2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit24SocietySectionⅧGrammar學(xué)案含解析北師大版選修8

PAGEPAGE1SectionⅧGrammar語(yǔ)法圖解探究發(fā)覺(jué)①Weshouldinsistthatadvertisingismorecontrolled,especiallyadvertisingaimedatchildren.②Onapersonallevel,weoughttovisittheshopslessandworrylessaboutimage.③Asasociety,it'shightimethatwetook/shouldtaketheseissuesmoreseriously.④Protestgroupsareinsistingthatsomeofourmoneybegiventothethirdworld.⑤Iflawssuchasthesecameintobeing,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequired...[我的發(fā)覺(jué)](1)句①、句②用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should/oughtto表示“建議”。(2)句③用Itis/was(high/about)timethat...句型表示“建議”。其中的that從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should不行省略。(3)句④用insist表示“建議”，其賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，形式為“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。(4)句⑤用虛擬條件句表示“建議”。在正式的英語(yǔ)書(shū)面語(yǔ)及非正式的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中，常用不同方式來(lái)告知人們我們認(rèn)為他們?cè)撟鍪裁矗瑲w納起來(lái)，有以下幾種表達(dá)勸服的方式：一、英語(yǔ)書(shū)面語(yǔ)在正式書(shū)面表達(dá)中，下列表達(dá)方式可以強(qiáng)化“建議”。1．should/oughtto＋do...Youshould/oughttobrushyourteethbeforeyougotobed.你在睡前應(yīng)當(dāng)刷牙。WeoughttogoandseeMarytomorrow,butIdon'tthinkwewill.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)明天去看瑪麗，可我認(rèn)為我們?nèi)ゲ涣恕?．當(dāng)人們想要表達(dá)建議、吩咐或要求時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其形式為“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。這些從句可以是賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句。OurteacherdemandedthatMary(should)finishherhomeworkwithinaweek.我們老師要求瑪麗在一周內(nèi)完成作業(yè)。Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkmorecarefully.他的建議就是我們做作業(yè)要更細(xì)心一些。[名師點(diǎn)津]“一、二、三、四”記虛擬：一個(gè)“堅(jiān)持”(insist)；兩個(gè)“吩咐”(order,command)；三條“建議”(advise,suggest,propose)；四項(xiàng)“要求”(demand,require,request,ask)；再加一個(gè)“敦促”(urge)。(1)suggest作“建議”講，賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；若作“示意，表明”講，則用陳述語(yǔ)氣。(2)insist作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為、堅(jiān)持說(shuō)”講時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。只有當(dāng)insist作“堅(jiān)持(要求)”“堅(jiān)持(應(yīng)當(dāng))”講時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句才用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。TheArabinsistedthathehadneverseenthecamelandthathe(should)notbepunishedforitslost.那個(gè)阿拉伯人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他從未見(jiàn)過(guò)那頭駱駝，并且堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自己不能因?yàn)轳橊劦膩G失而受到懲處。Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshewasill,andherfathersuggestedthatshe(should)haveamedicalexamination.簡(jiǎn)蒼白的臉色表明她生病了，她父親建議她做一下醫(yī)學(xué)檢查。3．It's(high/about)timethat句式中，that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去式或shoulddo,should不能省略。It'shightimethatIwent/shouldgotopickupmydaughteratschool.我該去學(xué)校接我的女兒了。[即時(shí)演練1]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①M(fèi)ymomsuggeststhatwe(should)_eat(eat)outforachangethisweekend.②Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild'sfirsteyeexam(should)_be(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.③Jackisagreattalker.It'shightimethathedid/should_do(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.