2023屆江西省鷹潭市高三英語一模試卷及答案

高三英語一模試卷一、閱讀選擇1.閱讀理解AdultEducationCoursesComputerStudiesTechnologyisadvancingatarapidpace,andwerelymoreandmoreoncomputersforeverythingfromcookingtoorganisingourtaxes.Thissix-weekcoursewillgiveyouanunderstandingofcomputerfundamentals,includingtheuseofsoftwarepackages(Word,ExcelandPowerpoint)andhowtousetheInternet.Start:May2,2021Time:Wed7pm-9pmCost:$300Length:6weeksPlace:SydneyCollegeWoodworkLearnthebasicsofwoodworkingwithsimplehands-onprojectstobuildyourconfidenceandskills.Eachlessonexploresadifferentareaofwoodworkingthatwillprovideyouwiththeskillsneededforanywoodworkingproject.Flexiblelearningallowsyoutochooseonlythelessonsthatinterestyou.Start:April15,2021Time:Mon5pm-7pmCost:$30perlessonLength:12weeksPlace:AdultLearningCentreWebDesignProvidesadvancedtraininginsoftware,design,andcodingfortheweB.Studentsmusthavealreadycompletedarecognisedbasicwebdesigncourseorhaveatleast2years'relevantworkexperience.StudentscompletingthecoursewillreceivetheDiplomainAdvancedWebDesign.Start:June1,2021Time:Weekdays9am-4pmCost:$4,990Length:40weeksPlace:UniversityofTechnologyArtThispracticalcourseisintendedtohelpestablishedartiststaketheircreativityfurther.Fromsketchingandcolour,tocomposition,paintingandexperimentingwithstyle,youwillstudyandexploreanengagingvarietyofcreativemediaandsubjectmatter.Start:April21,2021Time:Thur3pm-6pmCost:$750Length:15weeksPlace:CityArt〔1〕Whichcoursesaresuitableforbeginners?A.WebDesignandArt.

BputerStudiesandArt.

C.WoodworkandWebDesign.

DputerStudiesandWoodwork.〔2〕Whichcourseawardsstudentsanofficialcertificate?A.Art.

B.Woodwork.

C.WebDesign.

DputerStudies.〔3〕HowmuchwillastudentwhoattendsonlyhalfofalltheWoodworklessonspayintotal?A.$30.

B.$180.

C.$250.

D.$360.2.閱讀理解DaphneSoares,abiologist,makesanamazingdiscoveryaboutalligators.Thefirsttimeshegotreallyclosetoanalligator(短吻鱷)waswhenshewashelpingtobolddownaneight-footAmericanalligator.Itwasthenthatshenoticedisfacewascoveredwithlittleblackspots.Thisledtothediscoveryofthelittleblackdots.Shestartedherstudyoftheblackdots.Whenshereadthebooksandscientificjournals,shelearnedthatpeoplehadnoticedthedots,butnoonereallyknewwhatthedotswerefor.Tofindoutthesecretsheplacedelectrodes(電極)onnervescomingfromsomeofthedots.Whenthenervesfired,theysentamessagetothebrainandcreatedatinyelectriccurrent.Justthensheheardasmallsoundoveraloudspeaker.Shetiredtoseeifthedotsactedlikeeyesandtemperaturesensors,butnothingworked.Onedayshewascarelesswithdroppingatoolintoanalligator'stank.Whensheputherhandinthetanktogetthetoolout,shemadesmallwavesinthewater.Whentheyreachedthealligator'sface,sheheardanoiseoverthespeaker.Shethenrealizedthatthedotsmustbesensitivetothechangesinpressurewhenhitbywavesofwater.Afterthat,sheisnowstudyingblindcavefish.Sheistryingtolearnwhethertheyareblindfrombirthorlosetheirsightastheygrowup.Sheisalsodoingmoreresearchoncrocodilians(鱷目).Shewantstofindouthowthegenesofalligatorswithpressuresensorsonlyontheirfacesdifferfromthegenesofcrocodiliansthathavepressuresensorsallovertheirbody.〔1〕WhydidDaphneSoaresfirstgetclosetothealligator?A.Toobserveitsblackdots.

