必修三Unit3語法賓語從句與表語從句23241

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1必修三Unit3語法賓語從句與表語從句23241RelatedConception(相關(guān)概念)1.名詞:表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。2.名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分?名詞在句中主要作主語、表語、賓語和同位語。1.Henryisabusinessman.主語表語2.Henry,abusinessman,receivedamillionpoundbanknote.主語同位語賓語第1頁/共60頁Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.

{主語表語

{主語從句表語從句什么是名詞性從句?(NounClauses)第2頁/共60頁

{Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.賓語同位語

{賓語從句同位語從句第3頁/共60頁在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由_______充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同位語，現(xiàn)在由____________來充當(dāng),這個(gè)句子就叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句主語從句(TheSubjectClause)賓語從句(TheObjectClause)

表語從句(ThePredicativeClause)同位語從句(TheAppositiveClause)什么是名詞性從句?(NounClauses)一個(gè)句子名詞第4頁/共60頁名詞性從句(1)賓語從句第5頁/共60頁一、賓語從句——共性問題1，2Theyknow

thatthehabitwillkillthem.Heasked

howmuchIpaidfortheviolin.I’lltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.Idon’tcarewhomarrieshim.觀察：

1.賓語從句可充當(dāng)誰的賓語？2.連接詞的分類和作用？第6頁/共60頁賓語從句（TheObjectClause）賓語從句在復(fù)合句中起______作用，可以作

的賓語，也可以作

的賓語。賓語從句必須用_____語序。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞有that，if，whether；連接代詞有who,whom,which,whose等；連接副詞有when，where，how，why等。賓語陳述動(dòng)詞介詞第7頁/共60頁連接詞第8頁/共60頁

一that賓語從句1.Oliverbelieves

(that)

amancouldsurviveamonthinLondon.2I’mafraid(that)Idon’tquitefollowyou,sir.3.Idon’tthink(that)it’sveryfunny.4.Myunclesaid（that）

hewouldcome andthathewouldalsobringhisson.5.Weallagree(that)itwouldbeconvenienttogotherebybus.1.歸納總結(jié)：that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)無詞義，也不 充當(dāng)任何成分，且通?？梢允÷浴５绻袃蓚€(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列賓語 從句時(shí)，通常只有第一個(gè)從句的that 可以省略，其余從句的that一般不能省略。第9頁/共60頁

由連接代詞who/whom,whose,what,which引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：①Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.②Heaskedwhosepurseitwas.③Doyouknowwho/whomHenryisspeakingto?Q:這些連接代詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分?主語定語賓語第10頁/共60頁

由連接副詞when,where,how,why等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：①PleasetellmewhenJodyWilliamswontheNobelPeacePrize.②HewantedtoknowwhereIhadspentmyholiday.③WillyoutellmehowIcankeepfitandhealthy?④Doyouknowwhyhewaslate?

Q:這些連接代詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分?狀語歸納總結(jié)：連接代詞及連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，連接詞都在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分。第11頁/共60頁

當(dāng)whether后緊跟ornot時(shí),不用if.e.g.:Idon’tknowwhetherIwillstayornot.

介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if.

e.g.:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.

whethertodo

做動(dòng)詞賓語不能用iftodo.e.g.:

Ihaven’tdecidedwhethertogothere.whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句,但是以下情況不用if。賓語從句——(whether&if)意為“是否”第12頁/共60頁特殊：Theteacherhadmadeitclearthatwhoeverbreakstherulewouldbepunished.老師已經(jīng)說得很清楚，任何違反規(guī)定的人都要被懲罰。find/feel/consider/make/think+it+adj.+that賓從形式賓語賓補(bǔ)真正賓語第13頁/共60頁時(shí)態(tài)第14頁/共60頁a.他相信他的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

Hebelieves_______________________________.b.請(qǐng)告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么。

Pleasetellme_____________________________________.hisdreamwillcometruesomeday

1.如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句謂語可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài)。whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday一、賓語從句——(時(shí)態(tài))第15頁/共60頁他告訴我他正在為考試做準(zhǔn)備。

Hetoldme_________________________________.老師告訴我們光是沿直線運(yùn)行的。

Theteachertoldus_________________________.hewaspreparingfortheexaminationlighttravelsinastraightline2.如果主句謂語是過去時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞一般用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài),但從句表達(dá)的是客觀真理、自然規(guī)律等時(shí),從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。第16頁/共60頁賓語從句的語序第17頁/共60頁賓語從句的語序是陳述語序，即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其它成分”。