④Theyaresuggestingthatanewschool(should)_be_built(build)inthisarea.⑤Theyoungmaninsistedthathedid(do)nothingwrongandshouldbe_set(set)freeatonce.⑥It'shightimethatweshould_take/took(take)actiontoprotecttheenvironment.二、英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)1．跟熟人交談時(shí)用下列表達(dá)方式可以使“建議”聽(tīng)上去不生硬，具有摸索性。(1)虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示委婉、客氣的語(yǔ)氣，常用句型“IfIwereyou,I'd＋do...”IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.假如我是你，我會(huì)接受他的忠告。(2)句型Ithinkyoushould/oughttodo...，表示“我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)當(dāng)做……”，語(yǔ)氣稍強(qiáng)。Ithinkyououghttotellyourhusbandyou'repregnant.我想你應(yīng)當(dāng)告知你丈夫你懷孕了。2．用下列方式可以強(qiáng)硬地對(duì)某人進(jìn)行指責(zé)、指責(zé)或提出建議，運(yùn)用這種方式常具有權(quán)威性。(1)I'drather(that)＋一般過(guò)去時(shí)/過(guò)去完成時(shí)...I'drathershesetouttodotheworknow.我寧愿她現(xiàn)在就著手做這項(xiàng)工作。(2)You'dbetter＋do...You'dbettergiveupsmokingoryou'llendinhospital.你最好戒煙，否則你的結(jié)局就是住院。[即時(shí)演練2]完成句子①(2024·北京高考改編)Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?If_you_had_told_me(假如你告知了我),Icouldhavehelped.②Ithinkyoushould/ought_to_give_up_smoking(應(yīng)當(dāng)戒煙)．③If_I_were_you(假如我是你),Iwouldgoabroadforfurtherstudy.④Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhefocused_more_on(更多地集中于)itsculture.⑤Ifyouareplanningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,youhad_better_forget(最好遺忘)it—you'vegotsomebigbillscoming.Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Heinsistedthathewas(be)right,andthathisplan(should)_be_carried(carry)outatonce.2．IfIwere(be)you,Iwould_accept(accept)thejobatonce.3．I'dratheryouposted(post)theletterrightaway.4．Isuggestwe(should)_visit(visit)theMetropolitanMuseumofArtfirst.5．Shedemandedthathe(should)_finish(finish)theworkwithinanhour.6．It'shightimethatwewent/should_go(go)tothelibrary.7．You'dbetterspend(spend)yourtimeonsomebooksworthreading.8．Thedoctorstronglyrecommendedthathe(should)_take(take)aholiday.Ⅱ.完成句子1．—I'dratherthatyoudidn't_smoke(別抽煙)inourhome.—Iwon't.2．It'sabouttimethatyou_got/should_get_down_to_reading(你起先仔細(xì)讀書(shū))．3．Youought_to/should_be_ashamed_of_yourself(你應(yīng)當(dāng)感到慚愧).You'vecreatedthisproblem.4．It'scoldtoday.You'd_better_wear_warm_clothes(你最好穿得溫煦些)．5．Myteacherdemandedthatallofus(should)_practise_speaking(應(yīng)練習(xí)說(shuō))Englisheveryday.6．If_I_were_you(假如我是你),IwouldpaymoreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.JackcametotheUSAlastyear.Whenhewasanewcomertosuchadevelopedcountry,hewastrappedinaspendingcircle.Firstofall,hehadtoworkhardtoearnmoremoney.Butthemoremoneyheearned,thelessoftenhesawit.Hestartedputtinghissignaturesoncreditcardsandspendingmoneyhedidnotevenhavesothathecouldbuyacarandahouseofhisown.Nowhetriestodepositalittlemoneyorchangeitintodifferentcountries'currenciesinthehopethathecanmakeevenmoremoney.Ofcoursehehastopaysomemoneytothegovernmentasataxpayer.He'saccumulatedpossessions,butheneverfeelslikehehasenough.Heworkstowardstheownershipofbiggerandbetterhousesandcarsbutneverhastimetoenjoythem.Instead,hefeelslikeaburdenbecauseeverymonthhehastohandovermostofthemoneyhemakestopayforthem.Andasaresultofallthis,hehasn'tgotincreasedhappiness,butstressandlessfreetimetobehimselfandenjoybeingwithhisfriendsandfamily.ThisistheconsumersocietythatJackgotinto.Surelywearebetteroffthanthosewhowearragsandsleeponthestreets,butthereisagrowingresistancetothisconsumersociety.Itissuggestedthatwegivesomeofourmoneytothethirdworld,thegovernmentshortentheworkingweekandpeopleshareworkreducingunemployment.Iflawssuchasthesecameintobeing,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequiredandtherewouldbediversereactions.Asasociety,it'shightimethatwetooktheseissuesmoreseriously.