外文翻譯杏核去核設(shè)備

1、APRICOT PITTING MACHINEMalcolm W.Loveland,Emeryvile,assignor to Atlas-Pacific Engineering Co,a corporation of Califorma Filed May 25, 1966, Ser. No. 552,S6110 Claims. (CI. 146-28)This invention relates to an apricot cutting machineand more particularly relates to a machine wherein anapricot is align

2、ed on its suture axis by a prior machineand then passes under a floating knife which cuts theapricot substantially on its suture plane and thereafter apit kicker removes the pit from the apricot.Most apricots are of a free pit nature and it is onlynecessary to cut the fruit in half and the pit willo

3、rdinarily fall out. However, there is always a certainpercentage of apricots wherein the pit is not free andtends to stick to one or both halves of the cut apricot.Apricot cutting machines having a floating non-rotating knife have heretofore been known such as that described in Patent 2,735,466 wher

4、ein theapricot is rolledunder a floating knife, the knife severing the apricot andthereafter a hook or tail forminga part of the knife dislodges the free pit as the apricot passes underneath thehook. Such a structure works wellwith free pit apricotsbut tends to jam-up when an apricot with a stuck pi

5、t isencountered. On hand-fed machines, this occurrence iseasily rectified by the operator but on modern automaticmachinery, many apricots are damaged before such ajam will clear itself.It is a primary object of the present invention to provide an apricot cutting machine wherein the pits are dislodge

6、d in a positive manner.Another object of this invention is to provide anapricot cutting machine having an oscillating pit kickerwhich positively dislodges stuck pits.A still further object of this inven'ion is to providean apricot cutting machine wherein a shroud covering theknife has a pluralit

7、y of resilient fingers, imparting a positive rolling motion to the apricot thus facilitating cutting.A still further object of this invention is to providesuch a structure wherein the shroud can be adjusted relative to the knife whereby the machine will accommodateapricots of various sizes.Still ano

8、ther object of this invention is to provide adevice wherein the knife and kicker are mounted on acommon carriage which can be raised or lowered to accommodate apricots of various sizes.In the drawings forming part of this application:FIGURE 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a deviceembodying t

9、he present invention.FIGURE 2 is an end view on the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.FIGURE 3 is an enlarged side view of the cutting andpit dislodging mechanism shown in FIGURE 1.FIGURE 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of FIGURE 3.FIGURE 5 is an enlarged section through an apricotshowing the action of the cuttin

10、g knife.FIGURE 6 is a section through an apricot showing theaction of the pit kicker.FIGURE 7 is a partial view similar to FIGURE 6showing another form of pit kicker.FIGURE 8 is a section of a still further form of pitkicker.FIGURE 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of FIGURE 1.FIGURE 10 is an enlarged

11、side view of a pit kickerconstructed in accordance with the present invention.FIGURE 11 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the cutting knife and shroud.Referring now to the drawings by reference characters, the device of the present invention, generally designated 12, is mounted

12、over the discharge end of an apricotorienting and propelling mechanism generally designated14. The orienting mechanism 14 is not described in detailsince it forms no part of the present invention. However,it can be of the type shown in co-pending patent application, Ser. No. 452,479, filed May 3, 19

13、65, now Patent No.3,272,311, wherein a plurality of lanes are provided,each of which includes moving belts 16 and 18 arrangedin a generally V-shaped configuration for the purpose ofpropelling the apricots down a desired path. In the embodiment illustrated。five such lanes are Provided although it wil

14、l be obvious to those skilled in the art thata smaller or larger number of lanes might be employed.The overall structure includes side frame members 20and 22 which slideably support threaded shafts 24 and26 mounted on guides 28 and 30. At the upper end ofeach threaded shaft is a sprocket 36 which is

15、 internallythreaded. The sprockets 36 have a hexagon on their uppersurfaces so they may be turned with a wrench.The lowerhub of the sprocket has a flange 32 which fits into agrooved block 34 affixed to the guide 28. As the nutsprocket is turned on the threaded shafts 24 and 26 theshafts are moved up

