2024屆高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題解題技巧之細(xì)節(jié)題講義

細(xì)節(jié)題解題一、解決三個(gè)問(wèn)題第一個(gè)：順序問(wèn)題先題后文還是先文后題利弊分析先文后題先題后文利于把握主旨&態(tài)度不利于把握主旨閱讀速度較慢解題效率高不利于對(duì)內(nèi)容作預(yù)測(cè)適合事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題孰優(yōu)孰劣根據(jù)個(gè)人情況和試題特點(diǎn)而定如果詞匯基礎(chǔ)好閱讀速度不錯(cuò)可以先文后題如果詞匯基礎(chǔ)弱閱讀障礙大可以先題后文一般來(lái)說(shuō)試題先后順序和文章段落先后順序一致即題文同序不過(guò)有的主旨題比較特殊需要對(duì)全文進(jìn)行歸納得出養(yǎng)成標(biāo)示文章自然段習(xí)慣12345方便題文對(duì)照建議：不但細(xì)節(jié)題其他題也最好是先閱讀題干再帶著問(wèn)題去閱讀文章這樣閱讀就有針對(duì)性第二個(gè)：文章信息分布不均衡問(wèn)題文章信息分布并不均等而關(guān)鍵信息才是解題的關(guān)鍵有以下幾種信息需要優(yōu)先關(guān)注即先讀重點(diǎn)八大關(guān)鍵信息出處分布情況①首尾句首尾段及各段首尾句或第二句②因果轉(zhuǎn)折but,yet,however,though,instead,still,infact,asamatteroffact...because,as,for,since,dueto,resultfrom,asaresult,resultin,thanksto,so,thus,therefore,consequently,cause,leadto,contributeto...,now③正反對(duì)比unlike,bycontrast,incomparison,becomparedwith,however,unfortunately,now④人觀事論Dr.xxsay,..thereportsuggeststhat...thestudyshowsthat....⑤事例前后forexample,forinstance,suchas,like,具體數(shù)據(jù)...⑥特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn):解釋或總結(jié)——解釋或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明?設(shè)問(wèn)看答案;反問(wèn)看本身⑦修飾修辭重復(fù)、倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句...⑧特殊句式特別提示以上重要信息出處對(duì)所有題型都有效不僅僅是細(xì)節(jié)題要保持對(duì)以上關(guān)鍵信息標(biāo)志詞或短語(yǔ)的敏感度關(guān)鍵信息處指的是80%往后看20%往前看最好是前后都要關(guān)注但重點(diǎn)關(guān)注后面第三個(gè)：兩大技能技能一：信息定位：從問(wèn)題題干中篩選重要信息標(biāo)記出關(guān)鍵詞作為定位詞便于后續(xù)回原文定位關(guān)鍵詞定位定位詞專有名詞用題干中首字母大寫(xiě)的人名地名組織機(jī)構(gòu)名年份等主題名詞用題干中能體現(xiàn)該句主題或中心的名詞主題動(dòng)詞用題干中能體現(xiàn)該句主題或中心的動(dòng)詞生詞難詞用題干中出現(xiàn)的生詞、難詞、長(zhǎng)詞縮略詞用題干中的縮略詞（一般會(huì)大寫(xiě)）時(shí)間數(shù)字用題干中表示時(shí)間的詞或數(shù)字序數(shù)詞特殊符號(hào)用題干中帶引號(hào)或連字符號(hào)的詞形容詞、副詞用題干中形容詞、副詞及最高級(jí)題文同序根據(jù)題干與段落出現(xiàn)先后順序一致性進(jìn)行模糊定位關(guān)鍵詞的優(yōu)先等級(jí)為：專有名詞及數(shù)字（大寫(xiě)人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名等）>普通名詞、動(dòng)詞>形容詞、副詞要保持對(duì)以上關(guān)鍵信息標(biāo)志詞或短語(yǔ)的敏感度做題五大步驟：第一步讀題干找定位信息第二步回原文定位第三步長(zhǎng)難句分析第四步排除錯(cuò)誤答案第五步選定正確答案第1篇①WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshavetakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(棲息地).②ln1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(遷徙)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N."Ding"Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,lowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresident.FranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.③About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem-afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgrammehasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogrammeseverinitiated.(2021全國(guó)I卷C篇]WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.What無(wú)效，無(wú)法幫助定位Cause低效，概括性太強(qiáng)，極易為隱藏信息Waterfowl高效，顯眼,極小概率被替換Population有效，可能被具體數(shù)量替換Decline有效，可能被同義替換NorthAmerica高效，顯眼,極小概率被替換①WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshavetakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(棲息地).1.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.不但要定位到某一段還要定位到這一段的某一句或某幾句要運(yùn)用題干中的定位詞來(lái)定位當(dāng)然還有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵信息詞unfortunately表明前后對(duì)比，說(shuō)明重要信息在后邊①WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshavetakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(棲息地).1.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.如果你的詞匯量只有初中水平可以使用排除法一一排除答案A還可以直面硬剛通過(guò)信息處理直接得出答案這就需要用到技能二了技能二信息處理：實(shí)質(zhì)就是對(duì)復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)難句進(jìn)行句子成分結(jié)構(gòu)分析目的是找出主干獲得關(guān)鍵信息（關(guān)鍵信息處）表轉(zhuǎn)折Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadesto狀語(yǔ)形主謂間賓狀形直賓定從decimatealargepartoftheseresources主語(yǔ)（不定式短語(yǔ)/非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）不定式形賓后定（介賓短語(yǔ)）介形賓Ittakessbsometimetodosth從初中開(kāi)始學(xué)校老師就告訴你這是固定搭配讓你死記非也介賓短語(yǔ)=介詞+賓語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)=非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)不但句子從句可以進(jìn)行成分分析短語(yǔ)也可以進(jìn)行成分分析著重從標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、從句引導(dǎo)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)處拆分句子Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverly主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)（抽象）（介賓短語(yǔ)）ambitioussportsmen.