形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

1、形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)英語(yǔ)中的形容詞通常用三種形式來(lái)表達(dá)事物的等級(jí)差別，分別是原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。大 部分形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是通過(guò)變化詞尾來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,屬于規(guī)則變化，但也有少數(shù)是不規(guī)則變 化。英語(yǔ)中有些形容詞說(shuō)明形狀、材質(zhì)等，還有形容詞沒(méi)有程度可分或其本身就表示某種程度, 故而沒(méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。常見(jiàn)的有：right正確的wrong錯(cuò)誤的last最后的possible可能的empty空的woode n木制的rou nd圓的golde n金色的excelle nt最好的 first第一的 impossible不可能 的 square方的final最后的 east東方的 favourite最喜歡

2、的一、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成1規(guī)則變化（1）單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)形容詞變化規(guī)則如嚇：1）單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er （比較級(jí)），-est （最高級(jí)）例原級(jí)比較級(jí)最咼級(jí)greatgreatergreatestsmallsmallersmallestclea nclea nerclea nest2）單音節(jié)如以e結(jié)尾，只加-r （比較級(jí)），-st （最高級(jí)）【例】finefinerfin estnicen icernicestwidewiderwidest3）以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，須先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再-est （最高級(jí)）biggerhotterbiggest hottest加-er （比

3、較級(jí)），【例】 big hotfatfatterfattest4）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，將y變?yōu)閕，加-er （比較級(jí)），-est （最 高級(jí)）happyhappierhappiesteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviestfunnyfunnierfunni est【例】5）以-er， ow， -ble結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加 -er （比較級(jí)），-est （最高級(jí)） 【例】 clevercleverercleverestn arrown arrowern arrowestableablerablest（比較級(jí)），most （最高級(jí)）most tir

4、edmost in terest ingmost difficult（2）其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加more【例】tiredmoretiredin terest ingmorein teresti ngdifficultmoredifficult（注意：A :有詞根加ly構(gòu)成的形容詞，在詞前加 more （比較級(jí)），most （最高 級(jí)）女口 friendly-friend+ly 構(gòu)成,friendly more friendly most friendly；B :以形容前綴un構(gòu)成的三音節(jié)形容詞不適合上述情況，如unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-u

5、ntidier-untidiest ）比較級(jí)的用法2不規(guī)則變化形容詞的不規(guī)則變化如下:原級(jí)比較級(jí)最咼級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstlittle/ fewlessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfarther更遠(yuǎn)的（只指距離）further更遠(yuǎn)的（指距離）； 更深入的（指程度）farthest; furthestoldolder較老的，較舊的；長(zhǎng)輩 的（指年齡、新舊、血緣）； elder長(zhǎng)輩的（只指血緣）oldest; eldest（1）高于或低于另一方的比較運(yùn)用“比較級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以表達(dá)一方超過(guò)或低于另一方的情況。 即： 物

6、體 A + am / are / is + 形比 + than + 物體B.She is more beautiful than my sister. 她比我的姐姐漂亮。This bottle is bigger than that o ne.這瓶子比那瓶子大。比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示事物本身程度的逐漸增長(zhǎng)，意為“越來(lái)越She is beco ming fatter and fatter.她變得越來(lái)越胖。It is gett ing warmer and warmer.天氣變得越來(lái)越暖和。三、最高級(jí)的用法1表示在三者或三者以上中程度最高最高級(jí)是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比較形式。

7、此時(shí)應(yīng)運(yùn)用形容詞的最 高級(jí)，其句式為：the+形容詞最高級(jí)+ （名詞）+表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或從句，即： 物體A + am / are / is + the + 形最高級(jí) + （名詞）+比較范圍（of +人/物，in +地方） Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her school.露西是她學(xué)校最漂亮的女孩。Jim is the thinn est of the three boys.吉姆是這三個(gè)男孩中最瘦的。2“最”的其他表達(dá)方法。（1）運(yùn)用比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的概念。Ann is taller tha n any other girl in her class.A

8、nn is taller tha n the other girls in her class.Ann is taller tha n the rest of girls in her class.以上三句表達(dá)的意思等同于最高級(jí)的含義：Ann is the tallest of the girls in her class.安是她們班上最高的女生。四、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)1比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)修飾比較級(jí)的常用語(yǔ)和短語(yǔ)主要有：much（.得多），a lot （得多），a little （一點(diǎn)），a bit（.一點(diǎn)），twice（.兩倍），five times （.五倍）等。Do you feel m

9、uch better today tha n yesterday?你今天感覺(jué)比昨天好很多了嗎？2. 最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常用的最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)有序數(shù)詞 the first，the seconc等以及almost差不多，幾 乎），nearly （差不多，幾乎）。Africa is the sec ond largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。Amy 'writi ng is almost the best of all the stude nts.在所有學(xué)生中，艾米的書(shū)寫(xiě)幾乎是最好的。五、需要注意的情況1. 使用比較級(jí)時(shí)常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤（1）more不可修飾比較級(jí)，但是 much可以用來(lái)

