新課改2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina學(xué)案含解析外研版必修3

PAGEPAGE19Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意1．philosophern． 哲學(xué)家2．philosophyn. 哲學(xué)3．a(chǎn)dvisern. 顧問(wèn)4．barkn. 樹皮5．leathern. 皮革6．monkn. 和尚_7．categoryn. 范疇；種類8．sutran. (佛教的)經(jīng)_Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形1．teachingn. (常作復(fù)數(shù))教化；學(xué)說(shuō)2．thinkern. 思想家3．principlen．[縱聯(lián)1] 原則；準(zhǔn)則4．positionn. 職位5．stressvt. 強(qiáng)調(diào)6．resignvi. 辭職7．kindnessn．[縱聯(lián)2] 和善8．loven. 仁愛(ài)9．softadj. 松軟的10．fueln．[縱聯(lián)3] 燃料11．conditionn. 狀況；條件；環(huán)境Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變1．equaladj.同等的；相等的v．比得上→equalityn．相等；同等→equallyadv.同等地；相等地2．importancen．重要；重要性→importantadj.重要的3．ordern．秩序→orderlyadj.整齊的；有秩序的4．influentialadj.有影響的→influencen．&v．影響5．honestyn．誠(chéng)懇→honestadj.誠(chéng)懇的[縱聯(lián)4]6．justicen．公正→justadj.公正的7．contributionn．貢獻(xiàn)→contributevi.貢獻(xiàn)；促成；造成8．inventvt.獨(dú)創(chuàng)→inventorn．獨(dú)創(chuàng)家→inventionn．獨(dú)創(chuàng)9．a(chǎn)rgumentn．爭(zhēng)論；辯論；爭(zhēng)論→arguevi.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)論；提出理由10．freedomn．自由→freeadj.自由的；空閑的；免費(fèi)的[縱聯(lián)5]縱聯(lián)1.易混單詞先辨清①principle原則 principal校長(zhǎng)②tissue組織 issue問(wèn)題；發(fā)行③affect影響 effect結(jié)果④dessert甜點(diǎn) desert舍棄⑤borrow借 sorrow哀思⑥wander閑逛 wonder想知道縱聯(lián)2.名詞后綴-ness大觀園①kindness和善 ②blindness盲目③darkness黑暗 ④weakness虛弱⑤loneliness孤獨(dú) ⑥awareness意識(shí)縱聯(lián)3.各種“燃料”選一選①fuel燃料 ②coal煤炭③oil石油 ④gas汽油⑤petrol汽油縱聯(lián)4.以-y結(jié)尾的名詞一覽①honesty誠(chéng)懇 ②difficulty困難③modesty虛心 ④discovery發(fā)覺(jué)⑤delivery投遞；交付 ⑥safety平安縱聯(lián)5.名詞后綴-dom薈萃①freedom自由 ②boredom無(wú)聊③kingdom王國(guó) ④wisdom才智單元話題——?dú)v史人物及事務(wù)子話題1歷史人物①emperorn．皇帝 ②queenn．女王；王后③ministern．大臣；部長(zhǎng) ④kingn．國(guó)王⑤empressn．女皇；皇后 ⑥princen．王子⑦princessn．公主 ⑧guardn．衛(wèi)兵子話題2歷史事務(wù)①dynastyn．朝代 ②slaveryn．奴隸制度③battlen．戰(zhàn)斗；戰(zhàn)役 ④originn．起源；由來(lái)⑤aggressionn．侵略 ⑥r(nóng)evolutionn．革命⑦uprisingn．起義 ⑧incidentn．事變⑨invadev．侵略 ⑩occupyvt.攻占?sacrificev．犧牲 ?betrayvt.出賣；泄露(機(jī)密)?feudaladj.封建(制度)的 ?primitiveadj.原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的?historicadj.歷史上聞名(或重要)的?historicaladj.與歷史有關(guān)的[學(xué)考對(duì)接·活學(xué)活用]高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用1．(2012·遼寧高考閱讀C)Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.Theseschoolsteach?bothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludedChineseart,historyandphilosophy?.SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequal?powerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.①寫出teach在本單元中的同根名詞：teaching②寫出philosophy在句中的含義：哲學(xué)③寫出equal的名詞形式：equality。其近義詞fair,just，意為：公允的；公正的2．(2010·江西高考閱讀C)Neitherphilosopher?livedintimesofpeace,thoughthereweremorewarsinGreecethaninChina.TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.Theurbanenvironment?inwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradical(激進(jìn)的)thanConfucius.UnlikeConfucius,Socrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.Thus,Socrateswasabletobemoreidealistic,focusingonissueslike?