PEC土木工程英語證書考試土力學(xué)詞匯

PEC土木工程英語證書考試-土力學(xué)詞匯Aabsorbedwater吸著水a(chǎn)ccumulationsedimentationmethod累積沉淀法activeearthpressure 主動土壓力Eaactivityindex 活性指數(shù)Aadamicearth,redsoil紅粘土additionalstress(pressure)ofsubsoil地基附加應(yīng)力(壓力)zadversegeologicphenomena 不良地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象aeoliansoils風(fēng)積土aeolotropicsoil各向異性土airdriedsoils風(fēng)干土allowablesubsoilbearingcapacity地基容許承載力[o]allowablesettlement 容許沉降alluvialsoil沖積土破壞面與大主平面的夾角anglebetweenfailureplaneandmajorprincipalplane破壞面與大主平面的夾角angleofinternal,external(wall)friction內(nèi)摩擦角中、外(墻背)摩擦角angulargravel,angularpebble 角礫anisotropicsoil 各向異T生土aquifer含水層aquifuge,impermeablerlayer 不透水層areaoffoundationbase 基礎(chǔ)底面面積Aartesianwaterhead 承壓水頭artificialfills 人工填土artificialfoundation人工地基AtterbergLimits 阿太堡界限attitude產(chǎn)狀averageconsolidationpressure平均固結(jié)壓力7averageheavingratiooffrozensoillayer凍土層的平均凍脹率averagepressure,additionalpressureoffoundationbase基底平均壓力、平均附加壓力 p、PoBbasetiltfactoroffoundation基礎(chǔ)傾余4系數(shù)bc、bq、bybasetiltfactors 基底傾余4系數(shù)bc、bq、b了bearingcapacity承載力bearingcapacityfactors承載力系數(shù)Nc,、Nq,、Ny[California]BearingRatio [CBR]承載比bearingstratum持力層bedrock,originalrock基巖beginninghydraulicgradient起始水力梯度（坡P）ioBiotconsolidationtheory比奧固結(jié)理論Bishop'sslicemethod比肖普條分法boundwater結(jié)合水（束縛水）boulder漂石Boussinesqtheory 布辛奈斯克理論bridge橋梁bridgepier橋墩brokenstone,crushedstone碎石bulkmodulus 體積模量burieddepthoffoundation 基礎(chǔ)埋置深度buoyantdensity浮密度P'buoyantgravitydensity（unitweight）浮重度（容重）’CCaliforniaBearingRatio（CBR）力口州承載比capillaryrise 毛細水上升高度capillarywater毛細（管）水categorizationofgeotechnicalprojects巖土工程分級cementation膠結(jié)作用centralload 中心荷載（軸心荷載）characteristicvalueofsubsoilbearingcapacity地基承載力特征值fakchemicalgrouting化學(xué)灌漿circularfooting 圓形基礎(chǔ)clay粘土claycontent 粘粒含量clayminerals粘土礦物clayeysilt粘質(zhì)粉土clayeysoils,claylysoils粘性土coarseaggregate粗骨料coarse-grainedsoils粗粒土coarsesand粗砂cobble卵石

Codefordesignofbuildingfoundation建筑地基基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計規(guī)范coefficientofactiveearthpressure主動土壓力系數(shù) Kacoefficientofpassiveearthpressure被動土壓力系數(shù) KPcoefficientofcollapsibility濕陷系數(shù)scoefficientofcompressibility 壓縮系數(shù)acoefficientofcurvature 曲率系數(shù)Cccoefficientofearthpressureatrest靜止土壓力系數(shù) Kocoefficientoflateralpressure側(cè)壓力系數(shù)Kocoefficientofpermeability 滲透系數(shù)kcoefficientofsecondaryconsolidation次固結(jié)系數(shù)coefficientofuniformity不均勻系數(shù)coefficientofverticalconsolidation豎向固結(jié)（壓密）系數(shù)cv.coefficientofvertical,horizontalpermeability豎向、水平向滲透系數(shù)khcoefficientofvertical,horizontal,tangentialadditionalstressbeneathauniformstripload 均布條形荷載下豎向、水平向、切向附加應(yīng)力系數(shù) sz、sx、sxzcoefficientofverticaladditional,averageadditionalstressbeneathauniformroundloadatcentrepoint均布圓形荷載中點下豎向、平均附加應(yīng)力系數(shù) r、口rcoefficientofverticaladditional,averageadditionalstressbeneathatriangulardistributedrectangleloadatcornerpoint 三角形分布矩形荷載角點下豎向、附力口、平均附加應(yīng)力系數(shù)t1、t2、3、"t2coefficientofverticaladditional,averageadditionalstressofbeneathauniformarectangleloadatcornerpoint 均布矩形荷載角點下豎向、 附加、平均附加應(yīng)力系數(shù) c、ccoefficientofverticaladditionalstressbeneathaconcentrationload 集中應(yīng)力系數(shù) a.coefficientofviscosity 粘滯系數(shù)coefficientofvolumecompression體積壓縮系數(shù)mVcoefficientofweathering風(fēng)化系數(shù)cohesionlesssoils無粘性土cohesivesoils 粘性土collapsibility濕陷性compactibility 壓實性compactionbyrolling碾壓法compactiontest擊實試驗

