2024-2025學(xué)年浙江省紹興市上虞區(qū)高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1浙江省紹興市上虞區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第一部分：聽力（略）第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15個小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AThursdaymorning,universalOrlandoResortannouncedthatitshighlyanticipatednewthemepark,EpicUniverse,consistingoffive“worlds”:TheWizardingWorldofHarryPotter:MinistryofMagic;SuperNintendoWorld;HowtoTrainYourDragon:IsleofBerk;DarkUniverseandCelestialPark,willopenonMay22,2025.TicketInformationTicketsforEpicUniversewillbesoldinphases.Atfirst,onlyvacationpackagesandticketsforthreedays(orlonger)toUniversalOrlandoResort,whichincludeonedayatEpicUniverse,willbeavailablestartingonOctober22.Forexample,athree-dayticketwillrangefrom$374.88to$554.87(aftertax)perperson,dependingondates.CurrentUniversalOrlandoannualpassholderswillthengetpriorityaccessonOctober24topurchasesingle-dayticketstoEpicUniversebeforethegeneralpublic.Additionalticketoptions,includingsingle-dayticketsforthegeneralpublic,willbesoldinthemonthsleadinguptotheopeningoftheparkandyoucanvisitthelinksformoredetails.●Packagetour●SingletourParkhighlightsWalkingthroughCelestialPark,visitorswillenterEpicUniverse,whichwillhavearollercoaster,giftshops,restaurants,andentrancestotheotherfourthemedareas.TheWizardingWorldofHarryPotter:MinistryofMagicwillrecreatetheatmosphereof1920sParisandtheBritishMinistryofMagic.Betteryet,anewattractioncalled,“BattleattheMinistry,”willallowgueststojoinHarry,Ron,andHermioneinanexcitingadventuretoescapeattacksfromdarkwizards.1.WhencantheearliestticketstoEpicUniversebeavailable?A.OnMay22,2025. B.OnOct.22,2024.C.OnOct.24,2025. D.OnMay21,2025.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinEpicUniverse?A.Huntfortreasures. B.ActasHarry.C.Makesouvenirspersonally. D.Takeexcitingrides.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Anewspaper. C.Asite. D.Abrochure.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了奧蘭多環(huán)球影城度假村的一些娛樂活動情況。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Atfirst,onlyvacationpackagesandticketsforthreedays(orlonger)toUniversalOrlandoResort,whichincludeonedayatEpicUniverse,willbeavailablestartingonOctober22.(首先，從10月22日開始，只提供奧蘭多環(huán)球影城三天（或更長時間）的度假套餐和門票，其中包括在史詩宇宙的一天。)”可知，最早2024年10月22日能買到史詩宇宙的票。故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“WalkingthroughCelestialPark,visitorswillenterEpicUniverse,whichwillhavearollercoaster,giftshops,restaurants,andentrancestotheotherfourthemedareas.(穿過天體公園，游客將進(jìn)入史詩宇宙，里面有過山車、禮品店、餐館和其他四個主題區(qū)域的入口。)”可知，游客在EpicUniverse中可以參加刺激的游樂設(shè)施。故選D。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Additionalticketoptions,includingsingle-dayticketsforthegeneralpublic,willbesoldinthemonthsleadinguptotheopeningoftheparkandyoucanvisitthelinksformoredetails.(額外的門票選擇，包括普通公眾的單日門票，將在公園開放前的幾個月出售，你可以訪問鏈接了解更多細(xì)節(jié)。)”可知，文章選自網(wǎng)站。故選C。