美國(guó)統(tǒng)一合伙法(英漢對(duì)照)

1、美國(guó)統(tǒng)一合伙法（英漢對(duì)照）UniformPartnershipActPartIPRELIMINARYPROVISION統(tǒng)一合伙法第一章初步條款1.NameofActThisactmaybecitedasUniformPartnershipAct.第一條法律名稱本法可被引證為統(tǒng)一合伙法。2.DefinitionofTermsInthisact,Courtincludeseverycourtandjudgehavingjurisdictioninthecase.Businessincludeseverytrade,occupation,orprofession.Personincludesindi

2、viduals,partnerships,corporations,andotherassociations.BankruptincludesbankruptundertheFederalBankruptcyActorinsolventunderanystateinsolventact.Conveyanceincludeseveryassignment,lease,mortgage,orencumbrance.Realpropertyincludeslandandanyinterestorestateinland.第二條術(shù)語的定義在本法中，“法院”包括對(duì)一案件有管轄權(quán)的所有法院和法官?！吧虡I(yè)”

3、包括各種貿(mào)易、職業(yè)或?qū)I(yè)。“人”包括個(gè)人、合伙、公司和其他組織。“破產(chǎn)”包括根據(jù)聯(lián)邦破產(chǎn)法的破產(chǎn)或根據(jù)任何州破產(chǎn)法的破產(chǎn)。“讓與”包括各種轉(zhuǎn)讓、租借、抵押或留置。“不動(dòng)產(chǎn)”包括土地和任何與土地有關(guān)的利益或地上附著物。3.InterpretationofKnowledgeandNoticeApersonhasKnowledgeofafactwithinthemeaningofthisactnotonlywhenhehasactualknowledgethereof,butalsowhenhehasknowledgeofsuchotherfactsasinthecircumstancesshows

4、badfaith.ApersonhasnoticeofafactwithinthemeaningofthisactwhenthepersonwhoclaimsthebenefitofthenoticeStatesthefacttosuchperson,orDeliversthroughthemail,orbyothermeansofcommunication,awrittenstatementofthefacttosuchpersonortoaproperpersonathisplaceofbusinessorresidence.第三條對(duì)“知道”和“通知”的解釋本法中，一個(gè)人知道一個(gè)事實(shí)，不僅

5、包括他實(shí)際了解該事實(shí)，而且包括在環(huán)境顯示為惡意的情況下，他了解相關(guān)事實(shí)。在本法中，聲稱對(duì)一項(xiàng)通知有利益的人在下列情況下可被視為已通知了一項(xiàng)事實(shí)：（a）他對(duì)某人陳述了一事實(shí)G）他在其營(yíng)業(yè)地或居住地通過郵遞或者其他通訊方式將一事實(shí)的書面陳述遞送給某人或某一特定的人。4.RulesofConstructionTherulethatstatutesinderogationofthecommonlawaretobestrictlyconstruedshallhavenoapplicationtothisact.Thelawofestoppelshallapplyunderthisact.Thelawof

6、agencyshallapplyunderthisact.Thisactshallbesointerpretedandconstruedastoeffectitsgeneralpurposetomakeuniformthelawofthosestateswhichenactit.Thisactshallnotbeconstruedsoastoimpairtheobligationsofanycontractexistingwhentheactgoesintoeffect,nortoaffectanyactionorproceedingsbegunorrightaccruedbeforethis

7、acttakeseffect.第四條解釋規(guī)則(1)對(duì)背離普通法的成文法必須予以嚴(yán)格解釋的規(guī)則不適用于本法。(2)禁止反言的規(guī)則應(yīng)適用于本法。關(guān)于代理的規(guī)則適用于本法。本法的解釋應(yīng)符合下一目的即統(tǒng)一采納本法的各州的法律。對(duì)本法的解釋不能妨害任何在本法生效時(shí)已存在的合同的義務(wù)，也不能影響在本法生效前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或者正在進(jìn)行的訴訟或者程序。5.RulesforCasesNotProvidedforinthisActInanycasenotprovidedforinthisacttherulesoflawandequity,includingthelawmerchant,shallgovern.第五條適用