B.Tofindthesecretofitsdots.

C.Tohelpotherstoholditup.

D.Topreventitfrommoving.〔2〕WhathappenedwhenDaphneSoaresfirstputelectrodesonthenervesofsomeblackdots?A.Alittlenoisewassentout.

B.Anelectriccurrentcreatedamessage.

C.Thenerveswereonfiresuddenly.

D.Thenervessensedtemperaturechanges.〔3〕HowdidDaphneSoaresfirstfindthefunctionofallogators'blackdots?A.Byexperiment.

B.Byreference.

C.Byaccident.

D.Bycomparison.〔4〕Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Cavefishlosesightastheygrowup.

B.DaphneSoaresdevotesherenergytoresearchwork.

C.Alligator'sgenesarethesameascrocodilian's.

D.DaphneSoaresdiscoveredanewspeciesofalligator.3.閱讀理解TheSilkRoadisarguablythemostfamouslong-distancetraderouteoftheancientworld.ThispassageconnectedEuropeintheWestwithChinaintheEast,andallowedtheexchangeofgoods,technology,andideasbetweenthetwocivilizations.Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravellingtheroad,itwasnotwithoutrisk.ThemainSilkRoadstartedinChang'an(knowntodayasXi'an),theearlyHancapital.TravelerscommencingtheirjourneyfromthiscitycouldtakeanorthernroutethatwouldtakethemacrossChina'snorthwesternprovinces.Afterthis,theywouldfacetheGobiDesert,arguablythegreatestdangeroftheSilkRoad.TheGobiDesert,thelargestdesertinAsia,consistsmainlyofrocky,hardearth.Thisfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross,comparedtosandydesertsliketheneighboringTaklamakanDesert.Likeotherdeserts,theGobiDesertisdryandhot,andthereforethebiggestchallengetravelersfacedwasobtainingenoughwaterforthemselvesaswellasfortheircamels.So,reststopswerecreatedalongtheroute,allowingtravelerstorest,eatanddrink.Theseplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods,andevenideas,amongstthetravelerswhostoppedthere.Usually,thereststopswereplacedwithinaday'sjourneyofeachother.Inthisway,travelerscouldavoidspendingtoomuchtimeinthedesert,whichwouldmakethemtargetsforrobbers,anotherdangeroftheSilkRoad.OncethroughtheGobiDesert,travelerswouldcontinuetheirjourneyintoIran,Turkey,andfinallyEurope.Whilstthispartofthejourneymayhavebeenlessdangerous,itisnotentirelywithoutitsperils.〔1〕Theunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphrefersto_____.A.makinghugeprofits

B.travelingtheSilkRoad

C.exchanginggoodsandideas

D.connectingdifferentcivilizations〔2〕WhywastheGobiDeserteasiertocrossthanotherdeserts?A.Thedesert'ssurfacewaseasiertowalkon.

B.Camelsfortransportationwereeasiertofind.

C.Itwassmallerandcouldbecrossedinlesstime.

D.Thereweremorenaturalwatersourcesavailable.〔3〕WhatcanweguessaboutthereststopsintheGobiDesert?A.Travelerswereofferedfreeaccommodation.

B.Theywerelocatedaroundtheedgesofthedesert.

C.Travelersstayingtherewereoftenattackedbycriminals.

D.Theyweresharedbytravelersfromdifferentcountries.〔4〕Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheoriginsoftheSilkRoad.

B.ThebenefitsoftheSilkRoad.

C.ThedifficultiesfacedbySilkRoadtravelers.

