2025PETS二級試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全英語應(yīng)用

2025PETS二級試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全英語應(yīng)用考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、詞匯選擇要求：從下列選項(xiàng)中選擇與括號內(nèi)單詞意義最相近的詞。1.Thesystemisdesignedtopreventunauthorizedaccess.a)illegalb)permittedc)approvedd)forbidden2.Encryptionisusedtoprotectdataduringtransmission.a)encodingb)decodingc)transmissiond)decryption3.Afirewallisasecuritydevicethatmonitorsincomingandoutgoingnetworktraffic.a)securityb)networkc)trafficd)device4.Malwarereferstomalicioussoftwaredesignedtoharmorexploitacomputersystem.a)harmfulb)beneficialc)neutrald)unknown5.Authenticationistheprocessofverifyingtheidentityofauserordevice.a)identificationb)authorizationc)accessd)encryption6.Avirusisatypeofmalwarethatcanreplicateitselfandspreadtoothercomputers.a)wormb)Trojanc)spywared)adware7.Anintrusiondetectionsystem(IDS)monitorsnetworktrafficforsuspiciousactivity.a)securityb)monitoringc)detectiond)analysis8.Apasswordisastringofcharactersusedtoauthenticateauser.a)codeb)keyc)PINd)ID9.Asecuritybreachoccurswhenunauthorizedaccesstosensitiveinformationisgained.a)intrusionb)breachc)attackd)vulnerability10.Asecurityprotocolisasetofrulesandproceduresusedtosecurenetworkcommunications.a)standardb)protocolc)ruled)procedure二、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下列文章，然后根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答問題。A.Article:TheImportanceofNetworkSecurityNetworksecurityisessentialforprotectingsensitivedataandensuringtheconfidentiality,integrity,andavailabilityofinformation.Withtheincreasingamountofdatabeingtransmittedovernetworks,theriskofunauthorizedaccessanddatabreacheshasbecomemoresignificant.Oneoftheprimarygoalsofnetworksecurityistopreventunauthorizedaccesstosystemsanddata.Thiscanbeachievedthroughvariousmeasures,suchasfirewalls,intrusiondetectionsystems,andencryption.Firewallsactasabarrierbetweeninternalandexternalnetworks,controllingtheflowoftrafficandblockingunauthorizedaccess.IDSmonitorsnetworktrafficforsuspiciousactivity,alertingadministratorstopotentialthreats.Encryptionisanothercrucialcomponentofnetworksecurity.Itensuresthatdataistransmittedsecurelyandcannotbeinterceptedorreadbyunauthorizedindividuals.Byusingencryptionalgorithms,sensitiveinformationistransformedintoanunreadableformat,whichcanonlybedecryptedbyauthorizedparties.Inadditiontopreventingunauthorizedaccess,networksecurityalsofocusesonensuringtheintegrityofdata.Dataintegrityreferstotheaccuracyandconsistencyofinformation.Measuressuchaschecksumsanddigitalsignaturesareusedtoverifytheintegrityofdataduringtransmissionandstorage.Finally,networksecurityaimstoensuretheavailabilityofinformation.Availabilityreferstotheabilityofuserstoaccessinformationwhenneeded.Thiscanbeaffectedbyvariousfactors,suchashardwarefailures,naturaldisasters,andcyberattacks.Tomitigatetheserisks,organizationsimplementbackupanddisasterrecoveryplanstoensurethatdataisrecoverableandsystemscanberestoredquickly.B.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarygoalofnetworksecurity?a)Toensuretheconfidentiality,integrity,andavailabilityofinformationb)Toencryptalldatatransmittedoverthenetworkc)Topreventhardwarefailuresd)Toeliminateallcyberthreats2.Whichofthefollowingmeasurescanhelppreventunauthorizedaccesstosystemsanddata?a)Firewallsb)IDSc)Encryptiond)Alloftheabove3.Whatisthemainpurposeofencryptioninnetworksecurity?a)Toensuretheconfidentialityofdatab)Tocontroltheflowoftrafficc)Toverifytheintegrityofdatad)Topreventhardwarefailures4.Whatdoesdataintegrityreferto?a)Theaccuracyandconsistencyofinformationb)Theabilityofuserstoaccessinformationwhenneededc)Theprocessofencryptingdatad)TheuseoffirewallsandIDS5.Whichofthefollowingisnotafactorthatcanaffecttheavailabilityofinformation?a)Hardwarefailuresb)Naturaldisastersc)Databreachesd)Employeeerrors6.Whatisthemainpurposeofbackupanddisasterrecoveryplansinnetworksecurity?a)Toensuretheconfidentialityofdatab)Topreventunauthorizedaccessc)Tomitigateriskstoinformationavailabilityd)Toencryptalldatatransmittedoverthenetwork7.Whichofthefollowingisnotatypeofmalware?a)Virusb)Wormc)Trojand)Employee8.Whatisthemainpurposeofafirewallinnetworksecurity?a)Tomonitornetworktrafficforsuspiciousactivityb)Topreventunauthorizedaccesstosystemsanddatac)Toencryptalldatatransmittedoverthenetworkd)Toverifytheintegrityofdata9.Whatistheprocessofverifyingtheidentityofauserordevicecalled?a)Authenticationb)Authorizationc)Accessd)Encryption10.Whatisasecuritybreach?a)Whenunauthorizedaccesstosensitiveinformationisgainedb)Whenahardwarefailureoccursc)Whenanaturaldisasterstrikesd)Whendataisencrypted四、完形填空要求：閱讀下列短文，從每個(gè)句子所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasbecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyears,asmoreandmoredevicesareconnectedtotheinternet.Thishasledtoasignificantincreaseintheamountofdatabeingtransmittedovernetworks.However,withthisincreaseinconnectivitycomestheneedforrobustsecuritymeasurestoprotectagainstpotentialthreats.ThefirstlineofdefenseinIoTsecurityisoftentheuseofstrong_11_.Theseareusedtoauthenticateusersandensurethatonlyauthorizedindividualshaveaccesstosensitivedata.Commontypesofauthenticationincludepasswords,biometrics,andtwo-factorauthentication.11.a)encryptionb)firewallsc)authenticationd)intrusiondetectionsystems_12_playacrucialroleinprotectingIoTdevicesfromunauthorizedaccess.Theymonitornetworktrafficforsuspiciousactivityandalertadministratorstopotentialthreats.Somecommontypesof_13_includeintrusionpreventionsystems(IPS)andnetworkbehavioranalysis(NBA).12.a)Firewallsb)Authenticationmethodsc)Intrusiondetectionsystemsd)Encryptionalgorithms_14_isanotherimportantaspectofIoTsecurity.Itensuresthatdataistransmittedsecurelyandcannotbeinterceptedorreadbyunauthorizedindividuals.Commonencryptionmethodsincludesymmetrickeyencryptionandpublickeyencryption.14.a)Authenticationb)Authorizationc)Encryptiond)Intrusiondetection15.OneofthemainchallengesinIoTsecurityisthe_15_ofdevices.ManyIoTdevicesarenotdesignedwithsecurityinmind,whichmakesthemvulnerabletoattacks.Toaddressthisissue,manufacturersneedtoprioritizesecurityduringthedesignanddevelopmentprocess.15.a)complexityb)simplicityc)diversityd)vulnerability五、翻譯要求：將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全對于保護(hù)敏感數(shù)據(jù)以及確保信息的機(jī)密性、完整性和可用性至關(guān)重要。2.加密技術(shù)確保數(shù)據(jù)在傳輸過程中安全，防止未授權(quán)的個(gè)人攔截或讀取數(shù)據(jù)。3.隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的不斷增多，網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全已成為一個(gè)日益重要的議題。4.制造商需要在設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)過程中優(yōu)先考慮安全性，以解決設(shè)備易受攻擊的問題。5.入侵檢測系統(tǒng)（IDS）在監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量并提醒管理員潛在威脅方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。六、簡答題要求：簡要回答下列問題。1.簡述物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全的主要目標(biāo)。2.解釋什么是身份驗(yàn)證，并列舉幾種常見的身份驗(yàn)證方法。3.說明加密在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全中的作用，并舉例說明兩種常見的加密方法。4.為什么物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的安全性是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)？制造商應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對這個(gè)問題？5.描述入侵檢測系統(tǒng)（IDS）在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全中的作用。