七年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit1 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元談?wù)摴P友相關(guān)的內(nèi)容1. be from=come from 來自于Eg: He is from Japan.= He comes from Japan. Is he from Japan?=Does he come from Japan? Where is he from?=Where does he come from?2. pen pal (復(fù)數(shù)) pen pals apple tree (復(fù)數(shù)) apple treeswoman teacher women teachers (復(fù)數(shù)) man teacher men teachers (復(fù)數(shù))當(dāng)名詞修飾名詞，變

2、復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)第二個(gè)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)，男女修飾名詞時(shí)，都變復(fù)數(shù)。3. Country People Language China Chinese Canada Canadian(s) Australia Australian(s) France Frenchman(Frenchmen) French Japan Japanese America American(s) England Englishman(Englishmen) English4. 就語言提問的特殊疑問詞是 What languageEg: He speaks English.What language does he speak?5. f

3、avorite= like best 最喜歡 Eg: My favorite color is red.= I like red best Whats your favorite color?= What color do you like best?6. live in +地點(diǎn) eg: He lives in Shanghai. Where does he live?7. want: want + n. eg: I want a new pen. want to do sth 想要做某事 eg: I want to buy a new pen. want sb. to do sth 想要某人

4、做某事 eg: I want you to buy a new pen.注：want =would like8. interest: n. 興趣 adj. interesting interested兩個(gè)詞的區(qū)別： The book is interesting. 主語必須是物（the book） I am interested in English. 主語必須是人（I） 短語：sb. be interested in sth 某人對(duì)某物感興趣。9. country 可數(shù)名詞 many countries 許多國家 Eg： There are many countries in the wor

5、ld.10. 時(shí)間前面的介詞：at in on at+ 點(diǎn) at 7:00 in +月份 年 in May in 2008 in May，2008 in the eveningon+星期具體的時(shí)間 on Sunday on May 2, 2008 on the Sunday evening11. a little 一點(diǎn) +不可數(shù)名詞 little 幾乎沒有 +不可數(shù)名詞 a few 一點(diǎn) +可數(shù)名詞 few 幾乎沒有 +可數(shù)名詞eg: There is a little water in the glass. Can I drink? I have a few friends in my cl

6、ass. There is little milk, lets buy some. I have few lessons on weekends在周末.注：a little+adj Eg: He is a little shy.12. like to do sth. 偶爾喜歡做某事 like doing sth 一直喜歡做某事 I like singing, but I dont like to sing today.13. with表示“和”同 and表示“和”的區(qū)別 He and I go shopping every day. (He and I做主語，2人) He with me go

7、es shopping every day.(He 做主語，不看with后面) =He goes shopping with me every day. and 不用于否定句和疑問句中，表示和時(shí)用or.14. too: 放在肯定句中句末表示“也” Eg：Nice to meet you, too. too+形容詞表示“太” Eg: She is too beautiful. 15. write to sb. 給某人寫信 Eg：Can you write to me soon? 16. tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人關(guān)于某物 Eg：Please tell me about yo

8、ur study學(xué)習(xí).17. dislike=dont like dislikes=doesnt like18. 選擇疑問句：構(gòu)成：一般疑問句 用or連接選擇的部分 - Is it a pen or a pencil? - Its a pen.19. 四說：speak: 強(qiáng)調(diào)說某種語言的能力。 say: 強(qiáng)調(diào)說的內(nèi)容 tell: 告訴，講述 tell sb. to do sth 告訴某人做某事tell sb about sth 告訴某人關(guān)于某事 talk: 談話 talk towith sb 同某人談話Unit2 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元談?wù)搯柾ㄍ车氐穆?. 就地點(diǎn)提問的特殊疑問詞用：whereWh

9、eres the post office?The post office is next to the school. in front of the school. behind the school. across from the school. between the library and the school.即：主語+be+方位介詞+某地2. 詢問地點(diǎn)的表達(dá)： Wheres the post office? Is there a post office near here? Can you tell me where the post office is? Can you tel

10、l me how to get to the post office.Can you tell me the way to the post office? 注：the way （to）+地點(diǎn) 表示通往.的路 如果地點(diǎn)是副詞如 home、here 、there等 to 必須省略) the way homeherethere on ones way (to)+地點(diǎn) 在某人通往某地的路上3. in the neighborhood 在周圍、在附近go straight 一直向前走turn leftright 向左右轉(zhuǎn)on the leftright 在左右側(cè)take a walk 散步welcom

