上海高考英語知識點整理

..abstractadj/n.抽象的；摘要區(qū)分concreten/adj.混凝土；具體實在的burstv.爆裂,突然發(fā)出burstintotears=burstoutcrying放聲大哭burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing放聲大笑區(qū)分breakv/n.打破,違反；暫停,破裂→n.暫停intervaln.間隔,中間休息區(qū)分externaladj.外面的,外部的breakout爆發(fā)breakdown出故障=gowrongbreakin強行闖入breakintosp.強行闖入某地breakthrough突破breakup打破breakawayfrom從...脫離,逃離,斷絕關系breakintotears/laughter突然大哭/大笑announcevt.宣布,通告同根announcementn.宣布區(qū)分pronouncevt.宣稱同根pronunciationn.發(fā)音goodadj.好的begoodat擅長[e.g.Menaregenerallynotgoodatbargainingwithshopkeeperswhenshopping.男士一般不擅長在購物時討價還價。]dogoodto=begoodfor對...有好處domoregoodthanharm利大于弊domoreharmthangood弊大于利同根forgood永遠同根goodnessn.善,美德同根goodsn.商品,貨物harmvt/n.傷害,損害,危害harmful/harmlessadj.doharmto=beharmfulto類似hurtvi/vt.痛類似injurevt.傷害,損害〔事故受傷類似woundn/vt.傷口；受傷〔戰(zhàn)爭受傷區(qū)分harmonyn.和睦,融洽,友好,和諧destroyvt.破壞,拆毀,消滅destructionn.破壞,毀壞destructiveadj.破壞性的,毀滅性的類似ruinvt.破壞同根ruinsn.廢墟區(qū)分remains遺跡類似damagevt/n.破壞同根damagesn.賠償金dodamageto對造成破壞類似siten.場所,地點,選址ancientsite歷史遺跡remainvi.留下,保持不變,剩余remainsn.遺跡remainingadj.剩下的constructv.建造,構造=putup=setup同根constructiveadj.建設性的同根constructionn.建設區(qū)分instructvt.講授,指示同根instructionn.教學,指示,說明同根instructiveadj.有教育意義的postn/vt.柱,郵政,職位；張貼,郵寄同根postaladj.郵政的同根postcoden.明信片；postcardn.郵政編碼同根postmann.郵遞員；postmastern.郵政局長同根postgraduaten.研究生；bachelor學士區(qū)分positionn.位置1.portionn.一部分同根postagen.郵費類似storevt/n.儲存；商店--storagen.儲藏類似covervt/n.遮蓋；封面,蓋子--coverage覆蓋面積coverallthecost涵蓋所有成本類似orphann/adj.孤兒；孤兒的--orphanagen.孤兒院類似marryvt/vi.結婚--marriagen.結婚區(qū)分carriagen.車輛,馬車postern.海報類似cookn.廚子；烹調--cookern.廚具sometimeadv.某個時候區(qū)分sometimesadv.有時=fromtimetotime區(qū)分sometime在某個時候區(qū)分sometimes幾次timen.時間allthetime/way一直,總是atnotime絕不innotime立刻馬上bythetime到...為止〔完成時atthesametime與此同時aheadoftime=inadvance提前intime及時ontime準時atatime一次一個takeone’stime慢慢來atonetime=once=onceuponatime曾經forthetimebeing=atpresent現(xiàn)在Theroomis3timesasbigasmine=Theroomistwicebiggerthanmine=Theroomisthreetimesthesizeofyours同根timetablen.時刻表同根timesn.時代behindthetimes落后時代keepupwiththetimes追上時代同根pastimen.娛樂,消遣wantvt.想要wantedadj.招聘,被通緝的wanttoknow=wonder類似wonderv/n.想知道,驚嘆；奇跡,疑惑wonderfuladj.令人驚嘆的類似miraclen.奇跡同根marvelousadj.令人驚奇的,奇特的區(qū)分wandervi.徘徊,閑逛promisev/n.承諾promisesbsthpromisetodosth類似用法promise,agree,hope,suggest,demandmakeapromise作出承諾keep/breakone’spromise遵照承諾/食言promisingadj.有前途的,有希望的mobileadj/n.活動的,移動的；汽車mobilephone=cellphone手機區(qū)分moden.方式,形式,風尚區(qū)分modeln.模型區(qū)分modernadj.現(xiàn)代化的同根modernizev.使現(xiàn)代化區(qū)分modestadj.謙虛的區(qū)分moderateadj.適度的,中等的moderationn.適度inmoderation適度類似mediumadj/n.中間的,適度的；媒介物,傳媒media區(qū)分radiumn.鐳區(qū)分stadiumn.體育場materialn.材料rare-material原材料區(qū)分medaln.獎牌,紀念章區(qū)分metaln.金屬區(qū)分mentionvt/n.精神的,智力的,內心的asismentionedabove正如上文所提到的同根mentaladj.精神的,智力的physical物質的,生理的ordern/vt.整齊,秩序；命令,整理命令：ordersbtodosth訂購：placeanorderforsth=ordersth秩序：inorder整齊的；outoforder混亂的ingood/badorder井然有序；秩序混亂put...inorder整理為了：inorderto=soastodowithaviewtodoinginorderthat句子outoforder混亂區(qū)分orderlyadj.整齊的,有秩序的區(qū)分disordern.雜亂,混亂同根disorderlyadj.雜亂的,混亂的formn/vt/vi.形成,表格；構成,組成formaladj.正式的informvt.通知,告知informaladj.非正式的類似casualadj.偶然的,隨便的,非正式的→非正式的inform→暫時的acausalinterest暫時的興趣→臨時的casuallyadv.