2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit20NewFrontiersSectionⅢLesson2Lesson3-Pre-reading學(xué)案含解析北師大版選修7

PAGEPAGEPAGE1SectionⅢLesson2&Lesson3—Pre-reading[原文呈現(xiàn)]PIONEERSOFSCIENCEIfyouhadtochoosethesinglemostimportantdiscoveryofthe20thcentury,youwouldhavearealdilemma①onyourhands.Injust100years,theworldchangedcompletely.Amazingdiscoveriesweremade②inmedicine,communications③andtransport,nottomention④ourknowledge⑤oftheworldandspace.Medicaladvancesranged⑥fromdiscoveringthecausesofdiseasesundermicroscopes⑦tosurgicalprocedures⑧replacingdiseasedorganswithdonated⑨ones.Communicationschangedwiththeintroductionofmobilephonesandthewaywecorrespond⑩wentfromwritingletterstoemailing.Westartedflyingaroundtheworldandmeanwhile?，scientistsfiguredout?howtosplit?theatom,previouslythoughttobethesmallestparticleofmatterintheuniverse?.Althoughitisimpossibletochoosethemostimportantdiscovery,itispossibletosingleout?afewpioneersofthe20thcentury.Herearefiveofthem.[讀文清障]①dilemma/dI'lem?/n.逆境，進(jìn)退兩難的窘境inadilemma處于進(jìn)退兩難的境地②makeadiscovery發(fā)覺③communicationn．通訊④nottomention更不用說⑤knowledgen．學(xué)問，學(xué)問⑥r(nóng)angevi.(在肯定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng)，變更rangefrom...to...從……到……不等⑦microscope/'maIkr?sk??p/n.顯微鏡⑧procedure/pr?'si?d??/n.步驟；程序⑨organ/'??ɡ?n/n.器官donate/d??'neIt/vt.捐贈；贈送replacingdiseasedorganswithdonatedones是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，修飾surgicalprocedures。⑩correspond/?k?rI'sp?nd/vi.通信；符合?meanwhile/'mi?nwaIl/adv.同時(shí)(＝meantime)?figureout弄清晰，弄懂?split/splIt/vi.分開，分別?過去分詞短語作定語，修飾theatom。?singleout選擇出，選拔出(～for/as)科學(xué)發(fā)展的先驅(qū)者[第1～2段譯文]假如要選擇20世紀(jì)最重要的一個(gè)發(fā)覺，你將會面對一個(gè)真正的難題。僅僅100年，世界就完全變了。醫(yī)學(xué)、通訊和交通運(yùn)輸方面都有了驚人的發(fā)覺，更不用說我們對世界和空間的了解了。醫(yī)學(xué)的進(jìn)步包括從在顯微鏡下發(fā)覺疾病的起因到用捐贈器官替代病變器官這樣的外科手術(shù)過程。通訊隨著移動(dòng)電話的引入而變更，我們通信的方式也從寫信變成發(fā)電子郵件。我們起先在世界各地飛行，同時(shí)，科學(xué)家們發(fā)覺了怎樣分別原子，而原子以前被認(rèn)為是宇宙中最小的物質(zhì)微粒。雖然不行能選擇最重要的發(fā)覺，但是選擇出20世紀(jì)的幾個(gè)先驅(qū)者是可能的。以下是他們中的5位。Oneofthe20thcentury'spremier?scientistswasAlbertEinstein.Inthesummerof1905,thisoutspoken?youngmanwasrockinghisone-year-oldbabywhen?hewassuddenlyinspired.“E＝mc2”wasborn.E＝mc2showedhowasmallpieceofmasscouldproduceanunbelievableamountof?energy.Einsteinthenshowedinhis“theoryofrelativity?”thatnoteventime,massorlengthareconstant—theychangeaccordingtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))ourexperienceofthem.Einsteinhadalreadybecomeworld-famouseq\o(○,\s\up1(22))wheneq\o(○,\s\up1(23))ayoungex-lawyer,returningfromtheFirstWorldWareq\o(○,\s\up1(24))，startedworkinCalifornia.Usingthemosthigh-poweredtelescopeofthetimeeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))，hebeganthelong,slowprocessofexploringourgalaxyeq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).EdwinHubblewasabouttomakeastronomy'sgreatestbreakthroughofthecentury.Hediscoveredsmallareasofmisteq\o(○,\s\up1(27))whichwereinfactgalaxieslikeourown,millionsoflightyearsawayfromus,whichprovedthattheuniversewasvastlylargerthanhadpreviouslybeenthought.?premier/'premi?/adj.最重要的?outspoken/a?t'sp??kn/adj.直言的，坦率的?bedoingsth.when...是固定句式，意為“正在做某事，這時(shí)……”。?