Unit5- 單元測(cè)試卷（課標(biāo)版）（解析版）2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語單元培優(yōu)練

Unit5單元培優(yōu)練第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEveryday,artcomesaliveintheMetropolitanMuseumofArtandthroughitsexhibitionsandevents,revealingnewideasandunexpectedconnectionsacrosstimeandacrosscultures.MakingTheMet1870-2020ThesignatureexhibitionofTheMet’s150th-annivei-saryyeartakesvisitorsonafascinatingjourneythroughthehistoryofoneoftheworld’stopculturalinstitutions.Rarelyseenvaluablerecords,photographs,andstoriesofbothbehind-the-scenesworkandtheMuseum’scommunityoutreachenhancethisuniqueexperience.TheNewBritishGalleriesTheBritishGalleriesexhibitalmostsevenhundredworksofart,includingalargenumberofnewacquisitions.particularlyobjectsmadeinthe,nineteenthcenturythatwerepurchasedwiththisprojectinmind.AboutTime:FashionAndDurationTheCostumeInstitute’s2020exhibitiontracksacenturyandahalfoffashion—from1870tothepresent-alongatroubledtimeline,ontheoccasionofTheMet’s150thanniversary.EmployingHenriBergson’sconceptofladurée(duration),itexploreshowclothesgeneratetime-relatedassociationsthatmixpast,present,andfuture.ArtofNativeAmerica:TheCharlesandValericDikerCollectionThissplendidexhibitionintheMuseum’sAmericanWingshows116masterworks,rangingindatefromthesecondtotheearlytwentiethcentury,thediverseworksarepromisedgifts,donationsandloanstoTheMetfromthepioneeringcollectorsCharlesandValerieDiker.1．whatmakestheexhibitionMakingTheMet1870-2020unique?A．Travellingaroundtheworld.B．Somevaluablerecords,photographsandstories.C．Photographyskills.D．Diversemasterworks.2．Whichexhibitionwillyougoifyouwanttoknowhowfashiondevelops?A．TheNewBritishGalleries. B．ArtofNativeAmerica.C．AboutTime:FashionAndDuration. D．MakingTheMet1870-2020.3．WhatwillyouappreciateintheexhibitionArtofNativeAmerica?A．Astatuemadein106. B．Avasemadein318BC．C．Ateapotmadein2020. D．Aviolinmadein1999.【答案】1．B2．C3．A【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館的展覽和活動(dòng)，歡迎大家前去參加。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MakingTheMet1870-2020中“Rarelyseenvaluablerecords,photographs,andstoriesofbothbehind-the-scenesworkandtheMuseum’scommunityoutreachenhancethisuniqueexperience.(難得一見的珍貴記錄、照片和幕后工作的故事，以及博物館的社區(qū)推廣，都增強(qiáng)了這種獨(dú)特的體驗(yàn)。)”可知，一些有價(jià)值的記錄、照片和故事讓MakingTheMet1870-2020展覽與眾不同。故選B項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AboutTime:FashionAndDuration中“EmployingHenriBergson’sconceptofladurée(duration),itexploreshowclothesgeneratetime-relatedassociationsthatmixpast,present,andfuture.(采用HenriBergson的持續(xù)時(shí)間概念，它探索了服裝如何產(chǎn)生融合了過去、現(xiàn)在和未來的與時(shí)間有關(guān)的聯(lián)想。)”可知，如果想了解時(shí)裝是如何發(fā)展的，可以去AboutTime:FashionAndDuration展覽。故選C項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)ArtofNativeAmerica:TheCharlesandValericDikerCollection中“ThissplendidexhibitionintheMuseum’sAmericanWingshows116masterworks,rangingindatefromthesecondtotheearlytwentiethcentury,thediverseworksarepromisedgifts,donationsandloanstoTheMetfromthepioneeringcollectorsCharlesandValerieDiker.(這次在博物館美國(guó)館舉辦的精彩展覽展示了116件杰作，范圍從2世紀(jì)到20世紀(jì)早期，這些不同的作品都是先驅(qū)收藏家Charles和ValerieDiker承諾送給大都會(huì)的禮物、捐贈(zèng)和貸款。)”可知，可以在ArtofNativeAmerica展覽中欣賞到106年建造的雕像。故選A項(xiàng)。BJoseHernandezmadehisdreamofbecominganastronautarealityandhedidsodespiteunbelievabledifficulties.“IwasworkinginafieldnearStockton,andIheardonmyradiothatFranklinChang-DiazhadbeenselectedfortheAstronautCorps,”saidJose,whowasaseniorinhighschoolatthetime.