區(qū)分reformv/n.改革區(qū)分transformvt.改造,改革區(qū)分translatev.翻譯,轉變區(qū)分transplantvt.移植區(qū)分transportvt.運輸,輸送區(qū)分transportationn.交通工具,客運,貨運區(qū)分transferv.搬,轉動,轉換interruptvt.打斷,打擾區(qū)分interpret口譯,翻譯→translatetranslateAintoB同根interpretern.解釋,說明,翻譯同根interpretationn.解釋,口譯lievi/n.躺,位于〔lay,lainliein在于vt.說謊〔liedlied>區(qū)分layvt.放下,產卵,鋪設〔laidlaidlaydown制定laythetable鋪桌子laydown放下laymuchemphasison重點強調layasolid/foundation打下堅實基礎同根layern.層presentn禮物=gift類似giftn.禮物,天賦haveagiftfor有天賦giftedadj.有天賦的vt.贈送,授予,呈現(xiàn)同根presentationn.贈送,呈現(xiàn),授課presentsbwithsth=presentsthforsb提供某人某物adj.現(xiàn)在同根presentlyadv.不久,不一會,現(xiàn)在=soonatpresent=forthetimebeing=currently目前現(xiàn)在thepresentgovernment現(xiàn)政府adj.出席的,到場的同根presencen.在場,出席thepeoplepresent在場的人representvt.代表同根representativen.代表exposevt.暴露,揭露beexposedto+doing接觸,暴露,感染exposuren.暴露expositionn.博覽會〔EXPOinterviewn/vt.采訪,面試同根interviewern.面試官同根intervieween.被面試者區(qū)分candidaten.參選者,求職者employvt.雇傭,使用同根employeen.雇主同根employern.雇員同根employmentn.雇傭→unemploymentn.失業(yè)unemployedadj.失業(yè)的beemployed/usedto...被用來applyv.申請,應用同根applicantn.申請人同根applicationn.申請表,應用makeanapplicationforsthapplyfor申請applyAtoB→beappliedto應用于[e.g.Shehasappliedtothecompanyforapositionasasecretary.她已經向這家公司申請做秘書。][e.g.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtoapplywhattheyhavelearntinclasstopractice.應該鼓勵學生將課堂知識應用于實踐。]同根appliancen.器具devicen.裝置；instrumentn.儀器,樂器implementn/vt.工具,用具；tooln.工具passv/n.傳遞,經過,通過；通行證passagen.通過,通道,經過,文章的一段類似corridorn.走廊passengern.乘客passer-byn.過路人passon傳遞conveymessagen.信息messengern.送信人區(qū)分massagen.按摩pointv/n.指出；小數(shù)點beonthepointofdoingsth=beabouttodosth正要做某事Thereisnosense/pointindoingsth毫無意義v.→pointat/to指向pointout指出indicatesensen.感覺asenseofhumor幽默感makesense有意義makesenseof弄懂[e.g.Someoneneedatextbooktomakesenseofaforeigntongue]commonsense/knowledge常識insense在某種意義上講have…incommon有共同點vt.意識到類似realizevt.實現(xiàn),認識,體會realadj.真的,真正的reallyadv.確實的realisticadj.現(xiàn)實的,真實的realityn.現(xiàn)實類似awareadj.意識到→beawareofsensibleadj.明智的,合理的→besensibleof類似wiseadj.有智慧的類似advisable同根sensitiveadj.敏感的→besensitivetononsensen.胡說,廢話casen.實例,事例suitcasen.行李箱innocase=atnotime=bynomeans=onnocondition=onnoaccount=under/innocircumstance絕不inanycase=anyway不論如何incase+句子；incaseofdoing/sth以防萬一類似circumstancen.情況,境遇〔常用復數(shù)<situation>類似accountn/vi.敘述,賬戶賬目；解釋,說明accountfor占多大比例[e.g.Sthaccountof11.4%ofB某物占據B的11.4%]accountantn.會計人員類似meanvt/adj.意味著；平庸,卑鄙,中間的meantodosth打算做meandoing意味著bemeantfor/todo旨在[e.g.Themagazineismeantforyounggirlswholikefashion.那本雜志是編給喜歡時尚的女孩看的。]meaningn.意義,意思meansn.方法手段meantimen.間隔時間meanwhileadv.同時dueadj.應得的,到期的,預定的類似becauseconj.因為類似owevt.歸功于owe...to...將某事歸功于...同根owingadj.欠著的,未付的dueto/becauseof/onaccountof/owingto+doing同根ownadj/vt.由于,因為同根ownern.所有者staten/v.國家,狀態(tài)；聲明thestateofmarriage婚姻狀況同根unstatedadj.含蓄的同根statementn.聲明qualifyv.使具有資格的同根qualificationn.資格同根qualifiedadj.有資格的qualifysbfor/todo/asbequalifiedtodo/as/for區(qū)分qualityadj/n.優(yōu)質的；性質,特性,品質,質量,品質beofgoodquality區(qū)分quantityn.量,數(shù)量alargequantityof大量的providevt.供給,提供providesbwithsth=providesthforsb=supplysbwithsth=supplysthtosb=offersbsth類似supplyn/vt.