Unit+1+Nature+in+the+balance+Reading+課件【知識(shí)精講+備課精研】高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版（2020）必修第三冊(cè)

Unit1NatureinthebalanceReadingPara.1:IntroductiontotheAmazonrainforestPara.2:BasicinformationabouttherainforestPara.3:_____________________________________Para.4:______________________________________Para.5:______________________________________CompletepartA1onpage4withthemainideaofeachparagraph.AnalysingthestructureWatchavideoabouttheAmazonrainforestCompletepartA1onpage4withthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1:IntroductiontotheAmazonrainforestPara.2:BasicinformationabouttherainforestPara.3:_____________________________________Para.4:______________________________________Para.5:______________________________________Plantbiodiversity;levelsoftherainforest

（plants）Animalbiodiversity;foodchain（birdsandanimals）Therainforest’svaluetothehumanrace;threatstotherainforestStructurePassageStructureIntroductionBasicinformationPlantbiodiversityDifferentlevelsAnimalbiodiversityFoodchainValueThreatReadpara.1carefullyandtrytofindthethemeofthescript.Whilereadingplaya...rolein在...方面起著的作用作為世界上最大的雨林，它在維持地球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的微妙平衡上扮演著舉足輕重的角色。Ahugeseaof:alotof,plentyof（大量的，許多）Bealivewith:befullofthingsthatarealive(充滿，到處都是）Introduction(Para.1)Whatspringstoyourmindwhen

youreadthissentence？Welcometothejungle,ahugeseaofgreenalivewith

thesoundsofanimals.01歡迎來(lái)到叢林，這是一篇綠色的海洋，處處能聽(tīng)到動(dòng)物的聲音。Basicinformation2Theauthorwritesaboutthe______,the______,the______andthe______oftheAmazonrainforest.locationsizenamebiodiversity

Thepriceincludesbothhouseandfurniture.Ihateanimals,____________

dogs.Ihateanimals,dogs_____________.TheAmazonrainforestcrossesintoeightcountries,includingBrazilandPeru,andoneoverseasregionofFrance,allontheSouthAmericancontinent.亞馬孫雨林穿過(guò)包括巴西、秘魯在內(nèi)的八個(gè)國(guó)家，以及一塊法國(guó)的海外領(lǐng)地，都位于南美洲大陸。Withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometers,theAmazonrainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.(page2,lines4–7)亞馬孫雨林的面積約為600萬(wàn)平方千米，比中國(guó)國(guó)土面積的一半還要大。vt.crossinto穿過(guò)，進(jìn)入

includingincludedlocationsize

1.Prep.+(which/whom)Thewoman___________

youspokeisateacher.Thecity____________helivesisfaraway.

(2)TheAmazonRiver,fromwhichtherainforestgetsitsname,iscloseto6,400kilometresin

length—roughly100kilometreslongerthan

theYangtzeRiver.(page2,lines7–9)亞馬孫雨林得名于亞馬孫河，亞馬孫河長(zhǎng)約6,400千米，比長(zhǎng)江還長(zhǎng)大約100千米。towhominwhichname2.becloseto（時(shí)間/空

間)接近,幾乎3.inlength在長(zhǎng)度上4.roughlyadv.粗略地，大致地，粗魯?shù)?/p>

那里大約有200個(gè)人。Thereareroughtly200people.aboutPractice:【2020.江蘇卷】Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from_________studentscanchooseforfree.which“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，為先行詞

TheAmazonriver提供補(bǔ)充信息Withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometers,theAmazonrainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.Basicinformation2TheAmazonRiveriscloseto6,400kilometresinlength—roughly100kilometreslongerthantheYangtzeRiver.Whydoestheauthormakesuchcomparisons?Whocanbethetargetaudience(目標(biāo)讀者)ofthedocumentary?ItmaytargetatChinesepeoplebecausetheauthormakescomparisonswithChinatomaketheaudienceunderstand.

(4)TheygivethisareatherichestbiodiversityontheEarth:oneinten

knownspeciesintheworldcanbefoundhere.(L10-11

oneinten/oneoutoften十分之一它賦予這片區(qū)域地球上最豐富的的生物多樣性：全世界十分之一的已知物種，都可以在這里找到。biodiversityReadPara.3Plantbiodiversity;differentlevelswaterlilybrazilnuttree3Thistallandancientbrazilnuttreeproducesnutsthatwecaneat.

