考研考博-英語-廣東機電職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東機電職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Thereisagreat（）instrengthbetweenthetwoteams.

問題1選項

A.disparity

B.deficiency

C.disparagement

D.disrelation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項disparity“不同；不一致”；B選項deficiency“缺陷，缺點”；C選項disparagement“輕蔑；輕視”；D選項disrelation“不相干；沒有相應的聯(lián)系”。句意：兩隊力量懸殊。四個選項中，只有A項符合句意。

2.單選題

Manyofthesestateshaveexperienced______nationalityconflicts,andfewoftheseconflictshavebeenpermanentlyresolved.

問題1選項

A.traumatic

B.stocky

C.irremediable

D.forgetful

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.traumatic痛苦難忘的；極不愉快的B.stocky矮壯的；敦實的

C.irremediable無法糾正的；不可治愈的D.forgetful健忘的；好忘事的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關鍵詞nationalityconflicts（國籍沖突）和關鍵信息fewoftheseconflictshavebeenpermanentlyresolved（這些沖突中很少有得到永久解決）可推知，這些國籍沖突沒有得到永久解決，也就是說這些沖突是痛苦難忘的，該題選擇A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】

B、D項不符合句意；

C項是用來描述一個糟糕的情況或改變無法改善，通常是指永久性的，在這不符合語境。

【句意】這些國家中有許多經歷過創(chuàng)傷性的國籍沖突，而這些沖突中很少有得到永久解決。

3.單選題

Bymovingtheradarbeamaroundslowlyincircles,wecan______thesurroundings.

問題1選項

A.explore

B.expose

C.exploit

D.expand

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項explore“探索、探險”；B項expose“暴露”；C項exploit“利用”；D項expand“擴展”；句意：通過緩慢地繞圈移動雷達波束，我們可以探索周圍的環(huán)境。因此該題A項正確。

4.單選題

Researchershavefoundthatmigratinganimalsuseavarietyofinnercompassestohelpthemnavigate.Somedirectthemselvesbythepositionofthesun.Othersnavigatebythestars.Someusethesunastheirguideduringtheday,andthenswitchtnstarnavigationbynight.OnestudyshowsthatthehomingpigeonusestheEarth'smagneticfieldsasaguideinfindingitswayhome,andthereareindicationsthatvariousotheranimals,frominsectstomollusks,canalsomakeuseofmagneticcompasses.Itisofcourseveryusefulforamigratingbirdtobeabletoswitchtoamagneticcompasswhencloudscoverthesun;otherwiseitwouldjusthavetolandandwaitforthesuntocomeoutagain.

Evenwiththesunorstarstoguideby,theproblemsofnavigationaremorecomplicatedthantheymightseematfirst.Forexample,aworkerhoneybeethathasfoundarichsourceofnectarandpollenfliesrapidlyhometoreport.Ascientisthasdiscoveredthatthebeesentouttolookforfooddeliversherreportthroughacomplicateddancetotheotherworkersnotonlyhowfarawaythefoodis,butalsowhatdirectiontoflyinrelationtothesun.Butthesundoesnotstayinoneplaceallday.Astheworkersstartouttogatherthetoed,thesunmayalreadyhavechangeditspositionintheskysomewhat.Inlatertripsduringtheday,thesunwillseemtomovefartherandfarthertowardthewest.Yettheworkerbeeseemtohavenotroubleatallinfindingthefoodsource.Theirinnerclockstellthemjustwherethesunwillbe,andtheychangetheircoursecorrespondingly.

1.TheauthormentionsallthefollowingnaturalphenomenathathelpanimalsnavigateEXCEPT（）.

2.Whatmakesitnecessaryforabirdtorelyonamagneticcompasswhennavigating?

3.Accordingtothepassagewhatinformationdoesthedanceofthescoutbeecommunicatetotheotherworkerbees?

4.Whatenablesthebeestoflybythesuneventhoughthesun’spositionisnotfixed?

問題1選項

A.thesun

B.thestars

C.magneticfields

D.winddirection

問題2選項

A.Thepossibilityofbadweather

B.Theconstantmotionofthesun.

C.Itspatternsofmigration.

D.Itsneedtoconstantlychangehomes.

問題3選項

A.Thetimeoftheday.

B.Whattheweatherislike.