杰克去年來(lái)到美國(guó)。當(dāng)他剛來(lái)到這樣一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的時(shí)候，他陷入了一個(gè)消費(fèi)圈。起初，他必需努力工作來(lái)掙更多的錢(qián)。但他掙的錢(qián)越多，越不見(jiàn)錢(qián)。他起先簽署信用卡提前消費(fèi)以便買(mǎi)車(chē)和屬于他的住房?，F(xiàn)在他努力儲(chǔ)存點(diǎn)錢(qián)或者兌換成不同國(guó)家的貨幣，以期賺更多的錢(qián)。當(dāng)然作為納稅人，他必需得支給政府一些錢(qián)。他雖然積累了一些財(cái)寶，但從來(lái)沒(méi)有感覺(jué)富有。他努力工作想擁有更大、更好的車(chē)子和房子，卻從來(lái)沒(méi)有時(shí)間享受它們。相反，他卻感到了一種負(fù)擔(dān)，因?yàn)槊吭滤急匦璋阉鶔甑拇蟛糠皱X(qián)用來(lái)支付這些費(fèi)用。全部這些努力的結(jié)果是，他獲得的不是增長(zhǎng)的華蜜，反而是壓力和更少的閑暇時(shí)間來(lái)獨(dú)處以及與摯友和家人相處。這就是杰克進(jìn)入的消費(fèi)社會(huì)。自然我們比那些穿著舊衣服，露宿街頭的人富有，但對(duì)這消費(fèi)社會(huì)人們也越來(lái)越抵觸。有人建議我們要把自己的一部分錢(qián)捐獻(xiàn)給第三世界；政府要縮短周工作日；而人們要分出一些工作給無(wú)業(yè)者以降低失業(yè)率。假如這樣的法律產(chǎn)生，那么這個(gè)消費(fèi)社會(huì)就會(huì)有一個(gè)大的調(diào)整，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)各種各樣的反應(yīng)。作為社會(huì)，到了我們更加肅穆地對(duì)待這些問(wèn)題的時(shí)候了。第一部分聽(tīng)力(滿分30分，限時(shí)20分鐘)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Wherearethetwospeakers?A．InCanada. B．IntheUS.C．InMexico.2．What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Classmates.B．Friends.C．Brotherandsister.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A．Careers.B．Healthproblems.C．Typesofhospitals.4．Whendoesthemanwanttogotothelibrary?A．OnSaturday.B．OnSunday.C．OnMonday.5．Howdoesthewomanrespondtotheman?A．Sheisdisappointed.B．Sheisimpressed.C．Sheisindifferent.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatisthedog'sname?A．Harry. B．Yoda.C．Luke.7．Whatisthedoglike?A．Youngandfast.B．Oldandloyal.C．Bigandscary.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatdoesthewomandislike?A．Partiesinherhouse.B．Mozart.C．Coca-Cola.9．Whatwillthewomandotonight?A．DrinksomeCoca-Cola.B．Staywithhercousin.C．MovetoJapan.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whatisthefirstthingyoushoulddobeforegivingaspeech?A．Greetingtheaudience.B．Statingyourname.C．Sharingsomerelevantinformation.11．Howshouldyouspeakwhengivingyourname?A．Clearlyandloudly.B．Clearlyandconfidently.C．Confidentlyandloudly.12.WhatmayNOThelpyoudecideonthesortofinformationyoushare?A．Theaudience.B．Thesubject.C．Theenvironment.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhenwillthemanNOTbuyflowersforhiswife?A．Onherbirthday.B．OnValentine'sDay.C．OnAprilFool'sDay.14.Whenistheman'smother'sbirthday?A．ThedaybeforeValentine'sDay.B．OnValentine'sDay.C．ThedayafterValentine'sDay.15.Whatcolordoesthemanchooseforhismother?A．Blue. B．Green.C．Purple.16.Whereisthemangoingnext?A．Abookstore.B．Asupermarket.C．Anotherflowerstore.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhenwastheWhiteHousecompleted?A．In1792. B．In1800.C．In1902.18．WhoneverlivedintheWhiteHouse?A．Washington. B．Clinton.C．Truman.19．WhichcountrydamagedtheWhiteHouse?A．France. B．England.C．Germany.20．WhatdidAndrewJacksondofortheWhiteHouse?A．Addinggrass.B．Installingrunningwater.C．Addingaporch.