高中英語北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊 Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson 1 To Clone or Not to Clone 同步練習(xí) (一)

《SectionATopicTalk&Lesson1》同步練習(xí)一、基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.TheteamfromtheUKwerethefirsttosuccessfully(克隆)ananimal.

2.Iwasalsointhedesert,where,forthefirsttime,Irodea(駱駝).

3.It’seasytotella(山羊)fromsheep.

4.Thepolicethinkthevideotapemayholdsomevital(線索)totheidentityofthekiller.

5.Manypatientsarenotgettingthemedical(治療)theyneed.

6.Youhavealreadymadegreatprogressinyour(生物).

7.(哺乳動物)areanimalssuchasdogs,lions,andwhales.

8.Shehadtofacethefactthatherlifehadchanged(永遠).

9.Ivolunteerinhighschoolsandspeaktothemabout(生殖的)health.

10.Laughterisoneofthemostinfectiousexpressionsof(情感).

Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.The(edit)ofthemagazineisasmartyoungman.

2.Mostpeoplelookbetterunder(artificially)lightthaninbrightsunlight.

3.The(twin)wereseparatedatbirthandbroughtupinentirelydifferentenvironments.

4.Itisdifficulttomakea(compare)withherpreviousbook,becausetheyarecompletelydifferent.

5.Whilethetwoareonlydaysapartinagetheyseemtobelongto(whole)differentgenerations.

6.You’vedonesomuchwork,soweallbelieveyou’rebound(pass)theexam.

7.Theyagreedtogo(mere)becausetheyweregettingpaidforit.

8.Everydaythenewspaperstellstoriesofchildrenworldwidewhoare(abuse).

9.It’sblessingthatnobodywasinthehouseatthetime.

10.Wecaninferhisexpressionthatheisfrustrated.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.班上每個同學(xué)都有能力通過這次考試。Everystudentintheclasspassingtheexam.

2.他們一直在討論如何突破食品安全技術(shù)壁壘。Theyhavebeendiscussingabouthowtooffoodsafety.

3.你能臨摹出一幅與這幅畫一模一樣的畫嗎?Canyouofthispicture?

4.和世界上其他地方的人相比,他們生活得相當(dāng)好。Theywerelivingratherwell,peopleelsewhereintheworld.

5.一個人接受的教育必定會決定其世界觀的形成。Youreducationyourworldview.

6.明天他是否參加那個舞會,沒有人知道。hewilltakepartintheballornot.

Ⅳ.課文語法填空Cloningistheprocessofmakinganexactcopyofaplantoranimalanddevelopingitnaturallyorartificially.In1996,Dolly,1.sheep,wasthefirstsuccessfullyclonedanimal.2.(grow)normallyatfirst,shedevelopedanillnessmorenormallyfoundinmucholderanimalssothatshelivedforsixandahalfyears,onlyhalfthelifeofthesheepfrom3.shewascloned.

Chinesescientists4.(announce)thecloningoftwolong-tailedmonkeys,ZhongZhongandHuaHua,whichwerethefirst-everprimatestohavebeenclonedinJanuary2018.5.(compare)withotherspecies,cloningprimateshasprovedtobe“muchharder”anddoingsowithnon-reproductivecellswaseven6.(complicated).SoharddidtheChineseteamdirectedbyDr.SunQiangworktobreakthetechnicalbarrierthattheycouldgetanimalswitheditedgenesandproduceanimalmodelshelpingmedicalresearchandhumanhealth.

Cloningcontinuestobeanissuecausingagreatdealof7.(disagree)andprovokingstrongemotions.8.somepeopleareconcernedaboutisthatit’sboundtoleadtocloningofotherspeciesandthe9.(ethic)questionscloningraises.Alsopeopleworrythatsomeorganisationsmayabusethetechnologyforunethicalpurposes.However,researchersinsistthatthescienceofcloning10.(explore)andadvanced.