compactionfactor 壓實系數(shù) ccompactness密實度compositeground 復(fù)合地基compressibility壓縮性compressionindex 壓縮指數(shù)Cccompression（constrainedmodulus）壓縮（側(cè)限）模量Escompressionzone 受力層，壓縮層compression-curves壓縮曲線（e-p和e-logp曲線）compressivestrength抗壓強度concentratedload集中力P[static]conepenetrationtest[CPT]靜力觸探試驗confinedwaterhead承壓水頭confiningpressure [周]圍壓[力]consistency稠度consistencylimit 稠度界限consolidatedquick（direct）sheartest固結(jié)快剪（直剪）試驗consolidatedquickshearcohesion 、angleofinternalfriction 固結(jié)快剪粘聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角ccq、^cqconsolidatedundrainedtriaxialcompressiontest[CU-test] 固結(jié)不排水三軸壓縮試驗consolidated-undrainedcohesion 、angleofinternalfriction 固結(jié)不排水粘聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角ccu、^fcuconsolidationapparatus固結(jié)儀、壓縮儀、滲壓儀consolidationcurve固結(jié)（d-*t和d-logt曲線）consolidationsettlement 固結(jié)沉降scconsolidationtest（containcompressiontest） 固結(jié)（壓密）試驗（含有壓縮試驗）constraineddiameterofsoilpartical限制粒徑 d60constrainedmodulus側(cè)限模量Escontactstress（pressure） 接觸應(yīng)力（壓力）contaminatedsoil污染土corner-pointmethod角點法Coulomb'stheoryofearthpressure庫倫士壓力理論creep蠕變criticaledge、critical,ultimateloadofsubsoilbearingcapacity 地基承載力的臨塑荷載pcr、臨界荷載p1/3p1/4、極限荷載pucriticalheightofslope（土坡）臨界高度