(free),andknowledgeforitsownsake.Confucius,ontheotherhand,advised?thoseingovernmentservice,andmanyofhisstudentswentontogovernmentservice.①寫出philosopher在句中的含義：哲學(xué)家②寫出environment在本單元中的近義詞：condition③用free的正確形式填空：freedom④寫出advised在本單元中的同根名詞：adviser高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用(依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及提示翻譯句子)1．(2024·天津高考書面表達(dá))我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的是我們小組現(xiàn)在正在找尋新成員。(stress)What_I_want_to_stress_is_that_our_group_is_looking_for_new_members_right_now.2．(2015·重慶高考寫作)只有這樣，我們才能為我們的家庭和社會(huì)做出巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。(contribution)Only_in_this_way_can_we_make_a_great_contribution_to_our_family_and_our_society.3．(2012·山東高考寫作)最終，參考一些好的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)很重要。(importance)Finally,_referring_to_some_good_English_study_websites_is_of_great_importance_in_learning_English.(二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑1．equaladj.同等的；相等的；勝任的vt.等于；比得上n．同等的人；相等的物[記牢](1)equal...with... 把……與……等同(2)beequalto(doing)sth. 等于；能勝任(做)某事beequalwith 與……同等equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事方面比得過(guò)、 敵得過(guò)某人/物withoutequal 無(wú)與倫比(3)equalityn. 相等；同等equallyadv. 相等地；同等地；同樣地[練通]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsports,andpayattentiontomentalhealthwhichisequaltophysicalhealth.②HongKongWetlandParkisequally(equal)attractiveinspringandautumn,fortheweatherispleasantinbothseasons.③WeChinesepeoplehavepersistentlyurgedtheequality(equal)ofnations,bigorsmall.補(bǔ)全句子④Iam_not_equal_totheposition,soIdon'tapplyforit.我不能勝任這個(gè)職位，因此我不會(huì)申請(qǐng)它。⑤Hispaintingsarewithout_equalinthewesternworld.他的畫作在西方世界無(wú)與倫比。[寫美]翻譯句子⑥他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到奢侈時(shí)間事實(shí)上等于自殺。They_don't_realize_that_wasting_time_is_actually_equal_to_killing_themselves.[聯(lián)想]表示“勝任……”的其他常見(jiàn)表達(dá)：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor2．ordern．秩序；次序；吩咐；訂購(gòu)；點(diǎn)菜vt.吩咐；訂購(gòu)；點(diǎn)(飯菜)[記牢](1)inorderof 以……的依次inorder 井然有序；整齊；按依次inorderto 為了outoforder 次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障placeanorderforsth.(withsb.) (向某人)訂購(gòu)某物(2)ordersb.todosth. 吩咐某人做某事orderthat...(should)do 吩咐……(應(yīng)當(dāng))做[練通]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I'dliketoplaceanorderforsometeawithyourcompany.②(2024·北京高考)Ordered(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.③Whyisitthatleaderssooftenrefusetoapologize,evenwhenapublicapologyseemstobeinorder?[用準(zhǔn)]order后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。[寫美]補(bǔ)全句子④(2024·北京高考書面表達(dá))為了在畢業(yè)前給大家留下一些難忘的回憶，我們班制作了一個(gè)特殊的視頻來(lái)表達(dá)我們對(duì)學(xué)校的感謝之情。In_order_to_leave_some_impressive_memories_for_all_of_us_before_graduation,_ourclassmadeaspecialvideotoexpressourappreciationofourschool.3．stressvt.強(qiáng)調(diào)；施壓于；使驚慌n.