D.TheculturalexchangesamongSilkRoadtravelers.4.閱讀理解Cattlemanure(糞肥)hasbecomeoneoftheworld'sgreatestenvironmentalkillers,butoneDutchartistisusingchemistrytoturnitintosomethingthatisbotheco-friendlyandvaluable.Inrecentyears,scientistsaroundtheworldhavemadegreatprogressintheirattemptstorecyclecattlemanure,includingturningitintonaturalfertilizer,butEindhovendesignerJalilaEssaidididn'tthinktheywereefficientenoughtosolvetheglobalmanureproblem.Soshestartedonherveryownsolution,onethatapproachedanimalwasteasavaluablematerialthatcouldbeprocessedintousefulproducts.Shestartedbyseparatingthewaste,withthedrymanureusedtogetpurecellulose(纖維素)fromthegrassthatcowseat.Fromthewetmanure,shegotacidsusedtocreateanaturalliquidplasticwhichwasusedtomakefiberthatarelaterturnedintofabric(materialusedformakingclothes).ThisnewmaterialwasnamedMestic,frommest,theDutchwordformanure.Essaidiclaimthatithasthesamefunctionasplasticfromfossilfuels,butisbio-degradable(可生物降解的).Betteryet,thedegradabilitycanbedealtwithinthelab,makingitpossibletocreatematerialsthatlastfordifferentperiodsoftimedependingontheirpurpose."Thisisnotthefirsttimethatscientistshavebeenlookingforwaystosolvethemanureproblem,butitisthefirsttimethatmanureisbeingconsideredasavaluableresource."theDutchdesignersaid.Lastyear,JalilaEssaldipartneredwiththecityofEindhoventoproduceafashionshowusingMestic-basedfabrics.HerMesticcollectionwassoimpressivethatclothinggiantH&MawardedhertheGlobalChangeAwardanda$1millionprize.AndcowmanureisjustthebeginningofJalilaEssaldi'sexperimentswithanimalwaste."Aftercows,we'lldealwithpigsandotheranimals,"shesaid.〔1〕Whyhastheauthorwrittenthetext?A.Tosuggestpracticalwaystodealwithcattlemanure.

B.ToadvertiseforsomeclothesmadebyaDutchcompany.

C.Tointroduceadesignerwhoturnscowmanureintoclothing.

D.Topersuadepeopletopurchaseproductsmadefrommanure.〔2〕WhichisthecorrectorderofmakingMestic-basedclothing?A.acids→liquidplastic→manure→fabric→fibers→clothing

B.manure→acids→liquidplastic→fibers→fabric→clothing

C.liquidplastic→manure→fabric→fibers→acids→clothing

D.fibers→manure→acids→fabric→liquidplastic→clothing〔3〕WhatdoweknowaboutMestic?A.Itssmellisratherterrible.

B.Itismadefromfossilfuels.

C.ItsnamehasaDutchorigin.

D.Itcanonlybemadeinthelab.〔4〕WhatdoJalilaEssaidi'swordsinthelastparagraphmean?A.Somethingmoreneedstobedoneaboutcowmanure.

B.Shewillswitchtootheranimalswasteinthefuture.

C.Whatexperimentstodonextreallypuzzlesher.

D.Thefutureoffashionableclothingisoptimistic.二、任務(wù)型閱讀5.任務(wù)型閱讀Dowehaveamovementsignature?Ashumans,wehaveseveralqualitiesthatseparateusfromoneanother,suchasourfingerprints.________Accordingtoarecentstudy,eachpersonhasauniquemovementsignature(鮮明特征).Dependingontheperson,thesedifferencescanbesubtleorpronounced.________

Forthestudy,scientistsattachedelectrodes(電極)tomusclesinthelegsofvolunteers.Thevolunteerwerethenaskedtoperformactivitiessuchaswalkingonwalkingmachinesandridingstationarybikes(健身車),whichwereadjustedaccordingtoeachperson'sphysicalappearanceinordertomakesureeveryonewasjudgedusingthesamestandards.Scientistsfedtheinformationtoacomputeralongwiththevolunteer'sname.________Next,thecomputerwasfedinformationwithouttheuser'snameanditcouldidentitythepersoncorrectly99%ofthetime.Theoutcomesofthestudyshowedthateachofusdoeshavesomethinguniqueaboutourgeneralmovements.________