“anamountof＋不行數(shù)名詞”后跟謂語單數(shù)；“amountsof＋不行數(shù)名詞”后跟謂語復(fù)數(shù)。?theoryofrelativity相對論eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))accordingto依照，依據(jù)eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))world-famousadj.世界著名的eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))hadjust/alreadydone...when...剛剛/已經(jīng)……，這時(shí)/此時(shí)……eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))returningfrom...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))high-poweredadj.高性能的，馬力大的telescope/'telIsk??p/n.望遠(yuǎn)鏡using...time是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))galaxy/'ɡ?l?ksi/n.星系eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))mist/mIst/n.薄霧[第3～4段譯文]20世紀(jì)最重要的科學(xué)家之一是阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦。1905年的夏天，這個(gè)直率的年輕人正在搖著他一歲大的孩子，突然靈感就產(chǎn)生了?！癊＝mc2”誕生了。E＝mc2顯示出了質(zhì)量很小的物質(zhì)怎樣能產(chǎn)生出令人難以置信的巨大能量。之后愛因斯坦又在他的“相對論”中表明，甚至連時(shí)間、質(zhì)量和長度也不是長久不變的——依據(jù)我們對它們的了解，它們也會有所變更。就在愛因斯坦的名字響徹世界之時(shí)，從第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的戰(zhàn)場回來的一個(gè)年輕律師，起先了他在加利福尼亞的工作。用一臺在當(dāng)時(shí)倍數(shù)最高的望遠(yuǎn)鏡，他起先了漫長的對我們的星系的探究。埃德溫·哈勃即將實(shí)現(xiàn)本世紀(jì)天文史上最大的突破。他發(fā)覺小的霧區(qū)事實(shí)上是像我們自己的一樣的星系，離我們有幾百萬光年之遠(yuǎn)。這個(gè)發(fā)覺證明白宇宙比我們以前想象的要大得多。In1929,anotherfar-reachingeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))findingwasmadebythesonofaScottishshepherd.Beforehewentonholiday,biologistAlexanderFlemingleftadishwithbacteriainitinhislaboratory.Whenhecameback,henoticedsomethingstrange.Hedouble-checkedeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))andsawabluemouldeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))inthedisharoundwhichthebacteriahadbeendestroyedeq\o(○,\s\up1(31)).Thisbluemouldwasinfactthenaturalformofpenicillineq\o(○,\s\up1(32))，whichFlemingrealisedcouldbeusedtokillbacteriaeq\o(○,\s\up1(33)).Afewyearslater,penicillinwasbeingmass-producedeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))andhelpingtosavethelivesofmillions.Flemingremainedmodestabouteq\o(○,\s\up1(35))theamazingoutcomeeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))ofhisdiscovery.“Naturemadepenicillin，”hesaid,“Ijustfoundit.”DuringtheSecondWorldWar,whenFleming'sdiscoverywasfirsthelpingtocureeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))people,theUSNavyeq\o(○,\s\up1(38))waslookingforwaysofimprovingtheaccuracyoftheirmissileseq\o(○,\s\up1(39)).Thenavyturnedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(40))Eckert,anengineer,andMauchly,aphysicist,towrestleeq\o(○,\s\up1(41))withtheproblemandproduceamachinetodothejob.Althoughtheyonlyfinishedafterthewarin1946,itdidnotmatter.Thishugemachinewastheworld'sfirstcomputer,butitwasnothinglikeeq\o(○,\s\up1(42))ourcomputerstoday.Itmeasured100feetlongbyover10feethighandweighedover30tonnes.With18,000tubes,thousandsofcircuitseq\o(○,\s\up1(43))and6,000switches,itusedsomuchenergythatwheniteq\o(○,\s\up1(44))wasturnedon,thelightsinthelocaltownwentout！eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))far-reachingadj.影響深遠(yuǎn)的，廣泛的eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))double-checkv．再檢查eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))mould/m??ld/n.