criticalhydraulicgradient 臨界水力梯度icrcriticalvoidraio 臨界孔隙比crushedstone,brokenstone 碎石culvert涵洞cushion墊層cyclictriaxialtest 周期三軸試驗Ddampingratio阻尼比Darcy'slaw達西定律Debrisflow泥石流deepfoundation深基礎(chǔ)deepmixingmethod 深層攪拌法degreeofcompaction壓實度cdegreeofconsolidation 固結(jié)度Udegreeofsaturation飽和度Srdensificationbysandpile擠密砂樁density密度depthfactoroffoundation基礎(chǔ)深度系數(shù)dc、dq、d?differentialsettlement 沉降差dike,levee堤dilatancy剪脹性diluvialfan洪積扇diluvialsoils洪積土directsheartest 直［接］剪［切］試驗dispersiveclay 分散性粘土disturbedsamples擾動土樣doublelayer雙電層drainagecohesion,angleofinternalfriction排水［剪］粘聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角cd、的drainedshearstrength 排水抗剪強度召［consolidated］drainedtriaxial［compression］test［CD-test］［固結(jié)］排水三軸［壓縮］試驗drift-sand流砂［現(xiàn)象］drydensity干密度ddrygravitydensity(unitweight)干重度(容重)ddynamicelasticmodulus 動彈性模量Eddynamicload動荷載dynamicpenetrationtest 動力觸探試驗dynamictriaxialtest 動三軸試驗dynamicshearmodulus 動剪切模量Gddynamicstrain,stress動應(yīng)變d、動應(yīng)力dEEarthdam土壩Earthmaterial±料earthpressureatrest 靜止土壓力Eoearthquakeengineering 地震工程學(xué)earth—rockdam土石壩earthwork土石方工程eccentricload偏心荷載eccentricityoffoundationbaseloading(resultofforces) 基礎(chǔ)底面荷載合力偏心距 eeffectiveangleofinternalfriction有效內(nèi)摩擦角’effectivecohesion 有效粘聚力c'effectivegrainsize 有效粒徑d10effectivestress有效應(yīng)力'effectivestresspath[ESP]有效應(yīng)力路徑elasticmodulus,Young'smodulus 彈性模量electro-osmosis電滲embankments路堤engineeringgeologiccolumnarprofile工程地質(zhì)柱狀圖engineeringgeologicexploration工程地質(zhì)勘察engineeringgeologicdrilling 工程地質(zhì)鉆探engineeringgeologicevaluation 工程地質(zhì)評價engineeringgeologicmap 工程地質(zhì)圖engineeringgeologic mapping 工程地質(zhì)測繪engineeringgeologic profile工程地質(zhì)剖面圖engineeringgeology 工程地質(zhì)學(xué)environmentalgeotechnics 環(huán)境巖土工程學(xué)equipotentiallines等勢線excavation開挖excesshydrostaticpressure 超靜水壓力excessporewaterpressure (stress)超孔隙水壓力(應(yīng)力)expansibilityandcontractility 脹縮性expansion,swellingindex 回彈指數(shù)Ce沉降計算經(jīng)驗系數(shù)expansivesoil膨脹土沉降計算經(jīng)驗系數(shù)experiencefactorofsettlementcalculationFfactorofsafety 安全系數(shù)failurestrength 破壞強度failuresurface 破壞面fault斷層fieldidentification ±的現(xiàn)場鑒別fieldobservation現(xiàn)場觀測fill填土filmwater,filmmoisture薄膜水filter反濾層沉降觀測推算的最終沉降量s二二finalsettlement 沉降觀測推算的最終沉降量s二二finalsettlementbysettlementobservationcalculatingfinesand細砂fine-grainedsoils,fines 細粒土fissuredsoils 裂隙粘土fissuredwater裂隙水flocculentstructure絮凝結(jié)構(gòu)flowline流線flownet流網(wǎng)fold褶皺flowingsand 流砂[現(xiàn)象]fluvialsoils沖積土footing,foundation基礎(chǔ)foundationsettlement 地基(基礎(chǔ))沉降fraction粒組freeswellingratio自由膨脹率effreewater自由水freewaterelevation,surface地下水位freezingmethod凍結(jié)法frictioncoefficientoffoundationbase基底摩擦系數(shù) rfriction—resistanceratio摩阻比frostboiling翻漿frozenheavingproperties 凍脹性frozensoils凍土GGap—gradedsoil 不連續(xù)級配土General-shearfailure 整體剪切破壞generalizedprocedureofslices[GPS]普通條分法[vertical]geostatic(selfweight) stress(pressure)[豎向]自重應(yīng)力(壓力) oc、%geosynthetics ±工合成材料geotechnicalengineering 巖土工程geotechnicalinvestigation 巖土工程勘察geotextiles 土工織物glacialsoils冰積土gradingcurve 級配曲線grainsize粒徑