供應,供應物；供給類似offervt.提供,提議,開價類似affordvt.買得起,承擔beableto/affordtodosth[e.g.Inthemountainarea,manychildrenaboutmyagecan’taffordtogotoschool.在山區(qū),很多同我年齡相仿的兒童上不起學。]區(qū)分offendvt.冒犯,得罪同根offencen.冒犯行為,過錯同根offensiveadj.冒犯的區(qū)分defendvt.防御,辯護同根defencen.防御,辯護同根defensiveadj.辯護的同根defendantn.被告區(qū)分defeatvt/n.擊敗ableadj.有能力,能干的同根abilityn.能力區(qū)分capablen.有能力同根capabilityn.能力,性能,潛質becapableofdoingsth有能力做某事[e.g.Asatopstudentintheclass,sheiscapableofworkingoutthesemathsproblems.作為班上的優(yōu)秀學生,她有能力解答這些數(shù)學問題。]區(qū)分capacityn.能力,容量,職責covern/vt.封面；遮蓋,采訪,掩蓋,占地面積區(qū)分discovervt.發(fā)現(xiàn)區(qū)分recoverv.尋回,恢復otheradj.別的,其他的同根otherwiseadv/conj.否則,不然anotheradj/pron.另一個theotherday幾天前→Ididseeittheotherdayanotherday改天→Letusdiscussitanotherdayeveryotherday=everysecondday=everytwodays隔天everyfewdays每隔幾天anothertwoweeks=twoweeksmore=twomoreweeks另外兩周favourn/vt.恩惠,善行；喜愛,支持beinfavourof支持,贊同dosbafavour=helpsb=givesbahand=approveof同根favouriteadj.最愛的同根favourableadj.有利的,贊同的Optimism<樂觀islookingatamorefavourablesideofevents同根unfavourableadj.不利的類似approvevt.贊成同根approvaln.贊成同根disapprovaln.不贊同同根disapprovev.不贊同proposevt.建議proposedoingsthproposethat+〔should虛擬語氣proposaln.建議proposeproposalrefuserefusalapproveapprovaldenydenialburyburialtrytrialsureadj/adv.確信的,可靠的,有把握的；確實besuretodosth=beboundtodosth一定會做某事besureof/aboutsth有把握做某事makesurethat+句子確保assurevt.保證,承擔assuresbofsthassuresbthat+句子向某人保證ensurevt.保證ensuresbsthinsurevt/vi.給保險同根insurancen.保險certainadj.確定的,有把握的becertaintodo必將區(qū)分curtainn.幕區(qū)分containvt.包含,容納=include=seat同根containern.集裝箱,容器類似seatn/vt.座位；就坐；容納[e.g.Thebagcontainedabook.包中有書。][e.g.Thereportcontainsmistakes.文件中存在錯誤。]區(qū)分obtainvt.得到digestvt/n.消化吸收；摘要同根digestionn.消化,吸收同根digestiveadj.消化,吸收的formeradj.前者lateadj/adv.遲的,晚的同根latteradj.較后的,后一半的theformer…thelatter前者后者同根lateradj/adv.較晚的lateron后來同根latestadj.最新的,最近的atlatest最新的同根latelyadv.近來,最近類似recentlyrecentadj.新近的,近來的congratulatevt.祝賀congratulateonsb祝賀某人congratulationn.祝賀類似celebratevt.慶祝celebrationn.祝賀countv.計算,數(shù)counton=dependon=calculateon依賴依靠countup=addup總計區(qū)分countern/v.柜臺；應對區(qū)分encountervt/n.意外的相遇,邂逅=meet=comeacross區(qū)分accountn/vi.敘述,賬戶賬目；解釋,說明accountfor占多大比例[e.g.Sthaccountof11.4%ofB某物占據B的11.4%]同根accountantn.會計人員類似calculaten.計算,估計同根calculatorn.計算器dependvi.依靠,依賴同根dependentadj.依賴的,依靠的focusv/n.集中,聚焦focuson集中于,焦點在于concentratev.集中concentrateon集中注意力在同根concentrationn.專心,集中dependvt.依賴依靠dependence→independencen.獨立dependent→independentadj.獨立的dependon依靠依賴,取決于operatev.工作,運轉,活動,操作operateon給某人動手術同根operationn.操作,經營,營業(yè),手術同根operatorn.操作員,話務員區(qū)分cooperatevi.合作,配合losevt/vi.失去,損失loseone’sway=getlost迷路belostin陷入沉思touchv/n.觸摸,觸及,涉及touchon涉及,論及,述及同根untouchedadj.未碰觸過的區(qū)分toughadj.堅韌的,困難的,強硬的,固執(zhí)的→hard[Thelifeinthecityistough]區(qū)分roughadj.粗糙的,崎嶇的,粗制的→smooth光滑的,平穩(wěn)的同根roughlyadv.概略的,粗糙的roughcondition艱苦的環(huán)境區(qū)分coughv/n.咳嗽區(qū)分cottonn.棉花agreev.同意agreeon在某方面達成協(xié)議agreetodosth同意做某事agreewithsb同意某人的意見agreewithsth與...一致[e.g.Heisalwayspromisingtostudyhard,buthisactionsdon’tagreewithhiswords.他總是承諾要努力學習,卻言行不一。]同根agreeableadj.令人愉快的同根disagreeableadj.不合意的,令人不快的同根agreementn.協(xié)議=contract類似grantvt/n.同意,授予,承認takesthforgranted=takeitforgrantedthat...