霉，霉菌eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))aroundwhichthebacteriahadbeendestroyed是“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))penicillin/?penI'sIlIn/n.青霉素，盤尼西林eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))whichFlemingrealisedcouldbeused...是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。which代替penicillin，作從句的主語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))mass-producevt.大量生產(chǎn)eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))bemodestabout對……虛心eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))outcome/'a?tk?m/n.后果，結(jié)果eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))cure/kj??/vt.治愈eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))navy/'neIvi/n.海軍eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))missilen．導(dǎo)彈eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))turnto求助于eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))wrestle/'resl/vi.努力解決；摔跤；搏斗eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))nothinglike一點(diǎn)兒也不像eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))circuit/'s??kIt/n.電路eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))so...that“如此……以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。該結(jié)果狀語從句中又包含了一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。[第5～7段譯文]1929年，又一個(gè)意義深遠(yuǎn)的發(fā)覺誕生了，發(fā)覺者是一個(gè)蘇格蘭牧羊人家的兒子。去度假之前，生物學(xué)家亞歷山大·弗萊明把一個(gè)帶有細(xì)菌的盤子放在試驗(yàn)室里。回來時(shí)，他留意到不同尋常的東西。他再檢查了一下，發(fā)覺盤子里有青色的霉斑，其四周的細(xì)菌都被殲滅了。事實(shí)上這些青色的霉斑正是青霉素的自然形態(tài)，弗萊明意識到青霉素可能被用來殺滅細(xì)菌。若干年后，青霉素被大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，幫助挽救了數(shù)百萬人的生命。他的發(fā)覺具有令人難以置信的成效，但是弗萊明對此很謙遜?！按笞匀粍?chuàng)建了青霉素，”他說，“我只是發(fā)覺了它。”其次次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，弗萊明的發(fā)覺第一次被用來幫助治療人們，這時(shí)美國海軍正在致力于找尋提高導(dǎo)彈命中率的方法。海軍方面對工程師?？颂睾臀锢韺W(xué)家莫克利尋求幫助來解決問題并制造一臺能完成這項(xiàng)工作的機(jī)器。雖然他們直到戰(zhàn)后的1946年才研制出這臺機(jī)器，但這無關(guān)緊要。這臺巨大的機(jī)器是世界上的第一臺計(jì)算機(jī)，但是它一點(diǎn)兒也不像我們今日的計(jì)算機(jī)。它長100英尺，高10多英尺，重30多噸。內(nèi)含18000個(gè)電子管，幾千塊電路板和6000個(gè)開關(guān)。它消耗的能量特殊多，以至于一開機(jī)時(shí)當(dāng)?shù)劓?zhèn)上的燈都會熄滅！Thesepioneersofthe20thcenturywerealldedicatedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(45))improvingthequalityeq\o(○,\s\up1(46))ofhumanlifeonearth,butsometimesbreakthroughdiscoveriesthathaveaffectedeq\o(○,\s\up1(47))ourlivestodayhappenedbymistakeeq\o(○,\s\up1(48))！Forexample,weareallgratefulforeq\o(○,\s\up1(49))thehandymicrowaveoventhatallowseq\o(○,\s\up1(50))ustopreparemealsinminutesandwehavePercySpencertothank.Thisinventor,with120patentstohisname,discoveredmicrowaveseq\o(○,\s\up1(51))whenhewasexperimentingwithradarsandnoticedachocolatemeltingeq\o(○,\s\up1(52))inhispocket.Thereisnodoubtaboutiteq\o(○,\s\up1(53)).Withoutthebreakthroughsofthesepioneersinscienceandtechnology,whetherluckyorplannedeq\o(○,\s\up1(54))，theworldasweknowittodayeq\o(○,\s\up1(55))wouldhavebeenaeq\o(○,\s\up1(56))completelydifferentplace.eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))bededicatedtodoing致力于做eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))qualityn．