BTakanoriKobayashi,a23-year-oldfromJapan,hashadastrongconnectionwithPekingOperasincehischildhood.HisfascinationwithChinesehistorybeganinhisearlychildhood,influencedbyJapanesemanga(漫畫),especiallyworkslikeRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.ThesestoriesmadehimcuriousaboutChinesecultureandledhimtosearchforrelatedvideosonline.At14,KobayashicameacrossavideoofahistoricalPekingOpera,TheBattleofRedCliffs.Althoughhedidn’tunderstandthelanguage,hewascaptivatedbythecostumes,makeup,andmusic.At17,hefoundawebsitefortheShincyoTheater,aPekingOperatroupe(巡演)inTokyofoundedbyZhangChunxiang,aBeijing-bornartist,whohadmovedtoJapaninthe1980sandfoundedtheShincyoTheatertopromotePekingOperainJapan.Kobayashiemailedthetheater,sharingwithZhanghispassionforPekingOpera,andhisdesiretojointhetroupe.Zhangwasimpressedbyhispassion.At18,KobayashimovedtoTokyotoattendChuoUniversity,majoringinChineselanguageandculture,whileattendingZhang’sPekingOperaclasseseverySaturday.ZhangteacheshisstudentsbyexplainingthemovementsofPekingOperainsimpleJapanese.Kobayashi,whoenjoysplayingcivilroles,listenstofamousperformancestolearnthemusicandgetasenseoftheroles.HeworkswithZhangtoimprovehisperformance.Yearsofhardworkpaidoff.In2020,Kobayashifinallygotthechanceanddebutedinasmallpainted-faceroleinWildBoarForest,oneofShincyoTheater’sproductions,whichgotwell-received.Aftergraduation,Kobayashiworkedforacompanyincosmetics,buthestillstudiesPekingOperainhisfreetimeandoccasionallyperformswithShincyoTheater.“BecomingaprofessionalPekingOperaperformerinJapanisdifficultandmightnotbepracticalasalong-termcareer.InChina,performersusuallystarttrainingatfourorfive,whereasIbegancloseto20.Evenso,I’dstillliketopursueitprofessionallyandgiveitmybestshot,”saidKobayashi.4.WhatsparkedKobayashi’sinitialinterestinChinesehistoryandculture?A.SchoollessonsrelatedtoChina. B.AvisittotheShincyoTheater.C.ChinesetalestoldinJapanesecomic. D.AvideoofahistoricalPekingOpera.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKobayashi?A.Optimisticandconsiderate. B.Persistentanddiligent.C.Energeticanddetermined. D.Creativeandpassionate.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“debuted”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Playedaleadingrole. B.Paintedafacialmakeup.C.Performedforthefirsttime. D.Conqueredthestagefright.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Hehastoquitowingtostartinglate.B.Hewillkeepinformedandpractiseoccasionally.C.Heiswillingtogiveitashotdespitethedifficulties.D.HetriestobeaprofessionalPekingOperaperformer.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述日本青年小林崇德TakanoriKobayashi崇德熱愛京劇，克服困難堅持學(xué)習(xí)并追求專業(yè)表演的故事。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“HisfascinationwithChinesehistorybeganinhisearlychildhood,influencedbyJapanesemanga(漫畫),especiallyworkslikeRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.(他對中國歷史的迷戀始于童年，受到日本漫畫的影響，尤其是《三國演義》等作品。)”可知，用日本漫畫講述的中國故事激發(fā)了小林最初對中國歷史和文化的興趣。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“At18,KobayashimovedtoTokyotoattendChuoUniversity,majoringinChineselanguageandculture,whileattendingZhang’sPekingOperaclasseseverySaturday.(18歲時，小林搬到東京中央大學(xué)就讀，主修中國語言和文化，同時每周六參加張的京劇課。)”和第四段中“Yearsofhardworkpaidoff.(多年的辛勤工作得到了回報)”可知，小林自18歲時開始主修中國語言和文化，并每周六參加張的京劇課，并堅持了很多年，這體現(xiàn)了他堅持不懈，勤奮的性格特指。故選B。【6題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Kobayashifinallygotthechance(小林終于得到了機(jī)會)”及“inasmallpainted-faceroleinWildBoarForest,oneofShincyoTheater’sproductions,whichgotwell-received.(在新橋劇團(tuán)的作品《野豬森林》中扮演了一個畫著臉的小角色，受到了好評。)”可知，小林終于得到機(jī)會，扮演了其中一個角色，由此推斷，劃線單詞的含義是“第一次演出，首演”。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“InChina,performersusuallystarttrainingatfourorfive,whereasIbegancloseto20.Evenso,I’dstillliketopursueitprofessionallyandgiveitmybestshot,”saidKobayashi.