答案：1～5ACACB6～10CAABA11～15BCCCB16～20BBABB聽(tīng)力材料(Text1)M：Wherearewenow?Ican'ttellwhatroadthisis.W：We'reheadingfortheUS,butwe'restillinCanada.Andwe'requitealongdistancefromMexico.(Text2)W：Whatafineday!Shallwegohikingthisearlyspringmorning?M：Momwon'tletus.WehavetotakecareoflittleJennyafterwefinishourhomework.(Text3)W：Dad,IwanttobeanursewhenIgrowup.M：Anurse?Youraunthasbeenanursefor20yearsandshelovesit.Whenyourgrandmawasn'twell,sheknewhowtotakecareofher.(Text4)W：Ineedtoreturnthesebookstoday.Doyouwanttocomewithme?M：No.Thedowntownlibrarydoesn'topenonSundays.I'drathergotomorrowsoIcanchecksomenewbooksformyself.(Text5)W：Thatisabeautifulpainting,Jerry!Wheredidyoubuyit?M：Actually,Imadeit.I'vebeentakingartclassesforthepastyear.W：Really?That'samazing!Ihadnoideayouweresotalented.Thislookslikeitwaspaintedbyaprofessional.(Text6)M：Checkoutmypet!HeisaGermanshepherd.W：Aw!He'ssocute!What'shisname?M：InamedhimLukeaftermyfavoritemoviecharacter,LukeSkywalker.W：Greatname!Iamsurprisedyoudidn'tnamehimHarryafteryourfavoritebookcharacter.M：He'sreallyfast,andthat'swhyInamedhimLuke.IfIhadanolderdog,IwouldnamehimYoda.W：Howoldishe?M：Onlyfourmonthsold.(Text7)W：Bye!Haveanicenight.Youwon'tplayloudmusic,willyou?YouknowIdon'tlikepartiesinmyhouse.M：Ohno,Mrs.White!OnlyMozart,andmaybeVivaldi.W：Andofcoursenoalcoholicdrinkseither!M：No,certainlynot.OnlyCoca-Cola.W：Good,well,Iwon'tbebacktonight.I'mstayingwithmycousin.He'smovingtoJapanthisSunday.Goodbye,boys!M：Seeyouinthemorning,Mrs.White!W：Bytheway,everybodymustgohomeat11o'clock.M：Oh,allright,bye.(Text8)W：Professor,couldyougivemesomesuggestionsabouthowtointroducemyselfbeforegivingaspeech?M：OK.First,greettheaudienceandthenstateyourname.Asyousayhelloandgiveyourname,remembertospeakclearlyandconfidently.W：ShouldIspeakasloudlyaspossible?M：Notexactly.Itdependsontheenvironmentandtheaudience.Youjustneedtomakesurethatyourvoiceisloudenoughtoenableeveryonetohearyou.W：Thanks.Andnext?M：Sharesomerelevantinformationaboutyourself.Thesortofinformationyousharewilldependontheaudienceandwhatyou'llbetalkingabout.W：Iunderstand.M：Andthen,beforeyoustartthespeech,thankyouraudienceforbeingthere.W：Thankyouverymuch.Ihavelearnedalotfromyou.(Text9)W：MayIhelpyou?M：Yes,madam.I'dliketobuysomeflowers.W：Doyouwanttogivethemtoyourgirlfriend?M：No,tomywife.Godknowsthatladieslikeflowers.W：TodayisValentine'sDay.Thatmustbewhyyouwantthem.Justonedayoftheyear.M：Notexactly.Igetthemforherbirthday,andforallkindsofweirdanniversaries.W：ButnotonAprilFool'sDay,right?M：Haha,right.Oh,andbytheway,Iwantsomemoreformymother.Tomorrowisherbirthday.W：Howaboutthese?Purpleseemspopularwithmothers.M：Notwithmine.Doyouhaveanyothercolor?W：Howaboutblueorthesegreenones?Theyarefreshandbright.M：Allright!Iwilltakethesegreenonesandgotothesupermarketforsomechocolate.W：Thereisonejustacrossfromthebookstore.Hereyouare!Pleasecomeagain.M：Thanks!Bye!(Text10)W：HaveyouallheardabouttheWhiteHouse?Todaywe'regoingtotalkaboutthebuildingthatsymbolizestheUSA.Mr.Green,please.M：TheWhiteHouseisoneofthemostrecognizablestructuresintheworld.Youcan'tsayyou'vebeentoWashingtonD．