C.Howfarawaythefoodis.

D.Whichflowersthescouthasfound.

問題4選項

A.Theyareequippedwithbiologicaltimeclocks.

B.Theyflyinformationbehindthescoutbee.

C.Theyhaveexcellenteyesight.

D.Theyhavelongmemories.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段前半部分的內容可知，選項A，B，C均有提及，只有選項D沒有提及。

2.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Itisofcourseveryuseful...thesuntocomeoutagain.”當云層遮住太陽時，候鳥利用磁場辨別方向是非常有用的；否則它就只能著陸，等待太陽再次出來。也就是說，當天氣不好的時候，鳥就必須依靠磁場來飛行了。所以選項A符合原文。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的第三句“thebeesentout...flyinrelationtothesun.”被派去尋找食物的蜜蜂通過復雜的舞蹈向其他工蜂傳遞信息，不僅告訴它們食物有多遠，還告訴它們食物和太陽的相對位置。選項C符合原文。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Theirinnerclockstellthemjustwherethesunwillbe,andtheychangetheircoursecorrespondingly.”它們的生物鐘告訴它們太陽將在哪里，它們也相應地改變了方向。選項A符合原文。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

如同人員與貨物一樣,人的思想觀念也可以跨躍大西洋自由地交流,盡管有時會略顯遲緩。

你在一個新的環(huán)境呆上一段時間后就進入了第二階段——危機階段,在這個階段,美好的印象漸漸消失,你會明白必須面對日常生活中的實際問題。

在美國人經常光顧的那些歐洲國家,友誼跟其他更隨意的人際關系有很大的區(qū)別,友誼與家庭生活的關聯(lián)方式也各不相同。

第一階段是蜜月階段,在這一階段中新的經歷被視作是生動有趣,令人愉快和富有魅力的。

愛中有這樣的矛盾：兩個人合二為一,卻又一分為二。

【答案】

IdeashavecrossedtheArcticoceanasfreelyasmenandmerchandise,thoughsometimesmoreslowly.

Afterstayinginanewenvironmentforaperiodoftime,youwillenterthesecondphase—phaseofcrisisduringwhichfavorableimpressionwillgraduallydieawayandyouwillrealizeitisnecessarytofacethepracticalproblemsinthedailylife.

InthoseEuropeancountrieswhichAmericansoftenvisit,friendshipdiffersgreatlyfrommorecasualinterpersonalrelationship,andtherelationshipsbetweenfriendshipandfamilylifevary,too.

Thefirstishoneymoonphaseduringwhichnewexperiencesareconsideredvivid,amusing,delightfulandcharming.

Thereexistssuchcontradictionsinlove:twopeoplebecomeonewhich,however,dividesintotwo.

6.單選題

Nomenwereallowedto______onthelivelihoodofhisneighbor.

問題1選項

A.wade

B.invoke

C.muffle

D.infringe

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.wade涉水，跋涉；費力行走B.invoke引起，懇求；調用

C.muffle蒙住，裹住；抑制D.infringe侵犯，違反；破壞

【答案】D

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“不允許任何人______鄰居的生活”可知，空格處填入“打擾，破壞”符合句意，只有D項符合。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項不符合句意。

【句意】不允許任何人侵犯鄰居的生活。

7.單選題

Duringperiodsofsocialandculturalstability,manyartacademiesaresofirmlycontrolledbythatallrealcreativeworkmustbedoneby（

）thedisenfranchised.

問題1選項

A.managers

B.dogmatists

C.imposters

D.specialists

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。disenfranchised被剝奪公民權的；manager“經理；管理人員”；dogmatist“教條主義者；獨斷家；獨斷論者”；imposter“騙子；冒名頂替者”；specialist“專家；專門醫(yī)師”。句意：在社會和文化穩(wěn)定時期，很多藝術學院如此牢固地被教條主義者控制，以至于所有真正有創(chuàng)造性的工作都由被剝奪了公民權的人來完成。由allrealcreativeworkmustbedonebythedisenfranchised.可知B項符合題意。

8.單選題

Gotoinspectallthepartstofindwhatwasat（

）.