11、e to 歡迎到go down 沿著 走4. enjoy: enjoy +doing sth 喜歡高興做某事 enjoy+oneself 使自己高興=have fun doing sth =have a good time Eg: I enjoy swimming. I have fun swimming.5. begin: v. 開始 n. beginning the beginning of 的開始6. 某地It + be aan +adj. place to do sth. 某地它是一個(gè)做某事的的地方 Eg：It is a good place to play.7. 到達(dá)的表達(dá)：arri

12、ve in+大地點(diǎn) We arrive in Beijing. at+小地點(diǎn) We arrive at school. get to +地點(diǎn) reach+地點(diǎn)8. let sb.do sth.讓某人做某事 Let him go to school. let sb. not do sth讓某人不做某事 Let him not go to school.9. cross: v.交叉 across prep 通過 crossing n. 交叉口 throughacross through 強(qiáng)調(diào)有障礙物的通過 立體穿過 across 強(qiáng)調(diào)十字交叉的通過 平面穿過10. close v. 關(guān)閉 v. o

13、pen 打開 closed adj. 關(guān)著的open adj.開著的 keep sth closedopen 使.關(guān)著開著11. hope:希望 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope to visit the Great Wall. hope + (that)從句 I hope that I can visit the Great Wall.注：不可以說hope sb. to do sth wish 希望 wish sb. to do sth wish to do sth wish + (that)從句Unit3 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元談?wù)撓矚g何種動(dòng)物及原因1. kind :副詞

14、kind of +adj. = a little +adj.表示“一點(diǎn)，幾分” Eg：They are kind of smart. 名詞: a kind of +可數(shù)名詞 表示“一種” two kinds of +可數(shù)名詞 表示“兩種” all kinds of +可數(shù)名詞 表示“各種各樣” 形容詞：和藹的 Eg: The old man is kind.2. play with 和玩 I like playing with Tom. Dont play with fire.3.祈使句：表示請(qǐng)求或命令的語氣。肯定構(gòu)成：（Please）+V原+其它 Please come in. V原+其它,

15、 （Please） Come in ,please. 否定構(gòu)成：Dont +( Please）+V原+其它 Please dont come in. Dont + V原+其它, （Please） Dont come in, please.4. during the day 在白天 at night 在晚上5. relax v. 放松 （當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)relax變?yōu)閞elaxes） adj. relaxing 主語是物 relaxed 主語是人6.friend: n. 朋友 adj. friendly 友好的 be friendly to sb. 對(duì)某人友好 The teacher is

16、 friendly to her students.在英語中以-ly結(jié)尾的詞為副詞，如：usually, really,carefully等。但有特殊：friendly,lovely為形容詞形容詞修飾名詞放于名詞前 adj+n beautiful girl副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞 adv+adj very beautiful v.+adv thanks a lot7.表示征求對(duì)方意見的表達(dá)： Why not+do sth 為什么不? Why not go to the zoo? HowWhat about doing sth? 怎么樣？What about going to thezoo?8

17、.比較下面的句子： He is a 12-year-old boy. 有連字符的做定語，名詞用單數(shù) The boy is 12 years old. 無連字符的做表語9.反意疑問句：征求對(duì)方的看法或意見。 以Lets開始的反意疑問句，固定用 shall we?10.感嘆句的表達(dá)： What aan +adj +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+代詞+謂語 What a beautiful girl she is! How +adj +the +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+謂語 How beautiful the girl is!Unit4 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元談?wù)撛儐枌?duì)方的職業(yè)1. 詢問對(duì)方職業(yè)的表達(dá)：What do you do

18、? What does he do? What are you? What is he?Whats your job? Whats his job?回答：主語+be+職業(yè)2. work: v. 工作 work with sb.sth.同某人工作同某物打交道.He works in a restaurant. = He is a waiter.He works with money. 他同錢打交到.n. 工作 不可數(shù)名詞 著作 可數(shù)名詞 job: n.工作 可數(shù)名詞3. give sb.sth.= give sth.to sb. 給某人某物=把某物給某人Eg: Please give Zhaom

19、ing the pen.= Please give the pen to Zhaoming.4. help: n.不可數(shù)名詞 Please give me some help. v. help sb. (to)do sth.幫助某人做某事 help sb. with sth.doing sth 在某方面幫助某人 He helps me (to) study math.= He helps me with math.5. talk towith sb 同某人談話。 in the day 在白天 at night 在晚上 go out to dinners 外出就餐5. be busy (in)