認為...理所當然[e.g.TheChinesetakeitforgrantedthatsonsanddaughtersshouldsupporttheirparents.中國人認為子女有義務贍養(yǎng)父母。]decidev.決定同根decisionn.決定類似determinevt/vi.決定同根determinationn.決心,堅定,果斷,確定decidetodo=determinetodo=bedeterminedtodo決心做某事=makeupone’smindtodo=makeadecisiondividevt.分開同根divisionn.部門,分開divideinto將分為dividedby除divide...betweenAandB將...分為A和Bseparateadj/vt.分開,劃分,區(qū)分separate...fromexplodev.爆炸,爆發(fā)類似blowup同根explosion爆炸explosive炸藥bomb炸彈bullet子彈gun手槍區(qū)分guyn.家伙,小子includevt.包括區(qū)分concludev.結束,推斷出同根conclusionn.結束,結論,推論inconclusion=inaword總之arriveat/drawcometoaconclusion得出結論區(qū)分excludevt.排斥在外,不包括同根exclusionpersuadevt.說服同根persuasionn.勸說persuadesbtodosth成功的勸說某人做某事generaladj.普遍的,一般的ingeneral=generallyspeaking一般來說generalidea文章大意同根generationn.一代人fromgenerationtogeneration一代代的generationgap代溝區(qū)分generousadj.慷慨的,大方的generosity慷慨curiousadj.好奇的curiosityn.好奇心differvi.不同同根differentadj.不同的,有區(qū)別的同根differencen.AbedifferentfromBA與B不同AdifferfromBinC=AandBbedifferentinCA與B在C方面不同aspectn.方面區(qū)分inspectvt/vi.檢查,檢閱,視察inspector檢查者區(qū)分prospectv/n.勘察；預期,景色,前景區(qū)分respectn/vt.尊敬,重視,方面respectiveadj.各自的,各個的respectableadj.受尊敬的同根respectivelyadv.各自的區(qū)分expectvt.期待,預料expecttodoexpectsbtodosthexpecttoomuchofhim對他期望過高asisexpected正如所預料的expecttoomuchofsb對某人期望過高expectationn.區(qū)分suspectvt/n.推測,察覺,懷疑；嫌疑犯類似doubtvt/n.懷疑doubtfuladj.有疑問的doubtlessadj.無疑=undoubtedcountryn.國家,鄉(xiāng)下fromcountrytocountry國與國之間fromdoortodoor=fromhousetohouse人與人之間fromtimetotime=sometimes=attimes=everynowandthen同根countrysiden.鄉(xiāng)下區(qū)分countyn.郡區(qū)分leaguen.聯(lián)盟,協(xié)會cityn.城市同根citizenn.公民類似townn.城鎮(zhèn)類似urbanadj.城市的區(qū)分ruraladj.農村的區(qū)分valleyn.山谷,溪谷區(qū)分villagen.村莊區(qū)分civiladj.國內的,公民的同根civiliann.平民同根civilizationn.文明同根civilizev.使開化failvi/vt.失敗,不及格,衰退failindoing在某方面失敗failtodo未能成功的做某事同根failuren.失敗,故障powerfailure斷電cropfailure糧食歉收succeedv.成功,繼承succeedindoing=managetodosth同根successn.成功,成就,勝利同根successfuladj.成功的同根successfullyadv.成功地considervt.考慮,認為consider...as=regard...as=lookon...as=view...as=thinkof...as=cont...as將看做區(qū)分considerateadj.考慮周到的beconsiderate/thoughtfulof考慮周到的類似consideredadj.經過深思熟慮的同根considerationn.考慮oconsideration/account考慮=consider區(qū)分considerableadj.重大的,相當多的,相當大的considerableorders大量訂單同根considerablyadv.很大程度上worthprep/n.值得；價值beworthdoing=beworthytobedone=beworthyofbeingdone值得同根worthyadj.值得的,值得敬重的同根worthlessadj.無價值的區(qū)分priceless無價的類似pricen.價格thereducedprice已經下調的價格區(qū)分prizen.獎品同根worthwhileadj.值得的Itisworthwhiletodo/doing類似valuableadj.有價值的,有用的同根valuen/vt.價值；重視facen/v.面孔；面對makeaface做鬼臉sbbefacedwith/bysth=sthfacesb面對[e.g.Afterarainstorm,theyfoundthemselvesfacedwithaseriousflood一場暴風雨過后,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己面臨著嚴重的水災。=Afterarainstorm,theyfoundaseriousfloodfacingthemselvesinfaceof面對同根facialadj.面部的區(qū)分fascinatevt.迷住,吸引befascinatedwith/by被迷住expressn/vt.快車,快遞；表達,表示EMS〔expressmailservice>特快專遞expressmythankstoyou.表達我的謝意同根expressionn.表達,表示,表情,短語類似phrasen.短語admitvt.承認,準許進入admit<to>doingbeadmittedto/into考入[e.g.HehasbeenadmittedintoXXuniversity.考入][e.g.Thedriverwhohadknockeddownanoldmanadmitteddrinkingbeforedriving.那名撞到老人的司機承認自己是酒后駕駛。]同根admissionn.準許進入類似allowvt.