“Iwasalreadyinterestedinscienceandengineering,”Joseremembered,“butthatwasthemomentIsaid,‘Iwanttoflyinspace.’”Asoneoffourchildreninamigrant(移民)farmingfamilyfromMexico,Jose—whodidn’tlearnEnglishuntilhewas12yearsold—spentmuchofhischildhoodtravelingwithhisfamilyfromMexicotosouthernCaliforniaeachMarch,thenworkingnorthwardtotheStocktonareabyNovember,pickingstrawberriesandcucumbersatfarmsalongtheroute.TheywouldthenreturntoMexicoforChristmasandstartthecyclealloveragaininthespring.“Somekidsmightthinkitwouldbefuntotravellikethat,”Joselaughed,“butwehadtowork”.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,JosewasadmittedintotheUniversityofthePacific.In1987,heacceptedafull-timejobwithLawrenceNationalLaboratory.In2001,JosejoinedtheJohnsonSpaceCenter,wherehecameface-to-facewithFranklinChang-Diaz.“Weactuallyhadcommonexperiences—asimilarupbringing,thesamelanguageissues.Thatbuiltupmyconfidence.Anybarriersthatexisted,hehadalreadyovercomethem.”Josesmiled.“Nowit’smyturn!”“NASArejectedmenotonce,nottwice,notthreetimesbut11times.Itwasn’tuntilthe12thtimethatIgotselected,”hesaid.Josewasselectedaspartofthe19thclassofastronautsin2004.Hecircledtheglobe217timesbutremainsadowntoEarthguy.JoseHernandezreceivedthe2016NationalHispanicHeroAwardandhecontinueshislonghistoryinthefieldofengineeringandspace.4．WhatmadeJosedeterminedtobeanastronaut?A．TheinfluenceofAstronautCorps. B．Histalentforscienceandengineering.C．ThesuccessofFranklinChang-Diaz. D．Theexperienceofworkinginthefield.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutJoseasachild?A．Hedidmuchfarmwork. B．Hetravelledalotforfun.C．HehatedlearningEnglish. D．Heobeyedhisfamilyineverything.6．HowdidJosefeelwhenhemetFranklinChang-Diazpersonally?A．Inspired. B．Valued.C．Relaxed. D．Puzzled.7．WhatcanwelearnfromJose’sstory?A．Lovebreaksdownbarriers. B．Educationisthekeytosuccess.C．Timeismoney. D．Don’tquit.【答案】4．C5．A6．A7．D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JoseHermandez克服了難以置信的困難，實(shí)現(xiàn)了他成為宇航員的夢(mèng)想的故事。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““IwasworkinginafieldnearStockton,andIheardonmyradiothatFranklinChang-DiazhadbeenselectedfortheAstronautCorps,"saidJose,whowasaseniorinhighschoolatthetimedwasalreadyinterestedinscienceandengineering,Joseremembered,"butthatwasthemomentIsaid,'lwanttoflyinspace.(“當(dāng)時(shí)我在斯托克頓附近的一塊田里工作，我從收音機(jī)里聽到FranklinChang-Diaz被宇航隊(duì)選中了，”Jose說道，他在高中時(shí)已經(jīng)對(duì)科學(xué)和工程感興趣，Jose記得，“但就在那一刻，我說：我想在太空中飛行?！?”可知，是FranklinChang-Diaz的成功讓Jose決心成為一名宇航員。故選C項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Asoneoffourchildreninamigrant(移民)farmingfamilyfromMexico,Jose-whodidn'tlearnEnglishuntilhewas12yearsoldspentmuchofhischildhoodtravelingwithhisfamilyfromMexicotosouthernCaliforniaeachMarch,thenworkingnorthwardtotheStocktonareabyNovember,pickingstrawberriesandcucumbersatfarmsalongtheroute."(來自有四個(gè)孩子的墨西哥流動(dòng)的農(nóng)民家庭，Jose一直到12歲才學(xué)習(xí)英語，他童年的大部分時(shí)間和家人旅行。每年三月從墨西哥到南加州，然后11月向北到斯托克頓地區(qū)工作，在沿線的農(nóng)場(chǎng)摘草莓和黃瓜)”可知，他小的時(shí)候，曾在農(nóng)場(chǎng)工作。故選A項(xiàng)。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Weactuallyhadcommonexperiences—asimilarupbringing,thesamelanguageissues.Thatbuiltupmyconfidence."(我們實(shí)際上有共同的經(jīng)歷，相似的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷，同樣的語言問題。這讓我樹立了信心)”中的builtupmyconfidence可以推測(cè)出，Jose遇到FranklinChang-Diaz本人的時(shí)候，是深受鼓舞的（inspired）。其他選項(xiàng)不符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“JoseHernandezmadehisdreamofbecominganastronautarealityandhedidsodespiteunbelievabledifficulties."(JoseHernandez克服了難以置信的困難，實(shí)現(xiàn)了他成為宇航員的夢(mèng)想)”可知，全文主要是關(guān)于JoseHernandez如何克服困難最后成為宇航員的故事。由此推知，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)他不放棄（don’tquit）的精神。故選D項(xiàng)。