(在中國，演員通常在四五歲開始訓(xùn)練，而我是在20歲左右開始訓(xùn)練的。即便如此，我仍然想以職業(yè)的方式追求它，盡我最大的努力。)”可知，雖然小林開始學(xué)京劇的時間較晚，但盡管困難重重，他仍然愿意再次嘗試。故選C。CThesquirtingcucumber(噴瓜)canbefoundinmultipleregionsincludingtheMediterranean,Europe,Asia,andNorthAmerica.Itsreproductivemethodhaslongfascinatedscientists.Whenasquirtingcucumberisreadytospreaditsseeds,it’slikealittleexplosion.Thewholeprocessissuperfast,lastingonlyabout0.03seconds.Thegreenfruit,whichisabout1.6incheslongwhenripe,shootsoutamixtureofseedsandstickyliquid.Itdoesthisataspeedofaround45milesperhour,andtheseedscangoasfaras33feetaway.Alongtimeago,intheRomanEmpire,anaturalistnamedPlinytheElderfirstwroteaboutthesesquirtingcucumbers.Hewarnedthattheseedsshootingoutcouldbedangerousfortheeyes.Inthe19thcentury,studiesstartedtoexploreitshigh-pressureseedspray,yetmanydetailsremainedunclear.Now,Scientistsusedspecialcameraslikehigh-speedvideoandtime-lapsephotography.TheyalsodidCTscansandmade3Dmodelsforin-depthstudy.Whattheyfoundisthatbeforetheseedsshootout,alotishappeninginsidethecucumber.Asitfillsupwithfluid,someofthatfluidgoesintothestem.Thismakesthestemthickerandstiffer,andthefruitchangesfromhangingstraightdowntoanangleofabout45degrees.Shootingseedsfromthisanglehelpsthemgofarther.Also,whenthestemdetaches(分離)fromthefruit,itgivesthefruitaspin,whichspreadstheseedsoutinawiderarc,increasingthechanceofnewplantgrowth.“Scientistsoftenlooktomodelorganisms(生物)—certainspeciesthatarewell-studied.Butthere’salsomuchtobelearnedbystudyingoutliersthatreceivelessattention,suchasthesquirtingcucumber”,Hay,aGermanscientist,said.“Manyinterestingtraitsarenotfoundinmodelorganisms,”shenoted.“Thisnewstudyshowshowwecanlearnfromdiversity.”8.Whatdoyouknowaboutthequirtingcucumber?A.Itsseedscan’ttravelfartherthan32feet.B.It’sdangeroustolookatitsseedsshooting.C.Scientistsfullystudieditbeforethe19thcentury.D.ItcanonlybefoundintheNorthernHemisphere.9.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whentheseedsdetachfromtheplant.B.Howtheangleaffectsitsseedshooting.C.Whatscientificmethodswereusedtostudyit.D.Howthesquirtingcucumberpreparesforseedshooting.10.WhydoesHaymention“modelorganisms”inthelastparagraph?A.Tohighlightthesignificanceofstudyingoutliers.B.Tosupportthedueattentiongiventomodelorganisms.C.Toadvocateatotalshiftinresearchfocustostudyoutliers.D.Tosuggestmakingthesquirtingcucumberamodelorganism.11.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HiddenRisksofCucumbers. B.ASeed-SpittingWonder.C.High-TechinNatureStudies. D.DiversityinSeedSpreading.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了噴瓜這一種植物的習(xí)性以及與噴瓜有關(guān)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hewarnedthattheseedsshootingoutcouldbedangerousfortheeyes.(他警告說，噴出來的種子可能對眼睛有害)”可知，看噴瓜的種子噴射很危險。故選B。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Whattheyfoundisthatbeforetheseedsshootout,alotishappeninginsidethecucumber.Asitfillsupwithfluid,someofthatfluidgoesintothestem.Thismakesthestemthickerandstiffer,andthefruitchangesfromhangingstraightdowntoanangleofabout45degrees.Shootingseedsfromthisanglehelpsthemgofarther.Also,whenthestemdetaches(分離)fromthefruit,itgivesthefruitaspin,whichspreadstheseedsoutinawiderarc,increasingthechanceofnewplantgrowth.