壓力；重音；強(qiáng)調(diào)[記牢](1)stresstheimportanceof 強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性u(píng)nderstress 在壓力之下underthestressof 在……壓力下；為……所迫lay/put/placestresson 強(qiáng)調(diào)；把重點(diǎn)放在……上(2)stressfuladj. 壓力大的；驚慌的stressedadj. 焦慮擔(dān)心的；心力交瘁的[練通]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whenunderstress,evenamostgentlepersoncanbebad-temperedandgetangryeasily.②Nowadaysmoreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregettingstressed(stress)intheirstudies.③Mostdoctorsandnursesliveunderstressful(stress)conditions.④Helaidparticularstressontheneedfordiscipline.[用準(zhǔn)]stressful“壓力大的”，通常修飾事物；stressed“焦慮擔(dān)心的”通常修飾人。[寫美]補(bǔ)全句子⑤為了給每個(gè)人強(qiáng)調(diào)這些歷史遺址的重要性和價(jià)值，政府已經(jīng)加強(qiáng)規(guī)定去愛(ài)護(hù)它們。To_stress_the_importance_and_value_of_these_historic_sites_to_everyone,_thegovernmenthasstrengthenedregulationstoprotectthem.4．conditionn．狀況；條件；環(huán)境[記牢](1)living/housing/workingconditions 生活/住房/工作條件undertheconditionsof... 在……條件下(2)beingood/bad/poorcondition 處于良好的/糟糕的狀態(tài)bein/outofcondition 健康/健康欠佳(3)oncondition(that)... 在……條件下；倘如onnocondition 決不[練通]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Heundertooktoimprovetheworkingconditions(condition)andtheworkerswereexpectingit.②Idon'tcareabouttheprice,solongasthecarisingoodcondition.③I'llletyouusemybikeonconditionthatyoucanreturnittomorrow.補(bǔ)全句子④Onnoconditioncan_we_give_up_our_dreams;_onlyifwesticktoourdreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.我們決不能放棄幻想，只有我們堅(jiān)持自己的幻想，才能夠克服各種挑戰(zhàn)。[用準(zhǔn)](1)onnocondition放于句首時(shí)，句子需部分倒裝。(2)condition表示“(工作、生活或住房等)條件”時(shí)，通常要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；而表示“狀況”時(shí)，則為不行數(shù)名詞。[寫美]翻譯句子⑤我寫信是想告知你，我們學(xué)校四周的生活條件發(fā)生了巨大的變更。I'm_writing_to_tell_you_that_great_changes_in_living_conditions_have_taken_place_around_our_school.[詞匯過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Despitethevarietyofinjuries,severalprinciples(原則)offirstaidcanapplytoallemergencies.2．Answeringthisquestionsuccessfullyshowsyoureallythinkaboutit.Italsoshowsyouareaseriouscandidatefortheposition(職位)．3．Hestressed(強(qiáng)調(diào))thatstudentsshouldliveuptocertainstandardsofbehaviour.4．Itisveryimportanttoteachthechildrenhowtodealwithothers'kindness(和善)andrudeness.5．Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoft(松軟的)orangeblanketcoveringthedesert.6．Edisonkepttryingoutsomenewideasuntilheinvented(獨(dú)創(chuàng))whathewanted.7．Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningoffuels(燃料)likecoal,gasandoil.8．Ifyouwanttosucceed,Ithinkthatsettingagoalforyourselfisofgreatimportance(重要)．9．Suchpeopleashavemadegreatcontributions(貢獻(xiàn))totheworldshouldbegreatlyrespected.10．We'retryingtomakeournewspaperbecomemoreandmoreinfluential(有影響的)inourcountry.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Insomecountries,whatiscalled“equality(equal)”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.2．Heisunderalotofstressrightnowbecausehehasbeenaddictedtodrugs.3．Theywereinthemiddleofanargument(argue)butbrokeoffwhensomeonecameintotheroom.4．