問題1選項

A.wrong

B.trouble

C.fault

D.difficulty

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。四個選項都表示錯誤或問題的意思，但是題干中的介詞是at，只有選項C能與之搭配。選項A的搭配為“be+wrong”，選項B和D和介詞in搭配，所以選項C正確。句意：去檢查所有的部件，看看哪里出了問題。選項C符合句意。

9.單選題

Thingshavereallychanged.Notonlyisthemilitarystandingtallagain,itisstagingaremarkablecomebackinthequantityandqualityoftherecruitsitisattracting.Recruiters,oncedenouncedbyantiwarstudentsas“babykillers”andbarredfromcampuses,arewelcomedeverateliteuniversities.ROTC(ReserveOfficer’sTrainingCorps)programsthatfalteredduringtheVietNamera,whenprotesterswerefirebombingtheirheadquarters,areflourishingagain.Themilitaryacademiesareenjoyingasteadyincreaseinapplications.

Certainly,thedepressedeconomyhasincreasedtheallureofthejobs,technicaltrainingandgenerousstudentloansofferedbythemilitary.Studentsknowthatiftheygoinandbecome,say,nuclearweaponsspecialists,theycancomeoutanddemandasalaryof$60,000ayear.Militarysalaries,whilenotalwayscompetitivewiththosepaidforcomparablejobsintheprivatesector,aremorethanrespectable,especiallyconsideringthewidearrayofbenefitsthatareavailable,freemedicalservice,roomandboard,andPX(PostExchange)privileges.Monthlypayforarecruitis$574;forasergeantwithfouryearsservicesitis$906;foramajorwithtenyears’serviceitis$2,305.Theservicesslick$175million-a-yearadvertisingcampaignpromisingadventureandfulfillmenthashelpedwinovertheTVgeneration.Kidsarewalkingdowntheschoolhallwayschanting‘Army,Navy,AirForce,Marines,’justlikeinthecommercials.Andmanymilitaryofficialsfeelthatthekeydifferenceistheenhancedpatriotismamongthenation’syouth.Thereisareturntotheviewthatthemilitaryisanhonorableprofession.ThedaysofajudgetellingamiscreanttojointheArmyorgotojailareover.Recruitingforallfourservicescombinedisrunningat101%ofauthorizedgoals.Andtheretentionrateisnowsohigh,thattheservicesarerefusingsomere-enlistmentapplicationsandreducingannualrecruitingtarget.

Themilitaryacademicsarealsoenjoyingprosperousyears,attractingmoreandbetter-qualifiedstudents.Comparedtoprivatecolleges,wheretuitionandexpenseshavebeenclimbingsharply,theserviceschoolsarearealbargainnotonlyistuitionfree,butrecruitsgetallowancesofupto$500amouth.Itisreported12,300applicantsareforthe1,450positionsinthisyear’sfreshmanclass.Militaryacademiesarenowjustasselectiveasanyofthebestuniversitiesinthecountry.

Nationwide,ROTCenrollmentexceeds105,000,a64%increaseoverthe1974figure.Inthemid70’s,theROTCstudentsrefusedtoweartheiruniformsoncampusbecausetheysufferedallsortsofridiculeiftheydid.Nowiftheywearthemtoclassnoonelooksatthemtwice.Tothem,VietNamisancienthistory,somethingtheoldfolkstalkabout.

31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

32.Whatwastheattitudeofthestudentsin1970’stowardsthemilitary?

33.Thephrase“comeout”isclosestinmeaningto（）.

34.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasontoattractstudents?

35.Accordingtotheendingparagraphwhatarestudent’sattitudetowardtheirclassmateswearinguniformstoclass?

問題1選項

A.TheMilitaryisin

B.TheMilitaryisout

C.TheMilitaryisdown

D.TheMilitaryison

問題2選項

A.Approval

B.Indifference

C.Distaste

D.Admiration

問題3選項

A.“becomevisible”

B.“begintogrow”

C.“bemadepublic”

D.“graduatefromcollege”

