語法填空解題技巧【精品】

1、精選課件1 1、閱讀、閱讀/ /理解理解語篇語篇的能力的能力; ;2 2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力; ;3 3、熟練運(yùn)用語法的能力。、熟練運(yùn)用語法的能力。1. 語法填空題語法填空題精選課件語語 法法詞法詞法句法句法章法章法慣用法慣用法v思考：面對語法填空中如此繁雜的語法點(diǎn)，思考：面對語法填空中如此繁雜的語法點(diǎn)，我們到底該怎樣入手呢我們到底該怎樣入手呢? 精選課件 精選課件 3.語法填空題語法填空題空格設(shè)計(jì)空格設(shè)計(jì)純空格純空格介詞，連詞，代詞，冠詞，介詞，連詞，代詞，冠詞，從句引導(dǎo)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句引導(dǎo)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞等助動(dòng)詞等有有提提示示詞詞謂語動(dòng)詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，謂語動(dòng)詞，非

2、謂語動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級級精選課件 無提示詞無提示詞 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)之前可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)之前 考查語法點(diǎn)考查語法點(diǎn): 定冠詞定冠詞,不定冠詞不定冠詞, 物主代詞的用法物主代詞的用法精選課件歸納總結(jié)：如果句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格后面是名詞（尤其是單如果句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格后面是名詞（尤其是單數(shù)名詞），前面無限定詞，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否需數(shù)名詞），前面無限定詞，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否需要填冠詞要填冠詞(a/the)、不定代詞、不定代詞(any, no, some, all, every.)和形容詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞(

3、my, her, their, its)，名詞所有格，名詞所有格等進(jìn)行修飾。等進(jìn)行修飾。 精選課件 無提示詞無提示詞兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)連接兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)連接 Office workers tried to put out the fire, _ it was impossible to control it.考查語法點(diǎn)考查語法點(diǎn): 各類復(fù)合句中連詞各類復(fù)合句中連詞,引導(dǎo)詞的用法引導(dǎo)詞的用法& but精選課件歸納總結(jié)： 1從句子結(jié)構(gòu)考慮，如果空格前后都有句子。則要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~或連詞。 表原因：because, for ,since 等 表結(jié)果：so, therefore

4、,hence, thus 等 表遞進(jìn)：further, furthermore, moreover, in addition 等 表轉(zhuǎn)折：but, nevertheless, however,yet, While ,althouhgh,though等精選課件2 如果兩個(gè)句子（即兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間沒有分號或句號，也沒有關(guān)聯(lián)詞連接或引導(dǎo)，則填并列連詞或從屬連詞 that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why (引導(dǎo)定語從句) that, whether, if, whose, which, who, what, when, where, how, w

5、hy (引導(dǎo)名詞性從句) when, before, after, until, while, because, so, if, unless, although, as (引導(dǎo)狀語從句)and ,or but (連接并列句）精選課件 無提示詞無提示詞 與名詞相連構(gòu)成介賓短語擔(dān)任狀語與名詞相連構(gòu)成介賓短語擔(dān)任狀語, ,補(bǔ)語補(bǔ)語, , 表語等表語等 與不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語接賓語與不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語接賓語 考查語法點(diǎn)考查語法點(diǎn): 介詞的基本用法及慣用搭配介詞的基本用法及慣用搭配精選課件歸納總結(jié) 名詞或代詞前面的空格也可能填介詞。如句子不缺主語、表語、動(dòng)詞后不缺賓語的情況下，名詞或代詞前面，一

6、定是填介詞。 介詞可位于名詞之前 如：at night ,on Sunday 也可位于形容詞之后，如be interested in ,be good at 還可位于不及物動(dòng)詞之后，如 listen to ,arrive at ,look for 精選課件特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu) 1 She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 2 Little_ we know his life. 3 _ cold was the weather that we had to stay

7、at home. 4 I _ go to the station to meet her but I didnt see her. 5 It was in the street _I met an old classmate of mine the other day.itdoSodidthat精選課件歸納總結(jié) 由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞1 由it is .that. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型2由it 作形式主語或賓語的句式3 sosuch .that.句型4 構(gòu)成倒裝條件的only, so ,neither, nor, never,hardly, seldom,not until,had 等5 強(qiáng)調(diào)謂

8、語動(dòng)詞要填do,does, did.精選課件分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)上下文語境上下文語境謂語動(dòng)詞（時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)）謂語動(dòng)詞（時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)）非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞名詞，形容詞，副詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級有有提提示示詞詞精選課件動(dòng)詞 給出的提示詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，我們應(yīng)首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷該動(dòng)詞在句中是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞，或者是否需要轉(zhuǎn)換詞性等，然后再具體解題。 精選課件 有提示詞有提示詞 與主語構(gòu)成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)與主語構(gòu)成主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 考查語法點(diǎn)考查語法點(diǎn): 謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài), 及主謂一致及主謂一致精選課件技巧技巧1 1 ：句中沒有謂語

9、，或者雖然已有句中沒有謂語，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但需填的詞與已存在謂語主語謂語動(dòng)詞，但需填的詞與已存在謂語主語一致，且中間有并列或轉(zhuǎn)折連詞時(shí)，需填一致，且中間有并列或轉(zhuǎn)折連詞時(shí)，需填的詞則是謂語動(dòng)詞。時(shí)態(tài)考慮要瞻前顧后。的詞則是謂語動(dòng)詞。時(shí)態(tài)考慮要瞻前顧后。例例1. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _(close) my book and walked away. closed 精選課件例例2. All over the world, people move f

10、rom place to place. More and more people_ (leave) towns and farms to move to cities.This movement(move) to cities is called urbanization. are leaving 精選課件例例3. Smaller cars are just one of the directions that the car industry is taking. Also the industry _(produce) cars that pollute less and have a l