Sincethisisjustapilotstudy,scientistswilldomoreteststoseeifthesignaturechangeswithageandweightchanges.Butwithadeeperunderstandingofthescienceofmovement,doctorscouldpossiblydevelopmoreintricateprosthetics(復(fù)雜精細(xì)的假肢).________Whetherthat'scoolorfrighteningisuptoyoutodecide.A.Howcouldthisstudybeofusetoscientists?B.Whatdoyouthinkofthefindingsofthestudy?C.Volunteersareexpectedtowriteareportontheactivities.D.Isitpossiblethatwealsohaveuniquequalitiesinourmovement.E.Scientistscouldalsoprogramrobotstocopyhumans'movementsmoreexactly.F.Inthisway,thecomputercouldlearntheuniquemovementqualityofeachperson.G.Thestudywasconductedbyinvitingpeopletotakepartinacoupleofphysicalactivities.三、完形填空6.完形填空Iwanttodotherightthingbytheenvironment,andsodoyou.But,let'sfaceit:itisn'talways1.Themomentonethinksabouttheseriousnessofthe2

weface,itisdifficultnottofeelprofoundlyhopeless.Forexample,inorderto3

thisarticle,IvisitTheWorldCounts(theworldcounts),whichoffersallthelatest4

statistics(統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)),anditwas5

tosendmetobedfortheday.There'sonethingIfind6

abouttryingtobe7.Itischoosingbetweenallthecountless8

onoffer.Arebambootoothbrushesbetterthanelectricones?Dotrainsalwayscauselesspollutionthanplanes?Shouldonereplaceoldbutperfectlyusablesmartphoneswith9

andhigh-techversions?Thereissomuch10

outtheretoanalyse.WhenIfindmyselfindespair(絕望),I11

anarticlebyLorenEiseleyinwhichtwomenarewalkingalongabeachcoveredbythousandsof12,dyingstarfish.Oneofthemen13

throwingindividualstarfishbackintothewater.Theotherman14

thatastherearesomanystarfishintrouble,hiscompanion'sactionswillmakeno15.Butthefirstman16

thatitwillmakeadifferencetoeachstarfishhemanagesto17.Itisanoft-repeatedstory,butthatdoesn'tmakeitanyless18.Someonehasputitinanutshellwhenhesaid,"itisthegreatestofall19

todonothingbecauseyoucanonlydoalittle—dowhatyou20."1.A.interestingB.easyC.usefulD.valuable2.A.stressB.problemC.illnessD.change3.A.researchB.viewC.understandD.print4.A.internationalB.historicalC.environmentD.advanced5.A.enoughB.helpfulC.possibleD.necessary6.A.strangestB.greatestC.funniestD.hardest7.A.healthierB.greenerC.clevererD.stronger8.A.suggestionB.protectionC.choicesD.chances9.A.newB.popularC.freeD.unique10.A.instructionB.preparationC.explanationD.information11.A.continueB.receiveC.completeD.remember12.A.colorfulB.made-upC.washed-upD.common13.A.startsB.avoidsC.forgetsD.minds14.A.pointoutB.provesC.worksoutD.imagines15.A.promiseB.differenceC.effortD.secret16.A.learnsB.realizesC.repliesD.accepts17.A.controlB.catchC.findD.save18.A.difficultB.trueC.enjoyableD.painful19.A.causeB.challengesC.mistakesD.opportunities20.A.needB.expectC.wantD.can四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文7.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容〔不多于3個單詞〕或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheannualIceandSnowSculptureFestivalisHarbin'smaintouristhighlight.Itistheworld'sbiggestwinterfestival.The________