①Do

exercises.Ididn’tknow

.①你們當(dāng)時(shí)在聊什么？②這本書是誰的？③她明天是否要來？④她住哪里？第18頁/共60頁Idon'tknowwhat'sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?②Exploration但是①從句為What’sthematter？What’swrong？What’shappening？②who,what作主語時(shí)，③從句是感嘆句，從句的語序不變.第19頁/共60頁1.Theshockingnewsmademerealize _____terribleproblems

wewould face. (北京2011)A.whatB.howC.thatD.whyWhat+n.+主+謂n.a/an+adj.+nadj.+Uadj.+pl.（復(fù)數(shù)）第20頁/共60頁

否定的轉(zhuǎn)移:動(dòng)詞think,consider,suppose猜想,believe,expect,

guess,imagine等詞，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義,一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上,從句謂語用肯定式。第21頁/共60頁Idon’tsupposehecares,

?Hedoesn’tthinkwewillcome,

?doeshedoeshe此時(shí)，否定只看主句，與從句無關(guān)

第22頁/共60頁1.她堅(jiān)持要把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。2他命令關(guān)閉所有的大門。3.我建議他應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)。

4.老師要求我們和睦相處。Sheinsistedthatshe(should)organizethetripproperly.Hecommandedthatallthegates(should)beshut.Isuggestedthathe(should)studyharder.Theteacherrequeststhat

.we(should)getalongwellwitheachother.第23頁/共60頁3.總結(jié)歸納：在一些表示堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求等意義的動(dòng)詞后，that賓語從句中謂語常用（should+）動(dòng)詞原形，表示虛擬。1.堅(jiān)持：insist2.命令：order,command3.建議：suggest,propose,advise4.要求：desire,demand,require,request老師要求所有作業(yè)要在放學(xué)前交上去。Theteacherdesiredthatalltheexercisesshouldbehandedinbeforeschoolwasover.第24頁/共60頁SheaskedTom_____wasthematterwithhiscar.2.Willyoutellme_____Icankeephealthy?3.Thisdependson_________themoneywehaveisenough.4.Couldyoutellme________Marrylives?whatwherewhetherhow牛刀小試：第25頁/共60頁2.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet______we aregoingtoplaceournewfurniture. (2010課標(biāo)全國卷)A.thatB.which C.whatD.where3.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof ______mykidswillneedforthecoming season. (山東2010)A.whyB.whatC.howD.which第26頁/共60頁4.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburst intotears.Nooneintheofficeknew ______shewassoangry.(湖南2010)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why第27頁/共60頁5.Howmuchoneenjoyshimself travellingdependslargelyon ______hegoeswith,whetherhis friendsorrelatives.(四川2010)A.whatB.who C.how D.why第28頁/共60頁表語從句第29頁/共60頁思考：表語從句充當(dāng)什么成分？放在什么詞后面？引導(dǎo)詞有哪些？基本上與賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞相同。連系動(dòng)詞seem,look之后還可用1)Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.2)That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.3)Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.4)That’swhyIwaslate.4)ThetroubleisthatIlosthisaddress.二、表語從句asthough(asif)。第30頁/共60頁連接詞when/where/why/how/becausethat/whether/asif/asthough(if不引導(dǎo)表語從句)連接代詞who/whom/whose/which/what連接副詞第31頁/共60頁※由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。關(guān)系副詞when,where,how,why除在句子起

作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)

，

，

或

狀語，本身具有詞義。連接時(shí)間地點(diǎn)方式原因例如：★Goandgetyourcoat.It's

youleftit.where去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。第32頁/共60頁Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That’swhyIgotwetthrough.我們既沒傘也沒雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。第33頁/共60頁---Yousee,I’mpoorinmaths,youarenotgoodatEnglish,and…---That’s

weshouldhelpeachother.A.whenB.whereC.howD.what第34頁/共60頁表語從句注意點(diǎn)

1).表語從句一律用陳述句的語序.語序:That’swhyIwaslate.2).引導(dǎo)詞that無實(shí)際意義,但不能省略.e.g.:ThetroubleisthatIhavelostheraddress.3).表語從句只能用whether,而不能用if引導(dǎo).e.g.:Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.