質(zhì)量，品質(zhì)，性質(zhì)quantityn．?dāng)?shù)量eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))affectvt.影響(＝haveaneffecton)eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))bymistake錯(cuò)誤地eq\o(○,\s\up1(49))begratefulfor感謝eq\o(○,\s\up1(50))allowvt.允許allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(51))microwave/'maIkr?weIv/n.微波爐eq\o(○,\s\up1(52))notice...doing留意到……正在做eq\o(○,\s\up1(53))Thereisnodoubtabout/that...毫無疑問……eq\o(○,\s\up1(54))whetherluckyorplanned是一個(gè)省略句，補(bǔ)全為whetheritwasluckyoritwasplanned。eq\o(○,\s\up1(55))asweknowittoday是as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(56))wouldhavebeen在此是虛擬語氣的用法，前面由without短語引出含蓄虛擬條件句。從句為過去式，則主句用“wouldhavedone”形式。[第8～9段譯文]這些20世紀(jì)的先驅(qū)者們都致力于提高地球上人類生活的質(zhì)量，但是，有時(shí)候，影響我們今日生活的突破性發(fā)覺卻是由于錯(cuò)誤而發(fā)生！例如，我們都很感謝便利的微波爐使我們能夠在幾分鐘之內(nèi)打算好飯菜，對此我們要感謝珀西·斯賓塞。這個(gè)名下?lián)碛?20個(gè)專利權(quán)的獨(dú)創(chuàng)家在用雷達(dá)做試驗(yàn)時(shí)留意到自己口袋里的一塊巧克力在熔化，從而發(fā)覺了微波爐。這一點(diǎn)是毫無疑問的，假如沒有這些科技先驅(qū)者們的突破，是否是由于幸運(yùn)還是有所安排，我們今日所熟識的這個(gè)世界將會是個(gè)完全不同的世界。Pre-readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．rescueA．orderorwayofdoingthings2．procedure B．tomakeagiftofsth.foragoodpurpose3．donateC．toexchangeletters4．correspond D．theresultoreffectofanactionorevent5．meanwhileE．toappearinaradioortelevisionprogrammeandintroducetheitemsinit6．splitF．todivide,ortomakesth.divideintotwoormoreparts7．premierG．mostimportant8．outcomeH．tosaveorbringawaysb./sth.fromdanger,loss,etc.9．cureI．a(chǎn)tthesametime10．presentJ．tomakesomeonewhoisillwellagain1～5____________6～10____________答案：1～5HABCI6～10FGDJELead-inCanyourecognisethesescientistsinthepictures?Doyouknowtheirmajordiscoveries?Pleasematchthemajordiscoverieswiththescientists.A．madetheworld'sfirstflightB．provedtheTheoryofGravitytobetrueC．inventedanadvancedsteamengineD．wastheinventoroftelephone答案：①D②C③A④BWhile-readingFast-reading1．What'sthemainideaofParagraph1?To_mention_the_scientific_breakthroughs_in_the_20th_century./To_mention_the_most_important_discoveries_of_the_20th_century.2．Listfivepioneersinthediscoveriesaccordingtothetext.①Albert_Einstein②Edwin_Hubble③Alexander_Fleming④Eckert⑤MauchlyCareful-reading(Ⅰ)True(T)orFalse(F)．1．PercySpencerdiscoveredmicrowavesbymistake.()2．Einsteinwasatworkwhenhethoughtoftheequation“E＝mc2”．()3．ThepersonwhodiscoveredpenicillinwasAlexanderFleming.()4．Fleminghadbeenstudyingbacteriainhislaboratorywhenthediscoveryhappened.()5．DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Fleming'sdiscoveryhelpedtocureplentyofpeople.()答案：1～5TFTFT(Ⅱ)Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.PioneersofScienceInthe20thcentury,amazingdiscoveriesweremadeinmedicine,communicationsandtransport;human'sknowledgeof1.the_world_and_spacegreatlyincreased.PioneersDiscoveries/InventionsSignificanceAlbertEinsteinE＝mc2Itshowedhowasmallpieceofmasscouldproduceanunbelievableamountof2.energy.3.Theory_of_relativityItshowedeventime，massandlengthcha-ngeaccordingtoourexperienceofthem.EdwinHubble4.Galaxieslikeourown,millionsoflightyearsawayfromusItprovedthattheuniversewasvastlylargerthanhadpreviouslybeenthought.5.AlexanderFlemingPenicillinIthelpedtosavethelivesofmillions.Eckert&MauchlyTheworld'sfirstcomputerItwasproducedtoimprovethe6.accuracyoftheUSNavy'smissiles.PercySpencer7.MicrowaveIthelpsustopreparemealsinminutes.Study-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Westartedflyingaroundtheworldandmeanwhile,scientistsfiguredouthowtosplittheatom,previouslythoughttobethesmallestparticleofmatterintheuniverse.