20、doing sth. 忙于做某事He is busy in studying the math.7. hard: adv. 努力地;刻苦地 He studies hard. hardly: adv. 幾乎不 I hardly have lessons on weekends.8. have a job for sb. as +職業(yè) 給某人提供一個(gè)職業(yè)的工作We have a job for Tom as a teacher.9. news: 消息 不可數(shù)名詞 a piece of news two pieces of news10. in hospital in the hospitalin

21、hospital 住院 He is ill, he is in hospital.in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里 My mother works in the hospital.Unit5 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：強(qiáng)調(diào)此時(shí)此刻正在做的事情。 翻譯為正在做Look、listen、now是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志?？隙?gòu)成：主語+be(am、is、are)+ving+其他 I am watching TV.否定構(gòu)成：主語+be(am、is、are)+not+ving+其他 I am not watching TV.疑問構(gòu)成：Be+(am、is、are)+主語+vin+

22、其他 Yes,主語+be No, 主語+be+not Are you watching TV? Yes,I am. No,I am not.注意：He watching TV.(錯(cuò)) 因?yàn)闊obe動(dòng)詞 He is watch TV.(錯(cuò)) 因?yàn)闆]變現(xiàn)在分詞Ving:現(xiàn)在分詞 變化規(guī)則：+ing watch-watching 不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾去e+ing重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫輔音字母+ing以ie結(jié)尾的將ie變y+ing2. go to movies=go to a movie 去看電影3. wait for sb.等待某人He is waiting for a bus.4. talk towith sb

23、同說話 He is taling with his friends. talk about 談?wù)?They are talking about math. talk on the phone 通過電話談?wù)?. speak to sb 對(duì)某人說話Unit6 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元學(xué)習(xí)詢問天氣的表達(dá)1. 詢問天氣如何？ Hows the weather? Whats the weather like? Its . n-adj snow-snowy wind-windy sun-sunny cloud-cloudy rain-rainy2. Hows it going? 進(jìn)展如何？ 答語：Great. P

24、retty good. Not bad. Terrible.3.thank you for doing sth 感謝做某事= thanks for doing sth (注意for是介詞 介詞+ing 常見的介詞有in, of ,at, for ,about, on 等)4.take vacation 度假 take a photo=take photos 照相5. some others 一些在另一些在 Some are taking photos, others are lying on the beach.6. surprise: n.驚訝 to ones surprise 使某人驚訝的

25、是 v.使驚訝的是 He surprised me. adj.surprising 物 surprised 人7. relax: v.放松 relaxes (單三形式) adj. relaxing 物 relaxed 人8.have a good time= have fun =enjoy doing sth =enjoy oneself9.weather:天氣（不可數(shù)）What nice weather it is today!Unit7 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)問別人的外貌1. look like 看起來像 look 是動(dòng)詞 like是介詞表示“像 作為動(dòng)詞表示“喜歡” What does

26、he look like? = What is he like? （其中be like既可以詢問性格也可以詢問外貌） 答語：He is tallshort. He has long curly hair. He is of medium build.= He has a medium build.(building 建筑物) He is of medium height.= He has a medium height.2. the captain of 的隊(duì)長 He is the captain of soccer ball team.3. love to do sth 喜歡做某事 I lo

27、ve to watch TV.4. tell jokes 講笑話 play a joke on sb. 同某人開玩笑5. stop: stop doing sth 停下來正在做的事 stop to do sth 停下來去做別的事 The teacehr is coming, please stop talking.(talk) I am tired. Please stop to have(have) a rest.6. a little bit +adjadv =a little 一點(diǎn) He is a little bit heavy. a bit of +不可數(shù)名詞= a little7.

28、 with: “和”，“留有”He is tall. He has short hair.= He is tall with short hair. 8. rememberforget : rememberforget to do sth 記著忘記將要做某事 remember forget doing sth. 記得忘記做了某事 Please remember to close the door.(記著去關(guān)門) I remember closing the door.(我記得關(guān)門了)Unit8 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元學(xué)習(xí)去飯店就餐時(shí)的對(duì)話掌握下面的對(duì)話：Waiter: Can I help you?