16、wards or downwards depending ondirection the sprocket is turned. The sprockets aretied together by means of a roller chain 38 which passesover a tightner sprocket 40. By this arrangement whenone sprocket is turned, the other sprocket is turned a likeamount. A carriage for supporting the cutter assem

17、bliesis provided by the transverse bars 42 and 44 which arelinked together with connectors 46. The connectors 46are securely attached to the threaded shafts 24 and 26so as to rise and fall with the shafts and maintain theirparallel relationship with the belts 16 and 18. Attached to the carriage is a

18、 motor mount 52 which rises and fallswith the carriage.The cutter assembly 12 is mounted on a sub-frame54 to which are attached vertical guides 56, 57, 58, and59 which are arranged in pairs, forming close fitting slotsin which knife 62 can slide up and down freely. Theknife 62 has slots 60 therein a

19、nd is held in place on thevertical guides by means of the bolts 64 and 66. Thus theknife can move up or down by the length of the slots.Compression springs 68 and 70 normally bias the knifeto the bottom of the slots 60 and give the knife blade afloating action. Desirably, the springs include guides

20、72to keep the springs from deflecting to one side. Theknife itself has a tip portion 74 and a horizontal portion76. The tip portion 74 makes an angle of about 200 withthe horizontal portion 76. It will thus be seen that theknife has a floating action and can tilt or raise against theaction of the sp

21、rings.Mounted on the knife is the shroud designated 78. Theshroud itself consists of a pair of metal backing members80 and 82 which are mirror images of each other. Blade62 is provided with slots 84 and 86 and the halves of theshroud are bolted into these slots by means of the bolts88. It will thus

22、be seen that the shrouds can be locatedat various heights with respect to the blade edge by adjustment of the bolts 88. The shrouds themselves comprise a rubber liner 90 secured by a suitable adhesive tothe backing members and include a plurality of smallrubber fingers 92 for gripping the fruit. The

23、 front end ofthe shroud is curved upwardly as at 94 to produce awedging action as the fruit first encounters the shroud.The shrouds extend the length of the knife and continueover the pit kicker blade.The pit kicker itself which forms the crux of the presentinvention has been generally designated 96

24、. The pit kickerincludes a vertical forward surfaces 98 and an angularforward edge 100 which forms roughly a 30º angle withthe knife blade. The pit kicker 96 is mounted on an arm102 carried on a pivot 104 and includes an upwardlyextending arm 106 terminating in a cam follower 108.A compression

25、spring 110 mounted between arm 102and support plate 55 urges the pit kicker downwardlyand the cam follower 108 into contact with a cam 112.Cam 112 is mounted on shaft 114 which is driven byprime mover 116 through belt 118. In this manner, thepit kicker 96 is given an oscillatory motion and, sincethe

26、 arc through which it moves is quite small, this motionis almost entirely vertical.The pit engaging portion of the pit kicker can takevarious forms. In the form shown in FIGURE 6 as wellas in the FIGURE 3, the fruit engaging portion 100 hasflat face with square edges so that it either hits the pitwi

27、th its flat face or, if it hits to one side of the pit, thesharp edge between the face and the side of the kicker willtend to engage and dig into the pit. This effect can befurther enhanced in the embodiment shown in FIGURE7. Here the pit engaging edge, designated 100-A is hollow-ground having sharp

28、 ridges on each side of the hollowcenter. As can be seen from FIGURE 7, these sharpridges will tend to engage a pit and dislodge it. The effectcan be even further enhanced in the form shown in FIGURES 8 and 10 wherein the pit is given a serrated edgeas at 100-B. It is obvious that such an edge havin

29、g aseries of sharp points will tend to dig into the pit andpositively disengage it from the apricot.The action of the device is as follows: As an apricotpasses down the V-belts 16 and 18 it is first engaged bythe sloping tip end of blade 62 designated 74.The forward tip of this blade is higher than

30、the highest positionof any apricot to be encountered. Thus the apricot wedgesunder the blade and as the belts propel the apricot forward the knife slices almost into the pit, whereupon theshrouds engage the apricot retarding the upper surface,and give it a positive rotating action.Thus the apricotte