問題4選項

A.Freetuition

B.Spaciousroom

C.Considerableallowance

D.Technicaltraining

問題5選項

A.Theyareinfuriated

B.Theywanttofollowsuit

C.Theythinkthemstrange

D.Theytakeitforgranted

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】31.主旨大意題。定位在第一段Notonlyisthemilitarystandingtallagain,itisstagingaremarkablecomebackinthequantityandqualityoftherecruitsitisattracting.（軍隊形象不僅高大，招收新兵的質量和數(shù)量明顯得到恢復。）說明軍隊回到了原來有魅力的時刻了，又開始變得流行起來了。因此A選項“軍隊又流行了”符合題意，正確。B選項“軍隊過時了”，C選項“軍隊垮了”，D選項“軍隊開始了”，B，C，D選項均不符合題意，可排除。故選A。

32.客觀細節(jié)題。定位在最后一段的第二句Inthemid70’s,theROTCstudentsrefusedtoweartheiruniformsoncampusbecausetheysufferedallsortsofridiculeiftheydid.（70年代中期，后備軍官訓練隊的學生拒絕在校園里穿制服，因為如果穿了，他們會遭到各種嘲笑。）由此可知那時候學生對于軍隊是特別不喜歡的。因此C選項“厭惡”正確，符合題意。A選項“認可”，B選項“冷漠；不關心”，D選項“欽佩；贊賞”均不符合題意。故選C。

33.詞義推測題。由關鍵詞定位到文章第二段Studentsknowthatiftheygoinandbecome,say,nuclearweaponsspecialists,theycancomeoutanddemandasalaryof$60,000ayear.（學生們知道，要是進入軍隊，當上核武器專家，他們就能出來并可要求6萬美元年薪。）學生們是需要先進入軍隊學習后，當上了核武器專家，那么從軍隊出來后對年薪可提出要求。因此地點應該定位軍校，從軍校出來即學成畢業(yè)。因此D選項“從大學畢業(yè)”，符合題意，正確。A選項“成為可見的”，B選項“開始生長”，C選項“使公開”，均不符合題意。故選D。

34.客觀細節(jié)題。定位到第二段Certainly,thedepressedeconomyhasincreasedtheallureofthejobs,technicaltrainingandgenerousstudentloansofferedbythemilitary.（可以肯定的是，低迷的經濟增加了軍隊提供的工作、技術培訓和慷慨的學生貸款的吸引力。）Militarysalaries,whilenotalwayscompetitivewiththosepaidforcomparablejobsintheprivatesector,aremorethanrespectable,especiallyconsideringthewidearrayofbenefitsthatareavailable,freemedicalservice,roomandboard,andPX(PostExchange)privileges.（軍隊薪資盡管比不上私人公司中類似工作的工資，但已經很可觀了，尤其考慮到軍隊里有一系列的福利待遇，如免費醫(yī)療，膳宿，軍人消費合作社特惠等。）和第三段的Comparedtoprivatecolleges,wheretuitionandexpenseshavebeenclimbingsharply,theserviceschoolsarearealbargainnotonlyistuitionfree,butrecruitsgetallowancesofupto$500amouth.（私立大學里，學費和各類費用一直急劇上升，相比之下，上軍事院校確實便宜，不僅學費全免，新生每月還可拿500美元的補貼。）可知軍隊吸引學生的原因包含A選項“免學費”，C選項“可觀的津貼”和D選項“技術培訓”，B選項“寬敞的房間”并未提及。故選B。

35.客觀細節(jié)題。定位到最后一段Nowiftheywearthemtoclassnoonelooksatthemtwice.（現(xiàn)在如果他們穿著去上課，沒人會多看一眼。）說明現(xiàn)在穿制服去上課，已經是很普遍的事情了。因此D選項“他們認為這是理所當然的”正確，符合題意。A選項“他們被激怒了”，B選項“他們想效仿”，C選項“他們覺得他們很奇怪”，均不符合題意，故選D。

10.單選題

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz（千兆赫），forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?

OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.

1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?

4.Theword“alternative”means（

）.

5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.Analarmingclock.

B.Acrystaloscillator.

C.Complexcalculations.

D.Theclock’stimingsignals.

問題2選項

A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.

B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.

C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.

D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.

問題3選項

A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.

B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.

C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.

D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.

問題4選項

A.method

B.substitute

C.answer

D.machine

問題5選項

A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.

B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem

C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.