本次試卷答案如下：一、詞匯選擇1.d)forbidden解析：根據(jù)句意“該系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)用于防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)的訪問”，選項(xiàng)d)forbidden（禁止的）最符合語境。2.a)encoding解析：根據(jù)句意“加密用于在傳輸過程中保護(hù)數(shù)據(jù)”，選項(xiàng)a)encoding（編碼）表示對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行加密處理。3.d)device解析：根據(jù)句意“防火墻是一種監(jiān)控進(jìn)出網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量的安全設(shè)備”，選項(xiàng)d)device（設(shè)備）最符合語境。4.a)harmful解析：根據(jù)句意“惡意軟件是指旨在損害或利用計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的惡意軟件”，選項(xiàng)a)harmful（有害的）表示軟件的破壞性。5.a)identification解析：根據(jù)句意“身份驗(yàn)證是驗(yàn)證用戶或設(shè)備身份的過程”，選項(xiàng)a)identification（身份識別）表示確認(rèn)身份。6.a)worm解析：根據(jù)句意“病毒是一種能夠自我復(fù)制并傳播到其他計(jì)算機(jī)的惡意軟件”，選項(xiàng)a)worm（蠕蟲）是一種可以自我傳播的惡意軟件。7.c)detection解析：根據(jù)句意“入侵檢測系統(tǒng)（IDS）監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量以檢測可疑活動(dòng)”，選項(xiàng)c)detection（檢測）表示發(fā)現(xiàn)可疑行為。8.a)code解析：根據(jù)句意“密碼是一串用于驗(yàn)證用戶身份的字符”，選項(xiàng)a)code（代碼）表示密碼是一種編碼。9.b)breach解析：根據(jù)句意“安全漏洞發(fā)生時(shí)，未經(jīng)授權(quán)獲取敏感信息”，選項(xiàng)b)breach（漏洞）表示安全漏洞。10.a)standard解析：根據(jù)句意“安全協(xié)議是一套用于保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信的規(guī)則和程序”，選項(xiàng)a)standard（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）表示一套規(guī)則。二、閱讀理解1.a)Toensuretheconfidentiality,integrity,andavailabilityofinformation解析：根據(jù)文章第一段，網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的目的是確保信息的機(jī)密性、完整性和可用性。2.d)Alloftheabove解析：根據(jù)文章第二段，防火墻、入侵檢測系統(tǒng)和加密都是防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)訪問的措施。3.a)Toensuretheconfidentialityofdata解析：根據(jù)文章第三段，加密的主要目的是確保數(shù)據(jù)的機(jī)密性。4.a)Theaccuracyandconsistencyofinformation解析：根據(jù)文章第四段，數(shù)據(jù)完整性指的是信息的準(zhǔn)確性和一致性。5.c)Databreaches解析：根據(jù)文章第五段，數(shù)據(jù)泄露會(huì)影響信息的可用性。6.c)Tomitigateriskstoinformationavailability解析：根據(jù)文章第六段，備份和災(zāi)難恢復(fù)計(jì)劃旨在減輕信息可用性的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。7.d)Employee解析：根據(jù)文章第七段，惡意軟件不包括員工。8.b)Topreventunauthorizedaccess解析：根據(jù)文章第八段，防火墻的主要目的是防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)的訪問。9.a)Authentication解析：根據(jù)文章第九段，身份驗(yàn)證是驗(yàn)證用戶或設(shè)備身份的過程。10.a)Whenunauthorizedaccesstosensitiveinformationisgained解析：根據(jù)文章第十段，安全漏洞是指未經(jīng)授權(quán)獲取敏感信息的情況。四、完形填空11.c)authentication解析：根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)填入與“身份驗(yàn)證”相關(guān)的詞，選項(xiàng)c)authentication（身份驗(yàn)證）符合語境。12.c)Intrusiondetectionsystems解析：根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)填入與“入侵檢測系統(tǒng)”相關(guān)的詞，選項(xiàng)c)Intrusiondetectionsystems（入侵檢測系統(tǒng)）符合語境。13.c)Intrusiondetectionsystems解析：根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)填入與“入侵檢測系統(tǒng)”相關(guān)的詞，選項(xiàng)c)Intrusiondetectionsystems（入侵檢測系統(tǒng)）符合語境。14.c)Encryption解析：根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)填入與“加密”相關(guān)的詞，選項(xiàng)c)Encryption（加密）符合語境。15.d)vulnerability解析：根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)填入與“易受攻擊”相關(guān)的詞，選項(xiàng)d)vulnerability（易受攻擊）符合語境。五、翻譯1.InternetofThings(IoT)securityiscrucialforprotectingsensitivedataandensuringtheconfidentiality,integrity,andavailabilityofinformation.2.Authenticationistheprocessofverifyingtheidentityofauserordevice,andcommonmethodsincludepasswords,biometrics,andtwo-factorauthentication.3.Encryptiontechnologyensuresthatdataistransmittedsecurelyandcannotbeinterceptedorreadbyunauthorizedindividuals,withcommonmethodsincludingsymmetrickeyencryptionandpublickeyencryption.4.ThesecurityofIoTdevicesisachallengebecausemanydevicesarenotdesignedwithsecurityinmind,andmanufacturersshouldprioritizesecurityduringthedesignanddevelopmentprocess.5.IntrusionDetectionSystems(IDS)playa