限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾nuts，關(guān)系代詞that作eat的賓語(yǔ)。這棵高大、古老的巴西堅(jiān)果樹(shù)結(jié)出我們可以食用的堅(jiān)果thesewaterliliesarebigenoughtoliedownon.這些睡蓮（葉片）大到可以躺在上面beadj./adv.enoughtodo

足夠...去做...3(1)asystemofroots(根系)beneaththeground(5)thetops(樹(shù)冠)ofthetallesttrees(2)themassofleaflitter(落葉層)(3)shorterplantswithlargeleaves(低矮闊葉植物)(4)toweringancienthardwoods(闊葉樹(shù))ReadParagraph3andcompletethemindmapaboutdifferentlevelsoftherainforest.Vertical縱向的Hometodifferentkindsoflivingthings（1）Ofthe390,000plantspeies

knowntous,morethan40,000canbefoundintheAmazon.（L12）過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)在我們熟知的39萬(wàn)種植物中，有四萬(wàn)多種可以在亞馬遜雨林中找到beknownto為...所熟知(1)avarietyof

各種各樣的(2)various adj. 各種各樣的；不同的(3)vary v. 改變；變化varyfrom...to... 由……到……不等；從...到...變化（2）Theforest’sdifferentlevelssupport

an

unbelievable

variety

of

wildlife.（L14-15）n.不同種類(lèi)；變化，多樣性；變種，變體Theydiscussed___________(vary)mattersallovertheworld.Opinionsonthismatter______________________________.對(duì)于這件事，每個(gè)人意見(jiàn)不一。variousvaryfrompersontoperson雨林的不同層次使種類(lèi)多到難以置信的野生動(dòng)物得以生存。介詞短語(yǔ)abovethat放句首，句子用完全倒裝正常語(yǔ)序：Themassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloorisabovethat.“凋落的樹(shù)葉；落葉層”翻譯：往上是陰暗森林地表厚實(shí)的落葉層介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)（3）Atthebottom,thereisasystemofrootsbeneaththeground.（L15）

在底部,有一個(gè)地表下的根系。Bythewindowsatayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.

窗戶(hù)邊坐著一個(gè)年輕人，手里拿著一本雜志。（4）Abovethatisthemassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloor.（L16）

(1)amassof 大量/一團(tuán)，一塊(2)massive adj. 非常大的；巨大的Abovethatisthemassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloor.n.大量；團(tuán)，塊，堆；一大群；群眾；大眾

adj.大批的，廣泛的There_______(be)massesofdarkcloudsintheskytoday.Ithinkthat’sgoingtobea_________(mass)thing，atleasthereinNewYork.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ)aremassive（6）Thentherearethetowering

ancient

hardwoods,andfinallythetopsofthetallesttreesmanymetresabovetheground.（L17-18）此處省略了“thereare”翻譯：然后是高聳的，古老的闊葉樹(shù)，最后是那些離地?cái)?shù)米之高的大樹(shù)的樹(shù)冠。（5）Thenextlevelismadeupof

shorterplantswithlargeleaves.（L17）bemadeupof

由組成再往上一層由較矮的闊葉植物組成?！顓^(qū)別：living/alive/lively/liveliving“活著的”,作前置定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)（theliving表“活著的人”）；alive“活著的”,作表語(yǔ)、后置定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)lively“充滿活力的”,生動(dòng)有趣的”，活潑的指人或物，作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。livev.

居?。贿^(guò)……的生活/adj.

活的，不指人，一般只作定語(yǔ)。/adj.&adv.現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演（7）Eachleveloftheforestformsitsownlittleworld,hometodifferentkindsoflivingthings.

（L19-20）

每一層森林都形成了自己的小世界，是各種生物的家園。livingadj.活著的，活的；在使用的n.生計(jì)，謀生；生活方式behometo...是的家園Thelittlekittywascaught_________.The________aremoreimportanttosocietythanthedead.Lastnightthereweremillionsofpeoplewatchingtheopeningceremony_________onTV.Youngstudentsareusually___________.livelivelyalivelivingJaguarsAtleast87species,includingfrogsLeavesandfruitMicroorganismsfeedon

breakdownfeedon

feedon

nutrientPara.4Animalbiodiversity&foodchainCompletethefollowingchartaboutthefoodchainintherainforest.InsectsCircular循環(huán)的givinganexample4differentplantlevelscomplicatefoodchainsofferplacestolive(habitat)providefoodandnutrientstherichestbiodiversityThereasonwhyAmazonrainforesthastherichestbiodiversityintheworld.Horizontal橫向的Vertical縱向的Circular循環(huán)的Howisitmadeclear?