31、nds to roll along the flat portion 76 of the knife makingat least one complete revolution, completely severing theapricot. Desirably, the knife goes just to the -pit andthe action of the shroud is not only to cause the rotatingaction but also to prevent the knife from penetrating theapricot deeper t

32、han is desired. Thus an important aspectof the invention is the adjustability feature wherein theshrouds can be adjusted to give any desired depth of cut.Further, by adjusting the entire carriage, the pressure onthe apricots can be adjusted so that an undue amountof pressure will not be exerted by t

33、he shrouds, tending tocrush the apricots when running large fruit. Since apricotsare ordinarily pre-sorted for size, the machine of the present invention is ideally adjusted to run a single size offruit by means of the two adjustments described above,although considerable variations in size of fruit

34、 can beencountered with reasonably satisfactory results.It has been found that about 4 inch of pit kicker travelis adequate to secure a good job of pit removal. On amachine running at a belt speed of slightly over 800inches per minute, a frequency of 1200 chops per minutewas employed with satisfacto

35、ry results. This gives theblade about three chops at each pit. The action whichprobably happens to a stuck pit is somewhat as follows:With the blade in an up or partially down position, the pitengages the kicker and is stopped in its forward motion.The down stroke would then push the pit some portio

36、nof 1/4 inch out of its contact position. When the kniferetracts the apricot and pit are urged forward further bythe action of the belt combined with the sloping portionof the pit kicker so that the nit is further dislodged byeach stroke. Two or three strokes of the pit kicker probably move the pit

37、downwardly from Va to N inches fromits original location, which is adequate to detach it fromthe apricot half. When comparing the oscillating pit kickerof the present invention with a stationary knife with afixed heel such as shown in the prior art, the number of stuck pits remaining in the cut frui

38、t was reduced by a factor of five to ten.Although the oscillating pit kicker has been described for use in conjunction with a particular type of slitting knife, and is preferably so used,the kicker may be employed with other slitting devices.It is believed obvious from the foregoing that I have prov

39、ided a superior machine for slitting apricots and one which essentially solves the problem of stuck pits.I claim:1. In a drupe pitting machine having means for propelling drupes over a path of travel wherein each drupe is positioned with its suture in a vertical plane as such drupe is delivered to a

40、 cutting station whereat a knife is positioned above the path of travel of the drupe with its blade extending generally in said vertical plane and with the cutting edge on said blade extending parallel to said path of travel whereby the flesh of each drupe is severed into the pit therein at said cut

41、ting station; the improvement comprising:(a) a pit kicker comprising a planar blade having a downwardly extending edge for disengaging a pit in a drupe which has been cut by the knife;(b) means mounting the pit kicker blade in said vertical plane with the forward end of said edge adjacent the end of

42、 the knife;(c) and means for oscillating the pit kicker blade up and down independently of said knife to impart a rapid chopping motion.2. The structure of claim I wherein the pit kicker blade has a pit engaging edge which extends at about a 30º angle to the path of travel of the drupes.3. The

43、structure of claim 2 wherein said edge is a straight edge.4. The structure of claim 2 wherein said edge has sharp ridges thereon.5. The structure of claim 2 wherein said edge is serrated.6. The structure of claim 1 wherein:(a) the knife is spring mounted in said plane over the path of travel of the

44、drupes and parallel thereto;(b) and shrouds extending from each side of the knife and sloping downwardly therefrom to cause the fruit to rotate in its passage under the knife;(c) the forward portion of said knife extending ahead of said shrouds, whereby the knife enters a drupe before the shrouds en

45、gage the drupe.7. The structure of claim 6 wherein each shroud is provided with a surface which increases the frictional grip of the shroud on a drupe to insure the rotation of the drupe.8. The structure of claim 1 wherein said pit kicker blade is oscillated at a rate such that the pit in each drupe

46、 is engaged with the blade several times as the drupe passes the blade.9. The structure of claim 6 wherein each shroud is provided with means whereby the shroud can be raised and lowered with respect to the knife.10. The structure of claim 6 wherein the shroud extends over both the knife and the pit