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]我們起先在世界各地飛行，同時(shí)，科學(xué)家們發(fā)覺了怎樣分別原子，而原子以前被認(rèn)為是宇宙中最小的物質(zhì)微粒。2．Hediscoveredsmallareasofmistwhichwereinfactgalaxieslikeourown,millionsoflightyearsawayfromus,whichprovedthattheuniversewasvastlylargerthanhadpreviouslybeenthought.[句式分析]本句中有兩個(gè)which，第一個(gè)which引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，其次個(gè)which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。[嘗試翻譯]他發(fā)覺小的霧區(qū)事實(shí)上是像我們自己的一樣的星系，離我們有幾百萬光年之遠(yuǎn)。這個(gè)發(fā)覺證明白宇宙比我們以前想象的要大得多。3．Withoutthebreakthroughsofthesepioneersinscienceandtechnology,whetherluckyorplanned,theworldasweknowittodaywouldhavebeenacompletelydifferentplace.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]假如沒有這些科技先驅(qū)者的突破，是否是由于幸運(yùn)還是有所安排，我們今日所熟識的這個(gè)世界將會是個(gè)完全不同的世界。Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATheideaofcloningyourpetsoundslikealaughablewasteofmoney,becauseitis.Butitstartstoseemalittlelesslaughablewhenyourownbelovedpetstartsgettingolder.IfIhadhadafewhundredthousanddollarstospare,IknowIwouldhavehalf-seriouslyconsidereditformydearlittlecat,whodiedlastyear.OnecouplethatdoeshappentohaveafewhundredthousanddollarstospareisBarryDillerandDianevonFurstenberg,whohavereportedlyclonedtheirbelovedJackRussellTerrier(akindofdog),Shannon,andnowhavetwoidenticalJackRussellTerriers,namedDeenaandEvita.Whenyourpetdies,youjustwantyourpetback,oratleastascloseacopyasyoucanget.Soit'sreallynosurprisethatofthearound600dogsclonedbySooamBiotechResearchFoundationmostwereclonedforsadpetowners.ThelabinSeoul,SouthKorea,isnowtheonlyplaceontheplanetinthebusinessofcloningpetdogsforowners.But,infact,thetechnologywon'tgiveyouyourpetback.Theredon'tyetappeartobeanystudiesonthebehaviorofclonedpets,butresearchonclonedcowsandpigshassofarshownmarkeddifferencesinbehaviorandevenlooksinclonedanimals.TheDNAisexactlythesame,buttherearestilldifferencesinpersonalityandappearance.EvenifDillerandvonFurstenburgraisetheirnewdogsintheexactsameenvironmentintheexactsamewaythattheyraisedShannon,thenewdogswillstillbehavedifferently.“Thepromiseofpetcloningisthatyourclonedpetisgoingtobehaveandlookliketheoneyoualreadyhave—andthatwillnotbethecase，”saidProfessorJorgePiedrahitaatN．C.State.“We'veclonedanimalsthatwereraisedinthesameenvironment,buttheystilldidn'tactthesame.”語篇解讀：本文是爭論文。盡管寵物克隆技術(shù)已經(jīng)比較成熟，但克隆出來的寵物并不能與原來那個(gè)一模一樣。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutthelabinSeoul?A．Itwassetupbysomepetowners.B．Ithasclonedhundredsofpetdogs.C．Itchargesnothingforitsservices.D．Ithasclonedacatfortheauthor.解析：選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“Soit'sreallynosurprisethatofthearound600dogsclonedbySooamBiotechResearchFoundationmostwereclonedforsadpetowners.”可知，這家試驗(yàn)室已經(jīng)克隆了幾百只寵物狗。2．Whydoestheauthormentionthestudiesonclonedcowsandpigs?A．Toexplainwhyfarmanimalsarecloned.B．