1.Morethan1,300speicesofbirdsandover400speciesofmammalshideamongthejungle'splantlife.Thisjaguarisoneexample.Ithasayellowish-browncoatwithblackspots.(L21)1,300多種鳥(niǎo)和400多種哺乳動(dòng)物藏身于這片叢林的植被中。美洲豹就是個(gè)例子。它黃棕色的皮毛上遍布著黑點(diǎn)。

2.Whileasignificantnumberof

jaguars

survivehere,thereareonlyoneelementofthisforest’sfoodchain.(L23-24)盡管大量的的美洲豹生存在這里，但它們僅僅是雨林食物鏈上的一部分。2.asignificantnumberof...

大量的

thenumberof...

的數(shù)量1.while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，“盡管”4.foodchain

食物鏈WhileIwasangrywithher,Ididn'tlosemytemper.Whiletheclasswererunning,agirlfainted.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersarestarving.Theywalkedoninsilenceforawhile.

盡管當(dāng)……時(shí)然而一會(huì)兒3.survive生存；存活；繼續(xù)存在survival n.生存；幸存survivor n.生還者，幸存者3.Theyfeedon

atleast87species,including

frogs.Thesefrogs,

inturn,feedoninsects

whicheatleavesandfruit.(L24-26)

它們捕食的物種至少有87種，其中包括青蛙。相應(yīng)地，這些青蛙以吃樹(shù)葉和水果的昆蟲(chóng)為食。1.feedon...

以為食2.inturn

相應(yīng)地

inone’sturn輪到某人；接著taketurnstodosth

輪流做某事Itisone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做這周該輪到我們開(kāi)車(chē)送孩子們上學(xué)了。It'sourturntodrivethekidstoschoolthisweek.

讓我們輪流擦黑板吧。Let'scleantheblackboardinturn.4.Whenajaguardies,atinyarmyofmicroorganismshelps

breakdown

itsbodyandreturnthe

nutrients

totheearth.(L26-29)當(dāng)一只美洲豹死后，一小群微生物會(huì)幫助分解尸體，讓營(yíng)養(yǎng)素重回土壤中。1.antinyarmyof一小群2.breakdown分解Theircarbrokedown.他們的車(chē)子出故障了。Paola'smarriagebrokedown.Paola的婚姻破裂了Hebrokedownandcriedwhenheheardthenews.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息,他崩潰了，失聲痛哭.

(機(jī)器或車(chē)輛)出故障(關(guān)系或系統(tǒng))失敗，破裂崩潰☆breakdown使分解(為)，崩潰;出故障；(談判等)失敗拓展：breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入

breakin

插嘴，打斷；破門(mén)而入breakout

(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)

breakup

分手；（關(guān)系）破裂

breakthrough

沖破；取得突破lungsoftheplanetPara.5Importance&Danger1.Whatisthefunctionoftherainforesttous?fixcarbonproduceoxygenatreasurehouseofspeciesusingmetaphors

TheAmazonrainforestbreatheslifeintotheplanetbyfixingcarbonandproducingover20percentofalltheEarth’soxygen.Thus,itisoftenknownasthe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”.Moreover,theAmazonrainforestisatreasurehouseofspecies(thatcanbeusedforfoodandmedicine).Yetthereisonemajordangertotheseirreplaceableplantsandanimals:us.theimportanceoftherainforest:thedangeroftherainforest:2.Whatisthemajorthreattotherainforest?MindmapBasicinformationlocationandsizeName:gettingitsnamefrom(1)________________richest(2)____________AmazonrainforestAnimalsmorethan1,300speciesofbirdsandover400speciesof(5)__________elementsofthisforest’s(6)___________Plantsmorethan40,000(3)______________different(4)_____

oftheforestSignificancefixcarbonandproducing(7)________havingspeciesusedfor(8)__________________

Dangerthemajordanger:(9)_________________disappearingduetohumanactivitiessuchas(10)____________andcattlefarmingtheAmazonriverbiodiversityplantspecieslevelsmammalsfoodchainoxygenfoodormedicineus/humanbeingsagricultureStep4

Readingforspecificinformation86million6,40040,0001,30040020%17%Whyaresomanynumbersareusedhere?1.toprovidespecificandaccurateinformation2.tomakepeoplerealizetheimportanceoftherainforestinadirectwayofferingfacts1.TheAmazonrainforestbreatheslifeintotheplanetbyfixingcarbonandproducingover20percentofalltheEarth'soxygen.