47、 kicker.References CitedUNITED STATES PATENTS1,334,162 3/1920 Moltzaer - 146-72 X2,474,492 6/1949 Perrelli et al. _ 146-172,664,127 12/1953 Perrelli - 146-282,735,466 2/1956 Krstinich - 146-722,745,453 5/1956 Perrelli et al. _ 146-282,882,944 4/1959 Lorenzen - 146-283,194,290 7/1965 McClelland et al

48、. _ 146-2383,241,586 3/1966 Petersen et al. _ 146-28W. GRAYDON ABERCROMBIE.Primary Examiner.杏核去核設(shè)備Malcolm W.Loveland,Emeryvile,assignor to Atlas-Pacific Engineering Co,a corporation of Califorma Filed May 25, 1966, Ser. No. 552,S6110 Claims. (CI. 146-28)本發(fā)明涉及一個杏切割機，更具體地涉及的機器，其特征在于，杏其縫合軸由現(xiàn)有的機器上對齊，然后下

49、通過一個浮動刀切斷杏基本上其縫合平面上，其后凹坑噴射器去除從杏坑。大多數(shù)杏坑性質(zhì)，它是只需要半坑切水果通常會掉下來。然而，總是有一定比例的杏，其特征在于，所述的坑是不是免費的，往往會粘到的一個或兩個半切杏。杏切割機具有一個浮動的非旋轉(zhuǎn)刀迄今已知如專利2735466中描述的，其特征在于，所述軋制的浮動刀，刀切斷杏杏此后形成刀的一部分的鉤或尾部上移開免費坑下方鉤杏通行證。這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)工程以及與免費坑杏子，但往往果醬杏坑卡住時遇到。在手饋電機中，這種情況的發(fā)生是由運營商很容易糾正，但現(xiàn)代化的自動機械，許多杏子被損壞，在這樣一個將清除卡紙本身。這是本發(fā)明的一個主要目的是提供一種杏切割機，其特征在于，以積

50、極的態(tài)度凹坑脫落。本發(fā)明的另一個目的是提供一種的杏切割機具有的振蕩的凹坑噴射器正面上移開卡坑。本發(fā)明的再一個目的是提供一種杏切割機，其特征在于，具有多個護罩覆蓋刀賦予正的滾動運動的彈性指狀物，從而有利于切割杏。本發(fā)明的再一個目的是提供這樣一種結(jié)構(gòu)，其特征在于，所述護罩可以調(diào)整相對于刀，設(shè)備將由此適應(yīng)各種尺寸的杏。本發(fā)明的再一個目的是提供一種裝置，其特征在于，所述刀和噴射器安裝在一個共同的滑架可以升高或降低，以適應(yīng)各種尺寸的杏。此應(yīng)用程序的組成部分在附圖中：圖1是側(cè)視圖，部分截面，體現(xiàn)本發(fā)明的一種裝置。圖2是圖1中2-2線的端視圖。圖3是切割和圖1中所示的凹坑拋下機構(gòu)的放大側(cè)視圖。圖4是圖3的4

51、-4線的截面。圖5是杏示出的切割刀的動作的放大剖視圖。圖6是通過杏示出的坑噴射器的動作部分。圖7是類似于圖6示出另一種形式的坑噴射器的局部視圖。圖8是邊的坑噴射器的再一個形式。圖9是圖1中的9-9線的截面。圖10是根據(jù)本發(fā)明構(gòu)造的一個坑噴射器的放大側(cè)視圖。圖11是一透視圖，示出的切割刀和護罩之間的關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)在參照附圖通過參考字符，本發(fā)明的裝置，通常指定為12，安裝在杏定向和推進機構(gòu)14的排出端。定向機構(gòu)14還沒有詳細描述，因為它不構(gòu)成本發(fā)明的一部分。但是，它可以是在共同未決的專利申請，絲氨酸所示的類型。第452479號，1965年5月3日申請，現(xiàn)在專利3，272,311，其特征在于，所述多個通道