11、ess harmful effect on the environment these days. is producing精選課件例例4. Nobody knows what _(happen) if she had refused to pay.would have happened 例例5. The international agreement, intended to encourage children not to smoke and _ (help) people kick the habit, _ (sign) on February 27 last summer.helpw

12、as signed精選課件例例6. The happiest (happy) of people dont necessarily (necessary)have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that _(come) along their way. comes例例7. .The country life he was used to _ （change ）greatly since the opening policy was carried out.has changed精選課件 有提示詞有提示

13、詞 除謂語動(dòng)詞以外的動(dòng)詞形式除謂語動(dòng)詞以外的動(dòng)詞形式 考查語法點(diǎn)考查語法點(diǎn): 非謂語動(dòng)詞及變形的使用非謂語動(dòng)詞及變形的使用精選課件技巧技巧2 2 ：若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。若列謂語時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語動(dòng)詞就要確定用是非謂語動(dòng)詞就要確定用 doing形式，形式，done形式，還是形式，還是 to do 形式。非謂語的形形式。非謂語的形式一定要考慮式一定要考慮它與其邏輯主語之間它與其邏輯主語之間 的關(guān)系。的關(guān)系。精選課件例例10. but it is not enough only _(memorize) rule

14、s from a grammar book.to memorize 例例11. _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrarySpeaking 注意注意 ：作主語或賓語時(shí)，通常用作主語或賓語時(shí)，通常用doing / being done形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況；形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況； 用用to do / to be done形式表示具體情況或?qū)?；形式表示具體情況或?qū)?；作狀語用作狀語用having done / having been done表示已發(fā)生。表示已發(fā)生。精選課件例例12. _

15、(complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day.To complete 例例14. Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _(success.)to succeed 注意注意 ：作目的狀語或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一作目的狀語或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般用般用to do形式。形式。例例13. The young student did all that he could _

16、(pass)the examinations.to pass精選課件例例15. He saw the stone, _(say) to himself: “The night willl be very dark.”saying 注意注意 ：分詞作伴隨狀語，原因狀語，條件分詞作伴隨狀語，原因狀語，條件狀語等時(shí)，要看它與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定形狀語等時(shí)，要看它與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定形式。式。精選課件例例16. There will be a meeting, _(start) later this year to review the film.learned 注意注意 ：分詞做后置定語也要看它與被修

17、飾分詞做后置定語也要看它與被修飾詞之間的關(guān)系確定形式。詞之間的關(guān)系確定形式。starting 例例17. .Lessons_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 精選課件例例18. At 9:07pm, Sept.25, The Shenzhou VII spacecraft was lifted by the long March -F carrier rocket into space. The launch of the Shenzhou VII is Chinas third manned spa

18、ce venture since October 23, when it joined Russia and the United States as the only countries _(send) astronauts itno space. 注意注意 ：名詞前有名詞前有 first, second,last, only修飾時(shí)，后面要用修飾時(shí)，后面要用to do / to have done 做后做后置定語。置定語。to have sent the only精選課件例例19. Mr. Green was disappointed to see the washing machine s

19、he had had _（repair） go wrong again.注意注意 ：固定結(jié)構(gòu)如：固定結(jié)構(gòu)如： have sth. done , see sth. done, the way to do 等。等。repaired例例20. Can you tell me the way you thought of _ (work )out the problem.to work精選課件 有提示詞有提示詞 介詞介詞, ,冠詞冠詞, ,所有格后接名詞所有格后接名詞, ,形容詞形容詞修飾名詞修飾名詞, ,副詞修飾形容詞動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)副詞修飾形容詞動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子句子 考查語法點(diǎn)考查語法點(diǎn): 各類詞性的正確

20、使用及轉(zhuǎn)化各類詞性的正確使用及轉(zhuǎn)化精選課件技巧技巧2 2 ：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定在句中的成分。詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定在句中的成分。dangerous例例19. In a _(danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to 例例20. There must be something_ (serious) wrong with our society.seriously精選課件varieties例例21. . Zheng Shouying, a professor at the Ford Science and T

21、echnology College of Nanjing Agriculture University, believes Chinese should learn to pick the best milk from the _(vary) that fill store shelves.精選課件harder例例23. The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could. He jumped even _(hard) and finally made himself out.unnecessary例例22. Your mistake caus

22、ed a lot of _(necessity) work in the office.精選課件請用剛剛總結(jié)的考點(diǎn)請用剛剛總結(jié)的考點(diǎn),嘗試用下面的短文嘗試用下面的短文,進(jìn)行語法填空的命題進(jìn)行語法填空的命題1 挖出你認(rèn)挖出你認(rèn)為會(huì)考的為會(huì)考的10個(gè)空；個(gè)空； 2 注明理由（比如：介詞注明理由（比如：介詞+名詞）；名詞）； 3 時(shí)間：時(shí)間：3分鐘。分鐘。 More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was f

23、inished only a few months before the fire; it was Sao Paulos newest building. All the 25 floors of the office building were completely destroyed. The fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building. Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on

24、the 11th floor. No one knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it. Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above t

25、o escape. 精選課件考點(diǎn)分布考點(diǎn)分布精選課件 More than 220 people were killed in the fire _1_ destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months _2_ the fire; it was Sao Paulos newest building. All the 25 _3_ of the office building were completely destroyed. _4_ fire als

26、o destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building. Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire _5_on the 11th floor. _6_knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an _7_(electricity) fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put o

27、ut the fire, _8_ it was impossible to control _9_ . Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above _10_(escape). One possible version 精選課件 More than 220 people were killed in the fire _ destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months _ the fire; it was Sao Paulos newest building. All the 25 _ of the office building were completely destroyed. _ fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building.which/thatbeforefloorsThe精選課件 Over 5