允許=permitpermit/allowdoingsthsbtodo[e.g.Heissoindependentthathewon’tallowanyonetoleadhimbyhisnose.他很獨立,所以不會允許任何人牽著他的鼻子走。]同根permission同根permissibleearthn.陸地ontheearth在地球上onearth究竟同根earthquaken.地震onceadv.一次atonce=immediately=innotime=rightaway/now=withdelay立刻allatonce突然onceuponatime曾經=onceonceinawhile偶爾,有時候onceagain/more再一次,又一次contactn/v.聯(lián)系,接觸contactsb與某人聯(lián)系=make/keepin/getcontactwithsbeyecontact眼神交流類似connectvt.連接,聯(lián)系connectAwithB=beconnectedwith類似combinev.結合combineAwithBbecombinedwith結合同根combinationn.結合區(qū)分contractn/v.合同；訂立合同,感染→感染=beinfectedwith→合同=agreementn.合同區(qū)分contraryn.相反onthecontrary相反becontraryto與相反區(qū)分contrastn.對比by/incontrastasharpcontrast鮮明的對比區(qū)分constantadj.連續(xù)不斷的,始終如一的,一成不變的constantactivities連續(xù)不斷的活動pressv/n.壓平；報刊,新聞輿論Pressconference記者招待會同根pressuren.壓力類似stressn.壓力,緊張,強調,重音highbloodpressure高血壓lungcancer肺癌heartdisease/attack/trouble心臟病區(qū)分depressvt.喪氣,壓下,抑郁TheBigDepression29-33年資本主義世界經濟危機depressedadj.感到沮喪的depressing/depressiveadj.令人沮喪的區(qū)分oppressvt.壓迫,壓制區(qū)分impressvt.印象深刻sthdeeplyimpresssb=sbbedeeplyimpressedbysth.某物留給某人深刻的印象[e.g.ThegreatchangesinShanghaiinthepastdecadehavedeeplyimpressedme.=IhavebeendeeplyimpressedbythegreatchangesinShanghaiinthepastdecade.上海過去十年的變化,留給我深刻印象。]impresssbwithsth=impresssthonsb使某人記憶深刻[e.g.Thegirlimpressedtheinterviewerwithherlivelinessandhumor.那個姑娘又活潑又幽默,給面試官留下深刻印象。]同根impressionn.印象conditionn/vt.環(huán)境,狀況air-condition空調同根air-conditionedadj.有空調的beingoodcondition狀態(tài)好onconditionthat以...為條件onnocondition絕不同根conditioner護發(fā)素區(qū)分surroundn/adj.包圍,環(huán)繞同根surrenderv.投降同根surroundingn/adj.周圍的事物；周圍的同根surroundingsn.周邊環(huán)境區(qū)分environmentn.環(huán)境〔自然環(huán)境區(qū)分situationn.情況,處境,場面chargev/n.主管,費用,充電,控告①索價chargefor要價freeofcharge免費chargesbsomemoney收費②主管inthechargeof在...管理之下[Thebabyisinthechargeofmymun]inchargeof主管,負責[Mymumisinchargeofthebaby]takechargeof主管③控告chargesbwithsth=accuse④充電同根chargedadj.帶電的blamevt/n.責怪blamesbforsth=blamesthonsb將某事的責任歸咎給某人[e.g.Youshouldn’tblameherforit,forsheisinnocent.因為她是無辜的,所以你不應該將此事歸咎于她。=Youshouldn’tblameitonher,forsheisinnocent.]betoblamefor該受責備的[e.g.Thechildrenarenottoblameforwhathappenedyesterday.昨天發(fā)生的事情不可以責怪孩子們。]devotevt.奉獻,專用于=dedicate區(qū)分delicateadj.纖細的,雅致的,易碎的bedevotedto=devoteoneselftodoing/n.奉獻于,致力于區(qū)分debatev/n.辯論區(qū)分contributev.貢獻同根contributionn.貢獻makeacontributiontodoing/n.=contributetodoing貢獻于同根contributingn.主導因素區(qū)分distributevt.分發(fā),配送distributeto分散,分擔attributeto歸因于couragen.勇氣,勇敢havethecouragetodosth有勇氣去做某事同根courageousadj.有勇氣的encouragevt.鼓勵,激勵encouragedoingsthsbtodosthfeelhappyandencouraged歡欣鼓舞discouragevt.阻止,阻攔discourage...fromdoing阻止...做某事artn.美術,文科〔s同根artificialadj.人工的,人造的同根articlen.文章textn/vt.短信,發(fā)送短信區(qū)分contextn.上下文,語境,背景,環(huán)境區(qū)分contestn.競賽,比賽區(qū)分testn/vt.實驗,測試,化驗,考驗類似quizn.測試區(qū)分quitv.停止,放棄,離開=giveupdoing=resign=abandon=desert放棄類似examinationn.考試,檢查,檢測同根examinevt.測試學科名詞形容詞artn.美術,文科〔ssciencen.科學scientistn.科學家scientificadj.科學的architecturen.建筑學architectn.建筑師biologyn.生物botanyn.植物學botanistn.植物學家chemistryn.化學chemistn.化學家chemicaladj/n.化學的,化學制品engineeringn.工程學engineern.工程師geologyn.地質學geographyn.地理philosophyn.