(bitter)coldwintersarejustrightforthisfestival.________

setstheHarbinfestivalapartisthescaleandsizeofthesculpturesandthe________(beauty)lighting.Itisbiggerthan________onesinSapporo,Norway,andQuebec.Atfirst,mainlyChineseparticipated,butinthelastdecade,it________(become)aninternationalfestivaland________(compete).Asthefestivalgrowsininternationalparticipation,andasChina'seconomygrows,thesizeofthesnowsculpturesandicearchitectureexhibitskeeps________(grow).Theworkgoingintomakingthoseexhibitsisastonishing,andtheirsizeandbeautyisamazing.Thelightning________(effect)onthehugeicesculpturesintheIceandSnowWorldaretechnologicallycomplex.Officiallythefestival________(hold)fromtheendofDecemberthroughFebruary.Openingdateskeepchanging,andendingdatespartlydepends________theweather.TheSunIslandScenicAreawillbeopenedfromDec.21toFeb.28.五、短文改錯8.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號〔∧〕，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線〔\〕劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1〕每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2〕只允許修改10處，多者〔從第11處起〕不計分。Todaywasmyfather'sbirthday,soIdecidedtobakeacakeforhim.Ididn'tknowhowmakeacake.Icouldn'ttellmyfatherbecauseofIwantedtogivehimasurprise.Itwasmyfirstlyattempt,soIsearchedontheInternetandfoundmuchvideosthere.Ichoosethebestone.Isawthefullvideosandstartedbaking.FirstIcollectedallthethingswhichmightbeneededtobakeacake.Andthen,Ifollowedthestepsandfinallymycakewasready.Last,Idecoratedthecakebychocolatessothatitlookedmoredelicious.ThenIgavethecaketohisfatherandhewasreallysurprising.六、提綱類作文9.假設(shè)你是李華，每周一你們班的英語課上課前都有一個三分鐘的個人演講活動，你打算在下周的英語課上講?如何養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣?。請你用英語準(zhǔn)備一篇演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：1〕簡述習(xí)慣不好的現(xiàn)象；2〕如何養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣；3〕表達(dá)感受或期望。注意：1〕詞數(shù)100左右；2〕可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：生活習(xí)慣livinghabits

答案解析局部一、閱讀選擇1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四種成人教育課程?！军c(diǎn)評】此題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。1.(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)ComputerStudies局部中的“Thissix-weekcoursewillgiveyouanunderstandingofcomputerfundamentals〞可知，這門課程會使你了解計算機(jī)根底知識，與Woodwork局部中的“Learnthebasicsofwoodworkingwithsimplehands-onprojectstobuildyourconfidenceandskills.〞可知，這門課程會學(xué)習(xí)根本的木工與簡單的動手工程，可知，這兩門課程都是適合新手的根底課程，應(yīng)選D。1.(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)WebDesign局部中的“StudentscompletingthecoursewillreceivetheDiplomainAdvancedWebDesign.〞可知，完成課程的學(xué)生將獲得高級網(wǎng)頁設(shè)計文憑。所以WebDesign課程授予學(xué)生官方證書。應(yīng)選C。1.(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Woodwork的收費(fèi)要求Cost:$30perlesson，Length:12weeks可知，課程一共持續(xù)十二周，每節(jié)課30美元。故可知半學(xué)期，即六周的課程需要花費(fèi)6*30=180美元。應(yīng)選B。2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了DaphneSoares關(guān)于短吻鱷的一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！军c(diǎn)評】此題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2.(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thefirsttimeshegotreallyclosetoanalligator(短吻鱷)waswhenshewashelpingtobolddownaneight-footAmericanalligator.〞她第一次真正接近短吻鱷是在她幫助擊落一只8英尺高的美洲短吻鱷時?？芍趲椭プ《涛趋{時，她第一次真正接近短吻鱷，應(yīng)選D。2.(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Tofindoutthesecretsheplacedelectrodes(電極)onnervescomingfromsomeofthedots.Whenthenervesfired,theysentamessagetothebrainandcreatedatinyelectriccurrent.Justthensheheardasmallsoundoveraloudspeaker.〞為了發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的秘密，她將電極放置在來自這些點(diǎn)的神經(jīng)上。當(dāng)神經(jīng)觸發(fā)時，它們向大腦發(fā)送信息并產(chǎn)生微小的電流。就在這時，她聽到揚(yáng)聲器里傳來一個小小的聲音?？芍?，當(dāng)DaphneSoares第一次把電極放置在來自這些黑點(diǎn)的神經(jīng)上，聽到了一個小小的聲音，應(yīng)選A。2.(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Onedayshewascarelesswithdroppingatoolintoanalligator'stank.…Shethenrealizedthatthedotsmustbesensitivetothechangesinpressurewhenhitbywavesofwater.〞有一天，她不小心把一個工具丟進(jìn)了鱷魚的水箱里。當(dāng)她把手伸進(jìn)水箱取出工具時，她在水里激起了小浪。當(dāng)他們走到鱷魚的臉上時，她聽到揚(yáng)聲器里有聲音。然后她意識到這些點(diǎn)一定對水波沖擊時壓力的變化很敏感?？芍?，DaphneSoare第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)鱷魚的這些黑點(diǎn)的作用是她不小心把一個工具丟進(jìn)了鱷魚的水箱的這次，可推斷是一次意外事件，應(yīng)選C。2.(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Afterthat,sheisnowstudyingblindcavefish.…Shewantstofindouthowthegenesofalligatorswithpressuresensorsonlyontheirfacesdifferfromthegenesofcrocodiliansthathavepressuresensorsallovertheirbody.〞在那之后，她現(xiàn)在正在研究盲穴魚。她試圖了解他們是天生失明還是在成長過程中失明。她也在做更多關(guān)于鱷魚的研究。她想找出只有面部有壓力傳感器的短吻鱷的基因與全身都有壓力傳感器的鱷魚的基因有什么不同。可知，本段描述的都是關(guān)于DaphneSoares所做的研究，推斷出DaphneSoares致力于研究工作。應(yīng)選B。3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，盡管穿越絲綢之路的商人可以掙大錢，但穿越絲綢之路并非毫無風(fēng)險。作者介紹了絲綢之路危險重重，絲綢之路商人面臨的兩大挑戰(zhàn)一是沿途地理環(huán)境惡劣，二是路途可能遭遇的歹徒搶劫。