Whatpublicfiguresshouldoffertotheirfansishonesty(honest)andhappiness.5．NobodyknowswhyJackresignedfromoffice,forhedidagoodjobinthecompany.6．Theword“tuhao”caughttheattentionofthedictionary'seditingteaminUKafteraBBC'srecentprogramoninfluential(influence)Chinesewords.7．Learningtoreadandwriteopensthedoortoabetterjobandbetterlivingconditions(condition)．8．Someinventions(invent)arewellreceived,butintermsoffunction,theyaren'tverysuccessful.Ⅲ.依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1．我的鬧鐘壞了，今日早上3點(diǎn)把我叫醒了。(order)Myclockwasout_of_orderandwokemeupat3thismorning.2．其次，要主動(dòng)向上和快樂(lè)，因?yàn)槟愕男睦斫】岛蜕眢w健康同等重要。(equal)Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthis_equal_to_your_physical_health.3．人們被建議把重點(diǎn)放在平衡飲食和適當(dāng)?shù)陌緹捝稀?stress)Peopleareadvisedtolay/put/place_particular_stress_onthebalanceddietandproperexercise.4．盡管已是八十高齡，這位老人依舊身體健康。(condition)Thoughinhiseighties,theoldmanisstillin_good_condition.5．這些改革為經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)定作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。(contribution)Thesereformsmade_a_major_contribution_tothestabilityoftheeconomy.(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)1．a(chǎn)gree_with 同意；與……相符；適合(某人)2．be_at_war_with[串記1] 與……交戰(zhàn)3．bring_up 哺育；撫養(yǎng)4．become/be_interested_in 對(duì)……感愛(ài)好5．a(chǎn)_sense_of_responsibility[串記2] 責(zé)任感6．be_proud_of 為……驕傲7．in_conclusion 總之8．for_the_first_time 第一次[同根短語(yǔ)串記](méi)串記1.“at＋n.”短語(yǔ)薈萃①atwar處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài) ②atpeace處于和平狀態(tài)③athand在手邊 ④atwork在工作⑤atrest在休息 ⑥attable在吃飯⑦atrisk境況危急；遭遇危急 ⑧atsea在航海；茫然⑨atlength最終；最終 ⑩atschool在上學(xué)串記2.sense相關(guān)短語(yǔ)精選①asenseofresponsibility 責(zé)任感②inasense 從某種意義上來(lái)說(shuō)③innosense/way 決不④makesense 講得通；有意義⑤makesenseof 理解；弄懂⑥asenseofdirection/humor 方向感/幽默感1．insociety在社會(huì)中2．followone'sadvice 遵循某人看法3．besimilarto 與……相像4．inthesecondhalfoftheeighteenthcentury 在18世紀(jì)后半葉5．a(chǎn)farmingsociety 農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)6．IndustrialRevolution 工業(yè)革命7．thousandsofpeople 成千上萬(wàn)的人8．inapoorandcrowdedconditions 在艱苦、擁擠的環(huán)境中1．Treatothersinthe_wayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。2．Menciusbelievedthatthe_reason_whymanisdifferentfromanimalsis_thatmanisgood.孟子認(rèn)為人區(qū)分于動(dòng)物的緣由就在于人性本善。3．However,wedo_knowthatin1092ADheinventedthefirstrealclock.然而，我們的確知道在公元1092年，他獨(dú)創(chuàng)了第一個(gè)真正的鐘表。[學(xué)考對(duì)接·活學(xué)活用]高考采擷(一)完形中的短語(yǔ)(補(bǔ)全句子)1．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ完形填空)“Moreinteresting,therearehundredsofCanadianswhoare_interested_in(對(duì)……感愛(ài)好)changingtheirnametoElizabethGallagher.”Axanisaid.2．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ完形填空)Onemorning,Ihadtobookanimmediateflighthomeforafamilyemergency.IranintoRani'sofficefor_the_first_time(第一次)．高考采擷(二)寫作中的短語(yǔ)和句式(補(bǔ)全句子)1．(2012·浙江高考書面表達(dá))在“英語(yǔ)讀書周”中，我的一個(gè)同學(xué)向我們舉薦了一句話：“你的將來(lái)取決于許多事情，但主要取決于你?！蔽彝耆膺@種觀點(diǎn)。