CIfMarswerethepopularkidinschool,Venus（金星）wouldbetheunwelcomeonesittinginthecorner,largelyignored.VenushasnearlythesamemassandsizeasEarth,butbeingclosertothesun,itgetsnearlytwiceasmuchheatfromthesun.However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:cloudsofsulphuricacid(硫酸)blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetectedphosphine(磷化氫)inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.ThatisbecausetheonlywaythisgasismadeonEarthisinlaboratoriesorbymicrobes(微生物).Thoughthisdoesn'tmeanitwasproducedbylifeonVenus,attemptstofindnon-biologicalexplanationsforitspresencehavesofarfailed.OurbestwayofconfirmingorrejectingthepossibilityoflifeonVenusistogoandhaveaproperlook.WhileMarshasbeenthefocusofinterplanetaryexplorationeffortslately,thephosphinediscoveryletspeoplelookatVenusinanewlight.AsNASAadministratorJimBridenstinetweeted:“It’stimetoprioritizeVenus.”Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulationswillbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.However,thereisnoguaranteethattheseeffortswillrevealthetruenatureofthissubstanceonVenus.Anewly-proposedstrategyistodirectlysampletheatmosphereandsurfaceofVenus.Bydoingso,wewouldbeabletotakedirectmeasurementsofphosphine.ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus'satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.Possibly,thequietkidinthecornermaygetthelastlaugh.8．WhichdescriptionaboutVenusisnottrue?A．ItisalmostaslargeasEarth.B．IthasnearlythesamemassasEarth.C．IthasawarmerEarth-likeclimate.D．Ithastheunbearablesurfaceandatmosphere.9．WhatcanthediscoveryofphosphineonVenusindicate?A．Thiskindofgasisverycommon.B．Theremightexistsignsoflife.C．Manyproductscanbemadewithit.D．Experimentswereonceconductedthere.10．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Theapproachestoexploringphosphine.B．Theimportanceofobservations.C．Thepowerofcomputersimulations.D．Thenecessitytoanalysephosphine.11．Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetotheexplorationofVenus?A．Casual. B．Cautious. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．C【解析】這是一篇說明文。隨著磷化氫被發(fā)現(xiàn)在金星，科學(xué)家們相信金星上可能孕育著生命。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:cloudsofsulphuricacid(硫酸)blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.”（然而，金星的氣候并不像地球那樣溫暖，金星的表面和大氣層令人難以忍受:硫酸云覆蓋了整個(gè)行星，而在地面上，溫度高到足以融化鉛。）由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“金星有像地球一樣溫暖的氣候”錯(cuò)誤。故選C項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.”（盡管如此，現(xiàn)在有跡象表明金星可能孕育生命）根據(jù)第三段“JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetectedphosphine(磷化氫)inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.”（英國(guó)卡迪夫大學(xué)的簡(jiǎn)·格里夫斯和她的同事最近在金星的大氣層中發(fā)現(xiàn)了磷化氫，一種可能的解釋是，它是生物的副產(chǎn)品）由此可知，磷化氫的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明金星上可能有生命的跡象。故選B項(xiàng)。10．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulationswillbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.However,thereisnoguaranteethattheseeffortswillrevealthetruenatureofthissubstanceonVenus.Anewly-proposedstrategyistodirectlysampletheatmosphereandsurfaceofVenus.Bydoingso,wewouldbeabletotakedirectmeasurementsofphosphine.”（在未來的幾個(gè)月和幾年里，計(jì)算機(jī)模擬將被用來進(jìn)一步研究金星大氣可能的化學(xué)性質(zhì)。將進(jìn)行更多的實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)，試圖確定生產(chǎn)磷化氫的其他方法。然而，不能保證這些努力會(huì)揭示金星上這種物質(zhì)的真實(shí)性質(zhì)。一個(gè)新提出的策略是直接對(duì)金星的大氣層和表面進(jìn)行取樣。通過這樣做，我們將能夠直接測(cè)量磷化氫。）可知，第五段主要是關(guān)于探索磷化氫的方法。故選A項(xiàng)。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus'satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.Possibly,thequietkidinthecornermaygetthelastlaugh.”（在金星大氣中發(fā)現(xiàn)磷化氫是一項(xiàng)偉大的成就。科學(xué)努力可能正是我們最終重新關(guān)注這個(gè)被忽視的世界所需要的。也許，角落里安靜的孩子會(huì)笑到最后。）由此判斷出，作者對(duì)于探索金星持支持的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。