52、中所提供的每一個包括移動皮帶16和18排列在一個大致V形的配置的目的，推動杏子下來所需的路徑。示出在本實施例中，五個這樣的車道所提供的，雖然這將是明顯的，本領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)人員在現(xiàn)有技術(shù)中，可以采用更小或更大的車道數(shù)。它的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，包括側(cè)框架部件20和22可滑動地支持螺紋導(dǎo)板28和30安裝在軸24和26。各螺紋軸的上端處是一個有內(nèi)螺紋的鏈輪36。的鏈輪36具有在其上表面上的六邊形，這樣他們可能會變成與wrench.The下輪轂鏈輪裝入一個開槽塊34固定到導(dǎo)向器28的凸緣32。的螺紋軸24和26導(dǎo)通，因為螺母鏈輪的軸移動的鏈輪轉(zhuǎn)動因不同的方向上的向上或向下。通過越過一個tightner鏈輪40的滾子鏈

53、38的鏈輪是聯(lián)系在一起的。通過這種布置時，打開一個鏈輪，鏈輪轉(zhuǎn)動量等。提供用于支承切割器組件的滑架的橫向桿42和44與連接器46是連在一起的。牢固地連接到連接器46的螺紋軸24和26，所以上升和下降與軸保持平行關(guān)系皮帶16和18。安裝在托架上的馬達安裝部52與滑架的上升和下降。被安裝在切割器組件12的子幀54，其上連接的垂直導(dǎo)向件56，57，58，和59成對排列，形成緊密配合的槽刀62可以向上滑動和向下自由。刀62具有在其中的槽60，和被保持在螺栓64和66上的垂直導(dǎo)向裝置。因此，刀可以向上移動或向下的槽的長度。壓縮彈簧68和70正常偏置的刀槽60的底部，并提供對刀片的浮動動作。理想的是，彈簧

54、包括導(dǎo)板72，以保持彈簧向一側(cè)偏轉(zhuǎn)。刀本身具有的前端部74和水平部76。的前端部74與水平部76的角度為約200。因此，可以看出，刀有一個浮動的動作，并且可以傾斜或提高防止彈簧的動作。安裝對刀護罩指定78。該護罩本身由一對金屬背襯構(gòu)件80和82是彼此的鏡像。葉片62設(shè)置有槽84和86，并通過螺栓88，用螺栓固定在護罩的一半插入這些插槽。因此，可以看出，整流罩可以位于不同高度的調(diào)整螺栓88相對于刃尖。整流罩本身包括由合適的粘合劑固定到襯背構(gòu)件的橡膠襯套90，并包括多個小的橡膠手指92把持水果。在護罩的前端是彎曲的，在94向上楔作用產(chǎn)生的果實第一次遇到的護罩，護罩延伸長的刀和繼續(xù)在坑起腳刀片?？悠?/p>

55、腳本身已經(jīng)形成的癥結(jié)，本發(fā)明一般指定96。的的凹坑噴射器包括一個垂直的前表面98的角度形成大約30°的角度與刀片的前邊緣100。被安裝在一個樞軸104上的臂102進行的凹坑噴射器96包括一個向上延伸的臂106終止于一凸輪從動件108。一個壓縮彈簧110的安裝臂102和支承板55之間向下敦促坑噴射器和凸輪從動件108與凸輪112接觸。凸輪112安裝在軸114通過皮帶118驅(qū)動的原動機116。在這種方式中，的凹坑噴射器96給出的振蕩運動，因為，通過它移動的圓弧是相當(dāng)小的，這個裝置幾乎完全是垂直的?？涌悠鹉_接合部可以采取多種形式。如圖6所示，在圖3中的，卡合部100的果實方的邊緣，以便它或者撞擊坑的與平坦面，或，如果它擊中坑的一側(cè)，具有平坦面的形式鋒利的邊緣臉和側(cè)面起腳將傾向于從事挖成坑。在圖7中所示的實施例中，可以進一步增強這種效應(yīng)。這里的凹坑嚙合邊緣，標(biāo)號100-A是中空地上中空的中心的每一側(cè)上具有鋒利的脊。從圖7中可以看出，這些棱脊往往會從事一個坑，撞出。效果還可以進一步增強的形式示于圖8和10的方法，其中，凹坑被給于100-B的鋸齒形邊緣。很明顯，這樣的邊緣有一系列的尖點，將傾向于挖成坑，