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在種子發(fā)芽之前，噴瓜內(nèi)部發(fā)生了很多事情。當(dāng)它充滿液體時，一些液體進(jìn)入莖干。這使得莖更粗、更硬，果實從筆直垂下變成了45度角左右。從這個角度播種可以幫助它們飛得更遠(yuǎn)。此外，當(dāng)莖與果實分離時，它會使果實旋轉(zhuǎn)，使種子以更寬的弧線傳播，增加新植物生長的機(jī)會)”可知，第四段的主要內(nèi)容是噴瓜是如何為種子噴射做準(zhǔn)備的。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butthere’salsomuchtobelearnedbystudyingoutliersthatreceivelessattention,suchasthesquirtingcucumber”,Hay,aGermanscientist,said.“Manyinterestingtraitsarenotfoundinmodelorganisms,”shenoted.“Thisnewstudyshowshowwecanlearnfromdiversity.”(但是，通過研究那些不太受關(guān)注的異常值，比如噴黃瓜，我們也能學(xué)到很多東西?！钡聡茖W(xué)家海伊說?！霸谀Ｊ缴镏袥]有發(fā)現(xiàn)許多有趣的特征，”她指出。“這項新研究表明，我們可以從多樣性中學(xué)習(xí)。”)”可知，在最后一段提到“模式生物”是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)研究異常值的重要性。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thesquirtingcucumber(噴瓜)canbefoundinmultipleregionsincludingtheMediterranean,Europe,Asia,andNorthAmerica.Itsreproductivemethodhaslongfascinatedscientists.(噴瓜分布在地中海、歐洲、亞洲和北美等多個地區(qū)。它的繁殖方式一直吸引著科學(xué)家)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了噴瓜這一種植物的習(xí)性以及與噴瓜有關(guān)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?？芍?，B選項“一個噴種子的奇跡”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DInteractingwithAIchatbotslikeChatGPTcanbefunandsometimesuseful,butthenextlevelofeverydayAIgoesbeyondansweringquestions:AIagentscarryouttasksforyou.ButwhatexactlyisanAIagent?Asacomputerscientist,Iofferthisdefinition:AIagentsaretechnologicaltoolsthatcanlearnalotaboutagivenenvironment,andthen—withafewsimplepromptsfromahuman—worktosolveproblemsorperformspecifictasksinthatenvironment.SimpleAIagentscanbetaughttoreplytostandardquestionssentoveremail.Moreadvancedonescanbookairlineandhotelticketsfortranscontinentalbusinesstrips.TakeGoogle’sProjectMarinerasatypicalexample.Recently,Googledemonstratedittoreporters.It’sabrowserextensionforChromethatcanreasonaboutthetextandimagesonyourscreen.Inthedemonstration,theagenthelpedplanamealbyaddingitemstoashoppingcartonagrocerychain’swebsite,evenfindingsubstituteswhencertainingredientswerenotavailable.Apersonstillneedstobeinvolvedtofinalizethepurchase,buttheagentcanbeinstructedtotakeallofthenecessarystepsuptothatpoint.Actually,manyoftoday’sAIagentstendtobeutility(實用)based,meaningtheygivemoreconsiderationtohowtoachievetheirgoalsbythemselves.Theyweightherisksandbenefitsofeachpossibleapproachbeforedecidinghowtoproceed.Theyarealsocapableofconsideringgoalsthatconflictwitheachotheranddecidingwhichoneismoreimportanttoachieve.Theygobeyondgoal-basedagentsbyprioritizingtheirusers’uniquepreferences.However,abreach(違反)ofanAIagent’ssystemcouldcauseprivateinformationaboutyourlifeandfinancestofallintothewronghands.AreyouOKtakingtheserisksifitmeansthatagentscansaveyousomework?WhathappenswhenAIagentsmakeapoorchoice,orachoicethatitsuserwoulddisagreewith?Currently,developersofAIagentsarekeepinghumansintheloop,makingsurepeoplehaveanopportunitytocheckanagent’sworkbeforeanyfinaldecisionsaremade.12.WhatisanAIagentaccordingtothepassage?A.Achatbotrespondingtodiversequestions.B.AtechnologyenablingAIchatbotstoperformcomplextasks.C.Adevicesolvingproblemsbyreplyingtostandardquestions.D.Atoollearningenvironmentsandcarryingouttaskswithhumanguidance.13.What’sspecialaboutGoogle’sProjectMarinerfromparagraph3?A.Itcananswerstandardquestionsoveremail.B.Itcananalyseandjudgebrowsercontent.C.Itcanbookairlineandhotelticketsonitsown.D.Itcanfinalizeapurchaseonagrocerychain’swebsite.14.Howdoutility-basedAIagentsdifferfromgoal-basedagents?A.Theyputwhattheuserspreferfirst.B.Theypaylittleattentiontohowtoachievethegoals.C.Theycanintegrategoalsthatconflictwitheachother.D.Theyweighbenefitsoverriskswhenmakingdecisions.15.WhatisthepurposeofkeepinghumansintheloopwhenusingAIagents?A.LetusersmonitorAIdecisions. B.ReduceAIsystem-hackingrisks.C.StopAIagentsaccessingsensitivedata. D.TeachAIagentstomakeaccuratechoices.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了什么是人工智能代理，人工智能代理的功能以及人工智能代理存在的問題等情況?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ButwhatexactlyisanAIagent?Asacomputerscientist,Iofferthisdefinition:AIagentsaretechnologicaltoolsthatcanlearnalotaboutagivenenvironment,andthen—withafewsimplepromptsfromahuman—worktosolveproblemsorperformspecifictasksinthatenvironment.(但究竟什么是人工智能代理？作為一名計算機(jī)科學(xué)家，我給出了這樣的定義：人工智能代理是一種技術(shù)工具，它可以從給定的環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)很多東西，然后——在人類的一些簡單提示下——在該環(huán)境中解決問題或執(zhí)行特定任務(wù))”可知，人工智能代理是指在人類指導(dǎo)下學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境和執(zhí)行任務(wù)的工具。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TakeGoogle’sProjectMarinerasatypicalexample.Recently,Googledemonstratedittoreporters.It’sabrowserextensionforChromethatcanreasonaboutthetextandimagesonyourscreen.Inthedemonstration,theagenthelpedplanamealbyaddingitemstoashoppingcartonagrocerychain’swebsite,evenfindingsubstituteswhencertainingredientswerenotavailable.(以谷歌的ProjectMariner為例。最近，谷歌向記者展示了它。這是一個Chrome瀏覽器擴(kuò)展程序，可以推理屏幕上的文本和圖像。在演示中，該代理通過在雜貨連鎖店網(wǎng)站上的購物車中添加商品來幫助計劃一頓飯，甚至在某些食材不可用的情況下尋找替代品)”可知，谷歌的ProjectMariner可以分析和判斷瀏覽器頁面的內(nèi)容。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theygobeyondgoal-basedagentsbyprioritizingtheirusers’uniquepreferences.(它們通過優(yōu)先考慮用戶的獨(dú)特偏好，超越了基于目標(biāo)的代理)”可知，與基于目標(biāo)的代理相比，基于效用的人工智能代理把用戶的喜好放在首位。故選A?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Currently,developersofAIagentsarekeepinghumansintheloop,makingsurepeoplehaveanopportunitytocheckanagent’sworkbeforeanyfinaldecisionsaremade.(目前，人工智能代理的開發(fā)人員正在讓人類參與其中，確保人們在做出任何最終決定之前有機(jī)會檢查代理的工作)”可知，當(dāng)使用人工智能代理時，讓人類參與其中的目的是讓用戶監(jiān)控AI決策。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhyPeopleMayStareatYouYoumayhaveexperiencedthesituationwheresomeonestaringatyou,suchaswhenyou’requietlyseatedonabus,onlytofindthatthepersonacrossfromyouislookingatyourfeet.Didyouputontwodifferentshoes?No,youcheckyourshoes—botharethesame.___16___AnewstudybyHannahScottandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofLondonsuggestedthatpeoplestarebecausefaces,especiallytheeyes,providemanyusefulnon-verbalcluesaboutaperson’smentalstate.___17___Observingwhatotherslookatoffersaglimpseintotheirthoughts.___18___Thestudyalsofoundthatpeoplemayfocusonothers’lipsduringtalks.Ifyoufeelsomeone’sgazeonyourmouthwhilespeaking,it’slikelynotanindicationofromanticinterest,butratherthattheymightnothearyouwell.Similarly,peoplemaylookatyourhandswhenyougesture.Astheymaybetryingtounderstandyouractionswhenyouaretalkingorperformingatask.Thestudyshowedthatpeopletendtodirecttheirgazeatthepartofthebodythatprovidesthemostinformation.