哲學physicsn.物理physiciann.內科醫(yī)生physicistn.物理學家physicaladj.物理的,身體的,物質的physiologyn.生理學politicsn.政治politiciann.政治家politicaladj.政治的psychologyn.心理psychologicaladj.心理sciencen.科學同根scientistn.科學家同根scientificadj.科學的,細致嚴謹?shù)膕cientificstudy科學研究區(qū)分specificadj.明確的,特定的,具體的willingadj.愿意的,樂意的bewillingtodosthbeunwillingtodosth=bereluctanttodosth類似reluctantadj.不情愿的,勉強的區(qū)分relevantadj.有關的,切題的berelevanttosth與...相關的related[e.g.Thelonganswerisnotdirectlyrelevanttothisquestion.]crazyadj.瘋狂的,荒唐的becrazyabout對...好奇worryv/n.擔心,發(fā)愁beworriedabout對...擔心/憂慮anxiousadj.焦慮的,急切的beanxiousabout對...焦慮beanxiousfor盼望particularadj.特殊的,特定的同根participantn.參與者同根participatevi.參與同根particularlyadv.特別,尤其beparticularabout對...吹毛求疵=becriticalof=findfaultwithcriticaladj.批評的,挑剔的,至關重要的,危急的acriticalsituation危局atacriticalpoint在一個關鍵點同根criticn.批評家同根criticismn.批評,評論同根criticizev.批評,評論,指責同根criticism批判主義faultn.缺點,錯誤lookvi/vt.看,顯得lookinon=dropinon=callonsb拜訪某人lookinto觀察,瀏覽,調查=investigate=surveylookto依賴,依靠=takecareoflookover檢查,瞭望lookout小心lookoutof從...朝外看lookdownon看不起lookbackon回顧lookasif/though看起來很像...lookthrough瀏覽=scanlookaround/about環(huán)顧lookfor尋找=searchforlookforwardtodoing期待...lookon觀察=watch,將...看作=lookupon=taketobelookafter照顧looklike看上去像lookatsbwithneweyes對某人刮目相看dropn/v.滴；落下,掉下dropout輟學dropinatsomewhere=callatsomewhere=lookinatsomewhere拜訪某地alladj/pron/adv.所有的,完全allover到處,渾身inall總共notatall別客氣；一點也不aboveall最重要的是afterall畢竟,終究callvt/vi/n.大聲說出；叫喊；呼叫callatsomeplace/onsb拜訪某地,拜訪某人callforsb要求；取消=cancelcalloff取消=giveupcallin約請recallvt/n.回憶,回想,召回[e.g.Iseemtorecallthatthefestivalgotstartedinthe1930s.我好想回憶起這個節(jié)日起源于上個世紀三十年代。]assemblev.集合,裝配同根assemblyn.集合區(qū)分resemblevt.像區(qū)分tremblevi.顫動類似gathervt/vi.集合,聚集,收集afraidadj.害怕beafraidofdoingsth害怕做beafraidtodosth由于擔心而不敢做某事assistv.協(xié)助,幫助assistsbindoingsth同根assistantn.助手assistancen.幫助insistv.堅持,堅持認為insistondoing堅持做類似stickn/v.枝條,棍棒；黏貼,刺sticktodoing堅持區(qū)分strikev/n.敲擊,打擊,罷工beonstrike正在罷工中的geonstrike開始罷工類似perseverevi.堅持不懈同根perseverancen.堅持類似persistvi.執(zhí)意persevereindoing=persistindoing堅持區(qū)分resistv.抵抗resistdoing抵抗做...同根resistantadj.抵抗的beresistantto...區(qū)分consistvi.由組成,構成,在于consistof由...組成composev.組成,創(chuàng)作becomposedof由...組成=consistof同根composern.作曲家同根compositionn.組成,作文,作品engagevt/vi.使訂婚,使從事,吸引beengagedin從事于...beengagedtosb與某人訂婚developvt/vi.開發(fā),發(fā)展,生長,發(fā)育n.形成→form=generate=cultivaten.沖洗〔膠卷→developafilm同根developedadj.發(fā)達的同根developingadj.發(fā)展中的同根developmentn.發(fā)展crimen.罪行同根criminaladj.犯罪的commitvt.犯罪,委托,提交同根committeen.委員會commitacrime犯罪relatev.敘述,有關聯(lián)同根relatedadj.有關的berelatedtobecloserelatedto/linkedto/associatedwith/connectedwith息息相關同根relationn.關系inrelationto關于=asto=asfor同根relationshipn.關系同根relativen/adj.親屬；比較的,相對的同根relativelyadv.比較而言,相對的relativelyspeaking相對而言同根relativityn.相關性,相對論probableadj.很可能發(fā)生同根probablyadv.很可能〔80%類似likelyad/adv.可能；很可能〔50%同根alikeadv/adj.相似的,一樣的同根dislikevt/n.不喜歡resourcen.資源sourcen.源泉,來源thesourceof...的來源relyvi.依靠,依賴relyon依靠,指望同根reliableadj.可靠的,可依賴的同根reliantadj.依靠的,依賴的同根reliabilityn.可靠closev/adj.關閉；接近的,靠近的同根closelyadv.密切的,仔細的同根closedadj.關閉的closefriend密友closegame勢均力敵的比賽takeacloselookat...仔細看一看...區(qū)分enclosevt.