〔1〕考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第一段中的“Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravellingtheroad〞可知，盡管穿越絲綢之路的商人可以掙大錢，但穿越絲綢之路并非毫無風(fēng)險。根據(jù)該句表達(dá)的含義可推斷出it指“穿越絲綢之路〞。應(yīng)選B。

〔2〕考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheGobiDesert,thelargestdesertinAsia,consistsmainlyofrocky,hardearth.Thisfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross,comparedtosandydesertsliketheneighboringTaklamakanDesert.〞戈壁沙漠是亞洲最大的沙漠，主要由堅硬的巖石構(gòu)成。與鄰近的塔克拉瑪干沙漠等沙質(zhì)沙漠相比，這一特點(diǎn)使商人更容易穿越?？芍瓯谏衬员绕渌衬菀状┰?，是因?yàn)楦瓯谏衬乇碇饕菆杂驳膸r石，比擬容易走。應(yīng)選A。

〔3〕考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“So,reststopswerecreatedalongtheroute,allowingtravelerstorest,eatanddrink.Theseplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods,andevenideas,amongstthetravelerswhostoppedthere.〞因此，沿途設(shè)立了休息站，讓旅客休息、吃飯和喝水。這些地方也促進(jìn)了停留在那里的旅客之間的貨物甚至思想的交流。可推知，絲綢之路沿途驛站是世界各國旅行者共享的。應(yīng)選D。

〔4〕考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravellingtheroad,itwasnotwithoutrisk.〞盡管穿越絲綢之路的商人可以掙大錢，但穿越絲綢之路并非毫無風(fēng)險。結(jié)合文章主要說明了絲綢之路危險重重，絲綢之路商人面臨的兩大挑戰(zhàn)一是沿途地理環(huán)境惡劣，二是路途可能遭遇的歹徒搶劫。應(yīng)選C。

