中考語法練習三代詞

中考語法練習三：代詞：I.代詞可以分為以下七大類：1人稱代詞主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they賓格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them2物主代詞形容詞性my,your,his,her,its,our,their名詞性mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs3反身代詞myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves4指示代詞this,that,these,those,such,some5疑問代詞who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever6關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose,as7不定代詞one/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/afew/alittle,other/another,all/both,neither/eitherII.不定代詞用法注意點：1.one,some與any:1)one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，復數(shù)為ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑問句和否定句。Oneshouldlearntothinkofothers.Haveyouanybookmarks?No,Idon’thaveanybookmarks.Ihavesomequestionstoask.2)some可用于疑問句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答復，或者表示建議，請求等。Wouldyoulikesomebananas?Couldyougivemesomemoney?3)some和any修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時，some表示某個，any表示任何一個。Ihavereadthisarticleinsomemagazine.Pleasecorrectthemistakes,ifany.4)some和數(shù)詞連用表示“大約”，any可與比較級連用表示程度。Therearesome3,000studentsinthisschool.Doyoufeelanybettertoday?2.each和every:each強調(diào)個別，代表的數(shù)可以是兩個或兩個以上，而every強調(diào)整體，所指的數(shù)必須是三個或三個以上。Eachstudenthasapocketdictionary./Each(ofus)hasadictionary./Weeachhaveadictionary.Everystudenthasstrongandweakpoints./Everyoneofushasstrongandweakpoints.3.none和no：no等于notany，作定語。none作主語或賓語，代替不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)，代替可數(shù)名詞，謂語單復數(shù)皆可以。Thereisnowaterinthebottle.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?None.Noneofthestudentsare(is)afraidofdifficulties.4.other和another:1)other泛指“另外的，別的”常與其他詞連用，如：theotherday,everyotherweek,someotherreason,nootherway,theother特指兩者中的另外一個，復數(shù)為theothers。如：Heheldabookinonehandandhisnotesintheother.Twostudentsinourclassfailed,butalltheotherspassedtheexam.2)another指“又一個，另一個”無所指，復數(shù)形式是others，泛指“別的人或事”如：Idon’tlikethisshirt,pleaseshowmeanother(one).Thetrousersaretoolong,pleasegivemeanotherpair/someothers.Somelikefootball,whileotherslikebasketball.5.all和both,neither和eitherall表示不可數(shù)名詞時，其謂語動詞用單數(shù)。both和all加否定詞表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.AllofthebooksarenotwritteninEnglish./NotallofthebooksarewritteninEnglish.Bothofusarenotteachers./Notbothofusareteachers./Eitherofusisateacher.練習題：1.Thereareseveralprettygirlsstandingunderthetree,but______areknowntome.a.neitherb.nonec.nooned.all2.Inoneyearratseat40to50times______weight.a.itsb.andc.theird.theirs3.You’dbettercontinuetousethesamespellingofyournameas______youusedinyourapplication.a.oneb.theonec.anyd.someone4.Thelittlebabywasleftalone,with______tolookafterit.a.someoneb.anyonec.notoned.noone5.Johncanplaychessbetterthan______else.a.theoneb.noonec.anyoned.another6.Theweightofsomethingisanotherwayofdescribingtheamountofforceexertedon______bygravity.a.itb.themc.thatd.one7.Itisonethingtoenjoylisteningtogoodmusic,butitisquite______toperformskillfullyyourself.a.otherb.anotherc.somed.any8.Childrenshouldbetaughthowtogetalongwith______.a.anotherb.otherc.othersd.anyother9.Thepoormanlivedonwildberriesandrootsbecausetheyhad______toeat.a.nothingelseb.anythingelsec.somethingotherd.nothingother10.Igotothecinema______day,Tuesdays,Thursdays,andSaturdays.a.eachotherb.everyotherc.thisandtheotherd.allother11.Oneofthepropertiesoflightis______travelinginwaveformasitgoesfromoneplacetoanother.a.itb.it’sc.itsd.their12.