DHowimportantisfishfarming?Very.Althoughit'sanancientbusiness,theriseofaquaculturehasbeenoneofthebiggestrevolutionsinfoodsupplyoverthepasthalfcentury.Aquaculturehasmadefishmoreaffordableforconsumersaroundtheworld,popularizingtheconsumptionofwhatusedtobeexpensive,andeasingthepressureonhard-pressedwildstocks.Aquaculturealsohasmanyclearenvironmentalbenefits:comparedwithotherwaysofgrowinganimalprotein,ituseslittleornoland,andhaslowgreenhouseemissions.Andwhiletheworldhastraditionallyhadabadrecordofregulatingwildfishing,fishfarminggenerallyoccurswithintheboundariesofgovernments,meaningitshould,intheory,bemucheasiertoensurethatgoodpracticesareupheld.Crowdinglargenumbersoffishintolimitedspacesmeansthatwasteproducts,includingwaste,uneatenfoodanddeadfish,arepouredintothesurroundingwaters,pollutingthem.Besides,thepesticidesanddrugsusedtotreatconditionsthatupsetfishinconcentratednumberscanalsoaffectlocalwildlife.Manyfarmedfisharefedonotherfish,sotheindustryalsoputspressureonwildstocks：aboutafifthofallcaughtfish,some18milliontonnes,isusedforfishoilandfishmealproduction.Thereisalsotheproblemoffishescaping,withpotentiallydangerouseffectsonsurroundingecosystems.In2018theScottishParliament’senvironmentcommitteepublishedareportintothefishfarmingindustry’senvironmentaleffects,statingthatkeyproblemssimplyhadn’tbeentackled,andthattheScottishgovernment’splantodoublesalmonoutputby2030couldcause“irrecoverabledamage”toecosystems.Sincethen,protectionshavebeentoughened.Thereisnowmorepressurefromregulatorstosituatefarmsinremote,deep-waterlocations.Meanwhile,though,catchesofScottishwildsalmonhavefallentotheirlowestlevelsincerecordsbeganin1952.“Therearegoodreasonsforfishfarmingandrealdangerstoitaswell.”concludesanofficial.“Thequestionishowtomakeitwork.”12．Howhasfishfarmingbenefitedpeople?A．Ithasmanyclearenvironmentaleffects.B．Itcanmonitorthewildfishin1imitedareas.C．Itmakesiteasierformorepeopletoconsumefish.D．It’seasierforthegovernmenttomakefishproduct.13．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thereasonsforfishfarming. B．Thedownsidesofaquaculture.C．Thedevelopmentofseaexploring. D．Theeffectsonsurroundingecosystems.14．WhatdoweknowaboutfishfarmingaccordingtotheScottishreport?A．Themassivefishfarmingmaydamageecosystems.B．Theproblemsoffishfarmingarelikelytobesolved.C．Thefishfarmingindustryhasnoeffectonenvironment.D．TheScottishgovernmentplanstodoublefishoutputnow.15．Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsaquaculture?A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Disapproving.【答案】12．C13．B14．A15．A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文中主要介紹了水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖，介紹了水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖利與弊以及如何改善養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Aquaculturehasmadefishmoreaffordableforconsumersaroundtheworld,popularizingtheconsumptionofwhatusedtobeexpensive,andeasingthepressureonhard-pressedwildstocks.(水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖讓世界各地的消費(fèi)者更能買得起魚，普及了過去昂貴的魚類消費(fèi)，并緩解了野生魚類面臨的壓力)”可知，養(yǎng)魚可以使更多的人有條件食用魚，讓人們受益。故選C。13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Crowdinglargenumbersoffishintolimitedspacesmeansthatwasteproducts,includingwaste,uneatenfoodanddeadfish,arepouredintothesurroundingwaters,pollutingthem.Besides,thepesticidesanddrugsusedtotreatconditionsthatupsetfishinconcentratednumberscanalsoaffectlocalwildlife.Manyfarmedfisharefedonotherfish,sotheindustryalsoputspressureonwildstocks：aboutafifthofallcaughtfish,some18milliontonnes,isusedforfishoilandfishmealproduction.Thereisalsotheproblemoffishescaping,withpotentiallydangerouseffectsonsurroundingecosystems.