2012廣東高考英語試題及詳解_A卷

1、2012年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（廣東卷）A英  語I 語言知識及應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）    閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從115各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be _1_ to other people. It is also right to look after the environmen

2、t. Some things are _2_ wrong, too. For instance, we should not hurt or bully(欺負(fù)) others, nor should we litter. Rules often tell us what is right or wrong.Rules can help the public make the right _3_, and remain safe. Car divers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do o

3、n the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent _4_.If people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be _5_ for them to form what is sometimes called a “black and white” view. For example, they may believe that people shou

4、ld always tell the truth, and that lying is _6_ acceptable. Such people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may get into _7_.Sometimes it may not be so easy to know _8_ what is right or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is _9_ to eat animals,

5、but other argue that they can eat meat and _10_ be kind to animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel so _11_ when stealing some food to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is _12_.Rules help us live together in harmony, because they

6、 show us the right way to _13_ others. However, some people argue that rules may be _14_, having observed that rules change all the time, and that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones so who is to _15_ what is right ?1. A. kind       &#

7、160;      B .sensitive        C. fair             D. generous2. A. equally           B. slightly  &#

8、160;      C. clearly          D. increasingly3. A. suggestionsB. conclusions    C. turns            D. choices4. A. accidentsB mistakes 

9、0;    C. falls            D. deaths5. A. interesting      B. vital            C. easy       

10、60;     D. valuable6 .A. seldom            B. rarely           C. merely           D. never7. A. trouble 

11、          B. power            C. prison           D. exactly9. A. awful          

12、0;  B. cruel            C. unhealthy        D. unnecessary10. A. still            B. even       

13、;      C. later            D. somehow11. A. nervous  B. anxious          C. afraid           D. guil

14、ty12. A. begging   B. staving          C. growing          D. wandering13. A. follow           B. instruct     

15、;    C. treat            D. protect14. A. disgustingB. confusing C. unsafe           D. unimportant15. A. predict        

16、;  B. explain          C. decide           D. consider本文就rule是否有助于人們判斷是非做出議論。從正反兩方面議論，首先說明rule在很多方面都是有利的，然后說明因為不同的地方或個人有不同的rule導(dǎo)致依賴rule做決定也不是易事。1. A 根據(jù)后文look after the environment以及反面觀點

17、的hurt 和bully可知，此處應(yīng)該為kind 友善。2. C 與第一句some things are obviously right相對應(yīng)，選擇obviously的近義詞clearly。3. D 由常識和下句 “tell them the right things to do on the road”可知，規(guī)章是告訴人們對該如何做作出正確“選擇”。4. A 由常識和上文提到的avoid crashes 避免碰撞可知，此處應(yīng)選擇prevent accidents 防止意外。5. C 由邏輯推斷可知，如果人們遵守規(guī)章而不用考慮其他事情，他們就很“easy”形成“黑白”觀。6. D 因

18、tell the truth與lying相對，而與always相對的應(yīng)是never。A. seldom 很少 B. vital 至關(guān)重要的 C. merely 僅僅 7. A 此處表達(dá)堅持“黑白觀”的人很容易惹麻煩。B. get into power 搭配不當(dāng)C. get into prison 坐牢（過于嚴(yán)重）D. get into control 控制8. D 由下面的例子可知，有時很難“確切地”區(qū)分正確與錯誤。9. B 由but可知，應(yīng)選與下文中kind相對的cruel殘忍。A. awful糟糕的 10. D 表達(dá)另一種吃肉人的觀點。雖然吃肉，但是會以某種方式（somehow）對動物友善

19、。11. D 偷東西應(yīng)有“犯罪感”，即感到內(nèi)疚的(guilty)。12. B 根據(jù)上文條件：不用感到內(nèi)疚和罪惡感和如果他住在一個很窮的地方可知，此處選擇starving 饑餓。13. C 由因果關(guān)系可知，“規(guī)章制度有助于我們和睦相處，因為規(guī)章制度告訴我們“對待 treat”他人的正確方式”。A. follow 跟隨 B. instruct 指導(dǎo)；教導(dǎo) D. protect 保護(hù)14. B 由最后一句“that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones”可知，規(guī)章制度也可能是“令人困惑的”。A. disgu

20、sting 惡心的 C. unsafe不安全的 D. unimportant 不重要的15. C 既然不同學(xué)校的規(guī)章不同，該由誰來“評判、判決 decide”什么是正確的rule。第二節(jié)   語法填空 （共10小題 ，每小題1.5分 ，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用口號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號為1625的相應(yīng)位置上。Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one da

21、y, _16_ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he _17_ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18_ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was pro