8、于本法未做規(guī)定情形的規(guī)則法律的和衡平的規(guī)則包括商人法將適用于本法未做規(guī)定的情形。PARTIINATUREOFPARTNERSHIP第二章合伙的本質(zhì)6.PartnershipDefined(1)Apartnershipisanassociationoftwoormorepersonstocarryonasco-ownersabusinessforprofit.Butanyassociationformedunderanyotherstatuteofthisstate,oranystatuteadoptedbyauthority,otherthantheauthorityofthisstate,i

9、snotapartnershipunderthisact,unlesssuchassociationwouldhavebeenapartnershipinthisstatepriortotheadoptionofthisact;butthisactshallapplytolimitedpartnershipsexceptinsofarasthestatuesrelatingtosuchpartnershipsareinconsistentherewith.第六條合伙的定義合伙是指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人以營(yíng)利為目的、而以共同所有人的身份經(jīng)營(yíng)一項(xiàng)商業(yè)的社團(tuán)。依據(jù)某州成文法或者依據(jù)某權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)而不是該州權(quán)

10、力機(jī)關(guān)所采用的法令而形成的社團(tuán)不是本法意義上的合伙，除非該社團(tuán)在該州采納本法之前已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)合伙；除與有限合伙法相矛盾外，本法適用于有限合伙。7.RuleforDeterminingtheExistenceofaPartnershipIndeterminingwhetherapartnershipexists,theserulesshallapply:ExceptasprovidedbySection16personswhoarenotpartnersastoeachotherarenotpartnersastothirdpersons.Jointtenancy,tenancyincommon

11、,tenancybytheentireties,jointproperty,commonproperty,orpartownershipdoesnotofitselfestablishapartnership,whethersuchco-ownersdoordonotshareanyprofitsmadebytheuseoftheproperty.Thesharingofgrossreturnsdoesnotofitselfestablishapartnership,whetherornotthepersonssharingthemhaveajointorcommonrightorintere

12、stinanypropertyfromwhichthereturnsarederived.Thereceiptbyapersonofashareoftheprofitsofabusinessisprimafacieevidencethatheisapartnerinthebusiness,butnosuchinferenceshallbedrawnifsuchprofitswerereceivedinpayment:Asadebtbyinstallmentsorotherwise,Aswagesofanemployeeorrenttoalandlord,Asanannuitytoawidowo

13、rrepresentativeofadeceasedpartner,Asinterestonaloan,thoughtheamountofpaymentvarywiththeprofitsofthebusiness.Astheconsiderationforthesaleofagoodwillofabusinessorotherpropertybyinstallmentsorotherwise.第七條認(rèn)定合伙存在的規(guī)則在認(rèn)定一合伙是否存在時(shí)，下列規(guī)則應(yīng)予以適用：（1）除第十六條的規(guī)定外，彼此不是合伙人的人對(duì)第三人而言，不是合伙人。同租賃、普通租賃、完全租賃、共同財(cái)產(chǎn)、普通財(cái)產(chǎn)或者部分所有本身不

14、構(gòu)成合伙，不論共有人是否分享使用該財(cái)產(chǎn)所產(chǎn)生的利益。分享毛利本身不構(gòu)成合伙，不論分享該利潤(rùn)的人對(duì)產(chǎn)生該利潤(rùn)的財(cái)產(chǎn)是否享有共同或普通權(quán)利或利益。某人因獲得某一商業(yè)利益的一份而開出的收條，構(gòu)成他作為該商業(yè)的一個(gè)合伙人的初步證據(jù)，但是如果該利益以下列報(bào)酬的形式獲得則不能得出上述推論：分期或其他方式的償還債務(wù)，作為某一雇員的工資或支付給某一地主的租金，支付給某一已故合伙人的遺孀或代表的養(yǎng)老金，作為某一貸款的利息，即使其金額隨該商業(yè)的盈利情況的變化而變化，因善意出售該商業(yè)或其他財(cái)產(chǎn)所得的以分期付款或其他方式表現(xiàn)的對(duì)價(jià)。8.PartnershipPropertyAllpropertyoriginallyb

15、roughtintothepartnershipstockorsubsequentlyacquiredbypurchaseorotherwise,onaccountofthepartnership,ispartnershipproperty.Unlessthecontraryintentionappears,propertyacquiredwithpartnershipfundsispartnershipproperty.Anyestateinrealpropertymaybeacquiredinthepartnershipname.Titlesoacquiredcanbeconveyedon

16、lyinthepartnershipname.Aconveyancetoapartnershipinthepartnershipname,thoughwithoutwordsofinheritance,passestheentireestateofthegrantorunlessacontraryintentappears.第八條合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)（1）所有基于合伙形成的財(cái)產(chǎn)，不論是最初被帶入合伙股份的財(cái)產(chǎn)還是后來通過購(gòu)買或其他方式獲得的財(cái)產(chǎn)，均屬于合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)。除非有相反的意思表示，通過合伙基金獲得的財(cái)產(chǎn)是合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)。任何不動(dòng)產(chǎn)上的利益均可能以合伙的名義獲得。以這種方式獲得的權(quán)利只能以合伙的名義進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)讓。除

17、非有相反的意思表示，即使沒有遺產(chǎn)宣告，以合伙名義獲得的一項(xiàng)讓與擁有讓與人對(duì)該讓與財(cái)產(chǎn)享有的所有權(quán)益。PARTmRELATIONSOFPARTNERSTOPERSONSDEALINGWITHTHEPARTNERSHIPVr.第三章合伙人與同合伙交易的人的關(guān)系9PartnerAgentofPartnershipastoPartnershipBusinessEverypartnerisanagentofthepartnershipforthepurposeofitsbusiness,andtheactofeverypartner,includingtheexecutioninthepartnersh

18、ipnameofanyinstrument,forapparentlycarryingonintheusualwaythebusinessofthepartnershipofpartnersoactinghasinfactnoauthoritytoactforwhichheisamemberbindsthepartnership,unlessthepartnersoactinghasinfactnoauthoritytoactforthepartnershipintheparticularmatter,andthepersonwithwhomheisdealinghasknowledgeoft

19、hefactthathehasnosuchauthority.Anactofapartnerwhichisnotapparentlyforthecarryingonofthebusinessofthepartnershipintheusualwaydoesnotbindthepartnershipunlessauthorizedbytheotherpartners.Unlessauthorizedbytheotherpartnersorunlesstheyhaveabandonedthebusiness,oneormorebutlessthanallthepartnershavenoautho

20、rityto:Assignthepartnershippropertyintrustforcreditorsorontheassigneespromisetopaythedebtsofthepartnership,Disposeofthegoodwillofthebusiness,Doanyotheractwhichwouldmakeitimpossibletocarryontheordinarybusinessofapartnership,Confessajudgment,Submitapartnershipclaimorliabilitytoarbitrationorreference.N

21、oactofapartnerincontraventionofarestrictiononauthorityshallbindthepartnershiptopersonshavingknowledgeoftherestriction.第九條合伙人對(duì)合伙事務(wù)的代理為了合伙的利益，每一個(gè)合伙人都是合伙的代理人。各合伙人的行為，包括以合伙的名義執(zhí)行的任何文件，明顯地以通常方式執(zhí)行合伙業(yè)務(wù)的行為均約束合伙，除非在特定事務(wù)中該合伙人實(shí)際上無權(quán)執(zhí)行合伙業(yè)務(wù)并且與其進(jìn)行交易的人已經(jīng)知道該合伙人無權(quán)在特定事務(wù)上執(zhí)行合伙業(yè)務(wù)。除非獲得其他合伙人的授權(quán)，一合伙人非以通常方式執(zhí)行合伙業(yè)務(wù)的行為并不約束合伙。除非獲

22、得其他合伙人的授權(quán)或者其他合伙人已經(jīng)退伙，一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上但未達(dá)到合伙人總數(shù)的合伙人無權(quán)進(jìn)行下列行為：為債權(quán)人利益分配合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)或者承諾償還合伙債務(wù)，善意處理合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)，可能使執(zhí)行合伙的普通事務(wù)成為不可能的任何其他行為，為一項(xiàng)判決作證，為仲裁或公證人裁定出具一份合伙聲明或承擔(dān)責(zé)任。（4）違背了權(quán)力限制的合伙人的行為不能使合伙受已經(jīng)知道該權(quán)力限制的人的行為的約束。10.ConveyanceofRealPropertyofthePartnershipWheretitletorealpropertyisinthepartnershipname,anypartnermayconveytitletosuchp

23、ropertybyaconveyanceexecutedinthepartnershipname;butthepartnershipmayrecoversuchpropertyunlessthepartnersactbindsthepartnershipundertheprovisionsofparagraph(1)ofsection9orunlesssuchpropertyhasbeenconveyedbythegranteeorapersonclaimingthroughsuchgranteetoaholderforvaluewithoutknowledgethatthepartner,i