IntheEnglishReadingWeek,oneofmyclassmatesrecommendedaquotetous,whichgoeslikethis:“Yourfuturedependsonmanythings,butmostlyonyou.”Ican'tagree_more_withthisview.2．(2010·福建高考書面表達(dá))總之，世界各地的人們應(yīng)當(dāng)意識(shí)到缺水的真實(shí)狀況，愛(ài)護(hù)現(xiàn)有的水資源，科學(xué)地探究潛在的水資源。In_conclusion,_peoplearoundtheworldshouldbeawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage,protectthepresentwaterresourcesandexplorepotentialonesscientifically.3．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))我的確信任你會(huì)玩得很快樂(lè)的。(do強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ))Ido_havetheconfidencethatyouwillhaveagreattime.4．(2011·陜西高考書面表達(dá))學(xué)校里的一些全優(yōu)學(xué)生在社會(huì)上沒(méi)有像他們預(yù)期的那樣勝利，緣由是來(lái)自他們父母的壓力讓他們幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間做其他的事情。(thereasonwhy...isthat...)The_reason_whysomeall-Astudentsinschoolhaveturnedoutnottobeassuccessfulinsocietyastheywereexpectedis_thatthepressurefromtheirparentsallowsthemalmostnotimeforotheractivities.(二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑[短語(yǔ)集釋]bringup哺育；撫養(yǎng)；教化；提出；嘔吐[辨清]寫出下列句中bringup的含義①Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.教化②Hebroughtupapracticalplaninthemeeting,whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.提出③Hewasdrunkandbroughtupwhathehadeatenatmidnight.嘔吐④Broughtupinabigcity,hefounditquitedifficulttofitinthecountryside.撫養(yǎng)；哺育[記牢]bringabout 引起；導(dǎo)致(事故、變更等)bringback 使某物復(fù)原；使回憶起某事bringdown 使……降低；使……倒下bringin 引入；賺得；掙得bringout 使顯現(xiàn)出；取出；闡明；出版[練通]單句語(yǔ)法填空⑤Thereasonwhythegoodsaresoldatsuchlowpricesisthatthemanufacturersarewillingtobringdownpricesinreturnforbigvolumeofpurchases.⑥Sharingwithfriendshelpedmebringbackmyconfidenceandfitinwithothers.⑦(2024·江蘇高考)WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasbroughtoutthebestinherasadoctor.[寫美]補(bǔ)全句子⑧我們受教化的方式，以及我們的文化背景，將會(huì)極大地影響我們對(duì)表達(dá)生氣的感受。The_way_we_are_brought_up,_and_our_cultural_background,_willverymuchinfluencehowwefeelaboutexpressinganger.[句式集釋]1．theway(that/inwhich)引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句[教材原句]Treatothersinthe_wayyouwanttobetreated.[悟拓展例句](1)Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingatthe_way_(that/in_which)hespeaksEnglish.我覺(jué)得你訕笑他說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的方式損害了他的自尊心。(2)The_way_that/whichcameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.在會(huì)議上提出的方法不切實(shí)際。(3)Isthisthewayyoucanimagineto_reduce/of_reducing_air_pollution?這是你能想到的削減空氣污染的方法嗎？[析用法規(guī)則]用法歸納(1)way表示“方式；方法”時(shí)，其后常接inwhich或that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，也可以將關(guān)系詞inwhich或that省略掉，此時(shí)關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。(2)way后接定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，假如關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)則用關(guān)系代詞that/which，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)還可以省略，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不行省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”時(shí)，其后還可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。