(大量的魚擠在有限的空間意味著產(chǎn)生廢品，包括垃圾、未吃的食物和死魚，被傾倒到周圍的水域，污染它們。此外，殺蟲劑和藥物被用來治療大量魚類的疾病，也會(huì)影響當(dāng)?shù)氐囊吧鷦?dòng)物。許多養(yǎng)殖的魚以其他魚為食，因此漁業(yè)也給野生魚類種群帶來了壓力：約有五分之一——約1800萬噸的捕撈魚被用于生產(chǎn)魚油和魚粉。此外還有魚類逃逸的問題，這對(duì)周圍的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)有潛在的危險(xiǎn)影響)”可知，第三段談?wù)摰氖撬a(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖的弊端。故選B。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“In2018theScottishParliament’senvironmentcommitteepublishedareportintothefishfarmingindustry’senvironmentaleffects,statingthatkeyproblemssimplyhadn’tbeentackled,andthattheScottishgovernment’splantodoublesalmonoutputby2030couldcause“irrecoverabledamage”toecosystems.(2018年，蘇格蘭議會(huì)環(huán)境委員會(huì)發(fā)布了一份關(guān)于養(yǎng)魚業(yè)環(huán)境影響的報(bào)告，稱關(guān)鍵問題根本沒有得到解決，蘇格蘭政府計(jì)劃到2030年將三文魚產(chǎn)量翻一番，這可能會(huì)對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成“無法恢復(fù)的破壞”)”故根據(jù)蘇格蘭的報(bào)告，可知大規(guī)模的魚類養(yǎng)殖可能會(huì)破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選A。15．推理判斷題。文章前面介紹了水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖的利與弊。最后一段中““Therearegoodreasonsforfishfarmingandrealdangerstoitaswell.”concludesanofficial.“Thequestionishowtomakeitwork.”(有充分的理由進(jìn)行水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖，但是也有危險(xiǎn)，”一位官員總結(jié)說。“問題是如何使它好好運(yùn)營(yíng)”)”由此可以推測(cè)，作者對(duì)解決水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖的問題持有客觀的態(tài)度。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThePomodoroTechniquewasdevelopedbyFrancescoCirillointhe1980s.Thetechniqueusesatimertodivideyourworkinto25-minutesessionscalled"pomodori."__16__Whenyouhavecompletedfourpomodori,it'stimeforalongerbreakof20to30minutes.It'ssimpleandeasytouse.Followthestepsbelowtostartusingit.●Checkyourschedule.Yourfirststepistocheckyourschedule.__17__Estimatehowlongeachtaskshouldtakeyou,intermsofthenumberofpomodoriyouwillneedtocompleteit.●Setyourtimer.Beforeyoustart,makesurethatyouhaveeverythingyouneed.Setyourtimerfortheworkperiodyou'vesettledon.●Takeashortbreak.Whenyourtimergoesoff,takeafive-minutebreak.Youshoulddothisevenifyou'rebusy,becausethesebreaksareyourtimetorestand"rechargeyourbatteries."__18__ThePomodoroapproachworksbymaintainingyourenergy,sothatyoudon'tneedtoworkontaskswhenyourconcentrationlevelsarelow.●___19___Whenyourbreakisover,resetyourtimerforthenextsessionandcontinueyourwork.Whenyou'vecompletedfourpomodori,takea20-to30-minutebreak.Useittogoforawalk,havelunch,readabook...anything,solongasittakesyouawayfromyourdeskforawhileandclearsyourmind.Remember,itisimportanttolistentoyourbody.Ifyourmindstartstowanderoryoustarttofeeltired,don'tpushthroughtotheendofthesession.___20___Itmaybethatthreepomodorifollowedbya20-minutebreaksuitsyoubest,orthatfivesessionsfollowedbya30-minutebreakisbetter.A．Youmightwanttoexperimentwiththis.B．Youcanusewhateversortoftimeryoulike.C．Aftereachsession,youtakeafive-minutebreak.D．Irregularshortbreakshelptokeepyoufocusedandenergetic.E．Continueyourworksessionsandtakealongerbreak.F．Cirilloarguesthatenergylevelsarefarmoreimportantthantime.G．Lookatyourto-dolistandthinkaboutwhatyouneedtodotoday.【答案】16．C17．G18．F19．E20．A【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了由弗朗西斯科·西里洛在20世紀(jì)80年代發(fā)明的pomodori工作法，以及在工作中使用它的一些步驟。16．根據(jù)上一句Thetechniqueusesatimertodivideyourworkinto25-minutesessionscalled“pomodori.”這種方法使用計(jì)時(shí)器將你的工作分成25分鐘的時(shí)間段，稱為“pomodori”；以及下一句Whenyouhavecompletedfourpomodori,it'stimeforalongerbreakof20to30minutes.

當(dāng)你完成了4個(gè)pomodori，就需要20到30分鐘的休息時(shí)間。可知此處內(nèi)容與休息的時(shí)間有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)C“每個(gè)時(shí)間段結(jié)束后，休息五分鐘?！狈项}意。故選C。17．根據(jù)上一句Yourfirststepistocheckyourschedule.