24、nmakingtheconveyance,hasexceededhisauthority.Wheretitletorealpropertyisinthenameofthepartnership,aconveyanceexecutedbyapartner,inhisownname,passestheequitableinterestofthepartnership,providedtheactisonewithintheauthorityofthepartnerundertheprovisionsofparagraph(1)ofsection9.Wheretitletorealpropertyi

25、sinthenameofoneormorebutnotallthepartners,andtherecorddoesnotdisclosetherightofthepartnership,thepartnersinwhosenamethetitlestandsmayconveytitletosuchproperty,butthepartnershipmayrecoversuchpropertyifthepartnersactdoesnotbindthepartnershipundertheprovisionsofparagraph(1)ofsection9,unlessthepurchaser

26、ofhisassignee,isaholderforvalue,withoutknowledge.Wherethetitletorealpropertyisinthenameofoneormoreorallthepartners,orinathirdpersonintrustforthepartnership,aconveyanceexecutedbyapartnerinthepartnershipmane,orinhoeownname,passestheequitableinterestofthepartnership,providedtheactisonewithintheauthorit

27、yofthepartnerundertheprovisionsofparagraph(1)ofsection9.Wherethetitletorealpropertyisinthenamesofallthepartnersaconveyanceexecutedbyallthepartnerspassesalltheirrightsinsuchproperty.第十章合伙不動(dòng)產(chǎn)的讓與任何合伙人均可以合伙的名義轉(zhuǎn)讓一項(xiàng)不動(dòng)產(chǎn)，只要該項(xiàng)不動(dòng)產(chǎn)是以合伙名義所有；但是合伙也可以收回該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)，除非根據(jù)第九條第一款，做出轉(zhuǎn)讓的合伙人的行為已約束了合伙或者該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)已被受讓人轉(zhuǎn)讓，或者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)讓主張權(quán)利的人不知道做

28、出轉(zhuǎn)讓的合伙人超越了其執(zhí)行合伙業(yè)務(wù)的權(quán)限。只要轉(zhuǎn)讓的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)名義上歸合伙所有，并且該轉(zhuǎn)讓行為根據(jù)本法第九條第一款屬于該合伙人的權(quán)限范圍，貝y出于衡平的考慮，由一合伙人以其名義進(jìn)行的轉(zhuǎn)讓所獲的利益應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)歸合伙所有。只要被轉(zhuǎn)讓的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)名義上歸一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上但未達(dá)到全體的合伙人所有，而且記錄并未顯示合伙的權(quán)利，貝以其名義享有不動(dòng)產(chǎn)的合伙人可以轉(zhuǎn)讓該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)，但是如果根據(jù)本法第九條第一款的規(guī)定，做出轉(zhuǎn)讓的合伙人的轉(zhuǎn)讓行為不約束合伙，貝合伙可以對(duì)已被轉(zhuǎn)讓的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)恢復(fù)其權(quán)利，除非該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)的購(gòu)買人或受讓人是付出價(jià)金的善意占有人。只要被轉(zhuǎn)讓的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)歸一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上但未達(dá)到全體的合伙人所有，或者歸合伙指定的作為信托財(cái)

29、產(chǎn)受托人的第三人所有，而且轉(zhuǎn)讓行為根據(jù)本法第九條第一款的規(guī)定屬于該合伙人的權(quán)限范圍，貝由一合伙人以其自己或以合伙的名義做出的轉(zhuǎn)讓均享有合伙的利益。只要全體合伙人以其名義享有被轉(zhuǎn)讓的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)，貝全體合伙人對(duì)該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)所有的一切權(quán)利在轉(zhuǎn)讓中一并讓與。11.PartnershipBoundbyAdmissionofPartnerAnadmissionorrepresentationmadebyanypartnerconcerningpartnershipaffairswithinthescopeofhisauthorityasconferredbythisactisevidenceagainstthep

30、artnership.第十一條合伙人的陳述約束合伙依據(jù)本法，由一合伙人在其權(quán)限范圍內(nèi)做出的涉及合伙事務(wù)的一項(xiàng)陳述構(gòu)成約束合伙的證據(jù)。12.PartnershipChargedwithKnowledgeoforNoticetoPartnerNoticetoanypartnerofanymatterrelatingtopartnershipaffairs,andtheknowledgeofthepartneractingintheparticularmatter,acquiredwhileapartnerorthenpresenttohismind,andtheknowledgeofanyothe

