語法專題十三動詞與動詞短語

學習必備歡迎下載學習必備歡迎下載學習必備歡迎下載第十三講動詞和動詞短語真題自測【2013福建】24.Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich________spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.enjoysB.involvesC.practicesD.Suggests【2013福建】28.Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworks________indisasters.A.turndownB.turnoutC.breakdownD.breakout【2013湖北】23.Whileintelligentpeoplecanoften______thecomplex,afoolismorelikelytocomplicatethesimple.A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.survive【2013湖北】24.Accordingtothelaw,allforeignershaveto______withthelocalpolicewithintwoweeksofarrival.A.associateB.disputeC.negotiateD.register【2013湖北】25.Butterflies______asweetliquidproducedbyflowers,whichbeesandotherinsectscollect.A.carryonB.feedonC.putonD.focuson【2013湖北】26.Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetime______forsleep—pureandsimple.A.setasideB.setdownC.setoffD.setup【2013江蘇】23.—Thetownissobeautiful!Ijustloveit.—Metoo.Thecharacterofthetowniswell.A.qualifiedB.preservedC.decoratedD.simplified【2013江蘇】29.Teamleadersmustensurethatallmemberstheirnaturaldesiretoavoidtheembarrassmentassociatedwithmakingmistakes.A.getoverB.lookoverC.takeoverD.comeover【2013江西】27. Motheralwayscomplainsthatchildren_______theirshoesveryquickly. A.findout B.washout C.wearout D.setout【2013江西】31. She_____thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolor. A.connected B.fitted C.equipped D.matched.二．考點講義一、動詞英語動詞根據(jù)其意義和句法作用，可分為實義動詞、連系動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞四大類。實義動詞又稱行為動詞，為表示動作或狀態(tài)的動詞，可以單獨充當句子的謂語。實義動詞有及物動詞和不及物動詞兩類。InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeanswaitingforanotherhour.Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn'the?Inordertomakeourcitygreen,wemustplantmoretrees.二、動詞短語英語中的動詞短語通常由動詞加介詞、副詞、名詞等構(gòu)成，在句中起動詞的作用。MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadtosettingupsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.Inordertocatchupwiththeadvancedcountries,wemustkeeplearning.動詞在句中作謂語或謂語的一部分時，其形式要隨主語的人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化。高考對動詞和動詞詞組的考查主要在以下幾個方面。1．對不及物動詞的考查不及物動詞本身意思完整，不需要跟賓語，也沒有被動語態(tài)。Youaresupposedtoarriveontime.WewenttoCanadatotravelandmycousinactedasourguide.2．對及物動詞的考查及物動詞本身意思不完整，后面需要接賓語。Inourchildhood,wewereoftenremindedbyparentstopayparentstostudyhard.—Juliasaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?—Oh,really!Ihaven'tcheckedmymailboxyet.3．對連系動詞的考查連系動詞雖有一定的詞義，但不完全，不能獨立充當謂語，必須和作表語的詞(名詞、形容詞等)連用。Althoughhehastakenalotofmedicine,hishealthremainspoor.Cottonfeelssoftwhilestonefeelshard.4．動詞＋副詞Thefamousscientistgrewupwherehewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.WhenyouturnontheTVset,clearpictureswillimmediatelyappearonthescreen.注意：在“動詞＋副詞”的詞組中賓語位置有兩種情況：賓語如是名詞，則可置于副詞后面，亦可置于動詞和副詞之間。而如果賓語是代詞，只能置于動詞后面，即動詞和副詞之間。Youcantakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom.5．動詞＋介詞動詞與介詞構(gòu)成的詞組在詞義上相當于一個及物動詞，賓語置于介詞后面。Thatfashionwhichdiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.Ifyourunintoanyproblemswhenyouarriveattheairport,givemearing.6．動詞＋副詞＋介詞這類動詞短語在詞義上相當于一個及物動詞，其賓語置于介詞之后。Wemustworkhardtomakeupforlosttime.Youarewalkingtoofast.Ican'tkeepupwithyou.7．動詞＋名詞這類動詞短語中的常見動詞是have，take，give，make等，后面的名詞通常是從動詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的動作名詞，并表達了短語動詞的真正意義。Hecaughtsightofanoldfriendwhenhewasshopping.Takeholdoftheropeandyouwillclimbup.8．動詞＋名詞＋介詞這類動詞短語只用作及物動詞。名詞前可加形容詞說明程度，賓語總是位于介詞之后。KeepaneyeonthebabywhileIamout.Whattheteachersayshasgreateffectonthepupils.9．be＋形容詞(包括過去分詞作形容詞)＋介詞這類動詞短語也相當于及物動詞，賓語位于介詞后面，形容詞的詞義是短語動詞的真正詞義。ItoldhimwhatIwassurprisedatwashisattitudetowardshisstudy.Itisgoodforelderlypeopletobeinvolvedincommunityserviceactively.三．考點強化【2013遼寧】32.Briggswill_______asgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires.A.getawayB.takeoverC.setoffD.runout【2013陜西】25.Myunclehasn’tbeenabletoquitsmoking,butatleasthehas.A.cutoutB.cutdownC.cutupD.cutoff【2013天津】2.Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtoahand.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want【2013天津】8.IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasn’tabletoA.getawayB.dropinC.checkoutD.holdon【2013新課標II卷】2.Wouldyouliketowithustothefilmtonight?A.comealong B.comeoff C.comeacross D.comethrough【2013新課標II卷】8.Thewatchwasverygood,andhe20percentdownforit.A.paidB.costC.boughtD.spent【2013新課標I卷】23.Trynottocoughmorethanyoucansinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.A.check B.allow C.stop D.help【2013新課標I卷】30.Atthelastmoment,Tomdecidedtoanewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely. A.putup B.putin C.puton D.putoff【2013浙江】9.Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesureto______itwithimportantpoints.A.concludeB.leadC.avoidD.hold【2013浙江】12.Agoodlistenertakespartintheconversation,______ideasandraisingquestionstokeepthetalkflowing.A.realizingB.copyingC.offeringD.misunderstanding【2013浙江】17.Bears______fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.A.packupB.buildupC.bringupD.takeup【2013安徽】26.Traditionally,collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey______ontheirlifejourney.A.giveupB.settledownC.getthroughD.setoff四．句子翻譯