___19___Theygettheaudiencetofocusontheirfaceswhileperforminghandtricks.Thistechniquehelpsswitchattentionfromtheirhandsduringcardtricksorcoinmagic.Scott’sstudyconcludedthatpeoplearenotnaturallybiasedtofocusonsomeone’sface.Instead,theyaredrawntothebodypartsthatprovidethemostrelevantinformation.___20___Butwhensomeoneisperformingamanualtask,it’sthehandsthatdrawthegaze.Thisalsoexplainswhymagiciansoftentalktoengagetheiraudience’sattentionontheirfaceswhileperformingtrickswiththeirhands.A.So,whatcausessuchstares?B.Butit’snotjusteyesthatdrawstares.C.Theeyes,containsociallyrelevantinformation.D.Thisexplainshowmagiciansapplymisdirection.E.Ifsomeoneisspeaking,theeyesattractattention.F.Sometimes,suchintensestarescanmakeusfeeluneasy.G.Thewaypeopletalkcanalsoattractstaresduringconversations.【答案】16.A17.C18.B19.D20.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人們喜歡凝視他人的原因?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youmayhaveexperiencedthesituationwheresomeonestaringatyou,suchaswhenyou’requietlyseatedonabus,onlytofindthatthepersonacrossfromyouislookingatyourfeet.Didyouputontwodifferentshoes?No,youcheckyourshoes—botharethesame.(你可能經(jīng)歷過有人盯著你看的情況，比如當(dāng)你安靜地坐在公共汽車上時，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)對面的人在看你的腳。你穿了兩只不同的鞋嗎？不，你檢查你的鞋子——兩者是一樣的)”結(jié)合下文解釋凝視的原因可知，本句為過渡句，引出后文人們喜歡凝視的原因。故A選項“那么，是什么導(dǎo)致了這樣的凝視呢？”符合語境，故選A?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“AnewstudybyHannahScottandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofLondonsuggestedthatpeoplestarebecausefaces,especiallytheeyes,providemanyusefulnon-verbalcluesaboutaperson’smentalstate.(倫敦大學(xué)的漢娜·斯科特及其同事的一項新研究表明，人們之所以盯著別人看，是因為臉，尤其是眼睛，提供了許多關(guān)于一個人精神狀態(tài)的有用的非語言線索)”可知，上文提到人臉提供了一些精神狀態(tài)的線索，且強(qiáng)調(diào)了眼睛包含信息更多，故C選項“眼睛包含與社交相關(guān)的信息”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Thestudyalsofoundthatpeoplemayfocusonothers’lipsduringtalks.Ifyoufeelsomeone’sgazeonyourmouthwhilespeaking,it’slikelynotanindicationofromanticinterest,butratherthattheymightnothearyouwell.Similarly,peoplemaylookatyourhandswhenyougesture.Astheymaybetryingtounderstandyouractionswhenyouaretalkingorperformingatask.(研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們在談話時可能會關(guān)注他人的嘴唇。如果你在說話的時候感覺到有人盯著你的嘴看，這很可能不是對你有好感，而是他們可能聽不清你說的話。同樣，當(dāng)你做手勢時，人們可能會看著你的手。因為當(dāng)你說話或執(zhí)行任務(wù)時，他們可能會試圖理解你的行為)”可知，后文提到對話的時候人們會關(guān)注他人的嘴唇，即不只關(guān)注眼睛。故B選項“但吸引目光的不只是眼睛”符合語境，故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thestudyshowedthatpeopletendtodirecttheirgazeatthepartofthebodythatprovidesthemostinformation.(研究表明，人們傾向于把目光投向提供最多信息的身體部位)”以及后文“Theygettheaudiencetofocusontheirfaceswhileperforminghandtricks.Thistechniquehelpsswitchattentionfromtheirhandsduringcardtricksorcoinmagic.(他們在表演手技時讓觀眾把注意力集中在他們的臉上。這項技術(shù)有助于在玩紙牌或硬幣魔術(shù)時將注意力從他們的手上轉(zhuǎn)移開)”可知，后文提到了表演魔術(shù)，推測是用魔術(shù)師進(jìn)行舉例說明。故D選項“這就解釋了魔術(shù)師是如何誤導(dǎo)別人的”符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Scott’sstudyconcludedthatpeoplearenotnaturallybiasedtofocusonsomeone’sface.Instead,theyaredrawntothebodypartsthatprovidethemostrelevantinformation.(斯科特的研究得出的結(jié)論是，人們不會自然地偏向于關(guān)注別人的臉。相反，它們會被吸引到提供最相關(guān)信息的身體部位)”可知，本句承接上文，具體說明被吸引到關(guān)注的身體部位是什么。故E選項“如果有人在說話，眼睛會吸引注意力”符合語境，故選E。