二、能力提升Ⅴ.閱讀理解AWithrapidadvancesinmedicalscience,cloningisslowlybutsurelylookinglikeitcouldbeinournearfuture.However,isitreallyanoptionthatshouldbeconsideredasawaytoextendhumanlife?Reproductivecloningmayhelphumanfamiliesgainchildren,butthere’salsoabenefitfortheanimalworld.Itbringshopetopeopleeagerforchildrenbutunabletohavetheirownoradopt.Itcanalsobringabouttherecreationofspeciesthathavelongsincedied,allowingscientiststofullystudythespeciesasalivingcreatureinsteadofsimplylookingatimagesorbones.Manybelievethatcloningcanbeusedtoreplacefailingorgans.Thiswillreducethewaitinglistfororgandonationsandallowmorepeopletobesaved.Notonlythat,butbecausetheorganis,infact,yourownorgan,therewouldbelesschanceofrejection.Cloningcouldprovehelpfulingeneticresearch.Usingcloningtechnologies,geneticresearcherswouldhaveabetterunderstandingofthecompositionofgenesandtheeffectsofgeneticconstituents(成分)onhumancharacters.There’salsothepossibilityofchanginggeneticconstituentsinclonedhumans,andcloningcouldhelpfightgeneticdiseases.Whilethecloningofbodyorganscanhelpextendhumanlife,itcouldalsocausealotofmalpractices(不端行為).Alongwiththeabilitytoclonedesiredcharacters,therecouldbethepossibilityofpeopledeliberatelyreproducingundesiredcharacters.Thiscouldleadtoariseinmalpracticeswithinsociety.Cloninginvolvesaprocessofcreatingidenticalgenes.Assuch,therewouldbealackofdiversityinhumankind.Scientistsbelievethislackofdiversitywilllowerthehumanrace’sabilitytoadapt.Whateveryourviewoncloningmaybe,studiesshowthattheclonewouldinfactnotbecompletelyidenticaltotheoriginaljustastwinsarenotcompletelyidentical.Thoughtheymightlookalike,twinshavedifferentpersonalitiesandenjoydifferentthings.Thesamecouldbesaidofclones.Evenifthetechnologyiscreatedinwhichyourmemoriesandthoughtscouldbetransmitted(傳送)totheclone,yourclonewouldstillbeadifferentperson.1.Whatgoodmightreproductivecloningbring?A.Itmayhelpimprovehumanwell-being.B.Itcouldcontributetotherisingbirthrate.C.Itcouldhelpanimalssurvivedeadlydiseases.D.Itmayenablescientiststobetterstudyextinctspecies.2.Accordingtothetext,cloningcanalsobeusedfor.

A.organtransplantB.solvingtheagingproblemC.infectiousdiseasetreatmentD.constructingagenedatabase3.What’soneproblemcloningmaycause?A.Greatdiversity.B.Individualsecurityrisk.C.Increasedimproperconduct.D.Seriouspersonalitydisorder.4.Whyaretwinsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tostresstwins’similarities.B.Toshowtwinsarequitecommon.C.Tocarryoutdeeperresearchontwins.D.Tobetterillustratewhataclonewillbelike.BWhenBarbraStreisandsaidthatshe’dhadherdogclonedfor$50,000,manypeoplelearnedforthefirsttimethatcopyingpetsandotheranimalswasarealbusiness.Thestorythatgavepeoplecauseforconcern,though,cameoutafewdayslater.ItwasaboutMonniMust,aMichiganphotographerwhopaidtohaveBillyBeancloned,aLabradorthathadbelongedtoheroldestdaughter,Miya.Miyadied10yearsearlier.ToMust,cloningtheelderlydogwasawaytokeepherdaughter’smemoryalive.Alarmbellswentoffinmyhead.Mustwasn’tjustcloningapet.Shewastryingtopreservealostchild.Itseemedawfullyclosetoarealhumancloningscenario,oneinwhichaheartbrokenparenttriestoreplaceasonordaughterwhodiesearly.IshotaquestionatJoseCibelli,ananimalcloningscientistatMichiganStateUniversity:Isittimetoworryabouthumancloningagain?Cibelliquicklyemailedback:“Yes.”ImetCibelli15yearsago,whenIwasamongagroupofjournalistscoveringcloningnonstop.Backthen,itseemedpossiblethatsomeonemighttrytocopyahumanbeingatanymoment.TherewasanItaliandoctornamedAntinoriwhosaidhewastrying.Buthumancloningneverhappened.Thereasonisclear.Inmanyanimals,onlyonein100clonedembryoseverleadstoalivebirth.Ofthosethatareborn,afewsufferfromabnormalities(畸形)andquicklydie.Creatingahumancloneisn’tonlyaquestionoftechnology.You’dalsoneedareasontodoit,expertswillingtohelp,andsomeonetofunditall.IfinallyaskedMustifshewouldhaveMiyaclonedifshe’dhadthechance.Shesaidit’snotaquestionshehasananswerto.“Whenyouhaveachildwhodies,youarenotinaplacetomakearational(理智的)decision,”shesays.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelafterknowingMust’sstory?A.Hefeltrelieved.B.Hewasworried.C.Hetookpityonher.D.Hesecretlyadmiredher.6.Whatdoweknowabouthumancloning15yearsago?A.Itreceivedthepublic’sattention.B.ItwassupportedbyJoseCibelli.C.Itwasseldomcoveredbyreporters.D.ItwasfirsttriedbyanItaliandoctor.7.WhatdoesParagraph6mainlyfocuson?A.Whyclonedembryosaredifficulttopreserve.B.Howthetechnologyofcloningisdeveloped.C.Whyhumancloningischallenging.D.Howanimalsarecloned.8.WhatisMust’sattitudetowardcloningherdeaddaughter?A.Shehasnoidea.B.Sheisuninterested.C.Shethinksitisirrational.D.Sheislookingforwardtoit.Ⅵ.七選五Manyhearendlesslyhowgoodexerciseisforourhealth,butyoumightbesurprisedtoknowjusthowgood.1

Ithelpsyoubreathebetter.Frequentexerciseimprovesthevolumeofoxygenyoucanuseinyourbody.Thisiswhatmakesyoufitandthebenefitsaren’tlimitedtosport.2Attendingsomeprofessionalcoursescanbuildcorestrengthandimproveshape,andsostrengthenbreathingmuscles.

