高中英語句子類型講解課件

1、句子的類型 高中英語學(xué)習(xí)提高課程講座（二）句子的類型 高中英語學(xué)習(xí)提高課程講座（二）簡(jiǎn)單句的分類英語句子按照結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為三類:簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。簡(jiǎn)單句的分類英語句子按照結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為三類:簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)一、簡(jiǎn)單句定義：只有一個(gè)主語（或并列主語）和一個(gè)謂語（或并列謂語）構(gòu)成的句子叫做簡(jiǎn)單句。例如： Alice studied hard. Li Ming and Zhang Hua work in the same factory. Both Tony and Jim go to school at seven in the morning, have lunch there and co

2、me back at five in the afternoon.一、簡(jiǎn)單句定義：只有一個(gè)主語（或并列主語）和一個(gè)謂語（或并列一、簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句的5種結(jié)構(gòu)1. 主語+謂語 Her father works in Nanjing. She is walking along the lake. Spring has come. 一、簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句的5種結(jié)構(gòu)一、簡(jiǎn)單句2. 主語+系表結(jié)構(gòu) He is a teacher. Trees are green. She became angry at his words. The man seems kind.一、簡(jiǎn)單句2. 主語+系表結(jié)構(gòu)主語+謂語+賓語 H

3、e found a bird in the tree. My sister enjoys the song. He forgot to post the letter. Mary denied taking the pen.一、簡(jiǎn)單句主語+謂語+賓語一、簡(jiǎn)單句一、簡(jiǎn)單句主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語He gave his sister a piano. She wrote him a long letter. The worker told us a lot about his life in the past. Would you tell me where to get the ticket.一

4、、簡(jiǎn)單句主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語一、簡(jiǎn)單句5. 主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語 I found him busy. The news made her excited. They consider Jim a good student. I often hear her sing the song. We elected him monitor. She kept us waiting for half an hour.一、簡(jiǎn)單句5. 主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語二、并列句定義：并列句是由并列連詞把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連接在一起構(gòu)成的句子。并列連詞有and, but, or, so, eith

5、eror, neithernor not onlybut also結(jié)構(gòu): 簡(jiǎn)單句+并列連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句 This is mine and that is hers. These shoes are not cheap but they are very good.二、并列句定義：并列句是由并列連詞把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連定義: 復(fù)合句(主從復(fù)合句)是有一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子.復(fù)合句中的主句和從句都具有完成的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。主句是復(fù)合句的主體，可以獨(dú)立存在。從句需要有一個(gè)連詞引導(dǎo)，是修飾說明主語的，不能獨(dú)立存在。根據(jù)在句中不同的作用，從句可以分為三大類：名詞性從句（主語從句，表語從句

6、，賓語從句和同位語從句）定語從句和狀語從句。二、復(fù)合句定義: 復(fù)合句(主從復(fù)合句)是有一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上的主語從句主語從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語?？梢砸龑?dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：that, whether, what, which, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever That he will succeed is certain. Whether she will go there is not known. What he said is not true. Who broke the window has not b

7、een found out. How he escaped is still a mystery.主語從句主語從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語?？梢砸龑?dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞表語從句是用作表語的句子.一般放在主語的謂語動(dòng)詞（連系動(dòng)詞）之后。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有that, whether, asif, what, which, whom, whose, when, where, why, how The question is that he is also short of money. That is what I want to tell you.表語從句表語從句是用作表語的句子.一般放在主語的謂語動(dòng)詞

8、（連系動(dòng)詞）表語從句The problem is whether he will agree to the suggestion or not.That is why he was late for school.It looked as if it is going to rain. 表語從句The problem is whether he 賓語從句賓語從句是用作賓語的句子.除了謂語動(dòng)詞以外，介詞，不定式，分詞，動(dòng)名詞后面也可以帶賓語從句。類型：that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句if /whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句賓語從句賓語從句是用作賓語的句子.除了謂語動(dòng)詞以外，介詞，不賓語從

9、句 I really feel that he needs more practice. The old lady likes saying that she has a good son. I want to know if she still lives here. This depends on whether he is interested in English. 賓語從句 I really feel that he 賓語從句I am not interested in what he is doing.I dont know why he didnt come.He asked w

10、hose handwriting is the best.賓語從句I am not interested in wha同位語從句同位語從句常用that引導(dǎo),同news, fact, hope, idea, promise, suggestion, 構(gòu)成“The fact that+句子的”結(jié)構(gòu)。 The fact that he won the first prize cant be true. Have you heard the news that Mary will get married soon? The suggestion that the plan should be dela

11、yed will be discussed tomorrow. 同位語從句同位語從句常用that引導(dǎo),同news, fact定語從句 定語從句是在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子。定語從句在句中起定語的作用，被定語 修飾的詞為先行詞。 The man who wrote the book is an English professor. I liked read the book that you read last month. She is the not on the train that arrived a few minutes ago.定語從句 定語從句是在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子

12、。定語狀語從句狀語從句由連詞引導(dǎo)，在句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)成分，只起到連接的作用根據(jù)意義上的不同，狀語從句可分為下列幾種：時(shí)間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、方式狀語從句、條件狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、比較狀語從句等。狀語從句狀語從句由連詞引導(dǎo)，在句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)成分，只起到連接的作時(shí)間狀語從句I was walking when she called me.While mother was cooking, I was watching TV.She had worked in Shanghai before she came here.After he did his hom

13、ework, he went to bed.I have lived here since I graduated from university.時(shí)間狀語從句I was walking when she c地點(diǎn)狀語從句Where there is no rain , farming is difficult.She follows him wherever he goes.Where there is life , there is hope.Sit wherever you like.地點(diǎn)狀語從句Where there is no rain ,條件狀語從句If I had enough m

14、oney , I would buy a car.I will go there so long as he invites me.If only he has a chance , he will do great things.條件狀語從句If I had enough money , 原因狀語從句Because he was ill , he was absent yesterday.Since she has no time , she cant go with you.As you are busy , I wont waste your time.原因狀語從句Because he

15、was ill , he 方式狀語從句Please do as I do .Just as water is to fish , so air is to man . The child talks as if he were a man . 方式狀語從句Please do as I do .目的狀語從句He studied hard so that he might succeed.Take your rain coat in case it rains.Be quiet in case you (should) wake the baby.目的狀語從句He studied hard so that 結(jié)果狀語從句She worked so hard that she became rich in a very short time.The train was so full that I could hardly turn round.The stone is so heavy that nobody coul