grainsizeaccumulationcurve粒徑累計（積）曲線granularity粒度gravel圓礫gravellysand 礫砂gravellysoils 礫類土gravitationalacceleration 重力力口速度ggravitationalwater重力水gravitydensity重[力密]度?gravityretainingwall重力式擋土墻groundtiltfactor 地面傾余4系數(shù)gc、gq、g-groundtreatment 地基處理groundwater 地下水、潛水watergroundwaterlevel[GWL],groundwaterelevation,surface,[ground]table[GWT]地下水位groundwaterdynamics 地下水動力學(xué)watergrouting灌漿Hhalf-space（semi-infinitebody）半空間（半無限體）Hansen'sformulaofultimatebearingcapacity漢森極限承載力公式hardnessdegreeofrock 巖石堅硬程度head[ofwater] 水頭Hheavydynamicpenetrationtest[HDPT]重型動力觸探試驗heightofretainingwall 擋土墻高度Hheigthoftensilearea拉力區(qū)高度h0highliquidlimitclay,mo[CH],[MH]高液限粘土、粉土highway公路honeycombstructure蜂窩結(jié)構(gòu)hydraulicgradient 水力梯度Ihydraulichead 水頭Hhydrometermethod 比重計法hydrostaticpressure 靜水壓力Iillite伊利石immediatesettlement 瞬時沉降sdimpermeablelager,imperviousstratum不透水層inclinedload 傾斜荷載influencecoefficientsofsettlement沉降影響系數(shù)、o、c、m、rinitialcollapsepressure濕陷起始壓力initialtangentmodulus 初始切線模量Eiinorganicmineralsubstance 無機礦物質(zhì)in-situtest 原位測試in-situbearingtest現(xiàn)場承載力試驗intermediamliquidlimitclay[CI]中液限粘土internalfrictionangle內(nèi)摩擦角internalscour潛蝕isotropicsoil 各向同性土JJanbu'smethodofslices楊布條分法jetgroutingmethod高壓噴射注漿法joint節(jié)理Kkaolinite高嶺石karstlandfeature 喀斯特地貌Ko—consolidationKo固結(jié)aminarflow層流andslide滑坡andsubsidence 地面下沉ateralgeostaticstressaterite紅土ayer-wisesummationmethodengthoffoundationbaseimitequilibriumconditionimitofplasticityinearshrinkageratioineload線荷載iquefaction液化側(cè)向自重應(yīng)力 ocx, ocy分層總和法基礎(chǔ)底面長度l極限平衡條件塑卜MwP線縮率iquefactionresistance 抗液化強度iquidlimit[LL]液限wLiquidityindex[LI] 液性指數(shù)ILoadingtest 載荷試驗ocalshearfailure 局部剪切破壞oess黃土ogarithmicspiral對數(shù)螺旋線owliquidlimitclay,mo[CL],[ML]低液限粘土、粉土MMagmaticrock(igneousrock) 巖漿巖(火成巖)major,intermediate,minorprinciplestress 大、中、小主應(yīng)力5、/、仃3marinesoils海積土masscircleslidingmethod 整體圓弧滑動法maximum,minimumvoidratio最大、最小孔隙比 emax、eminmaximum、minimumpressureoffoundationbase基底最大、最小壓力 pmax、pminmaximum,minimumdrydensity最大、最小干密度pdmax、dminmaximumdrydensity 最大干密度塑性區(qū)最大發(fā)展深度zmaxmaximumexpandeddepthofplasticityregionmediangraindiameter 中值粒徑塑性區(qū)最大發(fā)展深度zmaxmediumsand中砂meniscus彎液面metamorphicrock變質(zhì)巖methodofslice條分法minglesoils混合土miscellaneousf川 雜填土mo,silts,siltysoils 粉土（粉性土、粉質(zhì)土）modulusofdeformation,elasticity變形模量Eo彈性模量EmodulusofrecompressionmodulusofrecompressionmodulusofresilienceMohr-Coulomblawmoisture-densitytestmoisture,watercontent

再壓縮模量回彈模量摩爾庫侖定律擊實試驗含水量（率）wmontmorillonitemuck,mucksoils蒙脫石montmorillonitemuck,mucksoils蒙脫石淤泥、淤泥質(zhì)土覆蓋土翻漿冒泥mulchingsoilsmudpumpingNnaturalangleofrepose自然（天然）休止角nomalstress法向應(yīng)力x、y、znon-cohesivesoils無粘性土non-uniformsettlement 不均勻沉降normallyconsolidation歸一化normallyconsolidatedsoils[N.C.soils]正常固結(jié)土Ooptimummoisturecontent 最優(yōu)含水率organicsoil 有機質(zhì)土Oedometermodulus 側(cè)向壓縮模量Eoed、Esoedometer 固結(jié)儀、壓縮儀、滲透儀one-dimensionalconsolidation 單向固結(jié)（壓密）optimummoisture,（water）content最優(yōu)含水量（率）woporganicsoil 有機質(zhì)土，有機土