31、rpartnerwhoreasonablycouldandshouldhavecommunicatedittotheactingpartner,operateasnoticetoorknowledgeofthepartnership,exceptinthecaseofafraudonthepartnershipcommittedbyorwiththeconsentofthatpartner.第十二條對(duì)合伙知道或了解合伙人的指控對(duì)一合伙人關(guān)于合伙事務(wù)的任何事件的通知和執(zhí)行特定事務(wù)的合伙人的了解以及合理的能夠并且應(yīng)該與執(zhí)行合伙事務(wù)的合伙人進(jìn)行溝通的其他合伙人的了解，構(gòu)成合伙的通知或了解，除非合伙人

32、親自進(jìn)行或在其同意下的行為構(gòu)成了對(duì)合伙的欺詐。13.PartnershipBoundbyPartnersWrongfulActWhere,byanywrongfulactoromissionofanypartneractingintheordinarycourseofthebusinessofthepartnershiporwiththeauthorityofhisco-partners,lossorinjuryiscausedtoanyperson,notbeingapartnerinthepartnership,oranypenaltyisincurred,thepartnershipis

33、liabletherefortothesameextentasthepartnersoactingoromittingtoact.第十三條合伙人的錯(cuò)誤行為約束合伙因?yàn)橐缓匣锶嗽趫?zhí)行合伙事務(wù)的通常過程中或與其共同合伙人的職權(quán)有關(guān)的錯(cuò)誤行為或不作為，而導(dǎo)致對(duì)非合伙人的其他人的損失或傷害或引起處罰，則合伙與做出上述錯(cuò)誤行為或不作為的合伙人承擔(dān)相同程度上的責(zé)任。14.PartnershipBoundbyPartnersBreachofTrustThepartnershipisboundtomakegoodtheloss:Whereonepartneractingwithinthescopeofhisa

34、pparentauthorityreceivesmoneyorpropertyofathirdpersonandthemisappliesit;andWherethepartnershipinthecourseofitsbusinessreceivesmoneyorpropertyofathirdpersonandthemoneyorpropertysoreceivedismisappliedbyanypartnerwhileitisinthecustodyofthepartnership.第十四條合伙受合伙人違反信用的約束合伙必須賠償下列損失：（a）當(dāng)在其明示權(quán)限范圍內(nèi)行事的一合伙人接受了第

35、三人的金錢或其他財(cái)產(chǎn)并對(duì)其濫用；以及b）合伙在其存續(xù)期間接受了第三人的金錢或其他財(cái)產(chǎn)，而合伙人在上述被接收的金錢或其他財(cái)產(chǎn)處于合伙的保管之下時(shí)對(duì)其加以濫用。15.NatureofPartnersLiabilityAllpartnersareliableJointlyandseverallyforeverythingchargeabletothepartnershipundersections13and14.Jointlyforallotherdebtsandobligationsofthepartnership;butanypartnermayenterintoaseparateobligat

36、iontoperformapartnershipcontract.第十五條合伙人責(zé)任的實(shí)質(zhì)所有合伙人都必須對(duì)（a）根據(jù)本法第十三條和第十四條對(duì)合伙提起指控的任何事承擔(dān)連帶和個(gè)人責(zé)任；（b）合伙的所有債務(wù)和義務(wù)負(fù)連帶責(zé)任；但是一合伙人可能為履行一項(xiàng)合伙合同而承擔(dān)個(gè)人責(zé)任。16.PartnerbyEstoppel(1)Whenaperson,bywordsspokenorwrittenorbyconduct,representshimself,orconsentstoanotherrepresentinghimtoanyone,asapartnerinanexistingpartnershipor

37、withoneormorepersonsnoractualpartners,heisliabletoanysuchpersontowhomsuchrepresentationhasbeenmade,whohas,onthefaithofsuchrepresentation,givencredittotheactualorapparentpartnership,andifhehasmadesuchrepresentationorconsentedtoitsbeingmadeinapublicmannerheisliabletosuchperson,whethertherepresentation

38、hasorhasnotbeenmadeorcommunicatedtosuchpersonsogivingcreditbyorwiththeknowledgeoftheapparentpartnermakingtherepresentationorconsentingtoitsbeingmade.Whenapartnershipliabilityresults,heisliableasthoughhewereanactualmemberofthepartnership.Whennopartnershipliabilityresults,heisliablejointlywiththeother