【點(diǎn)評】此題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，代詞指代，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇?dú)v史類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的根底上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，介紹了荷蘭一位設(shè)計師正在運(yùn)用化學(xué)原理將牛糞轉(zhuǎn)化成對環(huán)境無害的有用之物，例如服裝面料?！军c(diǎn)評】此題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4.(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“butoneDutchartistisusingchemistrytoturnitintosomethingthatisbotheco-friendlyandvaluable〞但是一位荷蘭藝術(shù)家正在使用化學(xué)方法把它變成一種既環(huán)保又有價值的東西?？芍?，本文的主要目的是要介紹一位設(shè)計師用化學(xué)方法將牛糞變成有用之物—服裝。應(yīng)選C。4.(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Shestartedbyseparatingthewaste,withthedrymanureusedtogetpurecellulosefromthegrassthatcowseat.Fromthewetmanure,shegotacidsusedtocreateanaturalliquidplasticwhichwasusedtomakefiberthatarelaterturnedintofabric(materialusedformakingclothes).〞她從別離糞便開始，將干糞中的純纖維素提取出來，這些纖維素來自牛所吃的草。她還從新鮮的糞便中提取出用于制作醋酸纖維素這一天然液體塑料的酸類物質(zhì)。醋酸纖維素可以用來制作纖維，纖維又是生成布料和生物塑料的原料?？芍谱髁鞒虘?yīng)是manure(牛糞)→acids(酸)→liquidplastic(液體塑料)→fibers(醋酸纖維)→fabric(纖維)→clothing(布料)。應(yīng)選B。4.(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“ThisnewmaterialwasnamedMestic,frommest,theDutchwordformanure.〞這種新材料被命名為Mestic，來自荷蘭語mest，意思是肥料?？芍@個名字起源于荷蘭語。應(yīng)選C。4.(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“AndcowmanureisjustthebeginningofJalilaEssaldi'sexperimentswithanimalwaste.‘Aftercows,we'lldealwithpigsandotheranimals,’shesaid.〞牛糞只是JalilaEssaldi動物糞便實(shí)驗(yàn)的開始?！俺伺?，我們還將要處理豬和其他動物的糞便，〞她說。可推知，她想要表達(dá)的是在成功將牛糞轉(zhuǎn)變成衣服之后，他們還會繼續(xù)研究如何將其他動物的糞便轉(zhuǎn)化成為有價值的東西。應(yīng)選B。二、任務(wù)型閱讀5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于“是否每個人都有獨(dú)特的運(yùn)動特點(diǎn)〞的研究，包括研究過程及意義。

【點(diǎn)評】考查七選五，本文是一篇科研類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的根底上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。三、完形填空6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者用一個男子拯救海星的故事告訴我們：保護(hù)環(huán)境雖然非常困難，但是做點(diǎn)力所能及的事就是有意義的。