圍住,包住,封入enclosesthwiththeletter隨信附上區(qū)分openadj.打開beopentothepublic同根openern.開啟者同根openingadj/n.開始的；開端sleepv/n.睡眠同根sleepyadj.困倦的同根asleepadj.睡著的同根sleepingadj.正在睡覺的gotobed/sleep去睡覺warmadj/v.溫暖的,熱切的；溫暖,暖和warm-heartedadj.熱心的warmthn.緩和,溫暖,熱情區(qū)分warnv.警告,告誡warnsbofsthwarnsbnottodosth=warnsbagainstdoinginform/remind/convince/accusesbofsth指責控告類似robv.搶劫,剝奪robsbofsth同根robbern.強盜,盜賊同根robberyn.搶劫案demandvt/n.要求,需求,詢問demandtodosthdemandthat<should>do+v.原型〔虛擬語氣demandsthofsbmeetone’sdemands/needsof滿足某人的需要supplyanddemand供求同根demandingadj.高要求的區(qū)分commandn/vt.命令,指揮,掌握commandrespect博得尊敬haveagoodcommandof精通同根commandern.司令官,指揮官intendvt.打算,計劃intendtodosth=mean/plantodosth計劃...Sthbeintendedtodo旨在...beintendedforsth為...而準備同根intenseadj.強烈的,劇烈的,緊張的同根intentionn.意圖,目的區(qū)分pretendv.假裝pretendtodo/thatpretendtoknowwhathedoesn’tknow不懂裝懂區(qū)分tendv.照管,護理tendtodo易于/往往去做同根tendencyn.易于,趨向于同根tenderadj.嫩的,溫柔的,親切地區(qū)分trendn/vi.走向,趨向longvi/adj.渴望；長的longtodo=beeager/anxioustodosthlongforsbtodosth同根long-termadj.長期的同根aslongas只要同根beforelong不久以后同根longbefore很久以前同根atlength詳細的,最終的pickv.采摘pickup撿起,采摘,搭便車,順道拜訪某人,學會,購買pickout挑選出,分辨出putvt.放putup張貼,搭建,提供住宿=provide/offer=setup/raiseputupwith忍受putout熄滅,出版,伸出putaside/apart留出=setaside[e.g.Putasidethisquestionforamoment.暫時撇開這個話題不談。]putaway儲存store/reserve,放棄desert/giveupputdown記下,放下=writedown=noteputon上演,穿上putoff推遲=postponedoing=putover=setbackputin提出申請,放入,種植putforward提出〔建議=raise=bringupputthrough接通noten/vt.筆記,紙幣同根notebookn.筆記本catchvt.捉住,趕上,鉤住catch/keepupwith趕上requirev.需要,要求requiresbtodosthrequiredoing=requiretobedonerequiresthofsb同根requirementn.必需品,需要,規(guī)定區(qū)分requestvt/n.要求,請求requestsbtodosthrequeststhofsb區(qū)分acquirevt.獲得,學到區(qū)分inquirev.詢問inquireabout/of同根inquiryn.詢問imaginevt.想象imaginedoing同根imaginaryadj.想象中的,虛構的imaginable可以想象的imaginative富有想象力的同根imaginationn.想象力區(qū)分imagen.映像,形象類似fancyn/v.想象力；想象同根fantasticadj.奇異的,了不起的advisevt.勸告,建議advicedoing/sbtodosth同根advisern.顧問同根advisableadj.明智的sensible區(qū)分advicen/vt.勸告,忠告suggestvt.暗示,建議,推薦,表明suggestdoingsthachievevt.完成,實現(xiàn),達到同根achievementn.成就類似accomplishvt.實現(xiàn),完成,達到accomplishedadj.完成的,有技巧的skillfulaccomplishableadj.可達成的achievable類似fulfillvt.履行,滿足類似completevt/adj.完成；完整的,十足的同根completionn.完成同根incompleteadj.不完全的區(qū)分competevi.比賽,競爭同根competitionn.競爭,比賽同根competitiveadj.有競爭力的forbidvt.禁止forbiddoingforbidsbtodosththeForbiddenCity紫禁城類似preventvt.阻止,妨礙類似banvt/n.阻止,取締；禁令類似stopv/n.阻塞,停止,阻攔；車站,阻止同根nonstopadj.不停地類似prohibitvt.禁止,阻止prevent/stop...fromdoingkeep...fromdoingban...fromdoingprohibit...fromdoing[e.g.Nodoubtnothingcanpreventthenfromheadingforvictory.毫無疑問,沒有什么可以阻止他們走向勝利。]同根prohibitionn.禁止區(qū)分exhibitn/vt.展覽品；展出,展示同根exhibitionn.展覽會previousadj.先前的=former區(qū)分preciousadj.珍貴的=valuableresultn/vi.結果；產生asaresult結果asaresultof由于...的結果resultin=giveriseto=bringabout導致,引起resultfrom由...引起[e.g.Theirachievementresultfromnothingbuttheirefforts.他們的成功完全來自于自己的努力]類似consequencen.結果,后果同根consequenceadj.相應的subjectn.學科,科目,主題,題材→disciplinen/vt.紀律；訓練besubjectto=sufferfrom遭受同根subjectiveadj.主觀的區(qū)分objectv/n.反對；宗旨,物體objecttodoingsth=beopposedtodoing反對同根objectiveadj/n.客觀的,如實的；目標n.目標→aim,purpose=goal=target=intention同根objectionn.異議,反對意見區(qū)分injectvt.