C.ifyouhaven'tseentheWhiteHouse.NoteveryAmericanpresidentlivesthere.ThoughtheExecutiveMansionwasbegunin1792underthedirectionofGeorgeWashington,thestructurewasnotcompleteduntil1800,soironicallyWashingtonnevercalledithome.TheWhiteHouseisopentothepubliconweekdaysfrom10amuntilnoon.ThebuildingwastorchedbyBritishtroopsin1814,duringtheWarof1812,andthestructuraldamagecausedbythefirewasrepaired,butthesandstonewallsoutsidewerestillblackfromthefire.Thewallswerethenpaintedwhite,givingbirthtothenamethebuildingnowgoesby.AnactofCongressmadeittheofficialnamein1920.EveryPresidenthaslefthismarkupontheWhiteHouse,withThomasJeffersonaddinggrasstotheeastandwestwings,AndrewJacksoninstallingrunningwater,andHarryTrumanaddingaporch.BillClinton'sadditiontotheWhiteHousewasanindoortrack.其次部分閱讀理解(滿分40分，限時(shí)35分鐘)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACokewasintroducedbytheCocaColacompanyin1886,makingitarathertrueandtestedfavoriteofgenerationsofpeopleinover200countries.Thislistshouldgiveyousomeideasonhowtogetmorefromyourcokethanusual.1．CocaColaisanexcellentrustbuster(除銹劑).Ifyouhaveabunchofsmallrustyobjects,putthemincokeovernightandgivethemagoodscrubinthemorning.Cokehelpstobreakdowntherust,makingcleaningmucheasier.Besuretothrowouttheusedcokewhenyouaredonewithitoryoumightbetakingatriptothedoctor.2．Likethepreviousitem,thecitricacid(檸檬酸)incokemakesforanexcellentwindowcleaner.Thisisespeciallyusefulforcarwindows.Pouracanofcokeoverthewindowandrubthewindow,thenwipeitoffwithadampclothtoremoveanystickymatterfromthesugarinthedrink.Thinkofthisasacheapalternativetothemanyfruit-basedcleanersthataresoldonTV.3．Forthoseofyouwholiveinareaswhereskunk(臭鼬)smellscanbeanissuefromtimetotime,onecanofcokeaddedtowaterwithdetergent(清潔劑)reallyhelpstobreakthesmelldown.Ifyouhavebeensprayed,standintheshowerandcoveryourselffromheadtotoewithcoke—waitforafewminutes,thenwashyourselfwithashower.Cokeisanexcellenthairtreatmentsoyougettwotipsforthepriceofonewiththisitem!4．Potscansometimesgetblackonthebottom.Theblackisalmostimpossibletoremove;thisiscausedbyover-cooking.Toremovetheblackandrenewyourpot,pourinacanofcoke(orasmuchasyouneedtocovertheblackenedareabyaninch)andputitonthestoveonalowheat.Afteranhourorso,washthepotasnormal.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是應(yīng)用文?？蓸?lè)是一種受大眾寵愛(ài)的飲品，除此之外它還有其他妙用。)21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scrub”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Start. B．Cleaning.C．Shake. D．Example.解析：選B詞義揣測(cè)題。由下一句“Cokehelpstobreakdowntherust,makingcleaningmucheasier.”可知，scrub在這里是“清洗”的意思。22．Whatisimportantwhileusingcoketocleancarwindows?A．Useadrycloth.B．Rubthewindowlightly.C．Don'tpourtoomuchcoke.D．Cleanthesugarymatterthoroughly.解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“wipeitoffwithadampclothtoremoveanystickymatterfromthesugarinthedrink”可知，可樂(lè)里面有糖分，要確保把這些黏性大的糖分全部用濕布擦掉。23．Forwhichpurposedoescokehavetobemixedwithothermaterial?A．Togetridoftheblackonthepot.B．Tobreakdowntherust.C．Toremovesmells.D．Tocleanwindows.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“onecanofcokeaddedtowaterwithdetergentreallyhelpstobreakthesmelldown”可知，除臭的時(shí)候可樂(lè)須要與清潔劑協(xié)作運(yùn)用。24．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Anad. B．Areview.C．Anewsreport. D．Apracticalguide.解析：選D推理推斷題。這篇文章介紹可樂(lè)的妙用，屬于實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)類(lèi)的文章。