10、加強(qiáng)比較級(jí)，意為“的多”、 “更.”。She looks more younger than I.（巧She looks much youn ger tha n I.（Q（2）比較的對(duì)象或范圍出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing.（齊（比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該是北京的天氣，而不是北京）The weather of Sha nghai is hotter tha n that of Beiji ng.紡上海的天氣比北京的熱。Chi na is larger than any cou ntry in Asia.()(出現(xiàn)了邏輯上的錯(cuò)誤，中國(guó)就

11、是亞洲 的一個(gè)國(guó)家，應(yīng)當(dāng)排除在外)China is larger than any other country in Asia. (vj) 中國(guó)比亞洲別的國(guó)家要大。2形容詞最高級(jí)前通常要加定冠詞 the,而以下幾種情況一般不需要加定冠詞the:(1) 形容詞最高級(jí)前有序數(shù)詞、物主代詞、指示代詞或名詞所有格等限定詞修 飾時(shí),最高級(jí)前不用the。如：The Yellow River is the sec ond Ion gest river in China黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河。(2) 形容詞最高級(jí)在句中作表語(yǔ)而比較范圍又不明確時(shí)，最高級(jí)前不用the。如: They are happiest on

12、Saturday他 們?cè)谛瞧诹羁鞓?lè)。(3) 如果兩個(gè)形容詞最高級(jí)并列修飾同一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，第二個(gè)形容詞最高級(jí)前不加 the。如：He is the youn gest and tallest boy in his class.是班上年齡最小、個(gè)子最高的男孩。練習(xí)形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)（一）一、寫(xiě)出下列單詞的反義詞1. hot 2.new 3. clean 4. high5. heavy 6.cold 7. bad二、寫(xiě)出下列形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1. old 2. busy3. thi n4. many5. slow6. delicious三、用適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Bob is ( young )

13、 than Fred but (tall) thanFred.2. Yin gtia n is not as(tall) asY on gxia n.3. Almost all the stude nts' faces are the same but Li Demi ng looks(fat) tha nbefore .4. Which is (heavy), a hen or a chicke n?5. - How (tall) is Sally?-She' s 1.55 metres (tall). What about Xiaoli ng?-She' s onl

14、y 1.40 metres(tall). She is much(short) than Sally. Sheis also the(short)girl in the class.6. He is(bad) at lear ning maths. He is much(bad) at Chin ese and heis the (bad) at En glish.7. Ann ie says Sally is the(kind) pers on in the world.8. He is one of the(frien dly) people in the class, I thi nk.

15、9. A dictio nary is much(expe nsive) tha n a story-book.10. An orange ia a little(big) tha n an apple, but much(small) tha na watermelo n.11. Miss Chen isthan Mr. Wang. (popular)12. Mr. LinMr. Brow n. (sad)13. The basketballthe baseball. (big)14. Questio n AQuesti on B. (importa nt)15. A rosea weeid

16、草).(beautiful)16. Toro nto iscity in Can ada. (large)17. Playi ng computer games isof all the activities. nteresti ng).18. The Nile(尼羅河)isriver in the world. (long)19. Good health isthing life. (importa nt)20. Taking a taxi isway to get to the airport. (easy)21. Test 1 isof all the tests. (difficult

17、 ) 22. He isthan any other boy in the class < clever)23. She istha n all the other stude nts. (young)24. The wi ndow isof the two. (n arrow)25. Where is thebus-stop? (n ear)26. He is one ofPoliticia ns. (famous)27. Tom drives muchthan Joh n. (careful)28. The white flower is(beautiful). The yellow

18、 flower is(beautiful)tha n the white flower. The red flower is theof the three.四、選擇題1. She istha nA. busier / usB. busier / weC. more busy / us D. more busy / we2.Jane isthan Betty.A. less tallerB. less tallestC. less tall D. not as tall3.Chi na iscountry in the world.A. the third largest B. the lar

19、gest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which isseas on in Beiji ng?-I thi nk it's autu mn.A.goodB.better C.bestD.the best5. - Which is, the sun, the moon or the earth?-Of course, the moon is.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.the smallest6. The air in Beiji ng is gett ing muchnow tha n a f

20、ew years ago.A. clea n B. clea nerC. clea nestD. the clea nest7. Mobile pho nes are very popular now and they aretha n before.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapestD. the cheapest8. I study English asas my brother.A.hard B. harder C. hardest9. Which is, a bicycle or a computer?A. expe nsiveB.more expe nsiv