D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的電腦有多快？當人們問這個問題時，他們通常指的是計算機內部一個微小時鐘的頻率，它是一個晶體振蕩器，設定了整個機器使用的基本節(jié)奏?！庇纱丝芍x項B符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“在計算機的微處理器芯片中，一個時鐘分配系統(tǒng)將晶體振蕩器發(fā)出的定時信號傳送到各個電路中，就像鼓聲通過空氣傳播給士兵，以此來確定他們行進的步伐一樣。”由此可推斷，這里提到鼓聲在空氣中傳播是為了說明定時信號的傳遞和聲音在空氣中傳播的方式是類似的，所以選項A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.隨著速度的提高，定時信號的分配變得越來越困難?！边x項A符合原文；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一個大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的節(jié)奏，需要精心的設計和大量的電力?！边x項C和D符合原文。選項B是由于速度過快導致的結果而不是缺點，所以不正確，本題選B。

4.詞義題。結合原文內容可知，“alternative”意為“替代品”，選項B與之意思相近。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我們在太陽微系統(tǒng)實驗室的研究組正在尋找這樣的替代品。和世界上其他幾個組織一起...”由此可推斷，尋找更好的同步系統(tǒng)替代品是一個國際性問題，選項D正確。選項A，B，C均是事實，不是推導出來的，所以不符合題意。

11.單選題

Whatthefilmcompanyneedsisanactorwhocantakeonanykindsof（）roles.

問題1選項

A.diverse

B.versatile

C.variable

D.changeable

【答案】A

【解析】本題考查了形容詞辨析。diverse“不同的，多種多樣的”；versatile“多才多藝的”；variable“變化的；可變的”；changeable“易變的；可變的”，根據(jù)題意可推知電影公司需要的是能夠扮演不同角色的演員，四個選項中能夠表示“不同的，多樣的”只有diverse，故正確答案為選項A。句意為：這家電影公司需要的是一個能擔當各種不同角色的演員。

12.單選題

ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.

ThatisasignificantshiftinBritain.ForyearsownersoccupyahigherpercentageofhomesinBritainthanintheUnitedStates,France,orGermany.OnereasonhomeownershipissoattractiveinBritainisbecausepropertyvaluesdroppedlessdrasticallythanintheUnitedStates,inpartbecauseofashortageinhousing.Pricesinsomelargecities,includingLondon,haveevenincreasedrecently.Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund,saidAndrewHull,researchfellowattheInstituteforPublicPolicyResearch.“Homeownershipisalsoculturallyentrenched,”hesaid.“Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.”

Thebigshifttowardhomeownershipcameinthe1980swhenMrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy,whichallowedmanyinrentedgovernmenthousingtobuytheirhomes.Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.Atthesametime,therentalmarketbecameincreasinglyunattractive.UnlikeGermanyandotherContinentalEuropeancountries,Britain’sprivaterentalmarketishighlyfragmented,withmanylandlordsandlawsthatgenerallyfavorthepropertyowner.Mostleasesareforsixmonthsonly,withlandlordsrarelyagreeingtocommittolongerterms;thismakesrentinghighlyinsecure.

Butasthepainofgovernment-imposedausteritysinksindisposableincomehasshrunkandloanrequirementhavetoughened,forcingmoreandmoreBritonsintorentingratherthanbuying.Overthelast10yearsthenumberofpeoplewhoownedhomesheredroppedto67percentfrom70percent.Meanwhile,thenumberofpeopleinprivaterentedhouseroseto16percentfrom10percentoverthesameperiod,accordingtotheOfficeforNationalStatistics.Risingdemandhaspusheduprentsbyanaverageof4.4percentoverthelastyear,accordingtoLSLPropertyService.InLondonrentsincreased7.8percent.

“Agrowingnumberofyoungwould—bebuyersarepreparingforlifelong-renting—bynecessityratherthanchoice,”saidJonathanMoore,directorofeasyroommate.co.uk,apropertyWebsite.CharlotteAshton,30,haslivedinrentedaccommodationseversincesheleftherparent’shometoattenduniversity.Shesaidshewassavingforadownpaymenttobuyherownhome.“Idobelieveinthefundamentalsofowningbricksandmortarassecurityforthefuture,morethanleavingmymoneyinthebanksasalowinterestrate”,saidMs.Ashton,whoworksinpublicrelations.“Butnowitseemsunlessyouhaveaverywellpaidjobandarewillingtosaveeverypenny,it’sunfeasibletobuywithoutthehelpofthebankofMumandDad.”

Someeconomistsareconcernedthatasmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners,endangeringtheretirementprospectsforaswellinggroupofyoungadultstheycall“generationrent.”Itcouldalsohaveimplicationsforthecohesionofneighborhoods,AlisonBlackwell,aresearchdirectorattheNationalCenterforSocialResearchandauthoroftheHalifaxreportsaid.Renterstendtobelessinvolvedinlocalcommunitiesbecausetheyareforcedtomovemoreoften.Andtheeconomyasawholemaysufferbecauserenterstendtocurbspendingtosaveforadeposit.

36.ForBritishpeople,buyinghouseis________.

37.Mrs.Thatcher’sright-to-buypolicyhasledto________.

38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGenerationRentistrue?

39.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.

40.Morepeople’sinclinationtorentratherthanbuyahousewillnot________.

問題1選項

A.adistantgoal

B.asymbolofsuccess

C.acompulsorychoice

D.nothingbutaninvestment

問題2選項

A.thehomeownershipbust

B.theeconomicrecovery

C.thehomeownershipboom

D.theeconomicrecession

問題3選項

A.Theyconsiderrentingasalifelongplanratherthanatemporarychoice.

B.Theyareinfaceofeconomicdownturnandariskofearlyretirement.

C.Theydespisetheideaofaskingparentsformoneytobuyhouse.

D.Theystillbelieveintheblessingofhousejustliketheirpreviousgeneration.

問題4選項

A.therentalmarketandthebuyingmarketalwaysdevelopinreversedirection

B.itisimpossibleforthefirst-timebuyerstogetamortgageundercurrenteconomicsituation

C.buyinghouseisamoreprofitableinvestmentthanbuyingfundundercurrenteconomicsituation

D.Britain’srealestatemarketislessvolatilethanthatofotherEuropeancountries

問題5選項

A.enlargethewealthdisparitybetweenthehavesandhavenots

B.reducetherenter’scommitmenttothecommunity

C.slowtherecoveryofeconomy

D.curbsocialmobility

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】36.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.（擁有房子是證明成功的主要方式。），可知B選項“成功的象征”正確。A選項“遙遠的目標”：根據(jù)第一段第一句ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.（對于英國的很多年輕人來說，擁有住房變得越來越難，這被視為一個遙遠的目標，如果能實現(xiàn)，也是在晚年。），可知這是對于英國年輕人來說而不是普遍的英國人，故錯誤。C選項“必須的選擇”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。D選項“除了投資，什么用處都沒有”：Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund（人們仍認為住房是比養(yǎng)老基金更好、更安全的投資選擇），這里沒有說買房只有投資這一個用處，故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

37.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句Mrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy…Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.（撒切爾夫人頒布了購房權政策……大約售出了200萬套房子，收入達數(shù)百億英鎊。），可知撒切爾夫人的政策促進許多人買房，所以C選項“很多人買房”正確，A選項“不能買房”錯誤。B選項“經濟復蘇”和D選項“經濟衰退”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。因此C選項正確。

38.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段第一句Someeconomistsareconcernedthatasmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners,endangeringtheretirementprospectsforaswellinggroupofyoungadultstheycall“generationrent.”（一些經濟學家擔心，隨著越來越多的人被迫等待買房，可能會擴大房主和非房主之間已經存在的貧富差距，危及日益壯大的被他們稱為“租房一代”的年輕人的退休前景），可知租房一代手里可能會更沒有錢，退休也會受到影響，所以B選項“他們面臨著經濟水平下降和提前退休的風險”正確；他們被迫等待著買房，說明還是想要快一點買到房，故A選項“他們認為租房是一生的計劃，而不是暫時的選擇”錯誤。C選項“他們鄙視向父母借錢買房的想法”和D選項“他們像上一輩一樣仍然相信房子帶來的榮譽”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

39.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.Atthesametime,therentalmarketbecameincreasinglyunattractive.（大約200萬套房子被售出，收入達數(shù)百億英鎊。與此同時，租賃市場變得越來越缺乏吸引力。）和第四段第二、三句thenumberofpeoplewhoownedhomesheredroppedto67percentfrom70percent.Meanwhile,thenumberofpeopleinprivaterentedhouseroseto16percentfrom10percentoverthesameperiod（