BValentine'sDay,especiallyinAmerica,isaholidaythatbearsmuchsentimental(感情的)value.Tocelebrate,couplesexchangecardsandflowerstoexpresstheirlove.Atmyhighschool,studentscanbuyflowerstodelivertooneanotherduringclass.Asformostofmyfriends,theoccasionissimplyanexcusetoenjoychocolate.WhiletheseareallcommonideasofValentine'sDay,itishardtobelievethattheholidayisbasedonBishopValentine,whoobjectedtotherulesoftheRomanEmperorClaudius.AccordingtotheChristianfaith,Valentine'sstoryisoneofcourageandromance(浪漫)．Duringthethirdcentury,theRomanEmpirewasweakenedbyattacksfromsurroundingtribes(部落).EmperorClaudiustheSecond,whoruledatthetime,believedthatmarriagehadmadehissoldiersweak.Tosettlehisconcerns,hepassedalawthatforbademarriage,toensurethequalityofhissoldiers.Thisbanonmarriagewasagreatshock,especiallytoBishopValentine,whonotedtheinjusticeofthelaw.DisregardingClaudius'wishes,Valentinehelpedloversuniteinamarriage.However,itwasonlyamatteroftimebeforethebishop'spracticeswerediscoveredandhewascaughtbytheemperor.Immediately,Valentinewasimprisoned.Whilewaitingforhissentence,thebishop'sjailor,Asterius,approachedhim;hebeggedValentinetoheal(治愈)hisblinddaughter.Successfully,Valentinerestoredthegirl'svisionandovertime,theybecamecloseandfellinlove.Monthslater,theemperoraskedValentinetoagreetohisdemandthatValentineendhispractices.SinceClaudius'srequestwentagainsthisreligion,thebishoprefused.Momentsbeforehisexecution(處死),ValentineaskedforapenandpaperfromEmperorClaudius.Inaromanticgesture,thebishopsignedafinalfarewellmessagetoAsterius'sdaughter,hislover.Intheletter,hewrote,“fromyourValentine”—aphrasethathaslivedoneverafter.WhileValentine'sDayhasbecomeawidelycommercialized(商業(yè)化的)occasion,thereismuchtolearnfromtheholiday'shistory.Intheend,thestoryofBishopValentineshowswhattheholidayshouldrepresent—atimetoappreciatelovedones.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了情人節(jié)的由來(lái)及所蘊(yùn)含的意義。)25．WhydidClaudiusbanmarriage?A．Toexercisehispower.B．TofightagainstValentine.C．Toproducequalitysoldiers.D．Togoverntheunrulycitizens.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“believedthatmarriagehadmadehissoldiersweak.Tosettlehisconcerns,hepassedalawthatforbademarriage,toensurethequalityofhissoldiers.”可知，Claudius認(rèn)為婚姻使得他的士兵變?nèi)?，所以他下令禁止婚姻以確保他的士兵的質(zhì)量。26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restored”inParagraph4mean?A．Showed. B．Gaveback.C．Shared. D．Knewabout.解析：選B詞義揣測(cè)題。由劃線詞前的“hebeggedValentinetohealhisblinddaughter”以及“Successfully”可知，Valentine復(fù)原了女孩的視力。27．WhatdoweknowaboutValentine?A．Hehadfirmbeliefs.B．HefoundedValentine'sDay.C．HewasputtodeathbyAsterius.D．HefellinlovewithClaudius'sdaughter.解析：選A推理推斷題。由第三段中的“DisregardingClaudius'wishes,Valentinehelpedloversuniteinamarriage.”以及第四段中的“SinceClaudius'srequestwentagainsthisreligion,thebishoprefused.”可知，Valentine有堅(jiān)決的信念。28．Whatisthefocusofthistext?A．Thegreatestbishopinhumanhistory.B．WhypeoplecelebrateValentine'sDay.C．Howvalentinehelpedyoungloversunite.D．ThemeaningandhistoryofValentine'sDay.解析：選D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了情人節(jié)的由來(lái)及所蘊(yùn)含的意義。