【點(diǎn)評】考查完形填空，此題考點(diǎn)涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，固定短語等多個知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的根底上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。6.(1)句意：但是，讓我們面對現(xiàn)實(shí)：這并不總是容易的。A.interesting“有趣的〞；B.easy“容易的〞；C.useful“有用的〞；D.valuable“有價值的〞。根據(jù)上文“Iwanttodotherightthingbytheenvironment,andsodoyou.But〞我想為保護(hù)環(huán)境做些正確的事，你也一樣。以及表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的But可知，想為保護(hù)環(huán)境做正確的事情并不總是容易的。應(yīng)選B。6.(2)句意：一想到我們所面臨問題的嚴(yán)重性，就很難不感到深深的絕望。A.stress“壓力〞；B.problem“問題〞；C.illness“疾病〞；D.change“變化〞。根據(jù)上文“Iwanttodotherightthingbytheenvironment〞我想為保護(hù)環(huán)境做些正確的事，可知，此處是指環(huán)境問題。應(yīng)選B。6.(3)句意：例如，為了研究這篇文章，我訪問了TheWorldCounts(theworldcounts)，它提供了所有最新的環(huán)境統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，這足以讓我躺下休息一天。A.research“調(diào)查，研究〞；B.view“觀察〞；C.understand“明白〞；D.print打印。根據(jù)“IvisitTheWorldCounts(theworldcounts)〞可知，在網(wǎng)站上搜索數(shù)據(jù)的目的是研究這篇文章。應(yīng)選A。6.(4)句意：例如，為了研究這篇文章，我訪問了TheWorldCounts(theworldcounts)，它提供了所有最新的環(huán)境統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，這足以讓我躺下休息一天。A.international“國際的〞；B.historical“歷史的〞；C.environment“環(huán)境〞；D.advanced“先進(jìn)的〞。根據(jù)上文“Iwanttodotherightthingbytheenvironment〞可知，這個網(wǎng)站是關(guān)于環(huán)境的。應(yīng)選C。6.(5)句意：例如，為了研究這篇文章，我訪問了TheWorldCounts(theworldcounts)，它提供了所有最新的環(huán)境統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，這足以讓我躺下休息一天。A.enough“足夠的〞；B.helpful“有幫助的〞；C.possible“可能的〞；D.necessary“必要的〞。根據(jù)“whichoffersallthelatestenvironmentstatistics〞可知，此處是指搜索這些數(shù)據(jù)足以讓“我〞休息一天，旨在突出數(shù)據(jù)之多，工作量之大。應(yīng)選A。6.(6)句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)要想變得更環(huán)保，有一件事是最難的。A.strangest“最奇怪的〞；B.greatest“最偉大的〞；C.funniest“最有趣的〞；D.hardest“最難的〞。根據(jù)下文“Arebambootoothbrushesbetterthanelectricones?Dotrainsalwayscauselesspollutionthanplanes?〞竹制牙刷比電動牙刷好嗎？火車造成的污染總是比飛機(jī)少嗎？可知，做出最環(huán)保的選擇是最困難的事。應(yīng)選D。6.(7)句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)要想變得更環(huán)保，有一件事是最難的。A.healthier“更健康的〞；B.greener“更環(huán)保的〞；C.cleverer“更聰明的〞；D.stronger“更強(qiáng)壯的〞。根據(jù)下文“Arebambootoothbrushesbetterthanelectricones?Dotrainsalwayscauselesspollutionthanplanes?〞竹制牙刷比電動牙刷好嗎？火車造成的污染總是比飛機(jī)少嗎？可知，此處是指要想變得更環(huán)保，做出最環(huán)保的選擇是最難的。應(yīng)選B。6.(8)句意：它是在無數(shù)的選擇中做出正確的選擇。A.suggestion“建議〞；B.protection“保護(hù)〞；C.choices“選擇〞；D.chances“時機(jī)〞。根據(jù)下文“Arebambootoothbrushesbetterthanelectricones?Dotrainsalwayscauselesspollutionthanplanes?〞竹制牙刷比電動牙刷好嗎？火車造成的污染總是比飛機(jī)少嗎？可知，此處是指在無數(shù)的選擇中做出正確的選擇。應(yīng)選C。6.(9)句意：我們應(yīng)該用新的高科技版本取代舊的但完全可用的智能嗎？A.new“新的〞；B.popular“流行的〞；C.free“自由的〞；D.unique“獨(dú)特的〞。根據(jù)“oldbutperfectlyusablesmartphones〞可知，此處是指新的高科技版本。應(yīng)選A。6.(10)句意：有太多的信息需要分析。A.instruction“指導(dǎo)〞；B.preparation“準(zhǔn)備〞；C.explanation“解釋〞；D.information“信息〞。根據(jù)“toanalyse〞可知，此處是指分析信息。應(yīng)選D。6.(11)句意：當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己陷入絕望時，我想起了洛倫·艾斯利的一篇文章。在這篇文章中，兩個人走在一個海灘上，海灘上滿是被沖上岸的、瀕臨死亡的海星。A.continue“繼續(xù)〞；B.receive“收到〞；Cplete“完成〞；D.remember“記得〞。根據(jù)“WhenIfindmyselfindespair〞可知，此處是指“我〞想起了洛倫·艾斯利的一篇文章。應(yīng)選D。6.(12)句意：當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己陷入絕望時，我想起了洛倫·艾斯利的一篇文章。在這篇文章中，兩個人走在一個海灘上，海灘上滿是被沖上岸的、瀕臨死亡的海星。A.colorful“五彩繽紛的〞；B.made-up“捏造的〞；C.washed-up“沖洗的〞；Dmon“普遍的〞。根據(jù)“dyingstarfish〞可知，此處是指被沖上岸的、瀕臨死亡的海星。應(yīng)選C。6.(13)句意：其中一名男子開始把一只一只海星扔回水中。A.starts“開始〞；B.avoids“防止〞；C.forgets“忘記〞；D.minds“介意〞。根據(jù)下文，既然有這么多海星有麻煩，他同伴的行動不會有什么影響，可知，其中一名男子開始把一只一只海星扔回水中。應(yīng)選A。6.(14)句意：另一個人指出，既然有這么多海星有麻煩，他同伴的行動不會有什么影響。A.pointout“指出〞；B.proves“證明〞；C.worksout“鍛煉〞；D.imagines“想象〞。根據(jù)“astherearesomanystarfishintrouble,hiscompanion'sactionswillmakenodifference〞可知，此處是指另一個人