21、e C.the most expe nsive10. The Yellow River is one ofrivers in Chi na.A long B Ion gerC the Ion gest11.She is the sec ondstude nt in our class.A. tall B. taller C. talles形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)(二)一、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Tom can jump(high). He jumps(high) tha n the other boys inhis class.2. Janet sing(well) in her cla

22、ss. She can sing(well) tha n her musicteacher, too.3. My father is(han dsome). But my brother is(han dsome) tha n him.He is(han dsome) in my family.4. I have(many) books in my class. But my teacher has(many) bookstha n(I).5. (they) house is much(old) tha n(we).6. (she) dances(well) tha n(he).7. (he)

23、 house are(small) of the four.8. Does(she) mother get up(early) tha n(you)?9. Which eats(ma ny), the mouse, the dog or the horse?Are(we) goi ng to play football with(they)?寫(xiě)出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式:longwidefatheavyslowfewfarhappyun happy三用所給詞的正確形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the(clever).2. Gold(黃金

24、)is(little) useful than iron(鐵).3. My sister is two years(old ) tha n I.4. Joh n' s pare nts have four daughters, and she is the(young) child.5. The(cheap) bags are the not usually the best on es.6. The short one is by farexpe nsive of the five.7. The boy is not so(in teresti ng) as his brother.

25、8. Dick sings (well), she sings (well) than John, but Marysings(well) in her class.9. She will be much(happy) in her mew house.10. This dress isthat.(twice, as as , expensive)四. 選擇填空：1. He feelstoday tha n yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like, coffee, te

26、a or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child chose.A. the expe nsive one B. one most expe nsiveC. a least expe nsiveD. the most expe nsive of them4. The line istha n that one.A. more Ion ger B. not Ion ger C. much more Ion ger D. many more Ion ger5. The earth is

27、the moon.A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger asC. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 timesThe book isof the two.A. thi nner B. the thinner C. more thi nner D. the thi nn est6. She lookstha n she does.A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older7. The garde n is beco ming.A. mor

28、e beautiful and moreB. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler8. They competed (比賽) to see who could work.A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the betterC. fastest and better D. faster and better9. hurry,speed.A. More, less B. Much, little C. The

29、 more, the less D. The much, the little五.翻譯句子：1.本書(shū)跟那本書(shū)一樣有趣。This book isthat one.2.你游泳沒(méi)有你弟弟好。You can't swimyour brother.3.今天比昨天冷的多。It istodayit was yesterday.4.對(duì)這個(gè)故事我比另一個(gè)喜歡的多。This story istha n thatone.5. 他比我大兩歲。He istha n I.6. 這個(gè)故事不如那個(gè)有趣。This story isthan that o ne.7. 她的身體狀況一天天好起來(lái)。He is gett ing

30、every day.8. 他對(duì)英語(yǔ)越來(lái)越感興趣。He is beco mingEn glish.9. 他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, thehe gets.10. 你的問(wèn)題是兩個(gè)中比較難的那個(gè) Your question isof two.六、用適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Bob is( young ) tha n Fred, but(tall) tha n Fred.2. Alice is not as(tall) as Mike.3. Li Deming looks(fat) tha n before after the summer holidays.4. Which i

31、s(heavy), a hen or a chicke n?5. - How(tall) is Sally?-She' s 1.55 metres(tall). What about Xiaoli ng?-She' s only 1.40 metres(tall). She is much(short) than Sally. Sheis also the(short) girl in the class.6. He is(bad) at lear ning maths. He is much(bad) at Chin ese andhe is the(bad) at En g

32、lish.7. Ann ie says Sally is the(kind) pers on in the world.8. He is one of the(frien dly) people in the class, I thi nk.9. A dictio nary is much(expe nsive) tha n a story-book.10. An orange is a little(big) tha n an apple,but much(small) tha na watermelo n.11. The Chan gjia ng River is the(lo ng) r

33、iver in China.12. Sue is a little(beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as(big) as my brother' s.14. -How difficult is physics?-I' m not sure.-Is it(difficult) than maths?-I don' t thi nk so.15. - Annie plays the pia no very(well).-Sue plays it(well) than Ann ie. And Sally plays

34、it the(well).16. Saturday is my(busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is gett ing(fat) and(fat).18. I think it' s too expe nsive. I' d like a(cheap) one.19. He comes to school much(early) tha n I.20. This book is not as(in teresti ng) as that one.21. Your classroom is(wide)a nd(bright) tha n ou

35、rs.22. Practise as(much) as you can.23. The(much), the(good).24. Nowadays(現(xiàn)在)English is( important ) than any other subject, Ithi nk.25. Most of the stude nts thi nk a lion is much(dan gerous) tha n a bear and itis the(da ngerous) ani mal in the world.26. The apples in the other shop are an .(cheap; good)27. Many of the stars are soaway that we c