organicsubstance,organicmatter巨粒土有機質(zhì)originalrock基巖overcoarse-grainedsoils巨粒土有機質(zhì)overburdensoils覆蓋土overconsolidatedsoils[O.C,soils]超固結(jié)（過壓密）土overconsolidationratio[OCR]抗剪強度參數(shù)超固結(jié)（過壓密）比抗剪強度參數(shù)parametersofshearstrengthparticalsize粒徑particalsizeanalysispassiveearthpressurepathofpercolationpeat泥炭pebble圓礫

顆粒分析試驗被動土壓力Ep滲［透途］徑Hpenetrationresistacepercentofsoilparticles

貫入阻力土粒百分含量piperchedwater上層滯水perenniallyfrozensoil多年凍土透水層透水層permeablelayer,perviousstratumpermeabilitypermeabilitytestphreaticlinephreaticwater

滲透性滲透試驗浸潤線潛水、地下水physicalpropertiesofrockpiezoconetest[CPTU]巖石的物理性質(zhì)piezometricheadpiezometerheadpiping管涌孔壓靜力觸探試驗測壓管水頭測壓管水頭hplanestraintestplasticfailureplasticflow平面應(yīng)變試驗塑性破壞塑流plasticlimit[PL]plasticstrainplasticzoneplasticitychartplasticityindex[PI]plateloadingtestpointloading塑卜MwP塑性應(yīng)變塑性區(qū)塑性圖| 塑性指數(shù)Ip平板載荷試驗點荷載試驗Poisson'sratio泊松比心poorly-gradedsoils不良級配土poreairpressure 孑L隙氣壓力porewaterpressure（stress）孔隙水壓力（應(yīng)力）porepressure（stress）parameters孔隙壓力（應(yīng)力）系數(shù)A、Bporepressureratio 孔隙壓力比porewater孔隙水porosity 孔隙率npreconsolidationpressure先（前）期固結(jié)壓力pcpreloadingmethod預(yù)壓法pressurebulb壓力泡pressuremetertest［PMT］ 旁（橫）壓試驗primaryconsolidation主固結(jié)primarymineral 原生礦物principalstress主應(yīng)力1、 2、 3principleofeffectivestrress 有效應(yīng)力原理proctor［compaction］test普羅克特［擊實］試驗proportionallimitload比例界限荷載pprpumpingtest 抽水試驗punching-shearfailure沖［切］剪［切］破壞Qqualityofsoil,soilparticles（solids）,water 土、土粒、水的質(zhì)量m、ms、mwQuaternarydeposit 第四紀沉積層quicksand流砂［現(xiàn)象］quickshearcohesion,angleofinternalfriction快剪粘聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角cq、的quick［shear］test 快剪試驗RRadiusofinfluence影響半徑Rankine'stheoryofearthpressure朗肯土壓力理論rateofsettlement 沉降速率ratiooflengthtowidth 長寬比mreboundmodulus 回彈摸量recompressioncurve 再壓縮曲線rectangularfooting矩形基礎(chǔ)redclay,adamicearth 紅粘土regionalsoils 特殊［性］土，區(qū)域性土relativedensity［RD］ 相對密（實）度Drresidualdeformation 殘余變形residualsoils 殘積土residualstrength 殘余強度rubble,rubble-stone塊石runningsand 流砂［現(xiàn)象］