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15個小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MarcoPolo,themanwhobroughtChinatoEurope,camefromafamilyofmerchants.Whenhewasasmallchild,hisfatherNiccolòanduncleMaffeoalreadyhadsome___21___travelexperiences.TheyleftVenicein1261toexploretheEast,wheretheymetKublaiKhan(忽必烈).Theirmeetingwasoneofthegreatest___22___betweentheEastandWestinhistory.TherelationshiptheybuiltwiththeMongolsmadethem___23___,throughwhomknowledgeofEuropeandChinastartedtotravelinbothdirections.AfterreturningtoVenice,thebrothersplannedanotherjourneytoChina.Thistime,theybroughtMarco.In1271,they___24___.AfterthreeandahalfyearsoftravelingthroughCentralAsia,thePoloseventuallyreachedtheir___25___.Marco,thenaged21,becameoneofthefewtobereceivedbyKublaiKhan.Duringtheir17yearsofstayinChina,Marcowassentonmanyjourneysaroundthecountryandits___26___lands.In1295after___27___numeroushardships,theyreturnedhome.Marco’s___28___ofhisjourney,calledTheTravelsofMarcoPolo,becameabest-sellerduetoitsnew___29___intoadistantpartoftheworld.TheinformationMarco___30___offeredreadersfantasticdetailsaboutthe___31___places.Thebookalso___32___practicalinformationwhich___33___tomerchantswhowereinterestedininternationaltrade.TheimprovementofmapsofEastAsiamotivatednavigationfromwesttoeastand___34___traderelations.Henceforth,cooperationandtradebetweentheEastandWestbeganto___35___.21.A.conventional B.romantic C.frustrating D.remarkable22.A.modes B.experiments C.appointments D.encounters23.A.leaders B.pioneers C.advisors D.experts24.A.setup B.camedown C.setsail D.cameabout25.A.boundary B.destination C.homeland D.territory26.A.surrounding B.religious C.agricultural D.overseas27.A.assessing B.overcoming C.resisting D.witnessing28.A.assumption B.expectation C.account D.outlook29.A.passion B.insight C.intention D.conclusion30.A.predicted B.generated C.inferred D.revealed31.A.domestic B.remote C.urban D.deserted32.A.presented B.represented C.transformed D.evaluated33.A.appealed B.related C.contributed D.applied34.A.defended B.indicated C.strengthened D.prohibited35.A.integrate B.boom C.exist D.fade【答案】21.D22.D23.B24.C25.B26.A27.B28.C29.B30.D31.B32.A33.A34.C35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了馬可波羅去中國的游歷經(jīng)過以及他的《馬可波羅游記》的影響。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他還是個小孩子的時候，他的父親Niccolò和叔叔Maffeo已經(jīng)有了一些非凡的旅行經(jīng)歷。A.conventional傳統(tǒng)的；B.romantic浪漫的；C.frustrating令人沮喪的；D.remarkable非凡的。根據(jù)后文“TheyleftVenicein1261toexploretheEast,wheretheymetKublaiKhan.(他們于1261年離開威尼斯去探索東方，在那里他們遇到了忽必烈)”指他們有了一些非凡的旅行經(jīng)歷。故選D。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的相遇是東西方歷史上最偉大的相遇之一。A.modes模式；B.experiments實驗；C.appointments約定；D.encounters遇見。根據(jù)上文“wheretheymetKublaiKhan”指他們的相遇是東西方歷史上最偉大的相遇之一。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們與蒙古人建立的關(guān)系使他們成為先驅(qū)者，通過他們，歐洲和中國的知識開始雙向傳播。A.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；B.pioneers先驅(qū)者；C.advisors顧問；D.experts專家。根據(jù)后文“throughwhomknowledgeofEuropeandChinastartedtotravelinbothdirections.”可知，通過他們，歐洲和中國的知識開始雙向傳播，所以他們是先驅(qū)者。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：1271年，他們起航了。A.setup建立；B.camedown傳承；C.setsail乘船出發(fā)；D.cameabout改變方向。根據(jù)后文“AfterthreeandahalfyearsoftravelingthroughCentralAsia”可知，他們1271年起航旅行。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過三年半的中亞旅行，波羅兄弟終于到達(dá)了目的地。A.boundary邊界；B.destination目的地；C.homeland祖國；D.territory領(lǐng)土。根據(jù)上文“AfterreturningtoVenice,thebrothersplannedanotherjourneytoChina.