你的第一步是查看你的時(shí)間表?？芍颂巸?nèi)容與查看時(shí)間表和任務(wù)有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)G“看看你的任務(wù)清單，想想你今天需要做什么?！狈项}意。故選G。18．根據(jù)下一句ThePomodoroapproachworksbymaintainingyourenergy,sothatyoudon'tneedtoworkontaskswhenyourconcentrationlevelsarelow.Pomodoro工作法的工作原理是保持你的能量，這樣當(dāng)你的注意力不集中的時(shí)候，你就不需要去做其他的事情了?？芍颂巸?nèi)容與西里洛認(rèn)為保持能量比較重要有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)F“西里洛認(rèn)為，能量水平遠(yuǎn)比時(shí)間重要?！狈项}意。故選F。19．此處是本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文

Whenyourbreakisover,resetyourtimerforthenextsessionandcontinueyourwork.

Whenyou'vecompletedfourpomodori,takea20-to30-minutebreak.

當(dāng)你的休息結(jié)束后，為下一階段重置你的定時(shí)器并繼續(xù)你的工作。當(dāng)你完成了4個(gè)pomodori，休息20-30分鐘?？芍颂巸?nèi)容與休息時(shí)間后繼續(xù)工作有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)E“繼續(xù)工作，休息更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?！狈项}意。故選E。20．根據(jù)下一句Itmaybethatthreepomodorifollowedbya20-minutebreaksuitsyoubest,orthatfivesessionsfollowedbya30-minutebreakisbetter.也許3個(gè)時(shí)間段后休息20分鐘最適合你，或者5個(gè)時(shí)間段后休息30分鐘更好?？芍颂巸?nèi)容與嘗試新的時(shí)間段和休息時(shí)間有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)A“你可能想要嘗試一下?！狈项}意。故選A。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OnceIfailedmycomprehensiveexamatuniversity.Suddenly,IfeltIwasa____21____.Forthefirsttime,Ifeltcompletelyoutofcontrol.Istartedtogoona(n)____22____todealwithmystressandanxietythat____23____mydesireforperfection.Whatbeganasaseemingly____24____“l(fā)ifestylechange”turnedintoaneatingdisorder.Ispentmoretime____25____rice,cakesandotherfoodsthanstudying.Toeat“____26____“mealsathome,Ioftenturneddownsocialgatherings.Over9months,asmystressandanxiety____27____,Iatesmallerandsmallerdishesanddenied(拒絕給予）my____28____thefooditneeded.SometimesIwouldalmost____29____uponstandingandIbecameawalkingskeleton(瘦骨如柴的人).MyfamilyandadviseraskedwhetherIwasOKand_____30_____timeawayfrommylab,butmybrainmadeexcusesforhowIwasfeelingandbehaving.I_____31_____believedIwasmakingmyselfbetter.Ididn'tputanametothe_____32_____untilIcameacrossanarticleaboutdisorderedeating.Ifinallysoughtthehelpofa(n)_____33_____.Hetoldmethatmyeatingdisorderhad_____34_____todowithfood,exercise,orweight.____35____,itwasaboutmydesiretobeexceptional.Throughweeklysessions,Iunpacked25yearsofneedingtobe_____36_____.Ilearnedtoolstoacknowledgeandprocessmyfeelings,notbymeansof_____37_____calories.Now,havingbeenontheroadto_____38_____foroneyearandahalf,Ientermyfinalyearofgraduateschoolwithacompletely_____39_____mindsetaboutthepersonIwant—ratherthanneed—tobe.Yes,Istillwantto_____40_____.ButIdon'twanttoseekperfection.21．A．fool B．failure C．pest D．patient22．A．diet B．journey C．exercise D．relaxation23．A．caused B．weakened C．discouraged D．a(chǎn)ccompanied24．A．harmless B．timely C．useless D．wonderful25．A．purchasing B．digesting C．throwing D．weighing26．A．cheap B．delicious C．safe D．colorful27．A．a(chǎn)rose B．disappeared C．increased D．stretched28．A．system B．spirit C．mouth D．stomach29．A．blackout B．breakdown C．backoff D．pullthrough30．A．banned B．passed C．saved D．suggested31．A．hardly B．firmly C．finally D．obviously32．A．a(chǎn)ffair B．desire C．problem D．situation33．A．a(chǎn)dviser B．physician C．professor D．scientist34．A．a(chǎn)nything B．everything C．