rupturesurface破壞面rupturesurface破壞面Ssalinesoil鹽積土sanddrain排水砂井sandparticlecontent 砂粒含量sandboiling砂沸（涌）現(xiàn)象、噴水冒砂sandysilt砂質(zhì)粉土sandysoils,sands砂土（砂類土、砂性土、砂質(zhì)土）saturateddensity 飽和密度psatsaturatedgravitydensity 飽和重度：'satscaleeffect 尺度效應(yīng)screwplateloadingtest[SPLT]螺旋板載荷試驗seasonallyfrozensoil 季節(jié)凍土secondarycompression（consolidation）index次壓縮（固結(jié)）指數(shù)C：.secondarycompression（consolidation）settlement,creepsettlement次壓縮（固結(jié)）沉降Sssecondarymineral 次生礦物secondaryredclay 次生紅粘土seepageflow] 滲流（漏）seepagedeformation滲透變形seepagefailure滲透破壞seepagedischarge滲流量Qseepageforce 滲流力（動水力） GDseepageline浸潤線（滲流線）seepagevelocity滲流速度vseepagepath滲徑[verticale]selfweight（geostatic）stress（pressure）[ 豎向]自重應(yīng)力（壓力） （ycz、熊semiinfiniteelastic 半無限彈性體sensitivity靈敏度Stsettlementcalculationdepth 沉降計算深度znshallowfoundation淺基礎(chǔ)shapefactoroffoundation基礎(chǔ)形》大系數(shù)sc、sq、s?shearfailure剪切破壞shearmodulus剪切模量Gshearresistance 剪阻力或抗剪力shearstrain剪應(yīng)變shearstrength 抗剪強度 fshearstrengthenvelope 抗剪強度包線shearstress剪應(yīng)力

sheetpilewall板樁墻shrinkagelimit［SL］縮限wssieveanalysistest篩分試驗siltyclay 粉質(zhì)粘土siltysand粉砂siltysoils,silts,mo粉土（粉性土、粉質(zhì)土）single-grainedstructure 單粒結(jié)構(gòu)sizefraction 粒組slipsurface 滑動面slopestability 土坡穩(wěn)定性slopewash,slopematerials 坡積土slowshearcohesion,angleofinternalfriction慢剪粘聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角cs、Rslow（direct）sheartest 慢剪試驗softclay軟粘土softfoundation軟弱地基soil土soilclassification 土的分類soilcohesion,angleofinternalfriction土的粘聚力c、內(nèi)摩擦角soildynamics ±動力學(xué)soilfabric 土的組構(gòu)soilflow流土soilmechanics土力學(xué)soilnailing土車丁soilsampler 取土器soilskeleton 土骨架soilstructureandtexture ±的結(jié)構(gòu)和構(gòu)造soilsupportinglayer,substrate地基持力層、下臥層soil,foundationandsuperstructureinteraction 地基、基礎(chǔ)與上部結(jié)構(gòu)相互作用soilsandFoundations 地基及基礎(chǔ)soilsimprovement地基處理specialsoils特殊（性）土specificgravityofsoilparticles土粒比重Gsspecificpenetrationresistance比貫入阻力psspecificsurface比表面（積）splittest 劈裂試驗（巴西試驗）SPTblowcount標(biāo)［準］貫［入試馬^錘］擊數(shù)Nsquarefooting 方形基礎(chǔ)stabilityoffoundationsoil地基穩(wěn)定性stabilityagainstsliding 抗滑穩(wěn)定性

stabilitynumber穩(wěn)定數(shù)Nsstabilitynumbermethod 穩(wěn)定數(shù)法standardpenetrationtest[SPT]標(biāo)準貫入試驗staticpenetrationtest[CPT] 靜力觸探試驗staticfailurestrength 靜力破壞強度 fstipfoundation 條形基礎(chǔ)Stokes'law司篤克斯定律Stones,stoneysoils碎石[類]土stress、strain應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變stresshistory,path,level應(yīng)力歷史、路徑、水平stressconcentration 應(yīng)力集中strengthenvelope強度包線strengthofactiveearthpressure主動土壓力強度castrengthofpassiveearthpressure主動土壓力強度cpstrengthofearthpressureatrest靜止土壓力強度C0stripload 條形荷載subgrade 路基、地基subgradereaction地基反力superimposedpressureoffoundationbase基底平均附加壓力 p0superimposedstress（pressure）ofsubsoil地基附加應(yīng)力（壓力）zsurcharge[load]超載surfacetension 表面張力surfacewater地表水surfacewavevelocitymethod 表面波法Swedishcirclemethod瑞典圓弧法swellingforce 膨脹力swelling,expansionindex回彈（膨脹）指數(shù)Ceswellingratio 膨脹率syncline向斜T[ground]table地下水Terzaghi'stheoryofonedimensionalconsolidation太沙基一維固結(jié)理論Terzaghi