介賓后置定語(yǔ)（介賓短語(yǔ)）Bekilledatthehand/handsof...死于...之手BofA就是A的BMillionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)（不定式短語(yǔ)）不定式形賓greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(棲息地).狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)）現(xiàn)在分詞賓前后形成了因果關(guān)系1.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)以上信息處理我們就可以直接從最后一句得出答案A當(dāng)然出題者依然使用套路來(lái)迷惑大家在正確答案上繞了一個(gè)彎我們要對(duì)正確答案和答案特征做到心里有數(shù)注意：對(duì)于長(zhǎng)難句，如果看一眼就能讀懂，分清主干和枝葉，就不需要浪費(fèi)時(shí)間去分析成分；如果這個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句是答案來(lái)源你又看不懂，最好還是分析一下成分，找出主干獲得關(guān)鍵信息二、總結(jié):㈠、信息定位三原則夠顯眼：時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)/大寫(xiě)/數(shù)字/生僻詞...找實(shí)詞：名、動(dòng)、形少重復(fù)：文中各處反復(fù)出現(xiàn)詞無(wú)從定位無(wú)效㈡、解題步驟三步曲第一步：找關(guān)鍵定位詞從題干中標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞作為定位詞回原文定位第二步：回原文定位①回文定位到句：即用題中關(guān)鍵詞回文定位相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，直接定位到了某一句話也可以留意一下定位句的上一句和下一句，去看看有沒(méi)有相關(guān)的人物觀點(diǎn)或事件結(jié)論（人觀事論）來(lái)進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明②回文定位到段/幾句：即用題中關(guān)鍵詞回文定位范圍較大，無(wú)法直接定位到某句話，而是幾句話甚至是一個(gè)段落第三步：比對(duì)答案句和四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，選出正確選項(xiàng)㈢、正誤選項(xiàng)特征1、正確選項(xiàng)會(huì)有以下兩種形式：①信息改寫(xiě)也就是正確選項(xiàng)會(huì)對(duì)原文進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)，改寫(xiě)的方式包含以下三種，有時(shí)候這幾種情況同時(shí)出現(xiàn)：同義詞替換、前后語(yǔ)序調(diào)整、詞性改寫(xiě)。②信息概括這種相對(duì)較難，正確選項(xiàng)是對(duì)原文的概括總結(jié)或者正話反說(shuō)。一般是針對(duì)回文定位到幾句或者一整段的題。2、錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)類型如下：無(wú)中生有：原文找不到相匹配對(duì)象以偏概全：原文和選項(xiàng)的范圍不一致擴(kuò)大范圍：選項(xiàng)范圍大于原文偷換概念：原文和選項(xiàng)的對(duì)象不一致答非所問(wèn)：選項(xiàng)信息本身正確，但和題目無(wú)關(guān)正反混淆：原文和選項(xiàng)信息方向相反南轅北轍因果顛倒：原因和結(jié)果互換位置東拼西湊：在原文截取不同句子的部分信息進(jìn)行拼湊練習(xí)應(yīng)用第2篇Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感)intelligence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson'smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand"peopleskills".Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-basedemotionalintelligence.1.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest.B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson'smind.C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills.D.ltreferstoaperson'spositivequalities.首先找出題干里的定位詞1.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?根據(jù)定位詞回到原文定位并且要對(duì)關(guān)鍵信息標(biāo)志詞敏感Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感)intelligence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson'smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand"peopleskills".Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-basedemotionalintelligence.1.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest.B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson'smind.C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills.D.ltreferstoaperson'spositivequalities.如果你詞匯量只有初中水平最好用排除法Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感)intelligence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson'smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand"peopleskills".Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-basedemotionalintelligence.1.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest.B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson'smind.C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills.D.ltreferstoaperson'spositivequalities.A選項(xiàng)與原文相反；B選項(xiàng)無(wú)中生有原文沒(méi)有提及C選項(xiàng)以答非所問(wèn)本身是正確理解的而非誤解那么答案就是D還可以直面硬剛通過(guò)信息處理直接得出答案介Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableina定主狀謂賓賓補(bǔ)（介賓短語(yǔ)）介狀賓后定地狀（介賓短語(yǔ)）介person'smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,定賓定從主謂狀語(yǔ)（介賓短語(yǔ)）介賓confidence,mentalstability,optimismand"peopleskills".desirable/d?'za??r?b(?)l/adj.

可取的,值得擁有的,合意的somethingthatisconsideredafavorableoutcome,seee.g.

\o"Bestresponse"bestresponsemakeup組成構(gòu)造延伸為性格天性含義把emotionalintelligence誤解成everythingdesirableinaperson'smakeupsuchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand"peopleskills"通過(guò)desirablecharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand"peopleskills"得知這些都是積極的因素所以選D出題者的套路彎彎繞又來(lái)了：正確選項(xiàng)是對(duì)原文的概括總結(jié)或者正話反說(shuō)第3篇1.Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.2.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.lt'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.3."Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,"shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.4."However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,"Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.5.Asaresult,"shesays,"someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers."Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,"shesays.Ittakessomepractice.[2020全國(guó)I卷C篇]Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It'slesschallengingphysically.C.lt'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.lt'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.從題干尋找定位詞1.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.1.Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.2.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.lt'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.3."Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,"shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.4."However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,"Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.5.Asaresult,"shesays,"someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers."Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,"shesays.Ittakessomepractice.[2020racewalkers在文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)如果是主旨題這就是關(guān)鍵詞主題詞但對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)題來(lái)說(shuō)就是無(wú)效的定位詞那只能是conditionedatheletes來(lái)定位從而定位到第2段Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.lt'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.1.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C,Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.如果你有初中詞匯量只能用排除法了A選項(xiàng)答非所問(wèn)并沒(méi)有指出原因B選項(xiàng)無(wú)中生有原文并未提及D.偷換概念原文說(shuō)要swinglegs但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)begoodat通過(guò)排除法得出答案C還可以直面硬剛通過(guò)信息處理直接得出答案Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswing定主謂賓從1定主謂賓方式狀語(yǔ)（介賓短語(yǔ)）介賓后定（介賓短語(yǔ)）介賓andonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.賓從2主系表（介賓短語(yǔ)）時(shí)狀（介賓短語(yǔ)）介賓后定（介賓短）介賓lt'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity定定主強(qiáng)調(diào)句謂賓定定賓補(bǔ)ThisstrangeformmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivityItis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其余部分（英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中的高分句）C選項(xiàng)specialrules與原文的rulesrequire相呼應(yīng)我們來(lái)看第二題2.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It'slesschallengingphysically.C.lt'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.lt'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.從題干中找定位詞Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning根據(jù)題文同序原則第1和2段不要找要去345這三段去找并且找的是racewalking比running優(yōu)勢(shì)的地方這時(shí)要結(jié)合關(guān)鍵信息八大定位來(lái)處理3."Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,"shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.4."However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,"Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.5.Asaresult,"shesays,"someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers."Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,"shesays.Ittakessomepractice三段都出現(xiàn)了定位詞和關(guān)鍵信息標(biāo)志詞因?yàn)闄M跨三個(gè)段跨度較大需要進(jìn)一步概括和信息處理"Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,"shesays.觀點(diǎn)1比狀（介賓）主系狀表介賓Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburn原因狀語(yǔ)（介賓短語(yǔ)）主后定（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)）謂短語(yǔ)介詞定賓非謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)（介賓短語(yǔ)）副連about800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburn狀定賓方狀（介短）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主系狀表狀定比較狀語(yǔ)從句walking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecalories非限制性定語(yǔ)從句perhour.數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)1主狀謂狀定賓方狀概括大意：觀點(diǎn)是racewalking和running都要消耗體力，但消耗的卡路里不同并且racewalking比running消耗的少顯然這不是優(yōu)勢(shì)as...as的知識(shí)點(diǎn)同級(jí)比較和...一樣（在英文寫(xiě)作中也是高分句）Sheisasfatasme副形介SheisasfatasIam副形連4."However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,"Dr.Norbergsays.觀點(diǎn)2主