考研班主任1991年英語(yǔ)試題及答案33獲取

SectionIStructureandIneachsentence,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and wasthatnightbegantofall.myreturn,IlearnedthatProfessorSmithhadbeenattheMuseumandwouldnotbebackforseveralhours.Anyonewhohasspenttimewithchildrenisawareofthedifferenceinthewayboysandgirlsrespondto Thereisnotmuchtimeleft;soI’lllyouabout ininininInthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully asuddenloudnoise.beingshouldtheretheretherehavingBytheyear2000,scientists acureforwillbearewillhavehaveJim

,buthedidbadlyinthefinalexamsTheboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingwithouthis He onthearatherstrongratherstrongratherthestrongtheratherstrongWhenJanefelloffthebike,theother.werenotabletohelpcouldnothelpbutcouldnothelpcouldnothelptoItisbettertodieonone’sfeet livingonone’sliveonone’sonone’stoliveonone’sThemostimportant wholeheartedlyforthepeople.Thiswatch toalltheotherwatchesontheInatyphoon,winds theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastInspiteButBecauseAs hasoughttohavecouldn’thaveshouldn’thavetospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedHardlyhadheNosoonerhadheNotuntilheScarcelydidheAnnawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,compley theoutsideworld.beinghavingThemenwentinto theyheardtheThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound inthewoodsofftheDress you’llcatchontheororinnoOurresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso tochangebrainchemistry.Bobwascomple bytherobber’stakentakentakentakenDifficultiesandhardshipshave younggeologist.broughtbroughtbroughtbroughtOurmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas periodoftime.beingtohavebeenhavingbeentobeEveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan, attheotherstore.thetheThebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitpossibleforhim theinvestmentplanwithinaworkputmakesetHeknowslittleofmathematics, ofevenstillnostillThestudentsexpectedthere thefinalexam.havetoSectioReadingEachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachthebestanswertoeachofthequestions.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(30points)TextAwisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisfoodmentodonothing.So,asaofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.Accountabilityisn’thardtodefine.ItmeansthateveryisresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirOfthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether--kindness,andsoon--accountabilitymaybethemostimportantofWithoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw--and,ultimay,nosociety.Myjobasaofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverymanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople’sbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraintssuchasguilt,shameandFortunaytherearestillcommunities--smallertowns,--whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardssimplyarenotdone!”Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it’sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn’tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn’tprovideastablehome.Idon’tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,weeasocietyofendlessexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.WeinAmericadesperayneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthewhocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.Whatthewisemansaidsuggests it’sunnecessary oodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofit’sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatit’sdesirable oodmentokeepawayfromAccordingtotheauthor, rsonisfoundguiltyofa.societyistobeheldmoderncivilizationisresponsibleforthecriminalhimselfshouldbearthethestandardsoflivingshouldbeComparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecities.lessself-bettersenseofmoremutualless Thewriterissorrytohavenoticed peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusepeopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandtoday’ssocietylackssympathyforpeopleinpeopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalThekeypointofthepassageis stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandmoregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletomorerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople’smorepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofTextTheperiodofadolescence,i.e.,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandsociety’sdefinitionastowhatconstitutesmaturityandadulthood.Inprimitivesocietiesadolescenceisfrequentlyarelativelyshortperiodoftime,whileinindustrialsocietieswithpatternsofprolongededucationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerandmayincludemostoftheseconddecadedefinitionofadulthoodstatusmaychangeinagivensocietyassocialandeconomicconditionschange.ExamplesofthistypeofchangearethedisappearanceofthefrontierinthelatterpartofthenineteenthcenturyintheUnitedStates,andmoreuniversally,theindustrializationofanagriculturalsociety.Inmodernsociety,ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirrecognitionandsymbolicsignificanceandtherenoisagreementastowhatconstitutesinitiationceremonies.Socialoneshavebeenreplacedbyasequenceofstepsthatleadtoincreasedrecognitionandsocialstatus.Forexample,gradeschoolgraduation,andwhileeachstepimpliescertainbehavioralchangesandsocialrecognition,thesignificanceofeachdependsonthesocio-economicstatusandtheeducationalambitionoftheindividual.Ceremoniesforadolescencehavealsobeenreplacedbylegaldefinitionsofstatusroles,rights,privilegesandresponsibilities.Itisduringthenineyearsfromthetwelfthbirthdaytothetwenty-thattheprotectiveandrestrictiveaspectsofchildhoodandminorstatusareremovedandadultprivilegesandresponsibilitiesaregranted.Thetwelve-year-oldisnolongerconsideredachildandhastopayfullfarefortrain,airplane,theaterandmovietickets.Basically,theindividualatthisageloseschildhoodprivilegeswithoutgainingsignificantadultrights.Attheageofsixteentheadolescentisgrantedcertainadultrightswhichincreaseshissocialstatusbyprovidinghimwithmorefreedomandchoices.Henowcanobtainadriver’slicense;hecanleavepublicschools;andhecanworkwithouttherestrictionsofchildlaborlaws.Atofeighteenthelawprovidesadultresponsibilitiesaswellasrights;theyoungmancannowbeasoldier,buthealsocanmarrywithoutparentalpermission.Atoftwenty-onetheindividualobtainshisfulllegalrightsasanadult.Henowcanvote,hecanbuyliquor,hecanenterintofinancialcontracts,andheisentitledtorunforpublicoffice.Noadditionalbasicrightsareacquiredasafunctionofageaftermajoritystatushasbeenattained.Noneoftheselegalprovisionsdetermineatwhatpointadulthoodhasbeenreachedbuttheydopointtotheprolongedperiodofadolescence.Theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerinindustrialsocieties thedefinitionofmaturityhastheindustrializedsocietyismoreceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolicsignificanceFormersocialceremoniesthatusedtomarkadolescencehavegivenplaceto graduationsfromschoolsandsocialsocio-economiccertainbehavioralNoonecanexpecttofullyenjoytheadulthoodprivilegesuntilhe elevenyearssixteenyearstwenty-oneyearsbetweentwelveandtwenty-oneyearsStartingfrom onewillobtainmorebasictheolder es,themorebasicrightshewillonewon’tgetmorebasicrightsthanwhenheisonewillenjoymorerightsgrantedbyAccordingtothepassage,itistrue betweenadolescenceandadulthoodnolongerexistedageoftwenty-oneoneisconsideredtohavereachedadulthoodwhenhehasdriver’shecanjointhearmyTextMostgrowingplantscontainmuorewaterthlothermaterialscombined.C.R.Barneshassuggestedthatitisaspropertotermtheplantawaterstructureastocallahousecomposedmainlyofbrickabrickbuilding.Certainitisthatallessentialprocessesofplantgrowthanddevelopmentoccurinwater.Themineralelementsfromthesoilthatareusablebytheplantmustbedissolvedinthesoilsolutionbeforetheycanbetakenintotheroot.Theyarecarriedtoallpartsofthegrowingplantandarebuiltintoessentialplantmaterialswhileinadissolvedstate.Thecarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheairmayentertheleafasagasbutisdissolvedinwaterintheleafbeforeitiscombinedwithaofthewatertoformsimplesugars--thebasefromwhichtheplantbodyismainlybuilt.Activelygrowingplantpartsaregenerally75to90percentwater.Structuralpartsofplants,suchaswoodystemsnolongeractivelygrowing,mayhavemuchlesswaterthangrowingtissues.Theactualamountofwaterintheplantatanyonetime,however,isonlyaverysmallpartofwhatpassesthroughitduringitsdevelopment.Theprocessesofphotosynthesis,bywhichcarbondioxideandwaterarecombined--inthepresenceofchlorophyll(葉綠素)andwithenergyderivedfromlighttoformsugars,requirethatcarbondioxidefromtheairentertheplant.Thisoccursmainlyintheleaves.TheleafsurfaceisnotsolidbutcontainsgreatnumbersofminuteopeningsthroughwhichthecarbondioxideentersThesamestructurethatpermitstheonegastoentertheleaf,howeverpermitsanothergaswatervaportobelostfromit.Sincecarbondioxideispresentintheaironlyintraceties(3to4partsin10,000partsofair)andwatervaporisnearsaturationintheairspaceswithintheleafat80saturatedairwouldcontainabout186partsofwatervaporin10,000partsofairthetotalamountofwatervaporlostismanytimesthecarbondioxideintake.Actually,becauseofwindandotherfactors,thelossofwaterinproportiontocarbondioxideintakemaybeevengreaterthantherelativeconcentrationsofthetwogasesAlsonotallofthecarbondioxidethatenterstheleafissynthesizedintocarbohydrates(碳水化合物).Agrowingplantneedswaterforallofthefollowing