29、(What can I do for you?)Costomer: Id(I would) like some noodles.Waiter: What kind of noodles would you like?Costomer: Id like beef and tomato noodles, please.Waiter: What size bowl of noodles would you like?Costomer: What sizes do you have?Waiter: Large bowl, Medium bowl,Small bowl.Costomer: Medium

30、bowl, please.2. want to do sth would like to do sth 想要做某事的區(qū)別want 沒有委婉語氣，而would like 有委婉語氣want 是行為動(dòng)詞，而would 是助動(dòng)詞Do you want to eat ice-cream?Would you like to eat ice-cream?注意：在委婉語氣中的“一些”只能用some. Unit9 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. 過去時(shí)態(tài)：表示發(fā)生在過去時(shí)間里的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示過去的時(shí)間狀語：yesterday昨天 the day before yesterday前天 two days ago兩天前ju

31、st now 剛才last night yearweekmonth昨天晚上去年上周 上個(gè)月 過去時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：肯定公式：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+其他否定公式：主語+waswere +not +其他 主語+didnt +動(dòng)詞原形+其他 疑問公式：WasWere +主語+其他？Did +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 He was a teacher two years ago. 肯定句 He wasnt a teacher two years ago. 否定句Was he a teacher two years ago? 一般疑問句I went shopping yesterday. 肯定句I didnt go

32、shopping yesterday. 否定句Did you go shopping yesterday? 一般疑問句動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則：規(guī)則變化 +ed work-worked e+d practice-practiced 輔音+y-將y變ied study-studied stay-stayed 重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫輔音字母+ed stop-stopped不規(guī)則變化：amis-was are-were dodoes-did have-hadgo-went see-saw get-got make-made eat-ate take-took spend-spent write-wrote si

33、t-satlose-lost find-found think-thought read-readcan-could swim-swam feel-felt2do some reading 做一些閱讀 do some cleaning 做一些打掃 do some ving 做一些3 practice: practice +doing sth 練習(xí)做某事 He practices speaking English every morning.4. study for 為而復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí) go for a walk 散步 look for 尋找 look like 看起來像 look after照顧 l

34、ook up 查閱5 What How about +doing sth? 做怎么樣？ 注意about是介詞What about going shopping? = Why not go shopping?6. My weekend was great. How was your weekend?7.watch(see) : watch sb do sth 看見某人做了某事 watch sb doing sth 看見某人正在做某事 I watch him play the soccer. I watch him playing the soccer.8. It is time to do st

35、h 該到做某事的時(shí)間了 It is time for doing sth.sth.9. spend: (in) doing sth I spend two hours in swimming. on sth I spend two yuan on the pencil.Unit10語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元談?wù)撨^去的時(shí)間里去哪了。1. find： find sb doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事 I find him cleaning the room.2make: make sb do sth 使某人做某事 The movie makes me feel sad. make sth + adj.

36、 使某物. PE makes me tired.3. decide: decide to do sth 下定決心做某事 I decided to study hard. = make ones mind to do sth. 否定: decide not to do sth. n. decision make a decision to do sth 4. begin : begin to dodoing sth 開始做某事5. be lost 迷路，丟失Unit 11 語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)本單元討論喜歡的電視節(jié)目1. 電視節(jié)目：talk show sports show game show soap

37、operasports showsitcome(situation comedy)2. 詢問對(duì)方喜歡電視節(jié)目的表達(dá)：What do you think of +電視節(jié)目？ = How do you like + 電視節(jié)目？ 答語：（按喜歡的程度依次排序） I lovelikedont minddont likecant stand them.3. mind sb.（ones） doing sth 介意某人做某事 I dont mind you cleaning the room.4. cant stand doing sth. 無法忍受做某事 I cant stand watching the

38、 boring TV shows.5. How about sb. 某人樣 How What about sth. 某事樣？ How What about doing sth? 做某事樣呢？6. in fact 事實(shí)上 In fact, I dont like music.7. 常見的央視節(jié)目： English Today 今日英語 Sports News 體育新聞 Healthy living 健康生活 Culture China 中國文化 Chinese Cooking 中國美食 Animal world 動(dòng)物世界8. talk towith sb 和談話 I want to talk w

39、ith you.9. welcome to +地點(diǎn) 歡迎到 Welcome to Beijing.10. ask: ask sb about sth. 問某人關(guān)于某事 I want to ask you about your study. ask sb to do sth. 讓某人做某事 I ask you to clean the room. ask sb not to do sth. 讓某人不做某事 I ask you not to clean the room.11. show sb. sth 展示某讓你某物=show sth. to sb.把某物展示給某人12. each: adj. Each student has a watch.(修飾名詞后面的名詞用單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)) pron. Each of them has a new watch.(of 后面的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，因?yàn)檎嬲闹髡Z是each.)Every 只有形容詞詞性，沒有代詞詞性。13. some of their answers 符合 some of +名詞復(fù)數(shù) 當(dāng)中的一些 名詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)。其中some 還可以用 most, one, each所代替。但是