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WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)RichardM.CarrWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)ContentofPresentationNeedsAssessmentNationalActionPlansRelativeRisksTechnologyOptionsWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)NeedsAssessmentWHYNeeded?IdentifieshealthrisksDescribescurrentmanagementpracticesRaisesawarenessProvidesinformationonamounts andtypesofwastegeneratedSupportsdevelopmentofaNationalActionPlanWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)NeedsAssessmentHow?AssessHCWMatrepresentativefacilitiesofallsizesand intypicalsettingsInterviewfacilitystaffatalllevelsInterviewstafffromkeygovernmentagencies,NGOs, andmunicipalitiesEvaluatecurriculumsatSchoolofPublicHealth,Medicine Nursing,etc.AssesscurrentlawsgoverningHCWMWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)NeedsAssessmentTools/Resources
WHORapidAssessmentTool(RAT)Aide-MemoireSafehealth-carewastemanagementWebsites:
TechnicaloptiondatabaseonwebsiteWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)NationalActionPlanSuccessfulHCWMStrategiesInclude:
NationalpolicyforsafeHCWMComprehensivesystemofHCWMAwarenessandtrainingSelectionofoptionsforHCWMWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)NationalActionPlanNationalpolicyforsafeHCWMDesignateresponsibleauthorityRegulatoryframework&guidelinesAssessmentofstatus&problemsOverallwastemanagementplanMonitoring&evaluationWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)NationalActionPlanComprehensivesystemforHCWMAssignwastemanagementresponsibilitiestostaffAllocateResourcesMinimizationofwaste(procurement)SegregationofwasteSafecollection,handlingandstorageSafetreatmentanddisposalWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)NationalActionPlanAwarenessandTrainingAddwastemanagementtothecurriculaforhealth-carepersonnelDevelopnationaltrainingpackageDeveloptrainthetrainersprogrammesEducationonhealthrisksEducationonsafepracticesIncreasecommunityawarenessWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)NationalActionPlanManagementOptionsforHCWReviewavailableoptionsfordifferentsizefacilitiesand differentsettingsEvaluatesafetyandenvironmentalaspectsEnsureworker’ssafetyEvaluatesustainabilityAssessacceptabilityMonitoringofsafetyandefficiencyWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)RelativeHealthRisksReuseofneedlesandsyringesposethegreatesthealthrisks topatients,staffandthecommunityRiskstohealth-careworkersandthecommunitycanstillbe significantevenwithoutreuseBurningHCWatlowtemperaturesproducesdioxins: persistenttoxinswhicheffecthumanhealthandtheenvironmentBurningHCWcanreleasemercuryandotherheavymetals whicheffecthumanhealthandtheenvironmentRisksfromdioxinandmercuryduetoburningHCWareunknownWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)Risk:ReuseStaff&CommunityDioxinMercuryRelativeHealthRisksStrategiesforreducingrisk:ADsyringes,Over-supplyneedlesandsyringes,Goodmanagementanddisposal,HepatitisBvaccinationofstaffandchildrenSharpsboxes,protectiveclothing,training,Communityawarenessprogrammes,goodmanagementanddisposalHepatitisBvaccinationofstaffandchildrenNon-incinerationdisposaloptions,hightemperatureIncineration,procurementWastesegregation,non-incinerationdisposaloptions,procurementWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)ManagingWasteNoone-size-fits-allsolutionSolutionsdoexistformanysituations“non-availability”of technologiesisoftena“wrongproblem”-ornotatechnicalone
Allocatedresources? Regulatorycompliance? Socialacceptance?Environmentalconcerns,pressuregroups,Kyoto, bansonburninginsomecountries
“polluterpays”principle---WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteSafetyboxes-firstlineofdefense
BundledwithvaccinesWorkwellinvaccinationcampaignsandfor someroutineprogrammeneedsReusableplasticsharpsboxescanbeusedforroutineneedsDisposableboxesrequirefrequentre-supplyDisposalrequiresburningorincineration–limitsoptions
WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteNeedleCuttersandDestroyers
ReducerisksbyremovingthesharpbeforedisposalPreventreuseandcommunityexposureReducemostdangerouswastesignificantlyManualneedlecuttersmaystillposehealthrisksfromsplashingExpensiveNeedledestroyersveryexpensiveandrequireelectricity
WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteBurning–Lowtemperature
OpenpitBrickenclosuresandopenbrickincinerators“Drum”incineratorsLowcostsCreatemaximumpollutionIncompletecombustiondoesnotdestroyallsharpsLeastdesirableoption
WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteBurning–Hightemperature
Locallybuiltbrickincineratorse.g.“DeMontford”Smallfactorybuiltpre-fabricatedsteelincineratorOtherindustrialincinerators
WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteBurning–Hightemperature
Appropriateformediumtolargefacilities –betterforlessdenselypopulatedareasReduceharmfulemissionsbyhightemperatureincinerationCompletecombustionofallsharpsModeratelyexpensivetobuildUS$1500–5000MayrequirefueltooperateRequirestrainingtooperateandmaintainRequireswastesegregation–heavymetals
WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteBurning–Hightemperature
DeMontfordLocallybuiltbrickIncineratorUS$1500InstalledWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteBurning–Hightemperature
FactorybuiltPrefabricatedIncineratorUS$5000InstalledWHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteSteamSterilizerse.g.“Hydroclave”AppropriateformediumtolargefacilitiesEssentiallynoemissionsGoodfordenselypopulatedareasCompletedestructionofallsharpsExpensiveRequirestrainingtooperateandmaintainRequireswastesegregation–heavymetals
WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironment(PHE)TechnicalOptionsforManagingWasteWasteBurialPitSuitableforsmallclinicsEasytobuild,operateandmaintainRequiresspaceon-sitePropersegregationofsharpscanincreaselifeMaynotbesuitableforareaswithhighwatertables
WHOHealthCareWasteManagementProtectionoftheHumanEnvironm
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