nothing D．something35．A．Instead B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise36．A．a(chǎn)mbitious B．perfect C．popular D．healthy37．A．collecting B．consuming C．storing D．restricting38．A．growth B．recovery C．competition D．treatment39．A．different B．special C．realistic D．simple40．A．explore B．learn C．succeed D．change【答案】21．B22．A23．D24．A25．D26．C27．C28．D29．A30．D31．B32．C33．B34．C35．A36．B37．D38．B39．A40．C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一次考試失敗，為了應(yīng)對(duì)內(nèi)心的緊張焦慮開始了節(jié)食，因?yàn)楣?jié)食而導(dǎo)致飲食混亂，身體日漸消瘦，最后醫(yī)生告知,作者的內(nèi)心緊張焦慮的最根本原因是作者內(nèi)心里一直追求完美，作者聽取醫(yī)生的建議，改變心態(tài)，順利地從學(xué)校里畢業(yè)。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我覺得自已是一個(gè)失敗者。A.fool傻瓜；B.failure失敗者；C.pest害蟲；D.patient病人。根據(jù)前一句“Ifailedmycomprehensiveexam”（我在綜合測(cè)試中失?。┛芍颂庍x“失敗者”切合題意。故選B。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了解決那個(gè)陪伴我的追求完美的愿望而導(dǎo)致的緊張焦慮，我開始節(jié)食了。A.diet飲食；B.journey旅程；C.exercise運(yùn)動(dòng)；D.relaxation放松。根據(jù)下一句中的“eatingdisorder”（飲食混亂）可知，作者開始節(jié)食，短語goonadiet意為“開始節(jié)食”。故選A。23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了解決那個(gè)陪伴我的追求完美的愿望而導(dǎo)致的緊張焦慮，我開始節(jié)食了。A.caused引起；B.weakened減弱；C.discouraged使泄氣；D.accompanied陪伴。根據(jù)后文醫(yī)生建議“itwasaboutmydesiretobeexceptional.”（我的飲食混亂與我想成為優(yōu)勝者有關(guān)）可知，這種心理想法一直陪伴著我。故選D。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：剛開始時(shí)看起來似乎無害的“生活方式改變”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)轱嬍郴靵y。A.harmless無害的；B.timely及時(shí)的；C.useless無用的；D.wonderful很棒的。根據(jù)后半句的“飲食混亂”可知，剛開始時(shí)作者認(rèn)為這種“生活方式改變”是無害的。故選A。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我花比學(xué)習(xí)更多的時(shí)間來稱重米飯、蛋糕及其他食物。A.purchasing購(gòu)買；B.digesting消化；C.throwing扔；D.weighing稱重。根據(jù)前文可知作者要節(jié)食，所以會(huì)注意每餐食物攝入量，會(huì)為食物稱重。故選D。26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了能在家里吃“安全”的飯菜，我經(jīng)常拒絕社交聚餐。A.cheap便宜的；B.delicious美味的；C.safe安全的；D.colorful五顏六色的。根據(jù)作者的節(jié)食意圖可知，節(jié)食的人講究的是飯菜的健康與安全，C項(xiàng)符合作者節(jié)食意圖。故選C。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：9個(gè)月來，隨著我的緊張焦慮不斷增長(zhǎng)，我吃得越來越少，拒絕給予我的胃所需要的食物。A.arose出現(xiàn)；B.disappeared消失；C.increased增長(zhǎng)；D.stretched伸展。根據(jù)句中“我吃得越來越少”可知是作者的緊張焦慮不斷增長(zhǎng)影響了食欲。故選C。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：9個(gè)月來，隨著我的緊張焦慮不斷增長(zhǎng)，我吃得越來越少，拒絕給予我的胃所需要的食物。A.system系統(tǒng)；B.spirit精神；C.mouth嘴巴；D.stomach胃。根據(jù)語境可知，胃里需要食物消化，D項(xiàng)符合語境邏輯。故選D。29．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：有時(shí)候我站立時(shí)會(huì)暈倒，變成一個(gè)行走的骨瘦如柴的人。A.blackout暈倒；B.breakdown出故障；C.backoff后退；D.pullthrough渡過難關(guān)。根據(jù)and后面“變成一個(gè)行走的骨瘦如柴的人”可知，我因體質(zhì)太差會(huì)暈倒，符合語境。故選A。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我家人和指導(dǎo)老師問我身體是否正常，建議我不要去實(shí)驗(yàn)室，但是我的大腦為我當(dāng)時(shí)的感覺和表現(xiàn)行為找到一些理由。A.banned禁止；B.passed通過；C.saved節(jié)約；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)語境可知，家人與導(dǎo)師擔(dān)心我的健康狀況，所以會(huì)建議我多休息，建議我不要去實(shí)驗(yàn)室。故選D。31．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我堅(jiān)信我正在使自已變得更好。A.hardly幾乎不；B.firmly堅(jiān)定地；C.finally最終；D.obviously明顯地。根據(jù)前文“我為自已找到理由”可知，作者認(rèn)為自已正變得更好，所以應(yīng)該是“我堅(jiān)信我自已會(huì)變得更好”。故選B。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：直到我偶然遇到一篇關(guān)于飲食混亂的文章，我才意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題。