注射區(qū)分rejectvt.拒絕區(qū)分projectn.計劃,方案,工程,課題affectvt.影響,使感動同根affectionn.喜愛,慈愛區(qū)分effectn.影響,結果,效力ineffect=infact實際上takeeffect生效=comeintoeffect同根effectiveadj.有效的,生效的類似impactn/v.影響,作用；沖擊,撞擊haveagreatimpacton對...產生極大的影響類似influencevt/n.影響同根influentialadj.有影響的speakv.說,講speakhighlyofsb高度評價某人speakillofsb詆毀某人proudadj.自豪的,驕傲的beproudof以...為傲=takeprideinpartn/vi.部分,零件,地區(qū)；分開takepartin=participatein參加類似rolen.角色playapart/rolein在...中扮演角色〔起作用同根partnern.同伴,合伙人區(qū)分departvi.離開,出發(fā)departfrom同根departmentn.部門departurefrom同根departuren.離開,啟程,出發(fā),背離區(qū)分apartadv.分開的同根apartmentn.公寓actvi/n.行動,表演,扮演；行為,法令區(qū)分exactadj.精確地,確切的同根reactvi.做出反應,起作用reactto對...的反應reactionn.反應reactionto對...反應同根interactv.相互作用同根activeadj.積極地,主動地同根activityn.活動同根actorn.男演員同根actressn.女演員同根actualadj.事實上同根actionn.行動takeaction/measurestodosth[e.g.Immediateactionmustbetakentoreducethelossescausedbythetyphoon.必須立即采取措施來減少臺風帶來的損失。]類似measurev/n.測量n.提案=billv.bemeasuredbysth以某物來衡量同根measurableadj.可以測量的comevi.來同根outcomen.結果同根incomen.收入,所得,收益同根newcomern.新來的人comeacross偶然遇到comeupwith想出,找出comeout結果是comeover影響comeon快,加油comefrom來自cometo總計,獲得結論cometooneself恢復知覺,蘇醒cometorealize逐漸意識到overlookvt.忽視,眺望,俯瞰區(qū)分guiltyadj.有罪的,內疚的類似ignorevt.忽略,不顧同根ignorancen.無知同根ignorantadj.無知的beignorantof/that類似neglectvt/n.疏忽,忽略neglectone’ssleepandmeal廢寢忘食同根negativeadj.負面的,消極的類似omit省略,遺漏區(qū)分negotiatev.談判區(qū)分skipv.跳繩,跳過,漏過skipthebreakfast不吃早飯overoveralladj.總的,包括一切的overcomevt.克服overflowvi/n.溢出overheadadj/adv.在頭頂上的,上面的overnightadv.整個夜間overtakevt.趕上,超過assessvt.評估,評價→evaluateassessmentn.評估,評價[e.g.Theyassesshishouseat15000yuan.他們給他房子的估價為15000元]區(qū)分accessn.接近,進入,利用have/gainaccesstodoing/n.可接近havenoaccesstodosth不能做某事[e.g.Intheoldsociety,peoplefrompoorfamilieshadlittleaccesstoeducation.在舊社會,窮人很少有機會受教育]同根inaccessibleadj.達不到的,不可接近的supposev.假定,猜想besupposedtodosth期望/應該去做besupposedtohavedonesth本期望/應該做,但是沒做=shouldhavedonedirectvt/adj.指導,命令；筆直的,直接的adirecttrain直達列車directsbtodosth指導某人做某事directsbtoaplace指導某人去某一個地方同根directionn.方向,說明同根indirectadj.間接地→方向inalldirections四面八方inthedirectionof朝...方向givedirections給予指引→說明=instruction<s>followthedirections遵照說明同根directorn.主管,經理,導演prefervt.更喜愛prefersthtosth=preferdoingtodoing=prefertodoratherthandosthaddv.添加addupto總計達addto增加add...to將...加在...上同根additionn.加inaddition此外,而且inadditionto除...之外=besides同根additionaladj.附加的hangv.懸掛區(qū)分<過去式>hunghung懸掛區(qū)分<過去式>hangedhanged吊死hangup掛斷hangaround/about徘徊,逗留類似suspendv.懸掛,懸浮refervi.提到,參考referto提到,涉及到,指的是同根referencen.參考,參閱withreferenceto=about關于runv.跑,競選,運轉,管理,經營runinto偶遇=runacross；撞上；達到runaway逃跑runafter=beafter,chase追趕runfor競選runover碾過runthough瀏覽runout<of>用盡inthelongrun從長期來看intheshortrun從短期來看ontherun=onthegoing在奔忙之中runningwater自來水同根runnern.跑步者firmadj/n.堅固的；商行adj.堅固的→stable,steadyfirmbelieve堅定的信念n.公司→company;corporate,factory,plantholdafirmbeliefthat堅信...=firmlybelievethat...區(qū)分confirmvt.證實,確認confirmedadj.確定的,堅定地confirmourreservations確認一下預定情況satisfyvt.使?jié)M意,滿足besatisfiedwith=bepleasedwith=becontentedwithsatisfy/meetone’sneeds/demands同根satisfactionn.滿意,滿足,快樂的事同根satisfactoryadj.令人滿意的sthisfarfromsatisfactory遠不盡如人意類似contentn/adj/v.目錄,內容；滿意的；使?jié)M足toone’sheartcontent盡情的draman.劇本,戲劇同根dram