,we’vehadwhalelocationdataandenvironmentalrecords,butAIfinallyconnectsthem,“Kohutemphasized.”ThisdemonstratesthepowerofemployingAImethodologiestoadvanceourabilitytopredictorestimatewherethesewhalesare.Wecanachieveoureconomicgoalswhileminimizingharmtotheenvironment.(科胡特強調(diào)：“幾十年來，我們一直有鯨魚位置數(shù)據(jù)和環(huán)境記錄，但人工智能最終將它們聯(lián)系起來了。這證明了使用人工智能方法來提高我們預(yù)測或估計這些鯨魚位置的能力的力量。我們可以在實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟目標的同時，將對環(huán)境的危害降到最低)”可知，人工智能在連接鯨魚位置數(shù)據(jù)和環(huán)境記錄方面起到了關(guān)鍵作用，有助于在實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟目標的同時保護環(huán)境，所以可推斷出人工智能是可持續(xù)海洋探索的關(guān)鍵。故選C項。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thetoolisdesignedtopreventdeadlyaccidentsandinformconservationstrategiesandresponsibleoceandevelopment.(該工具旨在防止致命事故的發(fā)生，并為保護策略和負責(zé)任的海洋開發(fā)提供信息)”，最后一段又指出“Thisinnovationsafeguardswhalesandadvancesresponsibleoceandevelopment—acriticalstepasclimatepressuresintensify.(這項創(chuàng)新保護了鯨魚，并推動了負責(zé)任的海洋開發(fā)——這是在氣候壓力加劇的情況下的關(guān)鍵一步)”，可以看出作者認為該人工智能工具對保護鯨魚和促進海洋開發(fā)有積極作用，所以作者對其持積極態(tài)度。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Inliterature,flatandroundcharactersofferdistinctapproachestocharacterdevelopment.Flatcharactersaredefinedbyasingularsymboliccharacteristic.____16____Forexample,theevilstepmothersintraditionalfairytalesareflatcharacters,servingtodrivethestorywiththeirsimplicity.Bycontrast,JiaBaoyuinDreamoftheRedChamberexemplifies(舉例說明)roundcharacters,definedbyinnerconflicts,contradictions,andpersonalgrowth.____17____Theyreflecttheunpredictabilityofhumanity,makingthemmorerelatableanddynamictoreaders.Inearlierliteraryworks,flatcharactersoftensymbolizedheroicideals,suchasthebraveheroesinTheOdyssey.Associetymovesawayfromidealizedheroes,literaturefocusesmoreoncharacters’personalstruggles,reflectinghowwritersbegantoseehumanityinamorecomplexway.Withtheriseofrealisminthe19thcentury,roundcharactersgainedpopularity,asseeninJaneEyre,whichallowedfortheexplorationofpersonalidentityandinternalconflict.____18____However,noteverycharacterthatappearsinastoryneedstobedeep.____19____Imaginethemaincharacteristakingataxitoahotel.Ifwemakethetaxidriveraroundcharacter,thefocuscouldshiftfromthemaincharactertothetaxidriver,potentiallytakingattentionawayfromthemainplot.____20____Theytogethercreatetensionandrichnessinaliterarywork.Flatcharactersprovideclarityandfocus,simplifyingthemesandmakingthemaccessibletoreaders.Meanwhile,roundcharactersrevealhumancomplexity,showinglifebeyondblackandwhite.A.Neithertypeofcharactersisbetterthantheother.B.Suchcharactersstandoutforcomplexityanddepth.C.Wedon’tgetheartfeltbackstorytoenrichtheirroles.D.Ifflatcharactersareround,theymay“stealtheshow”.E.Thisshowshowliteraturereflectsevolvingsocialviews.F.Roundcharactersaremoreengagingthanflatcharacters.G.Theyaremorelikeaspotlight,drawingattentiontooneaspect.【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.D20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了文學(xué)作品中扁平人物和圓形人物的特點及作用?！?6題詳析】上文“Flatcharactersaredefinedbyasingularsymboliccharacteristic.(扁平人物由單一的象征性特征定義)”解釋了扁平人物的定義，空處應(yīng)進一步說明扁平人物的特點，G選項中They指代上文提及的Flatcharacters，G選項“它們更像是一個聚光燈，把注意力吸引到一個方面?！苯忉屃吮馄饺宋锞拖窬酃鉄粢粯?，只聚焦于一個方面，突出其單一特征，承接上文，符合語境。故選G?！?7題詳析】上文“Bycontrast,JiaBaoyuinDreamoftheRedChamberexemplifies(舉例說明)roundcharacters,definedbyinnerconflicts,contradictions,andpersonalgrowth.(相比之下，《紅樓夢》中的賈寶玉是圓形人物的典型，以內(nèi)心的沖突、矛盾和個人成長來定義)”提到圓形人物的特點，空處應(yīng)進一步闡述圓形人物的這些特點，B選項“這樣的人物因其復(fù)雜性和深度而脫穎而出?！