CIn2003,StellaMcCartneymarriedlongtimeboyfriendAlasdhairWillis,publisherofWallpapermagazine,whowasknownforbeinglabelandfashionconscious.HerweddingdresswasanupdatedversionoftheonewornbyhermotherLinda,whopassedawayin1998.Inadditiontoherowndress,StellahasalsodesigneddressesforcelebritiesincludingLivTylerandMadonna.Manypiecesofthedesigner'scollectionareconsideredfashionmust-haves.Airbrushed(用噴霧槍噴的)T-shirtsandsunglassesdecoratedwithrhinestones(人造鉆石)areonlysomeexamplesofthebold(大膽的)stylingStella'slinesoffer.Butitishighlyunlikelyyouwillfindapiecemadewithfur.StellaisananimalrightssupporterandhasdonealotofworkwiththeanimalrightsactivistgroupPETA.Manytimesinherlines,thedesignermeshes(搭配)streetwearwithsofter,moreclassiclooks.Sheadmitshermother'schoiceinfashionisahugeinfluenceonmanyofherdesignchoicestoday,andoftengetsemotionalwhenshetalksabouther.StellaMcCartney'snameisbecomingincreasinglyfamouswitheverylinesheproduces.Manycelebritiesproudlytellthemediathattheyenjoypurchasingandwearingitemsbythedesigner,includingactressGwynnethPaltrow.Mostrecently,StellaMcCartneyobtainedtheopportunitytodesignanewlineofAdidasclothingmadespecificallyforwomen.ThisisAdidas'firstlineofsportperformanceclothingmadeespeciallyforwomen,soitisahugecomplimentthatthecompanyhaschosenStella'sdesigns.WithalltheexposurefromcriticsandstoresinplaceslikeNewYorkCity,thesky'sthelimitforthisyoungdesigner,andit'snotjustbecauseofthefamilyname.YoucanalsofinddesignsbyStellaMcCartneyinwell-knowndepartmentstoressuchasNeimanMarcus.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是記敘文。文章介紹了時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師StellaMcCartney。)29．WhatdoweknowaboutWillis?A．Hegotmarriedin1998.B．Helikedcollectingmagazines.C．Hekepttrackofthelatestfashion.D．HedesignedStella'sweddingdress.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“wasknownforbeinglabelandfashionconscious”可知，Willis是留意時(shí)尚的人。30．WhatcanbelearnedaboutStella'sdesigns?A．They'reabstract.B．They'reconservative.C．Theyavoidusingfur.D．They'remainlystreetwear.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“Butitishighlyunlikelyyouwillfindapiecemadewithfur.”可知，Stella的設(shè)計(jì)中不會(huì)運(yùn)用皮草元素。31．WhatcanbeinferredaboutStella'sfuture?A．It'llbehard.B．It'llbebright.C．It'llbesimple.D．It'llbeuncertain.解析：選B推理推斷題。由最終一段中的“thesky'sthelimitforthisyoungdesigner”可知，Stella的將來(lái)一片光明。DToday,thenumberofsingleadultsintheU．S.—andmanyothernationsaroundtheworld—isunprecedented(前所未有的)．Singlelivinghasleftsomeinapanic.USNews&WorldReport,forexample,cautionedthatAmericansthinkthecountry'smoralvaluesarebadandgettingworse,andoneofthetopreasonsfortheirconcernisthelargenumberofpeopleremainingsingle.I'masocialscientist,andI'vespentthepasttwodecadesresearchingandwritingaboutsinglepeople.I'vefoundthattheriseofsinglelivingisbeneficialtoourcitiesandtownsandcommunities,andourrelativesandfriendsandneighbors.Foryears,communitiesacrossthecountryhavebeenorganizedbygroupsofnuclearfamilieslivinginsuburbanhomes.Butthesehousesareoftentooisolating(孤立的)—toofarfromworkandfromoneanother.Accordingtoanationalsurveyongoingsince1974,Americanshaveneverbeenlesslikelytobefriendswiththeirneighborsthantheyarenow,withneighborlinesslowestinthesuburbs.Butstudieshavealsoshownthatsinglepeopleareagainstthosetrends.Forexample,theyaremorelikelythanmarriedpeopletoencourage,helpandsocializewiththeirfriendsandneighbors.Theyarealsomorelikelytovisit,support,adviseandstayintouchwiththeirsiblingsandparents.Infact,peoplewholivealoneareoftenthelifeoftheircitiesandtowns.Theytendtoparticipateinmorecivicgroupsandpublicevents,enrollinmoreartandmusicclasses,andgoouttodinnermoreoftenthanpeoplewholivewithothers.Incontrast,whencouplesmoveintogetherorgetmarried,theytendtobecomemoreisolated.Unfortunately,singlelifecontinuestobemisunderstood,withsinglepeopleroutinelyregardedaslesssecureandmoreself-centeredthanmarriedpeople.They'resaidtodiesooner,aloneandsad.Yetstudiesofpeoplewholivealonetypicallyfindthatmostaredoingjustfine;theydon'tfeelisolated,noraretheysadandlonely.