(回到威尼斯后，兄弟倆計劃再去一次中國)”此處指波羅兄弟終于到達(dá)了目的地。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在中國的17年里，馬可多次被派往中國及其周邊地區(qū)旅行。A.surrounding周圍的；B.religious宗教的；C.agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的；D.overseas海外的。根據(jù)上文“Marcowassentonmanyjourneysaroundthecountryandits”指馬可多次被派往中國及其周邊地區(qū)旅行。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1295年，他們克服重重困難，回到了家鄉(xiāng)。A.assessing評估；B.overcoming克服；C.resisting抵制；D.witnessing目擊。根據(jù)后文“numeroushardships”可知，他們克服了困難回到了家鄉(xiāng)。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：馬可游記《馬可波羅游記》因其對遙遠(yuǎn)世界的新見解而成為暢銷書。A.assumption認(rèn)為；B.expectation期待；C.account描述，賬戶；D.outlook前景。根據(jù)后文“ofhisjourney,calledTheTravelsofMarcoPolo”指馬克對旅行的描述被稱為《馬可波羅游記》。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：馬可游記《馬可波羅游記》因其對遙遠(yuǎn)世界的新見解而成為暢銷書。A.passion激情；B.insight見解，洞悉；C.intention意圖；D.conclusion結(jié)論。根據(jù)上文“ofhisjourney,calledTheTravelsofMarcoPolo,becameabest-sellerduetoitsnew”可知，馬克的游記提供了對遙遠(yuǎn)世界的新見解。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：馬可透露的信息為讀者提供了關(guān)于那些遙遠(yuǎn)地方的奇妙細(xì)節(jié)。A.predicted預(yù)測；B.generated產(chǎn)生；C.inferred推測；D.revealed透露，揭示。根據(jù)上文“TheinformationMarco”指馬可透露的信息。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：馬可透露的信息為讀者提供了關(guān)于那些遙遠(yuǎn)地方的奇妙細(xì)節(jié)。A.domestic國內(nèi)的；B.remote遙遠(yuǎn)的；C.urban城市的；D.deserted被拋棄的。呼應(yīng)上文“intoadistantpartoftheworld”指遙遠(yuǎn)的地方。故選B。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書還提供了實用的信息，吸引了對國際貿(mào)易感興趣的商人。A.presented展示，呈現(xiàn)；B.represented代表；C.transformed改變；D.evaluated評估。根據(jù)后文“practicalinformation”指書中呈現(xiàn)了實用的信息，故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書還提供了實用的信息，吸引了對國際貿(mào)易感興趣的商人。A.appealed吸引；B.related聯(lián)系；C.contributed貢獻(xiàn)；D.applied應(yīng)用。根據(jù)后文“tomerchantswhowereinterestedininternationaltrade”這些信息吸引了對國際貿(mào)易感興趣的商人。故選A。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：東亞地圖的改進(jìn)促進(jìn)了從西向東的航行，加強(qiáng)了貿(mào)易關(guān)系。A.defended防御；B.indicated表明；C.strengthened加強(qiáng)；D.prohibited禁止。根據(jù)上文“TheimprovementofmapsofEastAsiamotivatednavigationfromwesttoeast”可知，東亞地圖的改進(jìn)促進(jìn)了從西向東的航行，加強(qiáng)了貿(mào)易關(guān)系。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從此，東西方之間的合作和貿(mào)易開始蓬勃發(fā)展。A.integrate合并；B.boom繁榮，快速發(fā)展；C.exist存在；D.fade褪色。上文“TheimprovementofmapsofEastAsiamotivatednavigationfromwesttoeast”提到東亞地圖的改進(jìn)促進(jìn)了從西向東的航行，加強(qiáng)了貿(mào)易關(guān)系，推測東西方之間的合作和貿(mào)易開始蓬勃發(fā)展。故選B。第二節(jié)（10個小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Recently,AdamClancy,achemistatUniversityCollegeLondonhaspublishedtherecipeforasortofpasta(意大利面)—“nanotini”,___36___isonly372nanometerswideandisonlycomprised___37___twoingredients:flourandformicacid(甲酸).Clancysaysitis___38___skinniestpastayetmade,buthedoesn’tintendtocreatespecialsforItalianrestaurants.Instead,histeamareconductingresearchonstarch(淀粉)nanofiberstomakebetterbandages.Idealwounddressingsaren’tsimple___39___(barrier).Theyshouldalsospeedrecovery.Starchnanofibersfromplantshavesuchadvantages.Starchnanofiberscanhelpthewoundheal___40___(incredible)fasterthancommonones.Becausestarchcanpromotethecellsaroundinjuriestogrow.Also,starchhasanothernaturalstrength.___41___(extract)fromgreenplants,itisoneofthemostcommonorganicsubstancesontheplanet.Previously,nanofibers___