Physicalactivityenhancesyourmentalhealth.Doingsomethingactivereleases“happy”brainchemicalsthatmakeyoumorepositive.Themoreyoudoit,thebetteryou’llfeel.Butyoudoneedtoworkupasweat.Ifyou’vehadabadday,treatyourselftoalittlebitofexercise.3

4

Thewayyourguts(內(nèi)臟)feeloftenimpactsonyourmentalandphysicalhealth.Walking,runningandyogastrengthenabdominal(腹部的)muscles,increasetheheartrateandencourageyourmusclestomovedigestivewastethroughyourbodymoreefficientlyanddigestfoodmorequickly.Keepingactivekeepsyouyoung.Theremaynotbeanelixir(靈丹妙藥)ofyouthjustyet,butkeepingfitcomesclose.Just15minutesofexerciseadayforeightyearscanincreaseyourlifespanbythreeyears.Themoreyoudo,thelongeryoucouldlive.5Itcanbelow-intensityexercise—swimming,alongwalkonarunningmachineatthegym,oralow-intensityworkoutviaspecialAPPs.

A.Itaidsyourdigestion.B.Itgivesyouabetterappetite.C.Increasedmusclestrengthhelpstoo.D.Herearethebenefitsyoucangetfromexercise.E.Thisisbecausephysicalactivitydelayscellageing.F.Peoplethinkthiswillcatchourattentionandinspireouraction.G.Powerwalkingorropeskippingisabrilliantstressreliever.Ⅶ.語法填空Thedodoisthemostfamouscreatureofallthecreatures1.(become)extinctinrecenthistory.TheremainsofthedodoatOxfordareoneofthegreatesttreasuresofitsmuseum.

Thedodo2.(discover)byEuropeansin1507.Itwasaflightlessbird3.livedontheislandofMauritiusintheIndianOcean.Althoughthedodoswereeasy4.(catch),theirmeatwasnotthattasty.Theirrapiddecreasewasprobablyduelesstohunting,andmoretothefact5.thedogs,cats,ratsandpigs,6.(introduce)toMauritius,destroyedthedodos’eggsandhabitat.By1680thebirdwasextinct.

Thedodoswereacuriosity,andsomewerebroughttoEuropeby7.(wealth)collectorslikeJohnTradescant.His8.(collect)werelaterbroughttoOxford.Althoughsmallinamount,thesespecimens(標本)representthemostcompleteremainsofasingledodo,andare9.greatvaluetoscientiststoday.

DNAresearchhasshownthedodois10.(close)relatedtopigeonsandhasfinallysolvedthequestionofthedodo’sancestors;withouttheOxfordspecimensthiswouldhavebeenimpossible.

參考答案一、基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.1.clone2.camel3.goat4.clues5.treatment6.biology7.Mammals8.forever9.reproductive10.emotionⅡ.1.parison5.wholly6.topass7.merely8.abused9.a10.fromⅢ.1.iscapableof2.breakthetechnicalbarrier3.makeanexactcopy4.incomparisonwith5.isboundtoshape6.ItisunknownwhetherⅣ.1.a2.Growing3.which4.announced5.Compared6.morecomplicated7.disagreement8.What9.ethical10.(should)beexplored二、能力提升Ⅴ.1.D細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Itcanalsobringabouttherecreationofspeciesthathavelongsincedied,allowingscientiststofullystudythespeciesasalivingcreatureinsteadofsimplylookingatimagesorbones.”可知,生殖性克隆使得再創(chuàng)造已經(jīng)滅絕的物種成為可能,能夠讓科學(xué)家充分研究一個生物物種,而不是僅僅觀察這些滅絕物種的圖片和骨骼。故選D項。2.A細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“cloningcanbeusedtoreplacefailingorgans”可知,克隆可以用于替換衰竭的器官,故可用于器官移植。3.C細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中的“itcouldalsocausealotofmalpractices”和“therecouldbethepossibilityofpeopledeliberatelyreproducingundesiredcharacters.Thiscouldleadtoariseinmalpracticeswithinsociety.”可知,克隆會導(dǎo)致社會中的不端行為增加。4.D推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“studiesshowthattheclonewouldinfactnotbecompletelyidenticaltotheoriginaljustastwinsarenotcompletelyidentical”可知,克隆體與母體并不是完全相同的;作者提到雙胞胎是為了說明克隆體與母體的差別。5.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thestorythatgavepeoplecauseforconcern”及第三段中的“Alarmbellswentoffinmyhead.”和第四段中的“Isittimetoworryabouthumancloningagain?”可知,Must克隆逝世女兒的寵物狗一事讓作者感到非常擔(dān)憂。6.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“ImetCibelli15yearsago,whenIwasamongagroupofjournalist