39、persons,ifany,soconsentingtothecontractorrepresentationastoincurliability,otherwiseseparately.(2)Whenapersonhasbeenthusrepresentedtobeapartnerinanexistingpartnership,orwithoneormorepersonsnotactualpartners,heisanagentofthepersonsconsentingtosuchrepresentationtobindthemtothesameextentandinthesamemann

40、erasthoughhewereapartnerinfact,withrespecttopersonswhorelyupontherepresentation.Whereallthemembersoftheexistingpartnershipconsenttotherepresentation,apartnershipactorobligationresults;butinallothercasesitisthejointactorobligationofthepersonactingandthepersonsconsentingtotherepresentation.第十六條對(duì)合伙人的禁止

41、反言一個(gè)人作為處于存續(xù)期間的一個(gè)合伙的合伙人之一，其單獨(dú)或者與不是真正合伙人的一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的其他人一起，通過他自己的口頭表達(dá)或書面語言或行為，或者同意他人對(duì)外代表自己來做出意思表示，則該人必須對(duì)善意相信其意思表示并已對(duì)現(xiàn)存或顯然合伙提供借貸的人承擔(dān)責(zé)任，而且如果他已經(jīng)公開地親自做出意思表示或同意他人代表自己做出意思表示，則不論其是否已對(duì)基于做出或同意做出意思表示的顯然合伙人的同意才向合伙提供借貸的人做出過或傳達(dá)過意思表示，他都必須對(duì)向合伙提供借貸的人承擔(dān)責(zé)任。如果上述情形導(dǎo)致合伙責(zé)任，則他必須承擔(dān)責(zé)任，就如同他是該合伙的真實(shí)成員。如果上述情形沒有導(dǎo)致合伙責(zé)任，則他必須與同意導(dǎo)致合伙責(zé)任的合同

42、或意思表示的其他人一起承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任，如果有其他人的話，否則承擔(dān)單獨(dú)責(zé)任。如果一個(gè)人或與一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上非事實(shí)合伙人一起，已經(jīng)被陳述為一現(xiàn)存合伙的的合伙人，則對(duì)信賴該意思表示的人而言，他在同一程度上并以同一方式成為同意受該陳述約束的人的代理人，就如同他是事實(shí)上的合伙人一樣。如果一個(gè)現(xiàn)存合伙的所有合伙人都同意該陳述，則一項(xiàng)合伙行為或合伙債務(wù)產(chǎn)生；但是在其他任何情況下，做出該陳述的人的或同意該陳述的人對(duì)該陳述負(fù)連帶責(zé)任。17.LiabilityofIncomingPartnerApersonadmittedasapartnerintoanexistingpartnershipisliableforal

43、ltheobligationsofthepartnershiparisingbeforehisadmissionasthoughhehadbeenapartnerwhensuchobligationswereincurred,exceptthatthisliabilityshallbesatisfiedonlyoutofpartnershipproperty.第十七條新合伙人的責(zé)任一個(gè)被允許加入一個(gè)現(xiàn)有合伙的人對(duì)其入伙前合伙組織的債務(wù)承擔(dān)責(zé)任，如同他在該債務(wù)發(fā)生時(shí)就已經(jīng)是合伙人之一，除非僅憑合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)就能清償該債務(wù)。PARTRELATIONSOFPARTNERSTOONEANOTHER合伙人之間

44、的關(guān)系18.RulesDeterminingRightsandDutiesofPartnersTherightsanddutiesofthepartnersinrelationtothepartnershipshallbedetermined,subjecttoanyagreementbetweenthem,bythefollowingrules:Eachpartnershallberepaidhiscontributions,whetherbywayofcapitaloradvancestothepartnershippropertyandshareequallyintheprofitsan

45、dsurplusremainingafterallliabilities,includingthosetopartners,aresatisfied;andmustcontributetowardthelosses,whetherofcapitalorotherwise,sustainedbythepartnershipaccordingtohisshareintheprofits.Thepartnershipmustindemnifyeverypartnerinrespectofpaymentsmadeandpersonalliabilitiesreasonablyincurredbyhim