A.affair事情；B.desire欲望；C.problem問題；D.situation情況。根據(jù)前文作者越來越焦慮，飲食越來越少的情況可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)的狀況是一個(gè)需要解決的問題。故選C。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后我向醫(yī)生求助。A.adviser顧問；B.physician醫(yī)生；C.professor教授；D.scientist科學(xué)家。根據(jù)作者的飲食混亂情況及看了一篇文章意識(shí)到問題嚴(yán)重的情況可知，病人生病了應(yīng)該求助于醫(yī)生。故選B。34．考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴我，我的飲食混亂問題與食物本身、運(yùn)動(dòng)或體重?zé)o關(guān)。它反而與我想成為優(yōu)勝者的欲望相關(guān)。A.anything任何東西；B.everything每件事；C.nothing沒事；D.something某事。根據(jù)后一句“它反而與我想成為優(yōu)勝者的欲望相關(guān)”可知，我的飲食混亂問題與食物本身、運(yùn)動(dòng)或體重?zé)o關(guān)。短語havenothingtodowith意為“與某事無關(guān)”。故選C。35．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴我，我的飲食混亂問題與食物本身、運(yùn)動(dòng)或體重?zé)o關(guān)。它反而與我想成為優(yōu)勝者的欲望相關(guān)。A.Instead反而；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)前一句“我的飲食混亂問題與食物本身、運(yùn)動(dòng)或體重?zé)o關(guān)?！笨芍颂幱胕nstead承接下句，意為“它反而與我想成為優(yōu)勝者的欲望相關(guān)”，符合前后句間的邏輯。故選A。36．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過每周的會(huì)議談話，我解除了25年來我認(rèn)為我必需完美的內(nèi)心負(fù)擔(dān)。A.ambitious野心勃勃的；B.perfect完美的；C.popular流行的；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)最后一句“ButIdon’twanttoseekperfection.（我不想去尋找完美）可知，作者的緊張焦慮的根源在于內(nèi)心里太講究完美性，所以要學(xué)會(huì)放下。故選B。37．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我學(xué)會(huì)了承認(rèn)與處理情感的工具，不是通過限制熱量卡路里。A.collecting收集；B.consuming消耗；C.storing貯存；D.restricting限制。根據(jù)前文作者節(jié)食對(duì)食物稱重的行為可知，作者這么久來都在錯(cuò)誤地限制自已的熱量攝入。故選D。38．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在康復(fù)之路上有一年半了，我以一種完全不同的關(guān)于想成為什么人的心態(tài)進(jìn)入我研究生院的最后一年——而不是必需想成為什么人。根據(jù)上文“Ilearnedtoolstoacknowledgeandprocessmyfeelings,notbymeansof____17____calories.”可知，作者改變了自己的想法，身體得到了恢復(fù)。A.growth生長(zhǎng)；B.recovery恢復(fù)；C.competition比賽；D.treatment治療。故選B。39．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在康復(fù)之路上有一年半了，我以一種完全不同的關(guān)于想成為什么人的心態(tài)進(jìn)入我研究生院的最后一年——而不是必需想成為什么人。A.different不同的；B.special特別的；C.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的；D.simple簡(jiǎn)單的。根據(jù)作者看醫(yī)前后心態(tài)對(duì)比的情況，可知作者改變了任何事都想完美性的心態(tài)，與之前是完全不同的。故選A。40．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：是的，我依然想要成功，但是我不想尋找完美。A.explore探索；B.learn學(xué)會(huì)；C.succeed成功；D.change改變。根據(jù)作者之前一直追求完美性想成功的心態(tài)，與最后一句“但是我不想尋找完美”可知，“我依然想要成功”。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China'sfirstnationalparkintheSanjiangyuanarea,___41___(cover)atotalareaof123,100squarekilometers,willopenin2020onschedule.Sanjiangyuan,thesourceoftheYangtze,YellowandLancang___42___(river),ishometohundredsofspeciesofwildanimals.Itisalsotheworld's___43___(high)naturereservewithanaveragealtitudeof4,700meters.Theenvironmenthad___44___(previous)worseneddue,toclimatechangesandhumanactivities.Sincethetrialoperationoftheparkin2016,theecologicalenvironmentoftheareahasgreatlyimproved.Thegrasslandcoverageoftheareahasrisento11percentandgrass,outputjumped30percentcomparedwiththelastdecade.___45___numberofwildanimalshasalsoseenarapidincrease.Unlikenaturereserves,___46___protectuniquespecies,nationalparksstresstheprotectionoftheentireecosystem.ThefoundationoftheSanjiangyuanNationalParkisofgreat___47___(significant)tothesecurityofwaterresourc