[背寫作佳句](1)Yetinmodernsocietysomebodyhastodoordinaryjobssuchascleaningstreetsbecausethisisthewaysocietyisorganized.(要點(diǎn)句)(2)Schoolactivitiesareusuallyconsideredagoodwaytomakenewfriendsanddevelopnewinterests.(要點(diǎn)句)2．Thereasonwhy...isthat...[教材原句]Menciusbelievedthatthe_reason_whymanisdifferentfromanimalsis_thatmanisgood.[悟拓展例句](1)Thereasonwhy_he_has_had_such_a_success_is_thathenevergivesup.他之所以能取得如此大的勝利是因?yàn)樗麖牟环艞墶?2)Thereason(that/which)_he_explained_at_the_meetingwasthathedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.他在會(huì)議上說(shuō)明的理由是他沒(méi)有趕上第一輛公共汽車。(3)Whydon'tyoubelievethe_reason_that_my_car_was_held_upinthetrafficjam?你為什么不信任我的車被堵在路上的緣由呢？[析用法規(guī)則]用法歸納(1)thereasonwhy...isthat...，表示“……的緣由是……”，其中why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。(2)thereasonthat/which...，表示“……的緣由”，that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。(3)thereasonthat...，表示“……的緣由”，that后接同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明其內(nèi)容。留意事項(xiàng)reason用作先行詞時(shí)，首先推斷定語(yǔ)從句中缺少什么成分，假如缺少狀語(yǔ)，則要用關(guān)系副詞why或forwhich引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，why有時(shí)可省略；假如缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則要用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，that/which在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。[背寫作佳句](1)(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Thereasonwhywechoosethismovieisthatitrepresentsthedevelopmentofourbelovedschool,whichisnotonlyinterestingbutalsomeaningful.(開頭句)(2)(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))That'swhymoreandmorepeopleareinterestedinTangDynasty.(要點(diǎn)句)[詞塊、句式過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.選詞填空agreewith，besimilarto，beatwarwith，bringup，becomeinterestedin，beproudof，inconclusion，forthefirsttime1．Brought_upinahappyandwealthyfamily,Robertlearnedhowtoobservegoodmannersathome.2．Asyourfriend,IknowhowhardyouhavebeenstudyingChineseandIam_proud_ofyourachievement.3．In_conclusion,_asadults,wehavemoreresponsibilitiesonourshouldersandshouldtakemoreintoconsiderationwhenmakingdecisions.4．Thetwosidesdidnotagreeonthesubjectfor_the_first_time,_sotodaytheywillsitdownoncemoretohaveadiscussion.5．Someofourfriendscanbe_similar_tous,andsomeofthemcanhavemanydistinctionsinsomeways.6．Withthehelpofourteacher,webegantobecome_interested_inEnglish.7．Youlookwell.TheairandtheseafoodsinSanyamustagree_withyou,Isuppose.8．Howlongdoyouthinkthetwocountrieswillbe_at_war_witheachother?Ⅱ.依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．他沒(méi)得到這個(gè)工作的緣由是他的英語(yǔ)不好。(thereasonwhy...isthat...)The_reason_why_he_didn't_get_the_job_was_thathisEnglishwasnotverygood.2．你日常生活中發(fā)生的事情會(huì)變更你看待世界和世間的人的方式。(theway)Somethingthathappensinyourdailylifewillchangethe_way_you_look_at_the_worldandthepeopleinit.3．我現(xiàn)在很少熬煉，但我上初中時(shí)的確喜愛(ài)踢足球。(do強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ))Idon'ttakemuchexercisenow,butIdid_like_playing_football_when_I_was_injunior_school.4．(2024·北京高考書面表達(dá))我們?yōu)樽约焊械教貏e傲慢，信任我們可以為一個(gè)更美妙的世界做更多的事情。