doing的用法總結(jié)

1、實(shí)用匯總報(bào)告canon, mean, regret, remember, Stop to do 停下來(lái)去做 Forget to do 忘記要做 Remember to do 記得要做 Regret to do 遺憾要做Try to do 企圖做,盡力做Go on to do 繼續(xù)做（另一件事）Mean to do 打算做mean doing 意味做doing的用法匯總報(bào)告動(dòng)名詞的作用1、作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 It 代替動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，常用于如下結(jié)構(gòu)：It ' s no good/use doin如：Seeing is believing.Playing with fire is dange

2、rous.It ' s no good waiting here.2、作賓語(yǔ)I enjoy listening to music.He often practices playing the piano in the evening.He is fond of playing basketball.He has given up smoking.Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?(1) 只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：admit, advise建議，risk , appreciate, envy嫉妒，avoid避免

3、，consider考慮，delay延遲，deny否認(rèn)，dislike 不喜歡，enjoy, escape逃避，excuse原諒、寬恕, finish 完成，forgive 原諒， understand理解，giveup放棄，imagine想象，keep保持，mind介意、在乎，miss未達(dá)至U，practise訓(xùn)練，putoff推遲，resist抵抗，suggest建議、暗示can ' t he禁不住，can ' t standi法 忍受，devote to(to 為介詞)致力于look forward to 期望、盼望,stick to 堅(jiān)持，be used tc習(xí)慣于，ob

4、ject to反對(duì)，be busy忙于 ，fee like 想要 be surprised at對(duì)感到驚訝 be proud of以為驕傲succeed in在某方面成功be afraid of 害怕 give up 放棄(2) 只能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：happen碰巧，offer 主動(dòng)提出，promise 答應(yīng)，agree同意，refuse拒絕，decide 決定，determine 決定、決心, pretend 假裝, fail 未能夠, learn, wish 希望, hope, expect, afford 負(fù)擔(dān)得起。(3) 接動(dòng)名詞、不定式均可,意義相同的動(dòng)詞： like, lov

5、e, dislike, hate, begin, star, continue, prefer, 't bear/endur無(wú)法忍受，cease停止(4) 下列詞接動(dòng)名詞和不定式均可,但意義不同的動(dòng)詞：forget, go stop, try等stop doing 停止做forget doing 忘記做過(guò)remember doing 記得做過(guò)regret doing 后悔做過(guò)try doing 試著做go on doing 繼續(xù)做（同一件事）be worth也有類(lèi)似用法。如:Need, require, want作 需要"講，其后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義,The flow

6、ers need watering/to be watered.The problem is worth discussing.3、作表語(yǔ) 有時(shí)的動(dòng)名詞可以和主語(yǔ)調(diào)換位置。如：My hobby is collecting stamps.Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the child.實(shí)用匯總報(bào)告The film is touching.4、作定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)，一般表示用途。如： a waiting room ， a diving board ， a reading room， a dining hall there are

7、a lot of swimming pools in the city.注：（ 1）現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表動(dòng)作，它與所修飾的名詞之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，可改寫(xiě)成一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從 句。如果為單詞，放在被修飾n之前，為短語(yǔ)，放在被修飾 n之后。如： a sleeping boy =a boy who is sleepinga developing country =a country which is developing（ 2）動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)通常表示它所修飾的名詞的用途或性質(zhì)，可改寫(xiě)成一個(gè)for 的短語(yǔ)，兩者不存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。如： a washing machine = a mashine for w

8、ashinga swimming pool = a pool for swimming5. 作狀語(yǔ)（1）現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作時(shí)間、原因、伴隨、條件、結(jié)果等狀語(yǔ)。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（分詞作狀語(yǔ)前面可加whe n, while 等）Hearing the good news, he jumped with greatjoy.Not having finished her work in time, the boss fired her. 原因狀語(yǔ)Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note 伴隨狀語(yǔ)The girls came in, follo

9、wing their parents. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)The poor old man died, leaving nothing to his children.注意：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的幾個(gè)特性。時(shí)間性。與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，用一般時(shí)，如發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前時(shí)則用完成式having done。語(yǔ)態(tài)性。與句子的主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系，是主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。遵循的規(guī)則“主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，被動(dòng)完成”。人稱(chēng)一致性。分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)。6. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.可以帶有這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有see, watch, hear, obser

10、ve, feel, fin d, have, keep等。二、 動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，通常要用完成式，否則都用一般式。如：We are interested in playing chess.He was praised for having finished the work ahead of time.I ' m sorry for not having kept my promise.若主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，動(dòng)名詞用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：We must do something to prevent water from being p

11、olluted.I remember having been told a story.He was afraidof being scolded by the teacher.三 。-ing 形式的 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。在-ing前加物主代詞或名詞所有格即構(gòu)成-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其中的物主代詞或名詞所有格為-ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，如： Your smoking and drinkingtoo much will doharm to your health.四 。 -ing形 式 與 動(dòng)詞 不 定 式在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，表示一個(gè)比較抽象或泛指的動(dòng)作

12、時(shí)多用 -ing形式。表示一個(gè)具體某一次的動(dòng)作時(shí)，多用動(dòng)詞不定式，如： Our job is making steel. She likes playing the piano, but she doesn't want to play it today.實(shí)用匯總報(bào)告的區(qū)to come 如果用 - to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是一個(gè)動(dòng)作的I hear her sing in the足語(yǔ)時(shí) have told themfeel等之后，曰五。 -ing 形 式 與 動(dòng) 詞 不 定 式 在 作 賓 語(yǔ) 別 。（ 1）不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，其動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后，如：

13、againtomorrow. （ 2）在 see,watch,hear,ing 形式作賓補(bǔ)，表示其動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中，而用不帶 過(guò)程，如： I hear her singing in the room. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她正在屋里唱歌。 room.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她在屋里唱過(guò)歌。10.-ing 形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。ing形式在句作狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間、原因、方式或伴隨情況，而動(dòng)詞不定式一般式在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般是作目 的或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，女口： Not receivi ng his letter, I wrote to him aga in ./I looked into the win dow to see what was going on in side. 六獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：有時(shí)v.-i ng和過(guò)去分詞在句中也有自己的獨(dú)立的主語(yǔ)，這種獨(dú)立的主語(yǔ)一般為名詞或代詞， 和v.-ing還有過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中一般只作狀語(yǔ)。獨(dú)立主格中是使用v.-ing還是過(guò)去分詞，則要根據(jù)它們的主語(yǔ)和其所表示的動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)關(guān)系來(lái)定，如： Thebellringing,we all stopped talking.