這篇新聞報道是完全根據(jù)實際情況寫的。(base…on)

父母去世后，他由他的姐姐撫養(yǎng)長大。(bring

up)

咱們應(yīng)該怎樣處理這些廢報紙？(do

with)

如果天氣允許的話，我們將在樹林里野餐。(permit)

當我到達的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)門被關(guān)上了。(find+賓語+補語)

沒人能對他的曠課做出解釋。(account

for)

我決定還是求穩(wěn)不要冒險。(take

a

chance；rather

than)五．完成句子11.Thefreshairinthecountryside_______________________________(已經(jīng)改善了)toherhealth.(difference)12.WheneverI’mintrouble,healways___________________________________(幫助我).

(hand)13._____________________________________(沉迷于玩電腦游戲),heisoftenlateforclass.

(addict)14.Shelikesspeakingillofme.Ihave__________________________(受夠了)her.(feed)15.TheEntranceExaminationtocollege______________________________(即將到來).Manystudentsaretryingtoprepareforit.(corner)16.Thethiefwascaughtand_________________________________(移交給警察).(hand)17.Healwayshelpsothersandis___________________________(與……相處得好)hiscolleagues.(term)18._______________________(據(jù)報道)over30peoplewerekilledinthebigfire.(report)19.Atpresent,you’dbetter__________________(不考慮)theseunpleasantmatters.(leave)20.Ittookmealongtime__________________________(理解)whatyouweresaying.(take)六．單詞拼寫Themilkmanleavesusabigb__________(瓶)ofmilk.Theyp____________(答應(yīng))thattheroofshouldberepairedwithintwodays.Anybodycanseethei____________(重要性)ofgoodhealth.Youcan’tp____________(可能地)runamileintwominutes.Thegoldringiskeptinas____________(秘密的)hidingplace,knownonlytoherhusband.Therewasonlyalargeappleh______________(收成)thisyear.Youcangetadoctorheretoo______________(做手術(shù))onher.Haveyoubeentakingmuchm______________(藥).Therearemanywordsthathavemorethanonep________________(發(fā)音).Thejobdemandssomeonewithacollegee________________(教育).七．詞匯回顧重點單詞1. betn.賭；打賭2. scenen.（戲?。┮粓觯滑F(xiàn)場3. permitvt.&vi.許可；允許n.通行證；執(zhí)照4. starevi.凝視；盯著看5. accountn.說明；理由；計算，賬目6. appearancen.出現(xiàn)；外貌7. patiencen.耐性；忍耐8. sillyadj.愚蠢的；無聊的9. jealousadj.妒忌的；猜疑的10. unbelievableadj.難以置信的11. rude12. manner13. scream14. indeed15. decade16. humor17. character18. director重點短語19. makeabet打賭20. goahead前進；往下說21. byaccident偶然；不小心22. accountfor說明；導(dǎo)致；做出解釋23. tobehonest說實話24. shouldertoshoulder肩并肩25. inrags衣衫襤褸26. evenif27. permit/allowsb.todosth.28. careabout29. getintotrouble30. asamatterofface31. asfor…32. giveattentionto33. honorsb.forsth.八．閱讀JamesClevelandOwenswasthesonofafarmerandthegrandsonofblackslaves.HisfamilymovedtoClevelandwhenhewas9.There,aschoolteacheraskedtheyouthhisname."J.C.,"hereplied.Shethoughthehadsaid"Jesse",andhehadanewname.Owensranhisfirstraceatage13.Afterhighschool,hewenttoOhioStateUniversity.Hehadtoworkparttimesoastopayforhiseducation.AweekbeforetheBigTenmeet,Owensaccidentallyfelldownaflightofstairs.Hisbackhurtsomuchthathecouldnotexerciseallweek,andhehadtobehelpedinandoutofthecarthatdrovehimtothemeet.Herefusedtolistentothesuggestionsthathegiveupandsaidhewouldtry,eventbyevent.Hedidtry,andtheresultsareintherecordbook.ThestagewassetforOwensvictoryattheOlympicGamesinBerlinthenextyear,andhissuccesswouldcometoberegardedasnotonlyathleticbutalsopolitical.HitlerdidnotcongratulateanyoftheAfricanAmericanwinners."Itwasallrightwithme,"hesaidyearslater."IdidntgotoBerlintoshakehandswithhim,anyway."HavingreturnedfromBerlin,hereceivednotelephonecallsfromthepresidentofhisowncountry,either.Infact,hewasnothonoredbytheUnitedStatesuntil1976,fouryearsbeforehisdeath.OwensOlympicvictoriesmadelittledifferencetohim.Heearnedhislivingbylookingafteraschoolplayground,andacceptedmoneytoraceagainstcars,trucks,motorcyclesanddogs."Sure,itbotheredme,"hesaidlater."Butatleastitwasanhonestliving.Ihadtoeat."Inti