Thus,itisoftenknownasthe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”.(L30-31)亞馬孫雨林通過(guò)固定碳,并產(chǎn)生超過(guò)全球總量20%的氧氣,

給地球注入活力。因此，它經(jīng)常被稱(chēng)為“地球之肺”。breathelifeinto

給…帶來(lái)起色,注入活力e.g.我們需要一些新人來(lái)為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目注入活力。Weneedsomenewpeopletobreathelifeintothisproject.thusadv.因此，從而；這樣同義詞：therefore，hence2.Overthepast50years,about17percentoftherainforesthasdisappearedduetohumanactivitiessuchasagriculture

andcattlefarming.(L32-31)在過(guò)去的50年里,由于農(nóng)耕和養(yǎng)牛等人類(lèi)活動(dòng),約17%的雨林已經(jīng)消失了。

由于天氣不好,

航班被推遲了。

e.g.Theflightwasputoff

duetobadweather.☆dueto由于，因?yàn)?asaresultof=onaccountof=becauseof=thanksto(多指好的方面)3.Asthe

impactofhumanactivitiescontinuestogrowandthelistofspeciesindangerofextinctionbecomeslonger,weareleftwithaquestion:canweaffordto

damagethe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”?(L36-38)隨著人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的影響不斷增加，

瀕危物種的名單越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)，

這就留給我們一個(gè)問(wèn)題：我們能承擔(dān)得起損害“地球之肺”的后果嗎？2.indangerofextinction

處在滅絕的危險(xiǎn)中3.affordtodosth負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事impactn.作用，影響v.有影響；沖擊haveanimpacton對(duì)...有影響damagev./n.損害,損壞,損傷do/causedamageto對(duì)……造成傷害e.g.這種疾病會(huì)對(duì)大腦造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p傷。Thediseasecancauseseriousdamage

tothebrain.1.WhatmakestheAmazonrainforestanaturaltreasureaccordingtothescript?Postreading2.Whatisthepurposeofthisdocmentary?ToemphasistheimportanceoftheAmazonrainforestandcallforourjointeffortstoprotectit.3.Whatskillsdoesthisdocmentaryusetomakeitclear?facts,metaphors,examples&comparisons.forplants

anaturaltreasureforhumanbeingsforanimalsWhatmakestheAmazonrainforestanaturaltreasureaccordingtothescript?PostreadingIt'suniquelevelsandfoodchainmakeithavetherichestbiodiversity.Itproducesover20%oftheplanet’soxygen.Itswonderfulplantandanimalspecieshaveenabledhumanstofindfoodandmedicine.Discussion

Canweaffordtodamagethelungsoftheplanet?Why?Canweaffordtodamagethelungsoftheplanet?Why?PostreadingIthelpsmaintainthebalanceofecosystem.Itprovidesoursocietywithfoodandmedicine.Toprotecttherainforestistoprotectourselves.Itaffectsclimatechange.Withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometres,theAmazonrainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.TheAmazonRiver,fromwhichtherainforestgetsitsname,iscloseto6,400kilometresinlength—roughly100kilometreslongerthantheYangtzeRiver.Findthecomparisonsinthedocumentaryscript.

倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式：

倍數(shù)+theheight/weight/length/size

of

倍數(shù)+as+adj/adv(long/high/large)+as

倍數(shù)+adj/adv的比較級(jí)

than…A+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

++B地球是月球的49倍。Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.Theearthis49timesaslargeasthemoon.Theearthis48timeslargerthanthemoon.Post-readingFreetalkHowcanwecontributetotheconservationofrainforestsandforests?ThegovernmentThepeoplethestudentstheadultsTheindustry

Firstofall,thegovermentandpeopleshouldcombinethedefiresdationofrainforestswiththeplantingofmoretrees,whichcanguaranteentherainforestisn’tdecreasing.Second,relevantcountriesshouldadjusttheeconomicstructuresothattheygdoftheover-dependenceontherainforestforeconomicdevelopment.Third,commonpeopleshouldstrengthenenvironmentalawareness,sothatwecanrealizetheseriousconseuencesofrainforestdestructionandthesignificanceofrainforestprotection