睆娬{(diào)了圓形人物的復(fù)雜性和深度，承接上文，符合語境。故選B?！?8題詳析】上文“Withtheriseofrealisminthe19thcentury,roundcharactersgainedpopularity,asseeninJaneEyre,whichallowedfortheexplorationofpersonalidentityandinternalconflict.(隨著19世紀現(xiàn)實主義的興起，圓形人物開始流行起來，如《簡·愛》所示，這使得對個人身份和內(nèi)心沖突的探索成為可能)”提到了文學(xué)作品中圓形人物的流行以及現(xiàn)實主義的影響，空處應(yīng)進一步說明這種變化的意義，E選項“這顯示了文學(xué)如何反映不斷變化的社會觀點?！敝赋隽宋膶W(xué)作品與社會觀點之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，承接上文，符合語境。故選E?！?9題詳析】上文“However,noteverycharacterthatappearsinastoryneedstobedeep.(然而，并不是故事中出現(xiàn)的每個角色都需要有深度)”提出了一個觀點，即并非所有角色都需要有深度，空處應(yīng)進一步解釋這一觀點，D選項“如果扁平人物變得圓潤，他們可能會‘搶鏡’。”說明如果扁平人物被描繪得過于復(fù)雜，可能會分散讀者對主要角色的注意力，引出下文關(guān)于角色搶鏡的論述“Imaginethemaincharacteristakingataxitoahotel.Ifwemakethetaxidriveraroundcharacter,thefocuscouldshiftfromthemaincharactertothetaxidriver,potentiallytakingattentionawayfromthemainplot.(想象一下，主角正在乘出租車去酒店。如果我們把出租車司機變成一個圓形角色，焦點可能會從主角轉(zhuǎn)移到出租車司機身上，從而可能會轉(zhuǎn)移人們對主要情節(jié)的注意力)”，如果扁平人物被描繪得過于復(fù)雜，可能會分散讀者對主要角色的注意力，D選項承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。【20題詳析】下文“Theytogethercreatetensionandrichnessinaliterarywork.Flatcharactersprovideclarityandfocus,simplifyingthemesandmakingthemaccessibletoreaders.Meanwhile,roundcharactersrevealhumancomplexity,showinglifebeyondblackandwhite.(它們共同在文學(xué)作品中創(chuàng)造張力和豐富性。扁平人物提供清晰和焦點，簡化主題，使讀者容易理解。同時，圓形人物揭示人性的復(fù)雜性，展現(xiàn)黑白之外的生活)”討論了扁平人物和圓形人物在文學(xué)作品中的共同作用，空處應(yīng)提出一個概括性的觀點，A選項“這兩種類型的角色都不比另一種好?！闭f明扁平人物和圓形人物在文學(xué)作品中各有其作用，共同創(chuàng)造張力和豐富性，沒有優(yōu)劣之分，強調(diào)了兩種角色的平衡和互補性。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Lastyear,Iwasdeterminedtoclimbthecorporateladder(階梯).Iworked____21____,oftenstayinglateattheofficeandgivingupweekendstomeetdeadlines.The____22____ofsuccessconsumedme,andIpridedmyselfonmy____23____.However,asmonthspassed,Ibegantofeelthe____24____onmybodyandmind.Constantheadaches,badappetiteandagrowingsenseofemotionaldetachmentfrommyworkbecamemynewnormal.Iwas____25____,anditwasaffectingmyhealthandproductivity.Oneevening,afteryetanotherlongday,Icollapsedonmysofa.IwassotiredthatIcouldn’t____26____cookdinner.Staringattheceiling,I____27____Ihadbecomeamachine,endlesslyworking.Thenextmorning,Idecidedtomakeachange.IknewIneededto____28____self-caretoregainbalanceinmylife.Istarted____29____.Everymorning,Idevoted15minutestomeditation(冥想),allowingmyselftobreatheandsetintentionsfortheday.Ialsoreintroduced____30____activitiesintomyroutine,likeshortwalksduringlunchbreaks.Gradually,Inoticeda____31____.Myenergylevelsimproved,andIfeltmore____32____bothatworkandinmypersonallife.Ibegansetting____33____,sayingnotounnecessarytasks,andcarvingouttimeforrest.Mostimportantly,Ilearnedself-careisn’t____34____—it’sessential.Reflectingonmyjourney,Irealizedtrue____35____liesinfindingbalanceandnurturing(滋養(yǎng))oneself.21.A.regularly B.tirelessly C.casually D.flexibly22.A.guarantee B.taste C.pursuit D.secret23.A.creativity B.leadership C.devotion D.curiosity24.A.competition B.heat C.need D.impact25.A.burningout B.cheeringup C.calmingdown D.showingoff26.A.already B.even C.still D.almost27.A.realized B.explained C.pretended D.wished28.A.prioritize B.dismiss C.decline D.visualize29.A.smart B.high C.small D.early30.A.scientific B.commercial C.academic D.physical31.A.shift B.problem C.loss D.pattern32.A.reliable B.present C.responsible D.humble33.A.deadlines B.examples C.ambitions D.boundaries34.A.satisfactory B.straightforward C.subjective D.selfish35.A.potential B.success C.commitment D.friendship【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.A29.C30.D31.A32.B33.D34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者起初拼命工作致身心受損，后改變方式重獲平衡的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我工作不知疲倦，經(jīng)常加班到很晚，并放棄周末以滿足最后期限。