formingsustainingwoodykeeproducingcarbon.toformtoderiveenergyfromtopreservetocombinecarbondioxidewithThesecondparagraphusesfactstodeveloptheessentialidea.aplantefficientlyutilizesmostofthewateritforplantdevelopmentaplantneedsmorewaterthanisfoundinitsthestrongerthewind,themorethewatervaporThemineralelementswillnotbeabsorbedbytheplantunlesstheyaredissolvedinitsroot.ThewoodystemscontainmorewaterthantheAirexistingaroundtheleafisfoundtobeOnlypartofthecarbondioxideintheplantsisThispassageismainly thefunctionsofcarbondioxideandtheroleofwaterinagrowingtheprocessofsimplesugarthesynthesisofwaterwithcarbonSectio ClozeForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoiceslabeled[A],[B],[C],and[D].ChoosethebestoneandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Whenevisionbegantoexpand,veryfewofthepeoplewhohadefamousasradiocommentatorswereabletobeequallyeffectiveonevision.Someofthedifficultiestheyexperiencedwhentheyweretrying themselvestothenewmediumwere radio,forexample,theyhad seeingonbehalfofthelistener. ofseeingforothersmeansthatthecommentatorhastobeverygoodattalking. all,hehastobeableto acontinuoussequenceofvisualimageswhich meaningtothesoundswhichthelistenerhears.Inthe53 ofevision,however,thecommentatorseeseverythingwiththeviewer.Hisrole, different.Heisthereto theviewerdoesnotmisssomepointofinterest,tohelp onparticularthings,and hisradiocolleague,hemustknowthe59 touseitatthose thepicturesspeakforcomple[A][A]SectionIVError-detectionandEachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedparts.Thesepartsarelabeled[A],[B],[C],and[D].IdentifythepartofsentencethatisincorrectandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.Then,withoutalteringthemeaningofthesentence,writedownyourcorrectiononthelineintheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theseisadelicatebalanceofnaturewhianysquareofocean andvegetationandcleanairareC

tomaintainarelativelyfewhumanDTheideathatlearningisalifelongprocesshasexpressedby philosophersandeducationaliststhroughouttheDNobodybesidelittlechildrenthinksthatatripbybusisexciting. Justoutsidetheruinsareamagnificentbuildingsurroundedbytall Intheteachingofmathematics,thewayofinstructionisgenerallytraditional,withteacherspresentingformallecturesandstudents Theteacheraskedthemwhohadcompletedtheirteststoleave roomasquietlyasDHewantedmoreoutoflife,notjustworkingathigh-paidjobs spendingnightsonthestreetsplayingDManhasusedmetalsforcenturiesingradualincreasingties, butitwasnotuntiltheIndustrialRevolutionC

cametobeemployedinrealvastDIfyouwantyourfilmtoproperlyprocess,you’llhavetowaitApickituponFriday,whichisthedayafterCAmancannotbereallyhappyifthatheenjoysngisignoredby societyasofnovalueorDSectionVEnglish-ChineseReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.(15points)Thefactisthattheenergycrisis,whichhassuddenlybeenofficiallyannounced,hasbeenwithusforalongtimenow,andwillbewithusforanevenlongertime.WhetherAraboilflowsfreelyornot,itiscleartoeveryonethatworldindustrycannotbeallowedtodependonsofragileabase.(71)Thesupplyofoilcanbeshutoffunexpectedlyatanytime,andinanycase,theoilwellswillallrundryinthirtyyearsorsoatthepresentrateofuse.Newsourcesofenergymustbefound,andthiswilltakebutitisnotlikelytoresultinanysituationthateverrestorethaseofcheapandplentifulenergywehavehadinthetimespast.Foranindefiniteperiodfromhereon,mankindisgoingtoTomakethesituationworse,thereisasyetnosignthatanyslowingoftheworld’spopulationisinsight.Althoughthebirth-ratehasdroppedinsomenations,includingtheUnitedStates,thepopulationoftheworldseemssuretopasssixbillionandperhapsevensevenbillionasthetwenty-centuryopens.whieansthatweareheadingintoacrisisinthematterofproducingandmarketingfood.Takingallthisintoaccount,whatmightwereasonablyestimatesupermarketstobelikeintheyear2001?Tobeginwith,theworldfoodsupplyisgoingtoesteadilytighteroverthenextthirtyyears--evenhereintheUnitedStates.By2001,thepop