46、intheordinaryandproperconductofitsbusiness,orforthepreservationofitsbusinessorproperty.Apartner,whoinaidofthepartnershipmakesanypaymentoradvancebeyondtheamountofcapitalwhichheagreedtocontribute,shallbepaidinterestfromthedateofthepaymentoradvance.Apartnershallreceiveinterestonthecapitalcontributedbyh

47、imonlyfromthedatewhenrepaymentshouldbemade.Allpartnershaveequalrightsinthemanagementandconductofthepartnershipbusiness.Nopartnerisentitledtoremunerationforactinginthepartnershipbusiness,exceptthatasurvivingpartnerisentitledtoreasonablecompensationforhisservicesinwindingupthepartnershipaffairs.Nopers

48、oncanbecomeamemberofapartnershipwithouttheconsentofallthepartners.Anydifferencearisingastoordinarymattersconnectedwiththepartnershipbusinessmaybedecidedbyamajorityofthepartners;butnoactincontraventionofanyagreementbetweenthepartnersmaybedonerightfullywithouttheconsentofallthepartners.第十八條決定合伙人之間的權(quán)利和

49、義務(wù)關(guān)系的規(guī)則合伙人之間就合伙組織的權(quán)利和義務(wù)關(guān)系，根據(jù)他們之間的任何協(xié)定由下列規(guī)則決定：在合伙的所有債務(wù)包括對(duì)合伙人的債務(wù)獲得清償后，各合伙人對(duì)合伙做出的貢獻(xiàn)應(yīng)得到回報(bào)，平等地分享合伙的利潤(rùn)和盈余，不論該貢獻(xiàn)以合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)的資本金或預(yù)付款的形式做出；并且根據(jù)他在合伙利潤(rùn)中獲得的份額來彌補(bǔ)合伙資本或其他方面的損失。合伙必須就合伙人因其在執(zhí)行合伙事務(wù)時(shí)的普通和適當(dāng)行為或者為合伙事務(wù)或財(cái)產(chǎn)而做出的合理支付和個(gè)人債務(wù)而賠償各合伙人。為了幫助合伙而做出的任何支付或預(yù)付款超過了他同意分?jǐn)偟馁Y金數(shù)額的合伙人，應(yīng)該自做出支付或預(yù)付款之日起得到利息。各合伙人應(yīng)該僅自其應(yīng)支付款項(xiàng)之日起，就其支付的資金收取利息。就合

50、伙事務(wù)的管理和行為，所有合伙人享有同等的權(quán)利。沒有合伙人能因其執(zhí)行合伙事務(wù)而得到報(bào)酬，但是為結(jié)束合伙事務(wù)而付出服務(wù)的合伙人應(yīng)就其服務(wù)而得到合理報(bào)酬。未經(jīng)所有合伙人的同意則不能成為合伙的成員之一。就與合伙事務(wù)有關(guān)的日常事件而引起的任何爭(zhēng)議，可由多數(shù)合伙人決定；但是未經(jīng)所有合伙人的同意，則做出違反合伙人之間的任何協(xié)議的行為是不正當(dāng)?shù)摹?9.PartnershipBooksThepartnershipbooksshallbekept,subjecttoanyagreementbetweenthepartners,attheprincipalplaceofbusinessofthepartnershi

51、p,andeverypartnershallatalltimeshaveaccesstoandmayinspectandcopyanyofthem.第十九條合伙協(xié)議書根據(jù)合伙人之間的任何協(xié)定，合伙協(xié)議書應(yīng)置于合伙的主營(yíng)業(yè)地，并且不論何時(shí)各合伙人都應(yīng)有權(quán)獲取、檢查、復(fù)印合伙協(xié)議書的任何部分。20.DutyofPartnerstoRenderInformationPartnersshallrenderondemandtrueandfullinformationofallthingsaffectingthepartnershiptoanypartnerorthelegalrepresentative

52、ofanydeceasedpartnerorpartnerunderlegaldisability.第二十條合伙人的信息匯報(bào)義務(wù)一經(jīng)請(qǐng)求，合伙人應(yīng)向其他合伙人或已故合伙人或無行為能力合伙人的合法代表匯報(bào)影響合伙的所有事情的真實(shí)和充分信息。21.PartnerAccountableasaFiduciaryEverypartnermustaccounttothepartnershipforanybenefit,andholdastrusteeforitanyprofitsderivedbyhimwithouttheconsentoftheotherpartnersfromanytransactio

