2022年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)：17個(gè)重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解(B開頭）

1、 2022年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)：17個(gè)重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解（B開頭）1. background n. 背景關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：education background教育背景；family background家庭背景；background music背景音樂用法：既可以指圖畫、舞臺(tái)等的實(shí)體背景，也可以表示某個(gè)人的出身背景、學(xué)歷等。（江蘇卷，短文填空）I had a t 48 education background. I went to public schools, received normal (常規(guī)的) education and was required to follow r 49 like eve

2、ry other student.2. basic adj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：basic information基本信息詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：basis n.基礎(chǔ)；basically adv.基本上，主要地（北京卷，閱讀D）32. The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means “_”.A a sudden failureB. the basic ruleC. a disappointing startD. the gradual development3. beatvt.敲打；打敗；vi.跳動(dòng)；n.節(jié)拍詞形變化：過去式beat

3、；過去分詞beaten關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：beat the drum打鼓；be beaten by sb.被某人打了；輸給了某人（湖南卷，語篇翻譯）Do you enjoy hitting the books? It doesnt mean you enjoy beating your books with your hand.4. beginv. 開始，著手詞形變化：過去式began；過去分詞begun；現(xiàn)在分詞beginning關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：begin with以開始，開始于用法：begin doing sth.和begin to do sth.都表示“開始做某事“，它們的區(qū)別：begin doing強(qiáng)

4、調(diào)事情的持續(xù)性。例如：He began smoking three years ago.他三年前開始抽煙（強(qiáng)調(diào)一種持續(xù)的習(xí)慣）。begin to do表示一件事情的開端，持續(xù)與否不重要。例如：Its beginning to rain, wed better hurry up.開始下雨了，我們最好快點(diǎn)。同義詞：start詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：beginning n.起初，開始：in the beginning=at first起初，開始；at the beginning of在的開頭；from beginning to end從開始到結(jié)束（浙江卷，完形）I began making new friends

5、. I developed my own _23_ and never again followed the crowd.23. A. skillsB. habitsC. projectsD. opinions5. behaviourn. 行為，舉止美式拼寫：behavior關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：good/bad behaviour良好/惡劣行為詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：behave v.表現(xiàn)，舉止（湖南卷，閱讀A）49According to Patrick, what is more important?AManaging schools by uniforms.BImproving students behavio

6、rs.CHelping students express themselves confidently.6. believev. 相信，認(rèn)為關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：believe it or not信不信由你；it is (widely) believed that人們（普遍）認(rèn)為用法：believe是狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。believe sb.相信某人說的話；believe in sb.相信某人的人品；believe in sth.信仰；believe還可以接that或者wh-從句。可以用I believe so或I believe not作為對(duì)問題的肯定或否定回答。（山東卷，單項(xiàng)填空）20. A

7、 recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.A. although B. because C. if7. besideprep. 在旁邊，靠近近義詞：near，next to易混單詞：besides prep.除以外（還有）；adv.此外，而且（江蘇卷，閱讀表達(dá)） I go for long runs and bike rides beside t

8、he beach. An hour of exercise after a long day of writing gives me energy.（浙江卷，完形）Mrs. Chaplin managed to _1_ her children, her own with the money she made as a singer._2_, their economic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的) situation changed when she became ill with laryngitis(喉炎) in 1894.1. A. supportB. leaveC. askD. face2. A. A

9、lthoughB. SoC. HoweverD. Besides8. beyondprep. （表示位置）在的那邊關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：beyond reach夠不著用法：beyond通常用作介詞用，表示位置，意思是“在的那一邊；在之外；在更遠(yuǎn)處”。例如： What lies beyond the mountains?山的那一邊有什么？ The sea is beyond that hill.大海在山的那邊。（江蘇卷，完形）Why is Song He Lou so special _14_ hundreds of restaurants?14. A. betweenB. againstC. amongD

10、. beyond9. birthn.出生，誕生關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：give birth to生下；date/year of birth出生日期/年份；place of birth出生地關(guān)聯(lián)詞匯：birthday n.生日；born：be born in/on出生于某年/某天；be動(dòng)詞要求使用過去式形式。（江蘇卷，閱讀B）24. According to Paragraph 1, cakes and ice-cream are mentioned to describe _.A. the birth of chickensB. the difference between themC. the use o

11、f eggsD. the way of keeping them10. blindadj. 瞎的，失明的；盲目的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：go/become blind眼瞎，失明；colour blind色盲；blind date相親詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：blindly adv. 盲目地；blindness n.失明，盲目（湖北卷，完形）A blind man has no idea of day and night, cant 44 the beauty of nature, or even doesn't know what the light is. 44. A. hear B. enjoy C. touc

12、h D. play11. blowv. 吹，吹氣；刮風(fēng)詞形變化：過去式blew，過去分詞blown關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：blow up爆炸；blow off吹落，吹掉；blow out吹滅，吹熄；blow down吹倒 （山東卷，閱讀C）Also, wind doesnt blow all the time, so we cant use wind power all the time.12. borrowv. 借，（向別人）借用關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：borrow sth from sb. 向某人借某物反義詞：lend v.借出，借給：lend sth. to sb=lend sb. sth.把某物借給某人（山東卷，

13、閱讀表達(dá)）Could you help me pick out some new clothes? Would you mind if I borrowed your bike? Can you look after my apartment while Im away?13. breakv. 打破（斷、碎）；損壞；違背詞形變化：過去式broke，過去分詞broken關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：break ones arm/leg摔斷胳膊/腿；break the law違法；break down分解，發(fā)生故障；break up打碎，分手（with sb.）；break into破門而入；break off折斷熟

14、詞僻義：break n.間歇，休息；中斷：take/have a break休息一下（山東卷，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用） The police said that both Liu and Ran had broken criminal law by seriously endangering (危及) public safety.14. breathn.呼吸，氣息關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：out of breath喘不上氣；take a deep breath深呼吸；hold ones breath屏住呼吸；take ones breath away使人大吃一驚，令人嘆絕詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：breathe v.呼吸 breathle

15、ss adj.上氣不接下氣的（浙江卷，語法填空） As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and _56_, screaming: “Ah! Ah! Ah!”15. buildv.建筑，造詞形變化：過去式built，過去分詞built關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：build up增進(jìn)，加強(qiáng)名詞：building n.建筑物，房屋，大樓（北京卷，完形）And moments of failure like this build _20_ since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown s

16、tronger.20. A. trustB. prideC. characterD. support16. burnv.著火，燃燒；使曬黑詞形變化：過去式burned或burnt，過去分詞burned或burnt關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：burn out燒盡，燃盡（浙江卷，語法填空） However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began _54_ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red _55_ the fruit.17. businessn.生意；商業(yè)；業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：business card名片；do business做生意；none of ones business不歸某人管，與某人無關(guān)關(guān)聯(lián)單詞：bus