______intheworldhasbeenaskedtodohisdutyforthehumansociety.a.Eachofthetrampsb.Everyofthetrampsc.Theeachtrampd.Theeverytramp13.Insomerestaurants,foodandserviceareworsethan______usedtobe.a.theyb.itc.themd.that14.Lettheportertakeallthebaggageoutandput______inthelobby.a.itb.theyc.themd.its15.Everyonewhocomestothepartyisgivenawoodenapplewith_____ownnamescutinitasasouvenir.a.hisb.herc.theird.our16.Everybodyintheclassmustgivein______exercisebookwithinthegiventime.a.theirb.ourc.hisd.her17.Duringthejourney,theboysandgirlsentertained______withsongsandgames.a.themselvesb.theirselvesc.himselfd.itself18.You’dbetterbuy______somefruitswhenyougoonatrip.a.youselfb.myselfc.yourselfd.you19.Theboysinthistownliketobully______.a.oneanotherb.oneandotherc.eachotherd.oneandtheother20.OnecommonfamilynameisBlack,______isAnderson.a.anotherb.theotherc.othersd.noneother21.Ihavetwonovels:oneofthetwois“GonewiththeWind’,and______is“theTaleofTwoCities’.a.anotherb.otherc.noneotherd.theother22.Allgirlswearbeautifulclothes.Somearedressedinred;______ingreen.a.otherb.anotherc.othersd.noneother23.Shecan’tseemtohelpherself.And______canhelpher,either.a.noneelseb.nooneelsec.notanyd.somebodyelse24.Childrencanusuallydress______bytheageoffive.a.himb.themc.hiselfd.themselves25.Thegoldwatchhadbelongedtomeforyears,butthepolicerefusedtobelieveitwas______.a.meb.myc.mined.I’s26.MotherwouldnotletMaryand______attendthehockeygame.a.Ib.myc.med.we27.Inanewsconferencethisafternoon,theuniversityannouncedthat______intendstomakeseveralimportantchangesinnextyear’sbudget.a.heb.itc.shed.they28.______butafoolcanmakesuchamistake.a.Everyoneb.Nootherc.Notalld.None29.ThepoembyBrowningissoobservedthatIcannotgrasp______meaning.a.itsb.it’sc.theird.that30.Themayorfeltthatthepolice,inspiteofthereports,haddone______best.a.itsb.theirc.hisd.our31.Ihaven’tread______ofthelastfourchapters,soIknowlittleaboutthem.a.anythingb.anyc.somed.something32.Aprettyfacemaywinfriendsbutittakescharacterandpersonalitytohold______.a.itb.themc.thatd.one33.Inthediscussion,onespeakerheldthat,sinceweliveinamoney-orientedsociety,theaverageindividualcareslittleaboutsolving______.a.anyoneelse’sproblemsb.anyone’blemsofanyoneelse34.Idon’tknowwhethersmallorangesaresweeterthanbig______.a.thoseb.onesc.oned.that35.‘Howmuchwaterisleftinthebottle?’‘______’a.Nothingb.Nonec.Notsomed.Notone36.Ittooktwoofthemtodotheworkthat______ofuscoulddo.a.someoneb.anyonec.anyoned.everyone37.Hehasfivechildren,and______ofthemisgoodatpainting.a.everyoneb.everybodyd.everyoned.every38.Ihavethreebrothers,______areinBeijing.a.nooneofthemb.neitherofthemc.someofthemd.noneofthem39.Someofmystudentsstudyalot,______justdon’tcare.a.anothersb.theotherc.someotherd.others40.Asamatteroffact,SaudiArabia’soilreservesaresecondonlyto______.a.Kuweitb.thatofKuweitc.Kuweits’sd.thoseofKuweit41.Thisbookof_______usedtobeoneofthebestsellersintheshop.a.hisb.himc.thatmand.this42.Weshouldalwayskeep______well-informedofthechanginginformation.a.usb.oursc.ourselvesd.we43.Theclimatehereisoftensaidtobesimilarto______.a.Japanb.oneofJapanc.thatofJapand.inJapan44.Huntedbyconstantfearofarrest,thethief______tothepoliceatlast.a.a.gaveitupb.gaveuphimselfc.gavehimupd.gavehimselfup45.