(beproudof)Weare_very_proud_of_ourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.5．Toconclude,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedme.→In_conclusion,_Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedme.(conclusion)Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Bekindtoothers.Irealizethisissimpleandverybasic.However,itisnecessaryanditdoesmake_a_difference.IoftenhavepeoplewhocrossmydailypathtowhomIcanshowkindness.Itisoftenjustasmile.Asmileoftensays,“Iseeyou.Youaren'tinvisibletome.Youareimportant.”Peopleneedsomeonetocareaboutthem.Ireadastorymanyyearsagoaboutamanwhohaddecidedtocommit_suicide.He'dlostafortune,hisjob,hisfamilyandnearlyeverythingheowned.Hewenttoalocalpawnshoptobuyagun.HeplannedtotakethegunbacktohisapartmentinNewYorkCityandkillhimself.Ashewasgettingontheelevator,alittleold_ladywasslowlygettingontoo.Shehadasmallcartshewaspullingbehindherandwashavingalittletroublegettingitintotheelevator.Hesaidthathewasactuallyabitangrybecausehewantedtohurry_up,_gettohisapartmentandendhisownlife.Hereached_out_totheoldlady'scartandforceditasithadbecomestuck.Hegotitfreeeasilyandshegotontheelevator.Afterthedoorclosed,shelookedupathimwithabigsmileandsaid,“Ifwehadmoreyoungmenlikeyouinthisworld,theworldwouldbeabetterplace.Youaresokindtohelp.Suchasweetyoungman.”O(jiān)fcourse,itchangedhisthoughtofgoingbacktokillhimself.HewantedtogoaroundNewYorkandfindpeoplethathecouldhelpandpeoplewhowerestrugglingevenwithsomethingthatwasassmallasthelittleoldlady'scart.留意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．至少運(yùn)用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)；3．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好；4．續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所運(yùn)用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。Paragraph1：Thatday,hislifechanged.Paragraph2：Later,heenjoyedgreatsuccessinhisworkandlife.[寫作步驟]第一步：速讀全文文本大意：一位年輕人幾乎失去了一切，所以確定自殺。他在乘電梯時(shí)遇到一位老太太，老太太行動(dòng)遲緩，手推車卡在了電梯口。年輕人為了能快點(diǎn)到家結(jié)束自己的生命，順手幫了老太太一把，受到了老太太的贊揚(yáng)。誰(shuí)料想老太太的贊揚(yáng)竟然變更了年輕人想要自殺的想法。敘述意圖：文章通過(guò)一個(gè)小故事彰顯與人為善的重要性。其次步：細(xì)讀全文1．所給短文情景模式分析。whoI,aman,anoldladywhatAmandecidedtocommitsuicide.Laterhegaveupthethoughtofkillinghimself.whenmanyyearsagowhereontheelevatorwhyHe'dlostafortune,hisjob,hisfamilyandnearlyeverythingheowned.Theoldladypraisedhimforhelpingher.2．對(duì)原文所供應(yīng)的下劃線詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行分類?！锶宋铮簅ldlady,family★事務(wù)：kind,kindness,small★動(dòng)作與心理描寫：commitsuicide,hurryup,reachoutto,change,makeadifference第三步：細(xì)心謀篇1．Paragraph1：Thatday,hislifechanged.那一天，他的人生發(fā)生了變更。[情節(jié)分析]留意續(xù)寫段首句關(guān)鍵詞“hislifechanged”，所以本段續(xù)寫部分圍繞變更寫，續(xù)寫還要考慮文章首段提到的“Bekindtoothers.”以及文中提到的“commitsuicide”這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，并綜合他自殺的緣由：失去財(cái)寶、工作、家庭等。還要提及他的想法變更的緣由：kindness。因此續(xù)寫第一段應(yīng)當(dāng)寫做好事給他帶來(lái)的變更。2．Paragraph2：Later,heenjoyedgreatsuccessinhisworkandlife.后來(lái)，他在工作和生活上特別勝利。