Todiscusswhypetcloningissopopular.C．Toshowclonedanimalsareverydifferentfromeachother.D．Toprovecloningisnotagoodwaytobringpetsfromthedead.解析：選D推理推斷題。由第三段中的“butresearchonclonedcowsandpigshassofarshownmarkeddifferencesinbehaviorandevenlooksinclonedanimals.TheDNAisexactlythesame,buttherearestilldifferencesinpersonalityandappearance.”可知，作者提到關(guān)于克隆牛和豬的探討是為了說明克隆出來的寵物會與原來那個(gè)寵物不一樣，因此克隆并不是一個(gè)挽回自己原有寵物的好方法。3．Whatwillthecouplebelikelytofindoutabouttheirnewdogs?A．They'llgrowinaverystrangeway.B．They'lldisliketheirnewenvironment.C．They'llactdifferentlyfromShannon.D．They'llhavethesamepersonalityasShannon.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段中的“thenewdogswillstillbehavedifferently”可知，這對夫婦會發(fā)覺他們的克隆狗與原來的Shannon在行為舉止上并不相同。4．WhatwasPiedrahita'sattitudetowardsthelab'spromiseofpetcloning?A．Hedisbelievedit.B．Hewasworriedaboutit.C．Hewascautiousaboutit.D．Heshowedmuchinterestinit.解析：選A推理推斷題。由最終一段中的“thatwillnotbethecase”可知，Piedrahita并不信任這樣的承諾。BIamamemberoftheYoungPeople'sChorus(YPC)ofNewYorkCity.Thechorusismadeupofchildrenaged8to18.I'vebeeninthechorusforalmostfiveyears,andIlovethecommunityof“youngartists.”Everyyear,wegiveabigperformancetoraisemoneyfortheorganization.It'sthebiggestconcertoftheyearandisheldatLincolnCenter.Alotofworkgoesintothefinalperformance.First,webeginlearningourmusic.Weusuallystartbylearningthenotes,andthenweaddthewords.Someonecomesintoteachusthemeaningandpronunciationofthelyrics(歌詞)ifthewordsarenotinEnglish.Next,wememorizethewholesong,evenifweonlysingpartofit.OneofthehardestpieceswesangthisyearwasTjak！，asonginspiredbyaBalineseMonkeyChant.Ithasfourparts,eachwithadifferentrhythm.Onceweadddynamics(力度變更)tooursongstogivethemlife,it'stimetoaddchoreography.JacquieBird,thedirector,tellsustoconnectthewordswesingtoourmovementsaswebreatheandcountinourheads.Aswegetclosertotheconcertnight,therehearsals(彩排)gettougher.Sometimes,wedoaquickreview,andsometimeswesingthewholesong.Mykneesandarmsstarttoache.Butoncewegetabreakandsomefood,wecomebackfeelingbetter.Werehearseonweekendsforalmostamonthbeforehand;everymomentisimportantandworthit.Therealexcitementcomesduringtherehearsal,whenwemeetourguestartists.Thisyear,YPCinvitedMandyGonzales,AlexandraSocha,andTimeforThreetojoinus.Afterhearingthatwewouldworkwiththem,wejumpedupanddownbackstageasquietlyaswecould.Showtime！WesangwithmusicalguestsandperformeddancesthatseemedasiftheycamestraightfromaBroadwayshow.Attheendofthenight,wescreamedwithexcitementbackstage.Forallofus,pullingoffthebiggestperformanceoftheyearfeltgreat.語篇解讀：本文是記敘文。作者講解并描述了自己所在的合唱團(tuán)一年一次的大型表演的打算工作和演出狀況。5．Whyisabigperformancegivenyearly?A．TocollectmoneyforYPC.B．Topickexcellentperformers.C．Toshowkids'talentforacting.D．TocelebratethesuccessofYPC.解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Everyyear,wegiveabigperformancetoraisemoneyfortheorganization.”可知，每年一次的大型表演是為YPC籌集資金。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“choreography”inParagraph4mean?A．Lyrics. B．Games.C．Videos. D．Dances.解析：選D詞義揣測題。由畫線詞之前的“Onceweadddynamicstooursongs”和畫線詞之后的“connectthewordswesingtoourmovementsaswebreatheandcountinourheads”可知，為了使歌曲富有活力，須要增加舞步。7．Whatexcitestheauthormostduringtherehearsal?A．