______oftheboysintheclasswhohavepassedthetestistoreceivecertificates.a.Everyb.Everyonec.Anyd.Anyone46.Doyoubelievethatshehasblamedusfortheaccident,especially______?a.youandmeb.youandIc.Iandyoud.meandyou47.Ofthosewhograduatedwith______,Ellenistheonlyonewhohasfoundagoodjob.a.Bettyandheb.heandBettyc.Bettyandhimd.HimandBetty48.Heissurprisedby______havingtopayfortheaccident.a.youb.yoursc.yourd.your’s49.Thisisalefthandgloveandthatis______.a.otherb.theotheronec.otheroned.another50.Addthoseexamplesto______youhavealreadynoted.a.oneb.theonec.oned.theones51.Haveyougotaticket?Yes,I’vegot______.a.itb.theonec.oned.theones52.There’sthedoorbell;Ihope______Tom.a.itsb.it’sc.isd.he’s53.It’scheapertobuyoldfurniturethantohavenew______made.a.oneb.onesc.furnitured.furnitures54.Thoseofuswhoareoverfiftyyearsoldshouldget______bloodpressurecheckedregularly.a.theirb.their’sc.ourd.ours55.Everymanandwomaneighteenyearsofageorolderiseligibletovoteforthecandidateof______.a.hischoiceb.theirchoicec.thechoiceofhimd.thechoiceoftheirs56.Ibitemynails.Imustbreak______.a.thehabitofmeb.thehabitwithmyselfc.myselfofthehabitd.ofthehabitmyself57.______ofthemsharedmyopinions,sowehave______incommontodiscuss.a.Nobody/alittleb.Few/littlec.Afew/littled.None/many58.Whenscience,businessandartlearnsomethingof______methodsandgoals,theworldwillhavecomeclosertoculturalharmony.a.oneandtheother’sb.eachandtheother’sc.oneanother’sd.theone’sandtheother’s59.Theboyis______ofamusician.a.anyoneb.anythingc.someoned.something60.For______interestedinnature,thecluboffershikesandovernightcampingeachweekduringthesummer.a.themb.whomc.themselvesd.those61.Theuseofradaraswellasthetwo-wayradio______forthepolicetointerceptmostspeeders.a.makeitpossibleb.makesitpossiblec.makespossibled.makeitapossibility62.Thefamilyneveragreeabout______sharesoftheproperty.a.herb.itsc.theird.his63.Theflockofgeesewasflyingthroughtheskyinperfectformationfollowing______leader.a.itsb.theirc.hisd.her64.WhenJonathanwenttoSpainwithhissister,heboughtaleathercoatforherandanotherfor______.a.himb.himselfc.hed.his65.Thoseofuswhowearglassesshouldhave______eyesexaminedatregularintervals.a.theirb.ourc.hisd.her66.FrankadmiredhisfriendsTomandDavid.Heimitated______.a.theirseveryactionb.everyactionoftheirsc.everyoftheiractiond.everyactionoftheirone67.Mydeskis______.a.betweenhisb.betweenhisonec.besidehisoned.besidehis68.“MayIspeaktoIris?”“Thisis______speaking.”a.sheb.hers’sc.hersd.her69.Maryisthelandlady______.a.fromwhowerenttheflatb.fromwhomwerenttheflatb.whomwerenttheflatd.whowerenttheflat70.Givethemessageto______isatthetable.a.whomeverb.whoseverc.whateverd.whoever71.Itwasthroughexperimentation______peoplefoundouthebehaviorofelectricity.a.thatb.whichc./d.the72.______NatTurnerwholedarevoltagainstslaveryinVirginiain1831.a.Wherewasb.Itwasc.Hewasd.itwashim73.Itwasn’t______telephonedme.a.hewhomb.himwhomc.hewhod.hiswho74.Itwas______heboughtthemagazine.a.fromasecond-handstorewhereb.asecond-handstoreinwhichb.inasecond-handstorethatd.inasecond-handstorewhere75.Itwas______lateintheeveningthatthestudentsreturnedtothedormitories.a.tillb.beforec.whend.notuntil76.Itwas______thathedidnotgotoMountLaowithus.a.becausehewasillb.ashewasillb.sincehewasilld.thoughhewasill77.Itwas______thathejoinedtheeveningparty.a.findingComradeLib.foundComradeLic.tofindComradeLid.findComradeLi78.Wasit______sheagreedtohelp?a.veryreluctantlysothatb.veryreluctantlythatb.soreluctantlythatd.veryreluctantlywhen79.______shegavethepostcardsto?a.Whomitwasthatb.Whoitwasthatc.Whowasitthatd.Itwaswhothat80.