第35頁/共60頁表語從句注意點(diǎn)4).當(dāng)主語是reason時(shí),表語從句用that,不用because.要用Thereason…isthat…Thereasonforsth…isthat…Thereason(why+句子)…isthat…

或This/it/that/isbecause…等句型.e.g.Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill.第36頁/共60頁例如:今天早上他遲到的原因是因?yàn)槁飞闲腥颂?1)Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisbecausethattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.2)Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisthattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.3)Hewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecausetherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.√√第37頁/共60頁虛擬語氣在：在賓語從句中

——謂語建議：suggest,advice,propose,要求：demand,request,require,ask命令：order,command堅(jiān)持：insiste.g.:Isuggestthatyou(should)bethereontime.

第38頁/共60頁虛擬語氣在在表語從句中——主語

建議：suggestion/advice

要求：requirement/demand

命令：order,command…e.g.:Our

suggestion

isthatyou

(should)be

thereontime.第39頁/共60頁試區(qū)分以下句子Isthismuseumwhatyouvisited?Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisited?Isthismuseumtheonethatyouvisited?(表從)(定從)(定從)第40頁/共60頁回顧與練習(xí)第41頁/共60頁

b.表語從句

d.介詞后的賓語從句

e.whethertodo做動(dòng)詞賓語

f.與ornot連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)一.if和whether的選用賓語與表語從句中不能使用if的情況:第42頁/共60頁

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

4.Thequestionis________heshoulddoit.

5.Ihaven’tdecided_______togothere.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherExercise1if/whether第43頁/共60頁Hesaidthetextwasveryimportantandweshouldlearnitbyheart.2.Myworryisthathecangetthereontime.3.Thereasonwhyhefailedwasbecausehehadn’tstudiedhard.4.Whatweneedaretime.5.Herearetwobooks.Youcantakewhateveryouwant.isthatwhetherthatwhicheverExercises改錯(cuò)第44頁/共60頁用賓語從句或表語從句翻譯下列句子。

1.老師說月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。

Theteachersaid(that)themoongoesaroundtheearth.2.他們都在擔(dān)心是否能按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。

Theyareallworryingaboutwhether

theycangetthereontime.第45頁/共60頁3.我覺得他們按時(shí)完成自己的任務(wù)是很重要的。

Ithinkitisimportantforthemtofinishtheirowntaskontime.4.問題是這本書是否有讀的價(jià)值。

Thequestioniswhether

thebookisworthreading.第46頁/共60頁5.我不知道湯姆今天早上為什么沒來。

Idon’tknowwhy

Tomdidn’tcomethismorning.6.我的意見是你不應(yīng)單獨(dú)前往。

Myopinionisthatyoushouldnotgoalone.第47頁/共60頁7.那是因?yàn)樗麤]有理解我。

That’sbecausehedidn’tunderstandme.=Thereasonisthathedidnotunderstandme.

8.我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā)。

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)

startearlytomorrowmorning.第48頁/共60頁1.Hetoldme__________hewouldgotocollegethenextyear.2.Idon’tknow__________therewillbeabus.3.Ireallydon’tknow___________youshoulddependonifyoudon’tdependonyourparents.用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，使下列賓語從句和表語從句意思完整。that/不填if/whetherwhom/who第49頁/共60頁4.Hedidn’ttellme_______hewouldcomebackfromShanghainexttime.5.Letmeknow_______trainyou’llbearrivingon.6.Canyouworkout______muchwewillspendduringthetrip?7.Makesure_____therearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.whenwhichhowthat第50頁/共60頁8.Wethinkitnecessary_____wetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.9.Tomisverylazy.Thatis____hedidn’tpasstheexam.10.Thisis___________wefoundthestrangetrees.11.Myideais_____weshouldalldoourbesttodoeverythingwell.thatwhywhere/howthat第51頁/共60頁12.Itlooked_____hehadunderstoodthisquestion.13.ThereasonwhyIwassadwas_____hedidn’tunderstandme.14.Hisfirstquestionwas_______Mr.Smithhadarrivedornot.15.Weallfinditimportant____we(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismatter.

thatasifthatwhether第52頁/共60頁Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand____theyinsistongoingonmotor-bike.(04)Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.(04)whywhat關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇第53頁/共60頁that4.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChr