建筑專業(yè)英文筆記整理大全

建筑專業(yè)英文筆記整理大全1.IntroductionInthefieldofarchitecture,itisessentialforprofessionalstohaveagoodcommandofEnglishinordertocommunicateeffectivelywithclients,colleagues,andconsultantsfromaroundtheworld.ThiscomprehensivecollectionofEnglishnotesspecificallycaterstostudentsandprofessionalsinthefieldofarchitecture,providingthemwiththenecessaryvocabulary,grammar,andphrasestosucceedintheircareers.2.Vocabulary2.1BuildingElementsFoundation:Thelowestpartofabuildingthatsupportsthestructureabovegroundlevel.Roof:Thetopcoveringofabuildingthatprotectsitfromtheelements.Wall:Averticalstructurethatdivides,encloses,orsupportsabuildingorroom.Beam:Along,sturdypieceoftimberorsteelthatsupportstheweightofabuilding.Column:Avertical,cylindricalsupportstructurethatbearstheweightofthebuilding.Window:Anopeninginawallorroofofabuildingthatallowslightandairtoenter.Door:Anentranceorexittoabuildingorroom.Staircase:Asetofstepsthatallowspeopletomovebetweendifferentlevelsinabuilding.Balcony:Aplatformthatextendsfromabuilding,typicallywithabalustrade.Facade:Thefrontfaceorexteriorofabuilding.2.2ArchitecturalStylesGothic:Astyleofarchitecturecharacterizedbypointedarches,ribbedvaults,andflyingbuttresses.Renaissance:AstyleofarchitecturethatemergedinEuropeduringthe15thand16thcenturies,characterizedbyclassicalproportionsanddecorativeelements.Modernism:Astyleofarchitecturethatdevelopedintheearly20thcentury,emphasizingfunctionandsimplicity.ArtDeco:Astyleofarchitecturethatoriginatedinthe1920sand1930s,characterizedbygeometricshapesandluxuriousmaterials.Postmodernism:Astyleofarchitecturethatemergedinthelate20thcentury,characterizedbyaplayfulmixofelementsandarejectionofmodernistprinciples.2.3ConstructionTerminologyBlueprint:Adetailedplanordrawingofabuildingorstructure.FoundationExcavation:Theprocessofdiggingaholeortrenchinthegroundtomakespaceforthefoundation.Reinforcement:Theprocessofaddingsteelbarsormeshtostrengthenconcretestructures.Formwork:Temporarymoldsorstructuresusedtoholdwetconcreteinplaceuntilithardens.Plumbing:Thesystemofpipes,drains,andfixturesusedforthedistributionofwateranddisposalofwasteinabuilding.ElectricalWiring:Thesystemofwiresandcablesusedtodistributeelectricitythroughoutabuilding.HVAC:Heating,Ventilation,andAirConditioningsystemusedtocontrolthetemperature,humidity,andairqualityinabuilding.Insulation:Materialusedtoreduceheatfloworsoundtransmissioninabuilding.Finishing:Thefinalstageofconstruction,includin