Gettingarestaftertoughhours.B．WorkingwithJacquie.C．Meetingguestartists.D．Havingsomefood.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)其次段中的“Therealexcitementcomesduringtherehearsal,whenwemeetourguestartists.”和“Afterhearingthatwewouldworkwiththem,wejumpedupanddownbackstageasquietlyaswecould.”可知，能結(jié)識特約嘉賓讓作者感到特別興奮。8．Howdidtheauthorfeelattheendoftheconcertnight?A．Shocked. B．Regretful.C．Thankful. D．Overjoyed.解析：選D推理推斷題。由最終一段中的“Attheendofthenight,wescreamedwithexcitementbackstage.”可知，表演結(jié)束之后，作者和同伴們欣喜若狂。CWelcometotheCivicArtMuseum'sExhibitofWestAfricanArt,showingpiecesfromourcollections.BackgroundThepeoplesofWestAfrica,includingtheYoruba,theDogon,theIgbo,andtheAkan,havealongarttradition.Tribes(部落)intheareahavedevelopeddifferentstylesofartandarchitecturethataresuitedtotheclimateandavailablematerialsandbasedontheirtraditions.GalleryA:PhotographsofTraditionalWestAfricanArchitectureThissectionshowshistoricalandcontemporaryphotographsoftraditionalWestAfricanarchitecture.OfparticularinterestarethephotographsoftheDogonvillage.ThedesignoftheDogonvillageisbasedonthehumanfigure.CertaintypesofbuildingsareplacedinparticularareasaccordingtotheDogon'scomplexphilosophical(哲學(xué)上的)tradition.Forexample,themen'shousesareplacedinthe“head”ofthevillage,theleader'shouseisinthe“chest，”andthewomen'shousesareinthe“hands.”GalleryB:WestAfricanMasksTheartofmaskmakingiswelldevelopedinWestAfrica.MasksareimportanttoWestAfricantraditionsandhaveclearsocial,political,andeconomicroles.However,mostmasksarewornonlyatparticulartimesoronspecialoccasions.Forexample,amongtheDanandtheKota,certainpeoplewearspecialmaskstoshowtheirpowerwhentheyactasjudgesandpolicemenwithinthecommunity.AmongtheBambaraofMali,headdressesarewornduringplantingandharvestcelebrations.GalleryC:WestAfricanSculpturesWestAfricansculpturesaremadefrommaterialssuchasmetalorwood.Theyarebasedontribaltraditionsandarequitedifferent.TheDogonareespeciallyknownformakingfiguresoftheirancestors.Theybelievetheirancestors,calledNommo,camedownfromtheskyatthebeginningoftime.Nommofiguresareoftenshownwiththeirhandsreachingouttothesky.ThecollectioncontainsseveralwonderfulexamplesofNommosculptures.語篇解讀：本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了CivicArtMuseum的一個(gè)展覽，并對每個(gè)展覽館的展品進(jìn)行了概述。9．WhatisspecialaboutDogonhouses?A．Theyareshapedlikehumanbeings.B．Theyaredesignedbythevillageleader.C．Theyaregroupedaccordingtotradition.D．Theyhavemanyphotographsinsidethem.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由GalleryA部分中的“CertaintypesofbuildingsareplacedinparticularareasaccordingtotheDogon'scomplexphilosophicaltradition.”可知答案。10．WestAfricanmasks________.A．haverecentlydevelopedB．playmanydifferentrolesC．a(chǎn)remainlywornatharvesttimeD．showtheeverydaylifeoftheDan解析：選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由GalleryB部分中的“MasksareimportanttoWestAfricantraditionsandhaveclearsocial,political,andeconomicroles.”可知，面具在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域均發(fā)揮著重要作用。11．WhatdoweknowabouttheDogonpeople?A．TheyareafraidofNommofigures.B．Theymakestatuesoftheirancestors.C．Theybelievetheywillreturntothesky.D．Theystraightentheirarmstoshowresp