53、nconnectedwiththeformation,conduct,orliquidationofthepartnershipoffromanyusebyhimofitsproperty.Thissectionappliesalsototherepresentativesofadeceasedpartnerengagedintheliquidationoftheaffairsofthepartnershipasthepersonalrepresentativesofthelastsurvivingpartner.第二十一條作為受托人的合伙人的責(zé)任各合伙人必須對(duì)合伙匯報(bào)收益，并作為其未經(jīng)其他合

54、伙人同意而就合伙的形成、行為、清算而進(jìn)行的任何交易或者其利用合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)而產(chǎn)生的利潤(rùn)的托管人。本條同樣適用于一位已故合伙人的代表，其作為最后合伙人的個(gè)人代表參加合伙事務(wù)的清算。22.RighttoanAccountAnypartnershallhavetherighttoaformalaccountastopartnershipaffairs:Ifheiswrongfullyexcludedformthepartnershipbusinessorpossessionofitspropertybyhiscopartners,Iftherightexistsunderthetermsofanyagre

55、ement,AsprovidedbySection21,Wheneverothercircumstancesrenderitjustandreasonable.第二十二條對(duì)帳目的權(quán)利在下列情況下，各合伙人應(yīng)有權(quán)要求查閱關(guān)于合伙業(yè)務(wù)的正式賬簿：如果他被其共同合伙人錯(cuò)誤地排除在執(zhí)行合伙業(yè)務(wù)或?qū)匣镓?cái)產(chǎn)的占有之外如果任何協(xié)定的條款已規(guī)定了本項(xiàng)權(quán)利，根據(jù)本法第二十一條的規(guī)定，表明享有本項(xiàng)權(quán)利是正當(dāng)和合理的其他情況。23.ContinuationofPartnershipBeyondFixedTermWhenapartnershipforafixedtermorparticularundertaking

56、iscontinuedaftertheterminationofsuchtermorparticularundertakingwithoutanyexpressagreement,therightsanddutiesofthepartnersremainthesameastheywereatsuchtermination,sofarasisconsistentwithapartnershipatwill.Acontinuationofthebusinessbythepartnersorsuchofthemashabituallyactedthereinduringtheterm,without

57、anysettlementorliquidationofthepartnershipaffairs,isprimafacieevidenceofacontinuationofthepartnership.第二十三條期限屆滿后合伙的繼續(xù)一個(gè)定期的合伙或?yàn)樘囟?xiàng)目設(shè)立的合伙，在其期限屆滿或項(xiàng)目完成后，在沒有任何明示協(xié)議的情況下，如果其繼續(xù)存在下去，只要與任意性合伙不相沖突，各合伙人的權(quán)利、義務(wù)與合伙期限屆滿時(shí)或項(xiàng)目完成時(shí)相同。所有或一部分合伙人習(xí)慣性地執(zhí)行合伙事務(wù)，并且未對(duì)合伙事務(wù)進(jìn)行任何結(jié)算或清算，就構(gòu)成合伙延續(xù)的初步證據(jù)。PARTVPROPERTYRIGHTSOFAPARTNER合伙人的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)

58、24.ExtentofPropertyRightsofaPartnerThepropertyrightsofapartnerare(1)hisrightsinspecificpartnershipproperty,(2)hisinterestinthepartnership,and(3)hisrighttoparticipateinthemanagement.第二十四條合伙人的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)的范圍合伙人的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)包括（1）他對(duì)特定合伙財(cái)產(chǎn)享有的權(quán)利，（2）合伙收益，以及（3）參加管理合伙事務(wù)的權(quán)利。25.NatureofaPartnersRightinSpecificPartnershipPropert

59、yApartnerisco-ownerwithhispartnersofspecificpartnershippropertyholdingasatenantinpartnership.Theincidentsofthistenancyaresuchthat:Apartner,subjecttotheprovisionsofthisactandtoanyagreementbetweenthepartners,hasanequalrightwithhispartnerstopossessspecificpartnershippropertyforpartnershippurposes;buthe

60、hasnorighttopossesssuchpropertyforanyotherpurposewithouttheconsentofhispartners.Apartnersrightinspecificpartnershippropertyisnotassignableexceptinconnectionwiththeassignmentofrightsofallthepartnersinthesameproperty.Apartnersrightinspecificpartnershippropertyisnotsubjecttoattachmentorexecution,except