______thecamelcangoforthreedayswithoutfoodordrink?a.Thatitiswhyb.Thatisitwhyc.Whyitisthatd.Whyisitthat代詞練習答案1B19A37C55A73C2C20A38D56C74C3B21D39D57B75D4D22C40D58C76A5C23B41A59D77C6A24D42C60D78B7B25C43C61B79C8C26C44D62C80D9A27B45B63A8110B28D46A64B8211C29A47C65B8312A30B48C66B8413A31B49B67D8514C32B50D68A8615A33A51B69B8716A34B52B70D8817A35B53C71A8918C36C54C72B90代詞代詞是代替名詞的詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞，其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、自身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關(guān)系代詞和不定代詞八種。一、人稱代詞是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我們"、"你們"、"他們"的詞。人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化，見下表：數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)格主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemshehertheythemitittheythem例如：Heismyfriend.他是我的朋友。It'sme.是我。二、物主代詞是表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種，其人物和數(shù)的變化見下表。數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱形容詞性物主代詞myyourhis/her/itsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshis/hers/itsoursyourstheirs例如：Ilikehiscar.我喜歡他的小汽車。Ourschoolishere，andtheirsisthere.我們的學校在這兒，他們的在那兒。三、指示代詞表示"那個"、"這個"、"這些"、"那些"等指示概念的代詞。指示代詞有this，that，these，those等。例如：Thatisagoodidea.那是個好主意。四、表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我們自己"、"你們自己"和"他們自己"等的代詞，叫做自身代詞，也稱為"反身代詞"。例如：Shewastalkingtoherself.她自言自語。五、表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫相互代詞，有eachother和oneanother兩組，但在運用中，這兩組詞沒什么大的區(qū)別。例如：Theyloveeachother.他們彼此相愛。六、不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。常見的不定代詞有a11，both，each，every等，以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代詞，如anybody，something，noone。這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞，在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語，但none和由some，any，no等構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞只能作主語、賓語或表語；every和no只能作定語。例如：---Doyouhaveacar?--你有一輛小汽車嗎？---Yes，Ihaveone.--是的，我有一輛。---Idon'tknowanyofthem.他們，我一個也不認識。七、疑問代詞有who，whom，whose，what和which等。在句子中用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。疑問代詞都可用作連接代詞，引導名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句）例如：Tellmewhoheis.告訴我他是誰。八、關(guān)系代詞有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等，可用作引導從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。它們在定語從句中可作主語、表語、賓語、定語等；另一方面它們又代表主句中為定語從句所修飾的那個名詞或代詞（先行詞）。例如：Heisthemanwhomyouhavebeenlookingfor.他就是你要找的那個人。1.人稱代詞的用法1）人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語或主語補語。例如：Johnwaitedawhilebuteventuallyhewenthome.約翰等了一會兒，最后他回家了。JohnhopedthepassengerwouldbeMaryandindeeditwasshe.約翰希望那位乘客是瑪麗，還真是她。說明：在復合句中，如果主句和從句主語相同，代詞主語要用在從句中，名詞主語用在主句中。例如：Whenhearrived,Johnwentstraighttothebank.約翰一到就直接去銀行了。2）人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語或介詞賓語，但在口語中也能作主語補語，第一人稱在省略句中，還可以作主語。例如：Isawherwiththem,atleast,Ithoughtitwasher.我看到她和他們在一起，至少我認為是她。（her做賓語，them做介詞賓語，her做主語補語）a.--Whobrokethevase?--誰打碎了花瓶？b.--Me.--我。（me做主語補語=It'sme.）說明：在上面兩例句中，her和me分別作主語補語?，F(xiàn)代英語中多用賓格，在正式文體中這里應為she和I。2.人稱代詞之主、賓格的替換1）賓格代替主格a.在簡短對話中，當人稱代詞單獨使用或在not后，多用賓語。----IlikeEnglish.--我喜歡英語。----Metoo.--我也喜歡。----Havemorewine?--再來點酒喝嗎?----Notme.--我可不要了。b.在表示比較的非正式的文體中，常用賓格代替主格。但如果比較狀語的謂語保留，則主語只能用主格。HeistallerthanI/me.HeistallerthanIam.2）主格代替賓格a.在介詞but，except后，有時可用主格代替賓格。b.在電話用語中常用主格。----IwishtospeaktoMary.--我想和瑪麗通話。----Thisisshe.--我就是瑪麗。注意：在動詞be或tobe后的人稱代詞視其前面的名詞或代詞而定。Ithoughtitwasshe.我以為是她。（主格----主格）Ithoughtittobeher.（賓格----賓格）Iwastakentobeshe.我被當成了她。（主格----主格）Theytookmetobeher.他們把我當成了她。