22、bably the fact that she sat in _19_ last row.    _20_ he thought he cloud escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little _21_ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course when

23、ever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _22_ made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.” “Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The

24、 new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do. Then he took _25_ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool”.16. wearing 逗號前出現(xiàn)謂語動詞appeared 因此wear為非謂語，he與wear是主動，因此選擇V-ing。17. had bought 在主格人稱代詞he后，顯然是作謂語；又因他不是真的買下了這個學(xué)校，故應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，與過去事實相反，故

25、填had bought。18. pleased 在系動詞felt后作表語，表示女孩很開心可以有個高富帥坐自己旁邊。那么多位置他不選，卻偏偏坐在自己身邊，雖然后來發(fā)現(xiàn)原來是因為自己坐在最后一排而有點失望。19. the 特指最后的那一排，或在序數(shù)詞前，用定冠詞。20. Although /Though 因he thought與he was wrong是兩個句子，且兩者之間沒有關(guān)聯(lián)詞，必定是填關(guān)聯(lián)詞；根據(jù)兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，應(yīng)填表示讓步的“盡管，雖然”。21. harder 作賓補(bǔ)依然是要用形容詞，所以不作詞類轉(zhuǎn)換，可考慮比較級；句中a little修飾比較級harder，表示“更難一點”。22.

26、 which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是前面整個句子。23. for 表示某個動詞或狀態(tài)延續(xù)了多久，用“for +時間段”。24. what 引導(dǎo)賓語從句并在從句中作do的賓語，故用連接代詞。25. them 代替前面的those glasses，作took off的賓語，用人稱代詞的賓格，前文提到didnt wear them，可知，不用it 用them。閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)  閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A“Have a nice day!” may be

27、 a pleasant gesture or a meaningless. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.“Have a nice day. Next!” This version of the expression is spoken by a s

28、alesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone (腔調(diào)) with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone elses is the managements attempt to increase business.The expression is one o

29、f those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we dont know what to say “oh, you may have a tooth out? Im terribly sorry, but have a nice day.

30、”The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence excep

31、t that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, its nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really dont care all that

32、 much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.26. How does the author understand Maxies words?A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.B. Maxie really wishes the author a good day.C. Maxie encourages the author

33、to stay happyD. Maxie really worries about the authors security.27. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A. The salesgirl is rude.           B. The salesgirl is bored.C. The salesgirl cares about me.    D. The sal

34、esgirl says the words as a routine.28. By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may _.A. try to be polite to you          B. express respect to youC. give his blessing to you         D. share his pleasure w

35、ith you29. According to the last paragraph, people say “Have a nice day”_.A. sincerely           B. as thanks    C. as a habit  D. encouragingly30. What is the best title of the passage?A. Have a Nice Daya Social Custom.B. Have a

36、Nice Daya Pleasant Gesture.C. Have a Nice Daya Heart-warming Greeting.D. Have a Nice Daya Polite Ending of a Conversation.記敘文。本文主要介紹了人們相互之間常說 “Have a nice day”這一習(xí)慣。26. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后兩句可知，特別是“cares about me and wishes me well”可知選擇wishes the author a good day27. D 句意理解題。由第二段最后一句可知。routine 常規(guī)；習(xí)慣。28. A

37、細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段可知，特別是 “has tried to be nice to you”即strangers應(yīng)該表達(dá)一種禮貌而已。29. C 深層理解題。由第一句(特別是custom一詞)和最后一段的最后兩句(While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.)可知，人們常說 “Have a nice day”已成為一種習(xí)慣了。30. A 主旨大意題。由最后一段，特別是該段的第一句(特別

38、是custom一詞)可知。BI have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly. As a doctor, mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it, from the babys point of view.Mothers, doctors and nurse alike have no idea of where a babys blood sugar level lies. All we kn

39、ow is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed. In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible. The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a four-hourly

40、 feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied. The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock-watching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King, who was against feeding in the night. Ive never heard anything so ridiculous. Baby feeding shouldnt follow a timetable set by the mum. What is important is

41、feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.Well, at last we have copper-bottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding. The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at sch

42、ool at age 5, 7, 11 and 14, than babies fed according to the clock. By the age of 8, their IQ（智商）scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable. This Research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample（樣本）of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s, taking acco

43、unt of parental education, family income, a childs sex and age, the mothers health and feeling style. These results dont surprise me. Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.I hope this research will put an e

44、nd to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices.31. According to Paragraph 2, one reason why a baby cries is that it feels_.A. sick         B. upset       C. sleepy       D. hungry32. What does the author thi