A.regularly定期地；B.tirelessly不知疲倦地；C.casually隨意地；D.flexibly靈活地。根據(jù)后文“oftenstayinglateattheofficeandgivingupweekendstomeetdeadlines”可知，作者為了工作經(jīng)常加班到很晚，并放棄周末，說明工作非常努力，不知疲倦。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對成功的追求吞噬了我，我為自己的奉獻感到自豪。A.guarantee保證；B.taste品味；C.pursuit追求；D.secret秘密。根據(jù)前文“Lastyear,Iwasdeterminedtoclimbthecorporateladder(階梯).”可知，作者決心在職場上晉升，說明對成功有追求。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.creativity創(chuàng)造力；B.leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力；C.devotion奉獻；D.curiosity好奇心。根據(jù)前文“Iworked,oftenstayinglateattheofficeandgivingupweekendstomeetdeadlines.”可知，作者為了工作非常努力，經(jīng)常加班到很晚，并放棄周末，說明對工作有奉獻精神。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，幾個月過去了，我開始感到身心受到的影響。A.competition競爭；B.heat熱度；C.need需要；D.impact影響。根據(jù)后文“Constantheadaches,badappetiteandagrowingsenseofemotionaldetachmentfrommyworkbecamemynewnormal.”可知，作者開始感到頭疼、食欲不振，對工作產(chǎn)生情感上的疏離感，說明身心受到了影響。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我精疲力竭了，這影響了我的健康和生產(chǎn)力。A.burningout精疲力竭；B.cheeringup振作起來；C.calmingdown冷靜下來；D.showingoff炫耀。根據(jù)前文“Constantheadaches,badappetiteandagrowingsenseofemotionaldetachmentfrommyworkbecamemynewnormal.”可知，作者身心受到了影響，說明已經(jīng)精疲力竭了。故選A。【26題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我太累了，甚至連晚飯都做不了。A.already已經(jīng)；B.even甚至；C.still仍然；D.almost幾乎。根據(jù)前文“Iwassotired”可知，作者太累了，以至于甚至做不了晚飯。故選B。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盯著天花板，我意識到我已經(jīng)變成了一臺機器，無休止地工作。A.realized意識到；B.explained解釋；C.pretended假裝；D.wished希望。根據(jù)后文“Ihadbecomeamachine,endlesslyworking”可知，作者意識到自己像一臺無休止工作的機器。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我需要把自我照顧放在首位，以重新獲得生活的平衡。A.prioritize優(yōu)先考慮；B.dismiss解雇；C.decline拒絕；D.visualize想象。根據(jù)后文“self-caretoregainbalanceinmylife”可知，作者需要重新獲得生活的平衡，說明需要把自我照顧放在首位。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我從小事做起。A.smart聰明的；B.high高的；C.small小的；D.early早的。根據(jù)后文“Everymorning,Idevoted15minutestomeditation(冥想),allowingmyselftobreatheandsetintentionsfortheday.”可知，作者每天早上花15分鐘冥想，說明是從小事做起。故選C。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我還把體育活動重新納入我的日常生活，比如午休時間散步。A.scientific科學(xué)的；B.commercial商業(yè)的；C.academic學(xué)術(shù)的；D.physical身體的。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ikeshortwalksduringlunchbreaks”可知，作者午休時間散步，說明是把體育活動重新納入日常生活。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我注意到了一個變化。A.shift變化；B.problem問題；C.loss損失；D.pattern模式。根據(jù)后文“Myenergylevelsimproved,andIfeltmorebothatworkandinmypersonallife.”可知，作者的精力水平提高了，說明注意到了一個變化。故選A。【32題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的精力水平提高了，在工作和個人生活中我都感到更加投入。A.reliable可靠的；B.present在場的，投入的；C.responsible負責(zé)的；D.humble謙遜的。根據(jù)前文“Myenergylevelsimproved”可知，作者的精力水平提高了，說明在工作和個人生活中都更加投入。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始設(shè)定界限，對不必要的任務(wù)說“不”，并騰出時間休息。A.deadlines最后期限；B.examples例子；C.ambitions抱負；D.boundaries界限。根據(jù)后文“sayingnotounnecessarytasks”可知，作者對不必要的任務(wù)說“不”，說明開始設(shè)定界限。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最重要的是，我明白了自我照顧并不是自私的——它是必不可少的。A.satisfactory令人滿意的；B.straightforward直接的；C.subjective主觀的；D.selfish自私的。根據(jù)后文“it’sessential”可知，自我照顧是必不可少的，說明并不