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是爭(zhēng)論文。如今越來(lái)越多的人選擇單身生活，而單身生活長(zhǎng)期被人們認(rèn)為不健康。那么，真相如何呢？32．WhatleadstoAmerica'sbadmoralvaluesaccordingtoUSNews&WorldReport?A．Morecouples'refusingtohavechildren.B．Morepeople'sgettingmarriedlate.C．Morecouples'sstayingisolated.D．Morepeople'sstayingsingle.解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“USNews&WorldReport,forexample,cautionedthat...andoneofthetopreasonsfortheirconcernisthelargenumberofpeopleremainingsingle.”可知，《美國(guó)新聞與世界報(bào)道》認(rèn)為，美國(guó)社會(huì)的道德水準(zhǔn)在下降，而重要緣由之一是太多的人選擇單身。33．What'stheproblemwithnuclearfamilies?A．Lackingsocialactivities.B．Havingtoomanychildren.C．Nothavingmuchsparetime.D．Livingtooclosetootherfamilies.解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“thesehousesareoftentooisolating...Americanshaveneverbeenlesslikelytobefriendswiththeirneighborsthantheyarenow,withneighborlinesslowestinthesuburbs.”可知，核心家庭往往比較孤立，缺乏社交活動(dòng)。34．Inmanypeople'seyes,singlepeople________.A．a(chǎn)relivinganunhappylifeB．a(chǎn)redissatisfiedwiththeirlivesC．a(chǎn)remorelikelytomakefriendsD．a(chǎn)rehappierthanmarriedpeople解析：選A推理推斷題。由末段中的“...singlelifecontinuestobemisunderstood,withsinglepeopleroutinelyregardedaslesssecureandmoreself-centeredthanmarriedpeople.They'resaidtodiesooner,aloneandsad.”可知，人們普遍誤認(rèn)為單身人士孤獨(dú)、不快樂(lè)而且可能早逝。35．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toadvisepeopletogetmarried.B．Toprovethebenefitsofstayingsingle.C．Toquestionpeople'schoiceaboutmarriage.D．TointroduceAmericans'attitudetowardssingles.解析：選B寫(xiě)作意圖題。綜合全文可知，作者先表明單身人士增多對(duì)社會(huì)是好事，接下來(lái)又訂正人們對(duì)單身人士的普遍誤會(huì)，由此可知B項(xiàng)正確。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IfindithardtodothingsIknowaregoodforme,harderthananythingelseinmyday-to-daylife.It'snotthattheactivitiesthemselvesarehard；it'sthemotivation,theinternal(內(nèi)心的)debatethatstartsupeverydaythatIstrugglewith.Overtime,I'velearnedmoreaboutself-acceptance.PerhapsIwillalwaysfinditdifficulttositdownanddosomethings,whetheritmakessenseornot.__36__Therefore,I'mafraidtoreallytalkaboutthemwithanyoneelse.Lastweek,Iwastalkingtoafriendofmineaboutthechallengeshewashavingwithacourse.__37__Hedidn'tknowwhy.Itseemedlikeeveryoneelsefoundsittingdownanddoingtheworkawalkinthepark.__38__Thatsoundedquitefamiliartome.Idecidednottohidetheresistance.Iletmyselftalkaboutitopenly.__39__Whenwe'vebeendoingsomethingforacertainamountoftime,wecanbuildupexpectationsaroundour“performance.”Weexpectourselvestobeself-acceptantninjas(忍者),spreadingpeaceandquiettoallwecomeintocontactwith.Weexpectthose“negative”emotionstodisappear.__40__Wegetanxiousandfeelresistance.That'spartofwhatitmeanstobeus,andwhatitmeanstobehuman.Animportantpartofourjourneyislearningtoacceptthatthosethingsmightneverchange，andtohaverespectforourresistance.Ourresistancecanbefrustrating,butit'sdevelopedforverygoodreasons.A．But,ofcourse,it'snotlikethat.B．Hewassayinghef