45、nk about Dr King?A. He is strict.               B. He is unkind.C. He has the wrong idea.D. He sets a timetable for mothers.33. The word “copper-bottomed” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.A. basic B. reliable

46、60;    C. surprising       D. interesting34. What does the research tell us about feeding a baby on demand?A. The baby will sleep well.B. The baby will have its brain harmed.C. The baby will have a low blood sugar level.D. The baby will grow to be wi

47、ser by the age of 8.35. The author supports deeding the baby_.A. in the night              B. every four hoursC. whenever it wants food    D. according to its blood sugar level議論文。提出論點feeding a baby regularly不正確。然后提

48、出論據(jù)證明我們應(yīng)該禁止定時喂養(yǎng)孩子。31. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)easily annoyed 和the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible 可知，孩子哭是因為他們很難平靜下來，因此選擇upset 不安的，煩躁的。32. C 推理判斷題。由第三段第三句Ive never heard anything so ridiculous ( 荒謬可笑的)以及本文最后一句可知。33. B 詞義猜測題。由第四段的具體描述可知。34. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第三句 “By the age of 8, their IQ（智商）s

49、cores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable”可知。35. C 由本文的第一句(I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly)就提出觀點，“反對定期喂嬰兒”，最后一句(I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices)希望結(jié)束主張嚴(yán)格按時喂養(yǎng)的習(xí)慣。既然“不定期”，也就是按嬰兒需要喂養(yǎng)，故選

50、C。CI was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known. I refused to use a white stick and hated asking for help. After all, I was a teenager girl, and I couldnt bear people to look at me and think I was not like them. I must have been a terrible danger on the roads, coming across me wandering thro

51、ugh the traffic; motorists probably would have to step rapidly on their brakes. Apart from that, there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.One evening, I got off the bus about halfway home where I had to change buses, and as usual I ran into something. “Im awfu

52、lly sorry,” I said and stepped forward only to run into it again. When it happened a third time, I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost. This was just one of the stupid things that constantly happened to me. So I carried on and found the bus stop, which was a request stop, where the bus wou

53、ldnt stop unless passengers wanted to get on or off. No one else was there and I had to try to guess if the bus had arrived.Generally in this situation, because I hated showing I was blind by asking for help, I tried to guess at the sound. Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling s

54、tupid as it drew away. In the end, I usually managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help.But on this particular evening no one joined me at the stop; it seemed that everyone had suddenly decided not to travel by bus. Of course I heard plenty of buses pass, or I thought I did. Bu

55、t because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself, I let them all go by. I stood there alone for half an hour without stopping one. Then I gave up. I decided to walk on to the next stop.36. The girl refused to ask for help because she thought_.A. she might be recognizedB. as

56、king for help looked sillyC. she was normal and independentD. being found blind was embarrassing37. After the girl got off the bus that evening, she_.A. began to runB. hit a person as usualC. hit a lamppost by accidentD. was caught by something38. At the request stop that evening, the girl_.A. stopp

57、ed a big lorryB. stopped the wrong busC. made no attempt to stop the busD. was not noticed by other people39. What was the problem with guessing at the sound to stop a bus?A. Other vehicles also stopped there.B. It was unreliable for making judgments.C. More lorries than buses responded to the girl.

58、D. It took too much time for the girl to catch the bus.40. Finally the girl decided to walk to the next stop, hoping_.A. to find people thereB. to find more buses thereC. to find the bus by herself thereD. to find people more helpful there36. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文第一句(I was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it

59、 was known.)可知。37. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段前三句，特別是第三句(When it happened a third time, I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost)可知。38. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself, I let them all go by.可知，因為車站只有她一個人，因此她根本沒打算去攔任何一輛車。39. B 推理判斷題。由Sometimes I would stop a

60、big lorry可知，靠聲音來判斷有時是靠不住的。40. A 推理判斷題。從I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself可知，她本人不想攔車了，又由managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help可知，她是決定找人幫忙了，而在本站沒有人，去下一站當(dāng)然就是希望在那里可以找到人幫忙。DSports accounts for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commerci

61、al time by television companies. Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have soled audiences to advertisers.An attraction of sports programs for the major U.S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturd

62、ay and Sunday afternoonsthe slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. Sports events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week. This means the television networks are able to sell advert

63、ising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports. The people in the advertising depar

64、tments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers. They also realize that most business travelers are men that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance.Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming. These sports attract

65、few viewers, and the ratings （收視率）are unusually low. However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertises. It is made up of people from the highest incomes groups in the United States, including many lawyers and business managers. This is why television reporting of golf and tennis if sponsors by companies selling high-priced cars, business and pers