[情節(jié)分析]其次段接著寫詳細(xì)在哪方面發(fā)生的變更，寫作時(shí)留意關(guān)鍵詞Later,enjoyed,success,workandlife，即下文應(yīng)當(dāng)寫將來(lái)的事情，要圍繞工作和生活兩個(gè)方面來(lái)寫。第四步：初寫成文Paragraph1：1．他起先和別人共享他的故事，很快，他發(fā)覺(jué)自己成了一個(gè)很受歡迎的預(yù)防自殺的代言人。Hestartedsharing_his_story_with_othersandsoon,hefoundhimselfbeingapopularspokesmanforthepreventionofsuicide.2．他預(yù)防自殺的方法簡(jiǎn)潔說(shuō)來(lái)是這樣的。Hisremedyforpreventing_suicidewassimplythis.3．假如你想結(jié)束你的生命，你在最終的幾個(gè)小時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)為他人做五個(gè)小的善舉。Ifyouwanttoendyourlife,yourlastfewhoursshouldincludedoingfivesmall_acts_of_kindnessforotherpeople.4．那會(huì)變更你，你會(huì)意識(shí)到世間的美妙，并確定活下去。Itwillchangeyouandyou'llwakeuptothegoodnessinthisworldanddecide_that_you_want_to_live.Paragraph2：5．他最終在一家公司找到了一份工作，月薪4000美元左右。Hefinallyfound_a_job_in_a_companyandhisincomewasabout＄4,000amonth.6．他還幫助過(guò)一位曾經(jīng)想自殺的女孩，最終兩人結(jié)婚了！Healsohelpedagirlwhowantedtocommitsuicideandfinallygot_married_toher!7．現(xiàn)在他有一個(gè)華蜜的三口之家，這都是因?yàn)樗麑?duì)那位老太太的小的善舉引起的。Nowhehasa_happy_family_of_threeallbecauseofthesmallactofkindnessheshowedtothelittleoldlady.8．他發(fā)覺(jué)自己有更多的目標(biāo)，過(guò)得比以前更華蜜了。Hefindshimselflivingwithmorepurposesandliving_a_happier_life_than_before.9．只要有可能，他就會(huì)幫助那些生活中有困難的人。Wheneveritispossible,hewillreachouttothose_in_troubleinlife.第五步：潤(rùn)色升級(jí)1．用高級(jí)詞匯替換要點(diǎn)3中的include。include→consist_of2．用withanincomeof改寫要點(diǎn)5。He_finally_found_a_job_in_a_company_with_an_income_of_about_＄4,000_a_month.3．把要點(diǎn)9改為省略句。Whenever_possible,_he_will_reach_out_to_those_in_trouble_in_life.第六步：復(fù)查定稿Paragraph1：Thatday,hislifechanged.Hestartedsharinghisstorywithothersandsoon,hefoundhimselfbeingapopularspokesmanforthepreventionofsuicide.Hisremedyforpreventingsuicidewassimplythis.Hesaid,“Ifyouwanttoendyourlife,yourlastfewhoursshouldconsistofdoingfivesmallactsofkindnessforotherpeople.Itwillchangeyouandyou'llwakeuptothegoodnessinthisworldanddecidethatyouwanttolive.”Paragraph2：Later,heenjoyedgreatsuccessinhisworkandlife.Hefinallyfoundajobinacompanywithanincomeofabout＄4,000amonth.Healsohelpedagirlwhowantedtocommit_suicideandfinallygotmarriedtoher!Nowhehasahappyfamilyofthreeallbecauseofthesmallactofkindnessheshowedtothelittleold_lady.Hefindshimselflivingwithmorepurposesandlivingahappierlifethanbefore.Wheneverpossible,hewillreach_out_tothoseintroubleinlife.理清文體結(jié)構(gòu)之(十七)爭(zhēng)論文之總分總結(jié)構(gòu)——觀點(diǎn)→論證→結(jié)論“總分總”類爭(zhēng)論文一般包括提出問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題三大部分，在內(nèi)容的綻開上常表現(xiàn)為“總分總”模式，即：首尾部分為“總”，中間分析問(wèn)題部分為“分”，中間部分為爭(zhēng)論文的難點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)，其呈現(xiàn)形式可以是分論點(diǎn)并列，也可以是遞進(jìn)式的延長(zhǎng)。不過(guò)，不管怎樣“分”，都應(yīng)在“總”的統(tǒng)攝之下，并且為“總”服務(wù)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)層次清楚，了解了論點(diǎn)是什么，如何論證的，結(jié)論是什么，便駕馭了文章大意，題目也會(huì)迎刃而解。[高考典例]2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ·D篇[讀文解題技法]總eq\a\vs4\al(分)總[1]Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmore_is_morewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?Thegoodnewsistha